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Sangeeta Bhatia: This tiny particle could roam your body to find tumors
Sandžita Batia (Sangeeta Bhatia): Ova malena čestica bi mogla lutati po vašem telu u potrazi za tumorima
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Šta ako bismo mogli pronaći kancerogene tumore godinama pre no što nam mogu naškoditi, bez skupe opreme za skrining ili čak stabilne struje? Lekarka, bioinženjerka i preduzetnica, Sadžita Batia, vodi multidisciplinarnu laboratoriju u kojoj se traže novi načini za razumevanje, dijagnostiku i lečenje bolesti ljudi. Njena meta: dve trećine smrtnih slučajeva zbog raka za koje kaže da se mogu sprečiti. Izuzetno jasno, ona izlaže kompleksnu nauku o nanočesticama i deli svoj san o radikalnom novom testu za rak koji bi mogao spasiti milione života.
Sangeeta Bhatia - Physician, bioengineer and entrepreneur
Sangeeta Bhatia is a cancer researcher, MIT professor and biotech entrepreneur who works to adapt technologies developed in the computer industry for medical innovation. Full bio
Sangeeta Bhatia is a cancer researcher, MIT professor and biotech entrepreneur who works to adapt technologies developed in the computer industry for medical innovation. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
In the space that used
to house one transistor,
to house one transistor,
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U prostor koji je nekad bio potreban
da se smesti jedan tranzistor,
da se smesti jedan tranzistor,
00:16
we can now fit one billion.
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sad možemo smestiti jednu milijardu.
00:19
That made it so that a computer
the size of an entire room
the size of an entire room
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Tako kompjuter veličine čitave jedne sobe
00:23
now fits in your pocket.
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sad stane u vaš džep.
00:26
You might say the future is small.
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Može se reći da je budućnost mala.
00:29
As an engineer,
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Kao inženjer,
00:30
I'm inspired by this miniaturization
revolution in computers.
revolution in computers.
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nadahnuta sam ovom revolucijom
minijaturizacije kompjutera.
minijaturizacije kompjutera.
00:34
As a physician,
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Kao lekar,
00:36
I wonder whether we could use it
to reduce the number of lives lost
to reduce the number of lives lost
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pitam se da li je možemo upotrebiti
da smanjimo broj izgubljenih života
da smanjimo broj izgubljenih života
00:41
due to one of the fastest-growing
diseases on Earth:
diseases on Earth:
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zbog jedne od najraširenijih
bolesti na svetu:
bolesti na svetu:
00:46
cancer.
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raka.
00:47
Now when I say that,
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Kad to kažem,
00:48
what most people hear me say
is that we're working on curing cancer.
is that we're working on curing cancer.
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ono što mnogi pomisle jeste
da radimo na izlečenju raka.
da radimo na izlečenju raka.
00:52
And we are.
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I radimo.
00:53
But it turns out
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Međutim, ispostavlja se
00:55
that there's an incredible
opportunity to save lives
opportunity to save lives
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da postoji neverovatna mogućnost
da se spasu životi
da se spasu životi
00:57
through the early detection
and prevention of cancer.
and prevention of cancer.
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ranim otkrivanjem i prevencijom raka.
01:01
Worldwide, over two-thirds of deaths
due to cancer are fully preventable
due to cancer are fully preventable
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Širom sveta, preko dve trećine
smrti od raka su potpuno preventabilne
smrti od raka su potpuno preventabilne
01:07
using methods that we already
have in hand today.
have in hand today.
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uz pomoć metoda koje već danas
imamo na raspolaganju.
imamo na raspolaganju.
01:10
Things like vaccination, timely screening
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To su stvari poput vakcinacije,
pravovremenih pregleda
pravovremenih pregleda
01:13
and of course, stopping smoking.
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i, naravno, prestanka pušenja.
01:16
But even with the best tools
and technologies that we have today,
and technologies that we have today,
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Ipak, čak i uz pomoć najboljih alata
i tehnologija koje danas imamo,
i tehnologija koje danas imamo,
01:19
some tumors can't be detected
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neke tumore je nemoguće otkriti
01:22
until 10 years after
they've started growing,
they've started growing,
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sve do 10 godina
nakon što su počeli da rastu,
nakon što su počeli da rastu,
01:25
when they are 50 million
cancer cells strong.
cancer cells strong.
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kada su jačine 50 miliona
kancerogenih ćelija.
kancerogenih ćelija.
01:30
What if we had better technologies
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Šta ako bismo imali bolja sredstva
01:31
to detect some of these more
deadly cancers sooner,
deadly cancers sooner,
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za ranije otkrivanje
nekih od ovih smrtonosnih kancera,
nekih od ovih smrtonosnih kancera,
01:35
when they could be removed,
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dok ih je moguće ukloniti,
01:36
when they were just getting started?
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kad tek počnu da rastu?
01:38
Let me tell you about how
miniaturization might get us there.
miniaturization might get us there.
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Reći ću vam kako nas minijaturizacija
može dovesti do toga.
može dovesti do toga.
01:43
This is a microscope in a typical lab
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Ovo je mikroskop u tipičnoj laboratoriji
01:45
that a pathologist would use
for looking at a tissue specimen,
for looking at a tissue specimen,
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koji bi patolog koristio
za posmatranje uzorka nekog tkiva
za posmatranje uzorka nekog tkiva
01:49
like a biopsy or a pap smear.
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kao što su biopsija ili papa test.
01:51
This $7,000 microscope
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Ovaj mikroskop vredan 7 000 dolara
01:54
would be used by somebody
with years of specialized training
with years of specialized training
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koristio bi neko s dugogodišnjom
specijalističkom obukom
specijalističkom obukom
01:57
to spot cancer cells.
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da opaža ćelije raka.
02:00
This is an image from a colleague
of mine at Rice University,
of mine at Rice University,
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Ovo je slika od jedne moje koleginice
sa Univerziteta Rajs,
sa Univerziteta Rajs,
02:03
Rebecca Richards-Kortum.
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Rebeke Ričards Kortum.
02:04
What she and her team have done
is miniaturize that whole microscope
is miniaturize that whole microscope
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Ona i njen tim su smanjili
čitav taj mikroskop
čitav taj mikroskop
02:08
into this $10 part,
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na ovaj deo vredan deset dolara,
02:10
and it fits on the end
of an optical fiber.
of an optical fiber.
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koji staje na kraj jednog optičkog vlakna.
02:13
Now what that means is instead
of taking a sample from a patient
of taking a sample from a patient
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To znači da umesto uzimanja
uzorka od pacijenta
uzorka od pacijenta
02:17
and sending it to the microscope,
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i njegovog slanja pod mikroskop,
02:19
you can bring the microscope
to the patient.
to the patient.
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moguće je doneti mikroskop do pacijenta.
02:22
And then, instead of requiring
a specialist to look at the images,
a specialist to look at the images,
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A onda, umesto zahteva
da specijalista pogleda slike,
da specijalista pogleda slike,
02:26
you can train the computer to score
normal versus cancerous cells.
normal versus cancerous cells.
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moguće je obučiti kompjuter da obeleži
normalne ćelije naspram kancerogenih.
normalne ćelije naspram kancerogenih.
02:32
Now this is important,
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Ovo je važno,
02:33
because what they found
working in rural communities,
working in rural communities,
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jer ono što su otkrili
radeći u ruralnim zajednicama,
radeći u ruralnim zajednicama,
02:36
is that even when they have
a mobile screening van
a mobile screening van
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jeste da, čak i kad postoji
pokretni kombi za preglede
pokretni kombi za preglede
02:39
that can go out into the community
and perform exams
and perform exams
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kojim se može otići na teren
i izvršiti pregled
i izvršiti pregled
02:42
and collect samples
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i sakupiti uzorci
02:43
and send them to the central
hospital for analysis,
hospital for analysis,
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koji se šalju na analizu
u centralnu bolnicu,
u centralnu bolnicu,
02:47
that days later,
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nekoliko dana kasnije,
02:48
women get a call
with an abnormal test result
with an abnormal test result
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žene dobiju poziv zbog
abnormalnih rezultata testa
abnormalnih rezultata testa
02:51
and they're asked to come in.
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i zamole ih da dođu.
02:52
Fully half of them don't turn up
because they can't afford the trip.
because they can't afford the trip.
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Polovina njih se ne pojavi
jer ne mogu da priušte put.
jer ne mogu da priušte put.
02:57
With the integrated microscope
and computer analysis,
and computer analysis,
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Uz pomoć integrisanog mikroskopa
i kompjuterske analize,
i kompjuterske analize,
03:01
Rebecca and her colleagues
have been able to create a van
have been able to create a van
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Rebeka i njene kolege
su uspeli da naprave kombi
su uspeli da naprave kombi
03:04
that has both a diagnostic setup
and a treatment setup.
and a treatment setup.
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koji ima opremu
i za dijagnostiku i za lečenje.
i za dijagnostiku i za lečenje.
03:07
And what that means
is that they can do a diagnosis
is that they can do a diagnosis
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To znači da mogu da postave dijagnozu
03:10
and perform therapy on the spot,
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i daju terapiju na licu mesta,
03:13
so no one is lost to follow up.
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tako da nikog ne izgube
u pratećem postupku.
u pratećem postupku.
03:15
That's just one example of how
miniaturization can save lives.
miniaturization can save lives.
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To je samo jedan primer
kako minijaturizacija može spasiti živote.
kako minijaturizacija može spasiti živote.
03:20
Now as engineers,
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Kao inženjeri,
03:21
we think of this
as straight-up miniaturization.
as straight-up miniaturization.
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o ovom razmišljamo
kao o direktnoj minijaturizaciji.
kao o direktnoj minijaturizaciji.
03:24
You took a big thing
and you made it little.
and you made it little.
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Uzmemo jednu veliku stvar
i načinimo je malom.
i načinimo je malom.
03:26
But what I told you before about computers
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Ono što sam vam ranije rekla za kompjutere
03:28
was that they transformed our lives
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jeste da su nam oni transformisali živote
03:31
when they became small enough
for us to take them everywhere.
for us to take them everywhere.
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onda kad su postali dovoljno mali
da bismo ih mogli svuda poneti.
da bismo ih mogli svuda poneti.
03:35
So what is the transformational
equivalent like that in medicine?
equivalent like that in medicine?
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Koji je transformacioni ekvivalent
tome u medicini?
tome u medicini?
03:40
Well, what if you had a detector
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Šta ako bismo imali detektor
03:43
that was so small that it could
circulate in your body,
circulate in your body,
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koji bi bio toliko mali
da može da kruži u našem telu,
da može da kruži u našem telu,
03:47
find the tumor all by itself
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sam pronađe tumor
03:50
and send a signal to the outside world?
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i pošalje signal u spoljašnji svet?
03:53
It sounds a little bit
like science fiction.
like science fiction.
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Pomalo zvuči kao naučna fantastika,
03:55
But actually, nanotechnology
allows us to do just that.
allows us to do just that.
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ali u stvari, nanotehnologija
nam upravo to omogućava.
nam upravo to omogućava.
03:59
Nanotechnology allows us to shrink
the parts that make up the detector
the parts that make up the detector
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Nanotehnologija nam dopušta da smanjimo
delove koji sačinjavaju detektor
delove koji sačinjavaju detektor
04:04
from the width of a human hair,
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sa širine ljudske dlake,
04:06
which is 100 microns,
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što iznosi sto mikrona,
04:07
to a thousand times smaller,
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na hiljadu puta manju veličinu,
04:10
which is 100 nanometers.
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što iznosi sto nanometara,
04:12
And that has profound implications.
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a to ima dalekosežne implikacije.
04:15
It turns out that materials
actually change their properties
actually change their properties
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Ispostavlja se da materijali
zapravo menjaju svoja svojstva
zapravo menjaju svoja svojstva
04:19
at the nanoscale.
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na nanoskali.
04:21
You take a common material like gold,
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Ako uzmemo običan materijal poput zlata
04:23
and you grind it into dust,
into gold nanoparticles,
into gold nanoparticles,
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i sameljemo ga u prah,
u zlatne nanočestice,
u zlatne nanočestice,
04:27
and it changes from looking
gold to looking red.
gold to looking red.
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promeniće izgled od zlatnog u crveni.
04:31
If you take a more exotic material
like cadmium selenide --
like cadmium selenide --
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Ako uzmemo egzotičniji materijal
poput kadmijum selenida
poput kadmijum selenida
04:34
forms a big, black crystal --
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u formi velikog crnog kristala,
04:37
if you make nanocrystals
out of this material
out of this material
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ako napravimo nanokristale
od ovog materijala,
od ovog materijala,
04:39
and you put it in a liquid,
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stavimo to u tečnost
04:41
and you shine light on it,
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i osvetlimo,
04:43
they glow.
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on sija.
04:44
And they glow blue, green,
yellow, orange, red,
yellow, orange, red,
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Sija plavo, zeleno, žuto,
narandžasto, crveno,
narandžasto, crveno,
04:50
depending only on their size.
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isključivo u zavisnosti od veličine.
04:52
It's wild! Can you imagine an object
like that in the macro world?
like that in the macro world?
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Potpuno ludo! Možete li zamisliti
takav predmet u makro svetu?
takav predmet u makro svetu?
04:56
It would be like all the denim jeans
in your closet are all made of cotton,
in your closet are all made of cotton,
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Kao kad bi sve farmerice u vašem ormanu
bile napravljene od pamuka
bile napravljene od pamuka
05:03
but they are different colors
depending only on their size.
depending only on their size.
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ali bi bile različite boje, isključivo
u zavisnosti od njihove veličine.
u zavisnosti od njihove veličine.
05:08
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
05:10
So as a physician,
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Kao lekaru,
05:12
what's just as interesting to me
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ono što mi je jednako zanimljivo
05:14
is that it's not just
the color of materials
the color of materials
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jeste to da nije samo boja materijala
05:17
that changes at the nanoscale;
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koja se menja na nanoskali,
05:19
the way they travel
in your body also changes.
in your body also changes.
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već se menja i način
na koji putuju po telu.
na koji putuju po telu.
05:23
And this is the kind of observation
that we're going to use
that we're going to use
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Ovu vrstu opažanja ćemo upotrebiti
05:25
to make a better cancer detector.
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da napravimo bolji detektor za rak.
05:28
So let me show you what I mean.
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Pokazaću vam šta hoću da kažem.
05:30
This is a blood vessel in the body.
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Ovo je krvni sud u telu.
05:32
Surrounding the blood vessel is a tumor.
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Tumor okružuje krvni sud.
05:35
We're going to inject nanoparticles
into the blood vessel
into the blood vessel
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Ubrizgaćemo nanočestice u taj krvni sud
05:38
and watch how they travel
from the bloodstream into the tumor.
from the bloodstream into the tumor.
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i posmatrati kako putuju
iz krvotoka u tumor.
iz krvotoka u tumor.
05:43
Now it turns out that the blood vessels
of many tumors are leaky,
of many tumors are leaky,
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Ispostavlja se da su krvni sudovi
mnogih tumora propustljivi
mnogih tumora propustljivi
05:47
and so nanoparticles can leak out
from the bloodstream into the tumor.
from the bloodstream into the tumor.
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i tako nanočestice mogu iscuriti
iz krvotoka u tumor.
iz krvotoka u tumor.
05:52
Whether they leak out
depends on their size.
depends on their size.
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Da li će iscuriti zavisi
od njihove veličine.
od njihove veličine.
05:56
So in this image,
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Na ovoj slici,
05:57
the smaller, hundred-nanometer,
blue nanoparticles are leaking out,
blue nanoparticles are leaking out,
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manje, plave čestice
od sto nanometara cure,
od sto nanometara cure,
06:01
and the larger, 500-nanometer,
red nanoparticles
red nanoparticles
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dok veće, crvene nanočestice
od 500 nanometara
od 500 nanometara
06:05
are stuck in the bloodstream.
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ostaju zaglavljene u krvotoku.
06:06
So that means as an engineer,
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To znači da kao inženjer,
06:09
depending on how big
or small I make a material,
or small I make a material,
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u zavisnosti od toga koliko velikim
ili malim napravim materijal,
ili malim napravim materijal,
06:13
I can change where it goes in your body.
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mogu da odredim
kuda će on otići u vašem telu.
kuda će on otići u vašem telu.
06:17
In my lab, we recently made
a cancer nanodetector
a cancer nanodetector
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U mojoj laboratoriji,
nedavno smo napravili nanodetektor raka
nedavno smo napravili nanodetektor raka
06:21
that is so small that it could travel
into the body and look for tumors.
into the body and look for tumors.
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koji je toliko mali da može
da putuje po telu i traži tumore.
da putuje po telu i traži tumore.
06:27
We designed it to listen
for tumor invasion:
for tumor invasion:
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Koncipirali smo ga tako
da traži invaziju tumora:
da traži invaziju tumora:
06:31
the orchestra of chemical signals
that tumors need to make to spread.
that tumors need to make to spread.
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skup hemijskih signala koje tumori
moraju da odaju da bi se širili.
moraju da odaju da bi se širili.
06:36
For a tumor to break out
of the tissue that it's born in,
of the tissue that it's born in,
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Da bi se tumor proširio
van tkiva na kom je rođen,
van tkiva na kom je rođen,
06:39
it has to make chemicals called enzymes
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mora da proizvede hemikalije
po imenu enzimi
po imenu enzimi
06:42
to chew through
the scaffolding of tissues.
the scaffolding of tissues.
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da bi progrizao svoj put kroz tkiva.
06:45
We designed these nanoparticles
to be activated by these enzymes.
to be activated by these enzymes.
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Napravili smo ove nanočestice
tako da ih ovi enzimi aktiviraju.
tako da ih ovi enzimi aktiviraju.
06:51
One enzyme can activate a thousand
of these chemical reactions in an hour.
of these chemical reactions in an hour.
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Jedan enzim može aktivirati
hiljadu ovakvih hemijskih reakcija na sat.
hiljadu ovakvih hemijskih reakcija na sat.
06:57
Now in engineering, we call
that one-to-a-thousand ratio
that one-to-a-thousand ratio
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U inženjeringu, to nazivamo
odnosom jedan prema hiljadu,
odnosom jedan prema hiljadu,
07:01
a form of amplification,
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to je vrsta uvećanja
07:02
and it makes something ultrasensitive.
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koja čini nešto izuzetno osetljivim.
07:04
So we've made an ultrasensitive
cancer detector.
cancer detector.
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Tako smo napravili
izuzetno osetljivi detektor raka.
izuzetno osetljivi detektor raka.
07:09
OK, but how do I get this activated
signal to the outside world,
signal to the outside world,
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U redu, ali kako ovaj aktivirani signal
dovodimo do spoljašnjeg sveta
dovodimo do spoljašnjeg sveta
07:14
where I can act on it?
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gde možemo preduzeti nešto?
07:15
For this, we're going to use
one more piece of nanoscale biology,
one more piece of nanoscale biology,
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Za ovo, upotrebićemo
još jedan deo biologije na nanoskali
još jedan deo biologije na nanoskali
07:19
and that has to do with the kidney.
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koji ima veze s bubrezima.
07:21
The kidney is a filter.
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Bubreg je filter.
07:23
Its job is to filter out the blood
and put waste into the urine.
and put waste into the urine.
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Posao mu je da filtrira krv
i otpatke pošalje u urin.
i otpatke pošalje u urin.
07:29
It turns out that what the kidney filters
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Ispostavlja se
da ono što bubrezi isfiltriraju
da ono što bubrezi isfiltriraju
07:31
is also dependent on size.
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takođe zavisi od veličine.
07:34
So in this image, what you can see
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Na ovoj slici, možete videti
07:36
is that everything smaller
than five nanometers
than five nanometers
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da sve ono što je manje od pet nanometara
07:39
is going from the blood,
through the kidney, into the urine,
through the kidney, into the urine,
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ide iz krvi, kroz bubreg, u urin,
07:44
and everything else
that's bigger is retained.
that's bigger is retained.
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a sve drugo što je veće, ostaje.
07:47
OK, so if I make a 100-nanometer
cancer detector,
cancer detector,
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Dakle, ako napravim detektor za rak
od sto nanometara
od sto nanometara
07:52
I inject it in the bloodstream,
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i ubrizgam ga u krvotok,
07:54
it can leak into the tumor
where it's activated by tumor enzymes
where it's activated by tumor enzymes
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on može da prodre u tumor
gde ga aktiviraju enzimi tumora
gde ga aktiviraju enzimi tumora
08:00
to release a small signal
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da bi otpustio mali signal
08:02
that is small enough to be
filtered out of the kidney
filtered out of the kidney
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koji je dovoljno mali
da bi ga bubreg isfiltrirao
da bi ga bubreg isfiltrirao
08:05
and put into the urine,
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i poslao u urin.
08:07
I have a signal in the outside world
that I can detect.
that I can detect.
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Imam signal u spoljnom svetu
koji mogu detektovati.
koji mogu detektovati.
08:12
OK, but there's one more problem.
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U redu, ali postoji još jedan problem.
08:14
This is a tiny little signal,
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Ovo je maleni signal,
08:16
so how do I detect it?
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pa kako ću ga onda otkriti?
08:18
Well, the signal is just a molecule.
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Signal je samo jedan molekul.
08:20
They're molecules
that we designed as engineers.
that we designed as engineers.
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To su molekuli
koje smo napravili kao inženjeri.
koje smo napravili kao inženjeri.
08:23
They're completely synthetic,
and we can design them
and we can design them
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Oni su u potpunosti sintetički
i možemo ih koncipirati
i možemo ih koncipirati
08:26
so they are compatible
with our tool of choice.
with our tool of choice.
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tako da budu kompatibilni
sa alatom po našem izboru.
sa alatom po našem izboru.
08:30
If we want to use a really
sensitive, fancy instrument
sensitive, fancy instrument
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Ako želimo da koristimo stvarno osetljiv,
luksuzni instrument
luksuzni instrument
08:33
called a mass spectrometer,
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koji se zove maseni spektometar,
08:35
then we make a molecule
with a unique mass.
with a unique mass.
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onda ćemo napraviti
molekul jedinstvene mase.
molekul jedinstvene mase.
08:38
Or maybe we want make something
that's more inexpensive and portable.
that's more inexpensive and portable.
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Ili želimo da napravimo
nešto manje skupo, a prenosivo.
nešto manje skupo, a prenosivo.
08:42
Then we make molecules
that we can trap on paper,
that we can trap on paper,
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Onda ćemo napraviti molekule
koje možemo zadržati na papiru,
koje možemo zadržati na papiru,
08:46
like a pregnancy test.
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poput testa za trudnoću.
08:47
In fact, there's a whole
world of paper tests
world of paper tests
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U stvari, postoji čitav svet
papirnih testova
papirnih testova
08:50
that are becoming available
in a field called paper diagnostics.
in a field called paper diagnostics.
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koji postaju dostupni u oblasti
koja se zove papirna dijagnostika.
koja se zove papirna dijagnostika.
08:55
Alright, where are we going with this?
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U redu, kud nas ovo vodi?
08:58
What I'm going to tell you next,
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Ono što ću vam sledeće reći,
09:00
as a lifelong researcher,
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kao dugogodišnji istraživač,
09:02
represents a dream of mine.
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predstavlja moj san.
09:04
I can't say that's it's a promise;
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Ne mogu reći da je to obećanje;
09:06
it's a dream.
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to je san.
09:08
But I think we all have to have dreams
to keep us pushing forward,
to keep us pushing forward,
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No, mislim da svi moramo imati snove
koji će nas terati napred,
koji će nas terati napred,
09:11
even -- and maybe especially --
cancer researchers.
cancer researchers.
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čak i - ili možda, naročito -
istraživači raka.
istraživači raka.
09:15
I'm going to tell you what I hope
will happen with my technology,
will happen with my technology,
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Reći ću vam šta se nadam
da će se desiti s mojom tehnologijom
da će se desiti s mojom tehnologijom
09:19
that my team and I will put
our hearts and souls
our hearts and souls
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čemu ćemo se moj tim i ja
i srcem i dušom posvetiti
i srcem i dušom posvetiti
09:23
into making a reality.
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da bi postalo stvarnost.
09:25
OK, here goes.
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Dakle, evo ga.
09:27
I dream that one day,
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Sanjam da će jednog dana,
09:30
instead of going into
an expensive screening facility
an expensive screening facility
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umesto odlaska
u skupu ustanovu za skrining
u skupu ustanovu za skrining
09:33
to get a colonoscopy,
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da bi se uradila kolonoskopija,
09:35
or a mammogram,
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mamogram
09:36
or a pap smear,
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ili papa test,
09:38
that you could get a shot,
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da ćemo moći dobiti injekciju,
09:40
wait an hour,
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sačekati sat vremena
09:42
and do a urine test on a paper strip.
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i uraditi test urina pomoću papirne trake.
09:45
I imagine that this could even happen
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Mislim da se ovo može uraditi
09:48
without the need for steady electricity,
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čak i bez potrebe za stabilnom strujom
09:51
or a medical professional in the room.
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ili medicinskim osobljem u prostoriji.
09:53
Maybe they could be far away
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Možda bi oni mogli biti daleko
09:55
and connected only by the image
on a smartphone.
on a smartphone.
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i povezani samo slikom
na pametnom telefonu.
na pametnom telefonu.
09:58
Now I know this sounds like a dream,
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Znam da ovo zvuči kao san,
ali u laboratoriji
ovo već funkcioniše na miševima,
ovo već funkcioniše na miševima,
10:00
but in the lab we already
have this working in mice,
have this working in mice,
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10:03
where it works better
than existing methods
than existing methods
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funkcioniše bolje od postojećih metoda
10:05
for the detection of lung,
colon and ovarian cancer.
colon and ovarian cancer.
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za otkrivanje raka pluća,
debelog creva i jajnika.
debelog creva i jajnika.
10:10
And I hope that what this means
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Nadam se da ovo znači
10:12
is that one day we can
detect tumors in patients
detect tumors in patients
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da ćemo jednog dana
moći otkrivati tumore kod pacijenata
moći otkrivati tumore kod pacijenata
10:18
sooner than 10 years
after they've started growing,
after they've started growing,
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pre nego što prođe deset godina
od početka njihovog rasta,
od početka njihovog rasta,
10:21
in all walks of life,
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u svim slojevima društva,
10:23
all around the globe,
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širom sveta,
10:25
and that this would lead
to earlier treatments,
to earlier treatments,
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a da će ovo dovesti do ranijeg lečenja,
10:28
and that we could save more lives
than we can today,
than we can today,
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i da ćemo moći spasiti više života
nego što možemo danas,
nego što možemo danas,
10:31
with early detection.
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ranim otkrivanjem.
10:33
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
10:34
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Sangeeta Bhatia - Physician, bioengineer and entrepreneurSangeeta Bhatia is a cancer researcher, MIT professor and biotech entrepreneur who works to adapt technologies developed in the computer industry for medical innovation.
Why you should listen
Trained as both a physician and engineer at Harvard, MIT, and Brown University, Sangeeta Bhatia leverages 'tiny technologies' of miniaturization to yield inventions with new applications in tissue regeneration, stem cell differentiation, medical diagnostics, predictive toxicology and drug delivery. She and her trainees have launched more than 10 biotechnology companies to improve human health.
Bhatia has received many honors including the Lemelson-MIT Prize, known as the 'Oscar for inventors,' and the Heinz Medal for groundbreaking inventions and advocacy for women in STEM fields. She is a Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator, the Director of the Marble Center for Cancer Nanomedicine at the Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and an elected member of the National Academy of Engineering, the American Academy of Arts and Science and Brown University's Board of Trustees.
Sangeeta Bhatia | Speaker | TED.com