TEDYouth 2015
Raymond Wang: How germs travel on planes -- and how we can stop them
Raymond Wang: Kako bacili potujejo na letalih - in kako jih ustaviti
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Raymond Wang ima samo 17 let, pa že pomaga graditi bolj zdravo prihodnost. S pomočjo dinamike tekočin je ustvaril računalniške simulacije toka zraka na letalih. Ugotovil je nekaj neprijetnega: ko nekdo na letalu kihne, tok zraka pravzaprav pomaga širiti patogene med druge potnike. Wang prikaže nepozabno animacijo poti kiha po kabini ter svojo nagrajeno rešitev: majhno napravo v obliki plavuti, ki poveča pritok svežega zraka v letalih ter preusmeri s patogeni nasičen zrak navzven.
Raymond Wang - Inventor
Raymond Wang won the top prize in the 2015 Intel Science and Engineering Fair for his invention that circulates fresh air on planes and reduces transmission of germs between passengers. Full bio
Raymond Wang won the top prize in the 2015 Intel Science and Engineering Fair for his invention that circulates fresh air on planes and reduces transmission of germs between passengers. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
Can I get a show of hands --
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Prosim, dvignite roke,
00:15
how many of you in this room
have been on a plane in this past year?
have been on a plane in this past year?
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če ste v preteklem letu leteli z letalom.
00:20
That's pretty good.
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Kar precej vas je.
00:21
Well, it turns out that you
share that experience
share that experience
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No, to izkušnjo ste v enem letu delili
00:24
with more than three billion
people every year.
people every year.
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z več kot tremi milijardami ljudi.
00:27
And when we put so many people
in all these metal tubes
in all these metal tubes
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In ko toliko ljudi v teh kovinskih ceveh
00:30
that fly all over the world,
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leti po vsem svetu,
00:31
sometimes, things like this can happen
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se lahko zgodi kaj takega
00:34
and you get a disease epidemic.
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in pride do izbruha bolezni.
00:37
I first actually got into this topic
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Stvar me je začela zanimati,
00:39
when I heard about the Ebola
outbreak last year.
outbreak last year.
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ko sem lani slišal za izbruh ebole.
00:41
And it turns out that,
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Izkazalo se je,
00:43
although Ebola spreads
through these more range-limited,
through these more range-limited,
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da čeprav se ebola širi
po omejenih območjih
po omejenih območjih
00:46
large-droplet routes,
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in preko večjih kapljic,
00:47
there's all these other sorts of diseases
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obstajajo druge vrste bolezni,
00:49
that can be spread in the airplane cabin.
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ki se lahko širijo po letalski kabini.
00:51
The worst part is, when we take
a look at some of the numbers,
a look at some of the numbers,
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Če pogledamo nekaj številk,
00:54
it's pretty scary.
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je slika precej strašljiva.
00:56
So with H1N1,
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Recimo virus H1N1,
00:57
there was this guy that decided
to go on the plane
to go on the plane
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neki tip je z njim šel na letalo
01:00
and in the matter of a single flight
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in na enem samem letu
01:02
actually spread the disease
to 17 other people.
to 17 other people.
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se je okužilo še 17 ljudi.
01:04
And then there was this
other guy with SARS,
other guy with SARS,
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Pa še nekdo, okužen s SARS-om,
01:06
who managed to go on a three-hour flight
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ta je na triurnem letu
01:08
and spread the disease to 22 other people.
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okužil še 22 drugih.
01:11
That's not exactly my idea
of a great superpower.
of a great superpower.
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Temu jaz ne bi rekel dobra
nadnaravna moč.
nadnaravna moč.
01:15
When we take a look at this,
what we also find
what we also find
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Ob tem ugotovimo tudi,
01:18
is that it's very difficult
to pre-screen for these diseases.
to pre-screen for these diseases.
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da je te bolezni težko vnaprej ugotoviti.
01:21
So when someone actually
goes on a plane,
goes on a plane,
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Ko se torej nekdo vkrca na letalo,
01:23
they could be sick
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je morda bolan
01:24
and they could actually
be in this latency period
be in this latency period
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in je morda v fazi,
01:27
in which they could actually
have the disease
have the disease
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ko ima bolezen,
01:29
but not exhibit any symptoms,
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a ne kaže simptomov,
01:31
and they could, in turn,
spread the disease
spread the disease
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lahko pa bolezen širi
01:33
to many other people in the cabin.
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na druge ljudi v letalu.
01:35
How that actually works is that right now
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To se zgodi zato,
01:37
we've got air coming in
from the top of the cabin
from the top of the cabin
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ker v kabino prihaja zrak z vrha
01:39
and from the side of the cabin,
as you see in blue.
as you see in blue.
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in s strani, kot vidite v modrem.
01:41
And then also, that air goes out
through these very efficient filters
through these very efficient filters
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Ven pa gre skozi te zelo
učinkovite filtre,
učinkovite filtre,
01:46
that eliminate 99.97 percent
of pathogens near the outlets.
of pathogens near the outlets.
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ki odstranijo 99,97% patogenov
blizu odvodov.
blizu odvodov.
01:51
What happens right now, though,
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Trenutno to poteka
01:52
is that we have this
mixing airflow pattern.
mixing airflow pattern.
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po vzorcu mešanja zračnih tokov.
01:55
So if someone were to actually sneeze,
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Če nekdo kihne,
01:56
that air would get swirled
around multiple times
around multiple times
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bo zrak večkrat zaokrožil,
01:59
before it even has a chance
to go out through the filter.
to go out through the filter.
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preden bo odstranjen skozi filter.
02:03
So I thought: clearly, this
is a pretty serious problem.
is a pretty serious problem.
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Pomislil sem: to je precej resen problem.
02:07
I didn't have the money
to go out and buy a plane,
to go out and buy a plane,
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Nisem imel denarja,
da bi kupil letalo,
da bi kupil letalo,
02:10
so I decided to build a computer instead.
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zato sem sestavil računalnik.
02:13
It actually turns out that
with computational fluid dynamics,
with computational fluid dynamics,
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Izkazalo se je,
da z računalniškim modelom toka
da z računalniškim modelom toka
02:16
what we're able to do
is create these simulations
is create these simulations
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lahko poustvarimo simulacije,
02:18
that give us higher resolutions
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ki so natančnejše,
02:20
than actually physically going
in and taking readings in the plane.
in and taking readings in the plane.
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kot če bi izvedli meritve v letalu samem.
02:24
And so how, essentially, this works
is you would start out
is you would start out
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To deluje tako: začnemo
02:27
with these 2D drawings --
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z dvodimenzionalnimi risbami,
02:29
these are floating around
in technical papers around the Internet.
in technical papers around the Internet.
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te so na voljo na tehničnih papirjih
na internetu.
na internetu.
02:32
I take that and then I put it
into this 3D-modeling software,
into this 3D-modeling software,
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Vzamem jih in uporabim program 3D modela,
02:35
really building that 3D model.
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prav zgradim ta model.
02:37
And then I divide that model
that I just built into these tiny pieces,
that I just built into these tiny pieces,
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Potem pa ga razdelim na majcene delce,
02:41
essentially meshing it so that
the computer can better understand it.
the computer can better understand it.
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na tak način, da lahko računalnik
bolje razume model.
bolje razume model.
02:45
And then I tell the computer where
the air goes in and out of the cabin,
the air goes in and out of the cabin,
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Računalniku povem, kje zrak pride v kabino
in kje gre ven,
in kje gre ven,
02:49
throw in a bunch of physics
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dodam ščepec fizike
02:50
and basically sit there and wait until
the computer calculates the simulation.
the computer calculates the simulation.
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in čakam, da računalnik napravi simulacijo.
02:56
So what we get, actually,
with the conventional cabin is this:
with the conventional cabin is this:
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V običajni kabini dobimo tale rezultat:
02:59
you'll notice the middle person sneezing,
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če oseba v sredini kihne,
03:02
and we go "Splat!" -- it goes
right into people's faces.
right into people's faces.
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"pljusk", to gre naravnost v obraze drugih.
03:06
It's pretty disgusting.
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Precej ogabno.
03:08
From the front, you'll notice
those two passengers
those two passengers
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Od spredaj, kot vidite, potnika
03:11
sitting next to the central passenger
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poleg tistega v sredini
03:12
not exactly having a great time.
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ne uživata najbolj.
03:14
And when we take a look
at that from the side,
at that from the side,
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Poglejmo s strani:
03:16
you'll also notice those pathogens
spreading across the length of the cabin.
spreading across the length of the cabin.
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patogeni se širijo vzdolž kabine.
03:22
The first thing I thought was,
"This is no good."
"This is no good."
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Pomislil sem: "To ni dobro."
03:24
So I actually conducted
more than 32 different simulations
more than 32 different simulations
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Zato sem napravil preko 32
različnih simulacij
različnih simulacij
03:27
and ultimately, I came up
with this solution right here.
with this solution right here.
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in prišel do te rešitve.
03:31
This is what I call a -- patent pending --
Global Inlet Director.
Global Inlet Director.
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To je - če bo patentirano -
usmerjevalec vhoda zraka.
usmerjevalec vhoda zraka.
03:34
With this, we're able to reduce
pathogen transmission
pathogen transmission
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S tem lahko prenos patogenov zmanjšamo
03:37
by about 55 times,
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za 55-krat,
03:39
and increase fresh-air inhalation
by about 190 percent.
by about 190 percent.
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vnos svežega zraka pa povečamo
za okoli 190 odstotkov.
za okoli 190 odstotkov.
03:42
So how this actually works
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To dosežemo tako,
03:44
is we would install this piece
of composite material
of composite material
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da tale kos materiala
03:47
into these existing spots
that are already in the plane.
that are already in the plane.
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namestimo na ta že obstoječa mesta
na letalu.
na letalu.
03:50
So it's very cost-effective to install
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To je cenovno učinkovito
03:52
and we can do this directly overnight.
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in se lahko napravi čez noč.
03:54
All we have to do is put a couple
of screws in there and you're good to go.
of screws in there and you're good to go.
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Potrebujemo samo nekaj vijakov.
03:57
And the results that we get
are absolutely amazing.
are absolutely amazing.
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Rezultati pa so neverjetni.
04:00
Instead of having those problematic
swirling airflow patterns,
swirling airflow patterns,
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Namesto težavnih vrtincev zraka
04:04
we can create these walls of air
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dobimo te zračne zidove,
04:05
that come down in-between the passengers
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ki pridejo med potnike
04:08
to create personalized breathing zones.
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in ustvarijo osebne cone dihanja.
04:09
So you'll notice the middle passenger
here is sneezing again,
here is sneezing again,
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Tule sredinski potnik spet kihne,
04:12
but this time, we're able
to effectively push that down
to effectively push that down
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a tokrat lahko zrak potisnemo navzdol
04:15
to the filters for elimination.
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do filtrov za izhod.
04:18
And same thing from the side,
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Enako velja s strani,
04:19
you'll notice we're able to directly
push those pathogens down.
push those pathogens down.
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vidite, kako patogene potisnemo navzdol.
04:23
So if you take a look again now
at the same scenario
at the same scenario
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Poglejmo isti scenarij
04:27
but with this innovation installed,
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z vstavljeno inovacijo,
04:28
you'll notice the middle
passenger sneezes,
passenger sneezes,
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ko sredinski potnik kihne,
04:30
and this time, we're pushing
that straight down into the outlet
that straight down into the outlet
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gre zrak naravnost do izhoda
04:34
before it gets a chance
to infect any other people.
to infect any other people.
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in nima časa okužiti drugih.
04:37
So you'll notice the two passengers
sitting next to the middle guy
sitting next to the middle guy
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Potnika poleg osebe v sredini
04:40
are breathing virtually
no pathogens at all.
no pathogens at all.
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ne vdihujeta praktično nobenih patogenov.
04:43
Take a look at that from the side as well,
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Poglejmo s strani,
04:45
you see a very efficient system.
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vidite, kako učinkovit je sistem.
04:47
And in short, with this system, we win.
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Skratka, s tem sistemom zmagamo.
04:51
When we take a look at what this means,
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Poglejmo, kaj to pomeni.
04:54
what we see is that this not only works
if the middle passenger sneezes,
if the middle passenger sneezes,
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Ne deluje samo, če kihne potnik v sredini.
04:57
but also if the window-seat
passenger sneezes
passenger sneezes
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Deluje tudi pri potniku ob oknu
05:00
or if the aisle-seat passenger sneezes.
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ter tistem ob prehodu.
05:03
And so with this solution, what does
this mean for the world?
this mean for the world?
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Kaj ta rešitev pomeni za svet?
05:06
Well, when we take a look at this
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Če to prenesemo
05:09
from the computer simulation
into real life,
into real life,
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z računalnika v realnost,
05:12
we can see with this 3D model
that I built over here,
that I built over here,
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lahko s tem 3D modelom tule,
05:15
essentially using 3D printing,
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z uporabo 3D tiskanja,
05:17
we can see those same
airflow patterns coming down,
airflow patterns coming down,
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ugotovimo enak vzorec
zračnih tokov navzdol
zračnih tokov navzdol
05:20
right to the passengers.
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do potnikov.
05:22
In the past, the SARS epidemic
actually cost the world
actually cost the world
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Epidemija SARS-a je svet stala
05:26
about 40 billion dollars.
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okoli 40 milijard dolarjev.
05:27
And in the future,
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V prihodnje
05:29
a big disease outbreak
could actually cost the world
could actually cost the world
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bi velik izbruh bolezni
svet lahko stal
svet lahko stal
05:31
in excess of three trillion dollars.
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preko tri bilijone dolarjev.
05:33
So before, it used to be that you had
to take an airplane out of service
to take an airplane out of service
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V preteklosti je bilo treba letalo
vzeti iz prometa
vzeti iz prometa
05:37
for one to two months,
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za mesec ali dva,
05:39
spend tens of thousands of man hours
and several million dollars
and several million dollars
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porabiti na desettisoče delovnih ur
in več milijonov dolarjev,
in več milijonov dolarjev,
05:42
to try to change something.
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da bi kaj spremenili.
05:44
But now, we're able to install
something essentially overnight
something essentially overnight
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Zdaj lahko novost namestimo čez noč
05:47
and see results right away.
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in takoj vidimo rezultate.
05:49
So it's really now a matter of taking
this through to certification,
this through to certification,
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Zdaj mora poskus dobiti certifikat,
05:52
flight testing,
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biti testiran med letom,
05:54
and going through all of these
regulatory approvals processes.
regulatory approvals processes.
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iti skozi postopke odobritve.
05:57
But it just really goes to show
that sometimes the best solutions
that sometimes the best solutions
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A to je primer, da so včasih
najboljše rešitve
najboljše rešitve
06:00
are the simplest solutions.
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najbolj enostavne.
06:01
And two years ago, even,
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Še pred dvema letoma
06:05
this project would not have happened,
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se ta projekt ne bi zgodil,
06:06
just because the technology then
wouldn't have supported it.
wouldn't have supported it.
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ker ga tehnologija ne bi dovoljevala.
06:09
But now with advanced computing
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Z naprednim programiranjem
06:12
and how developed our Internet is,
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ter z razvojem interneta
06:14
it's really the golden era for innovation.
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pa smo v zlati dobi inovacij.
06:17
And so the question I ask all
of you today is: why wait?
of you today is: why wait?
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Zato vas vprašam: Zakaj čakamo?
06:20
Together, we can build the future today.
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Skupaj lahko zgradimo prihodnost že danes.
06:23
Thanks.
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Hvala.
06:24
(Applause)
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(aplavz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Raymond Wang - InventorRaymond Wang won the top prize in the 2015 Intel Science and Engineering Fair for his invention that circulates fresh air on planes and reduces transmission of germs between passengers.
Why you should listen
Raymond Wang is a Canadian youth innovator who is passionate about science, technology, engineering and entrepreneurship. He is one of Canada's Top 20 Under 20, and most recently, the recipient of the Gordon E. Moore award for the Top Project at the 2015 Intel International Science and Engineering Fair (ISEF).
Raymond enjoys exploring STEM and promoting global sustainability. His latest engineering innovations, including his work with aircraft cabin airflow and his inventions of the “Weather Harvester,” “Smart Knee Assistant” and "Smart Bin,” have achieved international recognition.
Raymond is enthusiastic about inspiring others to pursue STEM opportunities. He actively reaches out to the local community through camps & associations, in addition to communities around the world through YouTube & Modern Media.
Having a strong passion for sustainability, Raymond has founded Sustainable Youth Canada, a youth-led non-profit organization dedicated to empowering young people in Affiliated Regions established from coast to coast to be leaders in tackling issues with environmental and energy sustainability.
In his spare time, Raymond enjoys exploring music as both a National Youth Band clarinetist and an avid pianist. He is also a keen director of films and videos; many of his productions have been recognized at local film festivals.
Raymond envisions himself pursuing a career in science, applying research and innovation with a business approach to do his part in bettering the world.
Raymond Wang | Speaker | TED.com