Mission Blue II
Thomas Peschak: Dive into an ocean photographer's world
Thomas Peschak: Sukeldu ookeanifotograafi maailma
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Uperpallitavad hiid-sarvikraid, sööstvad delfiinid, kihavad kalaparved ja matsutavad haid asustavad maailma ookeani pinna all, mida vähestel on võimalus näha. Looduskaitseforograaf Thomas Peschak külastab uskumatuid meremaastikke üle maailma ning tema fotod paljastavad need peidetud ökosüsteemid. "Ei saa armastada ega kaitsta miskit, mille olemasolust sa isegi ei tea," ütleb ta, Ühine Peschak'iga uues, kaasahaaravas TED kõne formaadis, kus ta jagab oma jahmatavat tööd ja unistust lugupidavast koosolust ookeaniga.
Thomas Peschak - Conservation photographer
Thomas Peschak strives to merge photojournalism and cutting edge science to create powerful media projects that tackle critical marine conservation issues. Full bio
Thomas Peschak strives to merge photojournalism and cutting edge science to create powerful media projects that tackle critical marine conservation issues. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
As a kid, I used to dream about the ocean.
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Lapsena unistasin ookeanist.
00:15
It was this wild place
full of color and life,
full of color and life,
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See oli metsik paik,
tulvil värve ja elu,
tulvil värve ja elu,
00:19
home to these alien-looking,
fantastical creatures.
fantastical creatures.
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koduks tulnuklikele
ulmelistele olenditele.
ulmelistele olenditele.
00:23
I pictured big sharks
ruling the food chain
ruling the food chain
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Kujutlesin suuri haisid
toiduahelat valitsemas
toiduahelat valitsemas
00:25
and saw graceful sea turtles
dancing across coral reefs.
dancing across coral reefs.
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ja nägin graatsilisi merikilpkonnasid
tantsisklemas korallrahudel.
tantsisklemas korallrahudel.
00:28
As a marine biologist turned photographer,
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Merebioloogist fotograafina
00:30
I've spent most of my career
looking for places
looking for places
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olen enamuse karjäärist
otsinud sama imelisi paikasid
otsinud sama imelisi paikasid
00:33
as magical as those I used
to dream about when I was little.
to dream about when I was little.
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kui need, millest
väikesena unistasin.
väikesena unistasin.
00:37
As you can see,
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Nagu näete, alustasin
00:38
I began exploring bodies of water
at a fairly young age.
at a fairly young age.
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veekogude uurimisega
üsna varajases nooruses.
üsna varajases nooruses.
00:41
But the first time
I truly went underwater,
I truly went underwater,
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Aga esimest korda
päriselt vee alla
päriselt vee alla
00:43
I was about 10 years old.
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läksin umbes 10-aastaselt
00:44
And I can still vividly remember
furiously finning
furiously finning
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Mäletan siiani elavalt
raevukat siplemist
raevukat siplemist
00:47
to reach this old, encrusted
cannon on a shallow coral reef.
cannon on a shallow coral reef.
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jõudmaks vana koordunud
kahurini madalal korallrahul.
kahurini madalal korallrahul.
00:50
And when I finally managed
to grab hold of it,
to grab hold of it,
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Kui suutsin viimaks
sellest kinni haarata,
sellest kinni haarata,
00:53
I looked up, and I was instantly
surrounded by fish
surrounded by fish
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vaatasin üles ja olin
hetkega ümbritsetud kaladest,
hetkega ümbritsetud kaladest,
00:56
in all colors of the rainbow.
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värvilised nagu vikerkaar.
00:58
That was the day
I fell in love with the ocean.
I fell in love with the ocean.
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Sel päeval armusin ookeanisse.
01:00
Thomas Peschak
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Thomas Peschak
01:02
Conservation Photographer
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Looduskaitsefotograaf
01:04
In my 40 years on this planet,
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40 aasta jooksul sel planeedil
01:06
I've had the great privilege to explore
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on mul olnud suur au uurida
01:08
some of its most incredible seascapes
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osa tema uskumatuimatest meremaastikest
01:10
for National Geographic Magazine
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National Geographic ajakirja
01:12
and the Save Our Seas Foundation.
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ja Save Our Seas fondi tarbeks.
01:14
I've photographed everything
from really, really big sharks
from really, really big sharks
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Olen pildistanud kõike
alates tõeliselt suurtest haidest
alates tõeliselt suurtest haidest
01:17
to dainty ones that fit
in the palm of your hand.
in the palm of your hand.
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hapramateni, mis
mahuvad peopesasse.
mahuvad peopesasse.
01:20
I've smelled the fishy, fishy breath
of humpback whales
of humpback whales
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Olen tundnud küürvaalade
kalahõngulist hingeõhku kui nad
kalahõngulist hingeõhku kui nad
01:23
feeding just feet away from me
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kui nad toituvad
minust kõigest
minust kõigest
01:25
in the cold seas off Canada's
Great Bear Rainforest.
Great Bear Rainforest.
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mõne jala kaugusel
Kanada külmas rannikumeres.
Kanada külmas rannikumeres.
01:28
And I've been privy to the mating rituals
of green sea turtles
of green sea turtles
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Olen saanud osa roheliste merikilpkonnade
paaritumisrituaalidest
paaritumisrituaalidest
01:31
in the Mozambique Channel.
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Mosambiigi kanalis.
01:32
Everyone on this planet affects
and is affected by the ocean.
and is affected by the ocean.
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Igaüks siin planeedil mõjutab,
ja on mõjutatud ookeanist.
ja on mõjutatud ookeanist.
01:36
And the pristine seas
I used to dream of as a child
I used to dream of as a child
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Puutumatud mered, millest
lapsena unistasin,
lapsena unistasin,
01:38
are becoming harder and harder to find.
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on järjest raskemad leida.
01:41
They are becoming more compressed
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Nad on enam koondunud
01:43
and more threatened.
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ja ohustatud.
01:45
As we humans continue to maintain our role
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Inimene säilitab rolli
01:48
as the leading predator on earth,
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juhtiva röövloomana Maal,
01:50
I've witnessed and photographed
many of these ripple effects firsthand.
many of these ripple effects firsthand.
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olen seda lainetusefekti vahetult
tunnistanud ja pildistanud.
tunnistanud ja pildistanud.
01:55
For a long time, I thought
I had to shock my audience
I had to shock my audience
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Pikka aega arvasin. et
pean ükskõikset publikut
pean ükskõikset publikut
01:58
out of their indifference
with disturbing images.
with disturbing images.
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šokeerima häirivate piltidega.
02:00
And while this approach has merits,
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Ja kuigi sel lähenemisel on vooruseid,
02:02
I have come full circle.
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olen tagasi alguses.
02:04
I believe that the best way
for me to effect change
for me to effect change
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Usun, et parim viis tekitada muutust
02:07
is to sell love.
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on müüa armastust.
02:08
I guess I'm a matchmaker of sorts
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Olen teatud moodi kosjasobitaja.
02:10
and as a photographer,
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Fotograafina on mul
02:12
I have the rare opportunity
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haruldane võimalus
02:14
to reveal animals and entire ecosystems
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paljastada loomi ja terveid ökosüsteeme,
02:16
that lie hidden beneath
the ocean's surface.
the ocean's surface.
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mis peituvad ookeani pinna all.
02:19
You can't love something
and become a champion for it
and become a champion for it
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Ei saa armastada ja kaitsta miskit,
02:22
if you don't know it exists.
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mille olemasolust sa isegi ei tea.
02:24
Uncovering this -- that is the power
of conservation photography.
of conservation photography.
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Selle paljastamine on
looduskaitsefotograafia jõud.
looduskaitsefotograafia jõud.
02:29
(Music)
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02:32
I've visited hundreds of marine locations,
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Olen külastanud sadu merealasid,
02:35
but there are a handful of seascapes
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aga on käputäis meremaastikke,
02:37
that have touched me incredibly deeply.
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mis on mind uskumatult
sügavalt puudutanud.
sügavalt puudutanud.
02:40
The first time I experienced
that kind of high
that kind of high
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Esimest korda tundsin sellist joovastust
02:43
was about 10 years ago,
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umbes 10 aastat tagasi
02:45
off South Africa's rugged, wild coast.
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Lõuna-Aafrika kaljusel metsikul rannikul.
02:47
And every June and July,
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Iga aasta juunis ja juulis
02:49
enormous shoals of sardines
travel northwards
travel northwards
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rändavad hiiglaslikud
sardiiniparved põhja poole
sardiiniparved põhja poole
02:51
in a mass migration
we call the Sardine Run.
we call the Sardine Run.
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massirändes, mida kutsutakse
Sardiinide Mässuks.
Sardiinide Mässuks.
02:54
And boy, do those fish
have good reason to run.
have good reason to run.
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Oi, neil kaladel on
küllaga põhjust mässata.
küllaga põhjust mässata.
02:56
In hot pursuit are hoards
of hungry and agile predators.
of hungry and agile predators.
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Neid on taga ajamas hordide viisi
näljaseid kiireid kiskjaid.
näljaseid kiireid kiskjaid.
03:01
Common dolphins hunt together
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Harlikud delfiinid peavad jahti koos
03:02
and they can separate some
of the sardines from the main shoal
of the sardines from the main shoal
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ja eraldavad osa sardiine parvest,
03:05
and they create bait balls.
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tekitamaks söödapalle.
03:07
They drive and trap the fish upward
against the ocean surface
against the ocean surface
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Nad ajavad kalad ülespoole
ookeani pinna vastu lõksu
ookeani pinna vastu lõksu
03:11
and then they rush in to dine
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ja tormavad seejärel õhtustama
03:12
on this pulsating and movable feast.
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selle tuikava, liikuva pidusöögiga.
03:15
Close behind are sharks.
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Mitte kaugel maas on haid.
03:17
Now, most people believe
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Suurem osa inimesi usub,
03:18
that sharks and dolphins
are these mortal enemies,
are these mortal enemies,
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et haid ja delfiinid on surmavaenlased,
03:20
but during the Sardine Run,
they actually coexist.
they actually coexist.
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kuid Sardiinide Mässu ajal
nad koeksisteerivad.
nad koeksisteerivad.
03:23
In fact, dolphins actually
help sharks feed more effectively.
help sharks feed more effectively.
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Delfiinid isegi aitavad haidel
efektiivsemalt toituda.
efektiivsemalt toituda.
03:27
Without dolphins, the bait balls
are more dispersed
are more dispersed
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Delfiinideta on söödapallid hajutatumad
03:31
and sharks often end up
with what I call a sardine donut,
with what I call a sardine donut,
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ja haid saavad lõpuks ainult
"söödasõõriku,"
"söödasõõriku,"
03:35
or a mouth full of water.
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ehk suutäie vett.
03:36
Now, while I've had a few spicy moments
with sharks on the sardine run,
with sharks on the sardine run,
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Kuigi mul on haidega Sardiinide Mässu
ajal olnud paar vürtsikat hetke,
ajal olnud paar vürtsikat hetke,
03:40
I know they don't see me as prey.
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tean, et nad ei näe mind saagina.
03:42
However, I get bumped and tail-slapped
just like any other guest
just like any other guest
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Kuid saan siiski müksata ja sabaga laksata
nagu iga teine külaline
nagu iga teine külaline
03:46
at this rowdy, rowdy banquet.
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sel hoogsal banketil.
03:49
From the shores of Africa we travel east,
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Aafrika rannikult liigume ida poole,
03:52
across the vastness
that is the Indian Ocean
that is the Indian Ocean
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Üle laiuva India ookeani
03:54
to the Maldives, an archipelago
of coral islands.
of coral islands.
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Maldiividele, korallsaarestikule.
03:58
And during the stormy southwest monsoon,
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Tormise edelamussooni ajal
04:01
manta rays from all across the archipelago
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rändavad hiid-sarvikraid
üle kogu saarestiku
üle kogu saarestiku
04:03
travel to a tiny speck
in Baa Atoll called Hanifaru.
in Baa Atoll called Hanifaru.
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pisikesele Hanifaru laiule Baa atollil.
04:06
Armies of crustaceans,
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Koorikloomade karjad,
04:08
most no bigger than the size
of your pupils,
of your pupils,
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enamik väiksemad kui su silmatera,
04:10
are the mainstay of the manta ray's diet.
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on hiid-sarvikrai toitumise alustalaks.
04:14
When plankton concentrations
become patchy,
become patchy,
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Kui planktoniga kaetus
muutub ebaühtlaseks,
muutub ebaühtlaseks,
04:16
manta rays feed alone
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toituvad hiid-sarvikraid
04:18
and they somersault themselves
backwards again and again,
backwards again and again,
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üksi, uperpallitades
04:20
very much like a puppy
chasing its own tail.
chasing its own tail.
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nagu kutsikas, kes ajab oma saba taga.
04:23
(Music)
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04:27
However, when plankton densities increase,
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Aga kui planktoni tihedus kasvab,
04:29
the mantas line up head-to-tail
to form these long feeding chains,
to form these long feeding chains,
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joonduvad raid üksteise järele,
moodustades pikad toitumisahelad,
moodustades pikad toitumisahelad,
04:33
and any tasty morsel that escapes
the first or second manta in line
the first or second manta in line
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juhuks kui maitsev amps möödub
esimesest või teisest raist reas,
esimesest või teisest raist reas,
04:37
is surely to be gobbled up
by the next or the one after.
by the next or the one after.
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kugistab selle kindlasti alla
järgmine või tema järel olev rai.
järgmine või tema järel olev rai.
04:41
As plankton levels peak in the bay,
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Kui planktoni tase on haripunktis,
04:43
the mantas swim closer and closer together
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ujuvad raid lahes järjest lähemale kokku,
04:46
in a unique behavior
we call cyclone feeding.
we call cyclone feeding.
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haruldasel kombel, mida kutsume
keeristoitumiseks.
keeristoitumiseks.
04:48
And as they swirl in tight formation,
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Kui nad keerlevad tihedalt koos,
04:51
this multi-step column of mantas
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tekitab see mitmeastmeline
04:52
creates its own vortex, sucking in
and delivering the plankton
and delivering the plankton
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raide sammas pöörise,
mis imeb planktonit sisse
mis imeb planktonit sisse
04:56
right into the mantas' cavernous mouths.
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ja toob otse raide põhjatutesse suudesse.
04:59
The experience of diving
amongst such masses of hundreds of rays
amongst such masses of hundreds of rays
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Sellise sadadesse ulatuva hulga
raide seas sukeldumine
raide seas sukeldumine
05:03
is truly unforgettable.
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on tõeliselt unustamatu kogemus.
05:06
(Music)
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05:54
When I first photographed Hanifaru,
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Esimene kord Hanifarut pildistades
05:55
the site enjoyed no protection
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polnud paik kaitse all
05:57
and was threatened by development.
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ja teda ähvardas hoonestamine.
05:59
And working with NGOs
like the Manta Trust,
like the Manta Trust,
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Koostöös MTÜ-dega
nagu Manta Trust
nagu Manta Trust
06:01
my images eventually helped Hanifaru
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aitasid mu pildid Hanifarul
06:03
become a marine-protected area.
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lõpuks saada merekaitsealaks.
06:05
Now, fisherman from neighboring islands,
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Kalamehed naabersaartelt
06:07
they once hunted these manta rays
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pidasid vanasti raidele jahti,
06:09
to make traditional drums
from their skins.
from their skins.
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et teha nende nahast rahvuslikke trumme.
06:12
Today, they are the most ardent
conservation champions
conservation champions
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Tänapäeval on nad tulihingelised
looduskaitse eest võitlejad,
looduskaitse eest võitlejad,
06:15
and manta rays earn the Maldivian economy
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ja hiid-sarvikraid toovad
Maldiivide majandusele
Maldiivide majandusele
06:18
in excess of 8 million dollars
every single year.
every single year.
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igal aastal üle 8 miljoni dollari.
06:23
I have always wanted
to travel back in time
to travel back in time
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Olen alati tahtnud reisida tagasi aega,
06:25
to an era where maps were mostly blank
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kus kaardid olid enamuses tühjad,
06:28
or they read, "There be dragons."
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või näitasid "Draakonite maa."
06:30
And today, the closest I've come
is visiting remote atolls
is visiting remote atolls
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Kõige sarnasem sellele on
kaugete atollide külastamine
kaugete atollide külastamine
06:33
in the western Indian Ocean.
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India ookeani lääneosas.
06:35
Far, far away from shipping lanes
and fishing fleets,
and fishing fleets,
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Kaugel laevateedest ja
kalalaevastikest,
kalalaevastikest,
06:38
diving into these waters
is a poignant reminder
is a poignant reminder
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on nendesse vetesse sukeldumine
tabav meenutus sellest,
tabav meenutus sellest,
06:42
of what our oceans once looked like.
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kuidas meie ookeanid
omal ajal välja nägid.
omal ajal välja nägid.
06:44
Very few people have heard
of Bassas da India,
of Bassas da India,
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Väga vähesed on kuulnud
Bassas da India atollist,
Bassas da India atollist,
06:47
a tiny speck of coral
in the Mozambique Channel.
in the Mozambique Channel.
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pisikesest korall-laiust
Mosambiigi kanalis.
Mosambiigi kanalis.
06:51
Its reef forms a protective outer barrier
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Tema riff moodustab kaitsva tõkke
06:54
and the inner lagoon is a nursery ground
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ja sisemine laguun on kasvulavaks
06:57
for Galapagos sharks.
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Galapagose haidele.
06:58
These sharks are anything but shy,
even during the day.
even during the day.
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Need haid on ujeduse vastand,
isegi päevasel ajal.
isegi päevasel ajal.
07:03
I had a bit of a hunch
that they'd be even bolder
that they'd be even bolder
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Mul oli aimdus, et nad on
veelgi julgemad
veelgi julgemad
07:05
and more abundant at night.
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ja arvukamad öösel.
07:08
(Music)
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07:16
Never before have I encountered
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Ma pole kunagi kohanud
07:18
so many sharks on a single coral outcrop.
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nii palju haisid
ühel ainsal korallmadalikul.
ühel ainsal korallmadalikul.
07:21
Capturing and sharing moments like this --
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Selliste hetkede püüdmine ja jagamine
07:25
that reminds me why I chose my path.
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meenutab mulle, miks valisin selle tee.
07:29
Earlier this year, I was on assignment
for National Geographic Magazine
for National Geographic Magazine
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Aasta alguses olin täitmas
National Geographic ajakirja
National Geographic ajakirja
07:33
in Baja California.
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ülesannet Bajas, Californias.
07:34
And about halfway down the peninsula
on the Pacific side
on the Pacific side
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Umbes poolsaare keskel
Vaikse ookeani poolel
Vaikse ookeani poolel
07:37
lies San Ignacio Lagoon,
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asub San Ignacio laguun,
07:39
a critical calving ground for gray whales.
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oluline hallvaalade poegimisala.
07:41
For 100 years, this coast was the scene
of a wholesale slaughter,
of a wholesale slaughter,
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100 aastat oli see rannik
veresauna tegevuspaik,
veresauna tegevuspaik,
07:45
where more than 20,000
gray whales were killed,
gray whales were killed,
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kus tapeti üle 20 000 hallvaala,
07:48
leaving only a few hundred survivors.
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jättes ellu vaid paarsada.
07:50
Today the descendents of these same whales
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Tänapäeval müksavad nende samade vaalade
07:53
nudge their youngsters to the surface
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järeltulijad oma noored pinnale
07:55
to play and even interact with us.
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meiega mängima, isegi suhtlema.
07:59
(Music)
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()
08:08
This species truly has made
a remarkable comeback.
a remarkable comeback.
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See liik on märkimisväärselt taastunud.
08:14
Now, on the other side
of the peninsula lies Cabo Pulmo,
of the peninsula lies Cabo Pulmo,
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Poolsaare teisel poolel asub Cabo Pulmo,
08:17
a sleepy fishing village.
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unine kaluriküla.
08:19
Decades of overfishing
had brought them close to collapse.
had brought them close to collapse.
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Aastakümned ülekalastamist
tõid nad kokkuvarisemise äärele.
tõid nad kokkuvarisemise äärele.
08:22
In 1995, local fisherman
convinced the authorities
convinced the authorities
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Aastal 1995 veenis
kohalik kalur võimusid
kohalik kalur võimusid
08:25
to proclaim their waters a marine reserve.
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kuulutama nende veed merekaitsealaks.
08:27
But what happened next
was nothing short of miraculous.
was nothing short of miraculous.
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Juhtus midagi imelist.
08:31
In 2005, after only
a single decade of protection,
a single decade of protection,
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Aastal 2005, pärast ainult
kümnendit kaitse all,
kümnendit kaitse all,
08:35
scientists measured the largest
recovery of fish ever recorded.
recovery of fish ever recorded.
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mõõdeti seal suurim kalade
taastumine, mis eales salvestatud.
taastumine, mis eales salvestatud.
08:39
But don't take my word
for it -- come with me.
for it -- come with me.
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Aga ärge mind uskuge - tulge kaasa!
08:42
On a single breath, swim with me in deep,
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Ainsa hingetõmbega, ujuge minuga sügavale
08:45
into one of the largest
and densest schools of fish
and densest schools of fish
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ühte suurimasse ja
tihedamasse kalaparve,
tihedamasse kalaparve,
08:48
I have ever encountered.
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mida olen kohanud.
08:51
(Music)
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()
09:03
We all have the ability
to be creators of hope.
to be creators of hope.
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Meil kõigil on oskus luua lootust.
09:05
And through my photography,
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Läbi fotograafia tahan
09:07
I want to pass on the message
that it is not too late for our oceans.
that it is not too late for our oceans.
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edastada sõnumi, et veel pole hilja
päästa meie ookeanid.
päästa meie ookeanid.
09:11
And particularly, I want to focus
on nature's resilience
on nature's resilience
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Eriti tahan keskenduda
looduse paindlikkusele
looduse paindlikkusele
09:14
in the face of 7.3 billion people.
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silmitsi 7,3 miljardi inimesega .
09:18
My hope is that in the future,
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Loodan, et tulevikus
09:20
I will have to search much, much harder
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pean palju rohkem otsima,
09:22
to make photographs like this,
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tegemaks pilte nagu see,
09:24
while creating images that showcase
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luues pilte, mis esitlevad
09:27
our respectful coexistence with the ocean.
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meie lugupidavat koosolemist ookeaniga.
09:30
Those will hopefully become
an everyday occurrence for me.
an everyday occurrence for me.
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Loodetavasti muutvad need mulle
igapäevaseks sündmuseks.
igapäevaseks sündmuseks.
09:34
To thrive and survive in my profession,
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Et minu elualal edeneda
ja vastu pidada
ja vastu pidada
09:37
you really have to be a hopeless optimist.
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peab olema lootusetu optimist.
09:40
And I always operate on the assumption
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Töötan alati eeldusega,
09:42
that the next great picture
that will effect change
that will effect change
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et järgmine suurepärane pilt,
mis tekitab muutust,
mis tekitab muutust,
09:45
is right around the corner,
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ei ole mägede taga,
09:47
behind the next coral head,
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vaid järgmise koralliharu taga,
09:49
inside the next lagoon
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järgmises laguunis,
09:51
or possibly, in the one after it.
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või vahest, sellest järgmises.
09:54
(Music)
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()
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Thomas Peschak - Conservation photographerThomas Peschak strives to merge photojournalism and cutting edge science to create powerful media projects that tackle critical marine conservation issues.
Why you should listen
Thomas P. Peschak is an assignment photographer for National Geographic Magazine and the Director of Conservation for the Save our Seas Foundation (SOSF). He is a senior fellow of the International League of Conservation Photographers and has been named as one of the 40 most influential nature photographers in the world.
Originally trained as a marine biologist, he retired from science fieldwork in 2004. He became an environmental photojournalist after realizing that he could have a greater conservation impact with photographs than statistics. Yet he remains rooted in marine science through his roles as Director of Conservation for SOSF and Founding/Associate Director of the Manta Trust.
Thomas has written and photographed five books: Currents of Contrast, Great White Shark, Wild Seas Secret Shores and Lost World. His latest book, Sharks and People, was released in 2013 and chronicles the relationship between people and sharks around the world.
He is a multiple winner in the BBC Wildlife Photographer of the Year Awards and in 2011 and 2013 he received World Press Photo Awards for his work.
Thomas Peschak | Speaker | TED.com