Sangeeta Bhatia: This tiny particle could roam your body to find tumors
סנגיטה בהטיה: החלקיק הזעיר הזה יכול לסייר בגוף שלכם ולמצוא גידולים
Sangeeta Bhatia is a cancer researcher, MIT professor and biotech entrepreneur who works to adapt technologies developed in the computer industry for medical innovation. Full bio
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to house one transistor,
the size of an entire room
revolution in computers.
to reduce the number of lives lost
כדי להפחית את מספר מקרי המוות
diseases on Earth:
בקצב הכי מהיר על כדור הארץ:
is that we're working on curing cancer.
הוא שאנחנו עובדים על האפשרות לרפא סרטן.
opportunity to save lives
and prevention of cancer.
due to cancer are fully preventable
בשל סרטן, ברות מניעה לחלוטין
have in hand today.
and technologies that we have today,
הטובים ביותר שיש לנו היום,
they've started growing,
cancer cells strong.
deadly cancers sooner,
היותר קטלניים, מוקדם יותר,
miniaturization might get us there.
אולי תוכל לעזור לנו פה.
for looking at a tissue specimen,
with years of specialized training
עם שנים של הכשרה מיוחדת
of mine at Rice University,
is miniaturize that whole microscope
זה להקטין את כל המיקרוסקופ
of an optical fiber.
of taking a sample from a patient
זה שבמקום לקחת דגימה מחולה
to the patient.
a specialist to look at the images,
normal versus cancerous cells.
לדרג תאים נורמליים מול סרטניים.
working in rural communities,
a mobile screening van
and perform exams
hospital for analysis,
with an abnormal test result
because they can't afford the trip.
להרשות לעצמן את הנסיעה.
and computer analysis,
have been able to create a van
and a treatment setup.
וגם את יכולת הטיפול.
is that they can do a diagnosis
miniaturization can save lives.
יכולה להציל חיים.
as straight-up miniaturization.
and you made it little.
for us to take them everywhere.
כדי לקחת אותם לכל מקום.
equivalent like that in medicine?
circulate in your body,
לנוע בתוך גופכם,
like science fiction.
allows us to do just that.
לעשות בדיוק את זה.
the parts that make up the detector
לכווץ את החלקים שיוצרים את הגלאי
actually change their properties
into gold nanoparticles,
gold to looking red.
like cadmium selenide --
כמו קדמיום סלנייד --
out of this material
yellow, orange, red,
like that in the macro world?
עצם כמו זה בעולם המאקרו?
in your closet are all made of cotton,
בארון שלכם עשויים כותנה,
depending only on their size.
the color of materials
in your body also changes.
that we're going to use
into the blood vessel
ננו חלקיקים לתוך תא הדם
from the bloodstream into the tumor.
of many tumors are leaky,
של הרבה גידולים דולפים,
from the bloodstream into the tumor.
מזרם הדם לתוך הגידול.
depends on their size.
blue nanoparticles are leaking out,
red nanoparticles
or small I make a material,
אנחנו עושים את החלקיק,
אליו הוא הולך בגוף.
a cancer nanodetector
into the body and look for tumors.
לתוך הגוף ולחפש גידולים.
for tumor invasion:
that tumors need to make to spread.
שגידולים צריכים ליצור כדי להתפשט.
of the tissue that it's born in,
the scaffolding of tissues.
to be activated by these enzymes.
על ידי האנזימים האלה.
of these chemical reactions in an hour.
אלפים מהתגובות הכימיות האלו בשעה.
that one-to-a-thousand ratio
יחס של אחד לאלף
cancer detector.
signal to the outside world,
את האותות המופעלים האלה לעולם החיצון,
one more piece of nanoscale biology,
בפיסה נוספת של ביולוגיה בקנה מידה ננומטרי,
and put waste into the urine.
ולהעביר את הפסולת לשתן.
than five nanometers
through the kidney, into the urine,
that's bigger is retained.
cancer detector,
בגודל 100 ננומטר,
where it's activated by tumor enzymes
שם הוא מופעל על ידי אנזימי הגידול
filtered out of the kidney
that I can detect.
that we designed as engineers.
and we can design them
ואנחנו יכולים לתכנן אותן
with our tool of choice.
sensitive, fancy instrument
with a unique mass.
that's more inexpensive and portable.
that we can trap on paper,
שיכולות להלכד על נייר,
world of paper tests
in a field called paper diagnostics.
to keep us pushing forward,
להמשיך לדחוף אותנו קדימה,
cancer researchers.
will happen with my technology,
שיקרה לטכנולוגיה שלי,
our hearts and souls
an expensive screening facility
on a smartphone.
have this working in mice,
כבר יש לנו את זה עובד בעכברים,
than existing methods
colon and ovarian cancer.
detect tumors in patients
after they've started growing,
to earlier treatments,
than we can today,
משאנחנו יכולים היום,
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Sangeeta Bhatia - Physician, bioengineer and entrepreneurSangeeta Bhatia is a cancer researcher, MIT professor and biotech entrepreneur who works to adapt technologies developed in the computer industry for medical innovation.
Why you should listen
Trained as both a physician and engineer at Harvard, MIT, and Brown University, Sangeeta Bhatia leverages 'tiny technologies' of miniaturization to yield inventions with new applications in tissue regeneration, stem cell differentiation, medical diagnostics, predictive toxicology and drug delivery. She and her trainees have launched more than 10 biotechnology companies to improve human health.
Bhatia has received many honors including the Lemelson-MIT Prize, known as the 'Oscar for inventors,' and the Heinz Medal for groundbreaking inventions and advocacy for women in STEM fields. She is a Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator, the Director of the Marble Center for Cancer Nanomedicine at the Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and an elected member of the National Academy of Engineering, the American Academy of Arts and Science and Brown University's Board of Trustees.
Sangeeta Bhatia | Speaker | TED.com