TED2018
Essam Daod: How we can bring mental health support to refugees
Essam Daod: Kako možemo izbjeglicama omogućiti pomoć za mentalno zdravlje
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Globalna izbjeglička kriza je katastrofa za mentalno zdravlje, ostavljajući milijune u potrebi za psihološkom pomoći kako bi svladali traume preseljenja i sukoba. Kako bi popravio štetu, dječji psihijatar i TED Fellow Essam Daod radi u kampovima, na spasilačkim brodovima i obalama Grčke na Mediteranu kako bi pomogao izbjeglicama (od kojih su četvrtina djeca), kako bi promijenio njihovo iskustvo kroz kratke, snažne psihološke intervencije. "Svi možemo učiniti nešto da spriječimo ovu katastrofu," kaže Daod. "Moramo prihvatiti da prva pomoć nije potrebna samo za tijelo, već mora uključivati um, dušu."
Essam Daod - Mental health specialist
Essam Doad provides first response mental health interventions to refugees and displaced populations. Full bio
Essam Doad provides first response mental health interventions to refugees and displaced populations. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
For the last two and a half years,
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Posljednje dvije i pol godine,
00:15
I'm one of the few, if not the only,
child psychiatrist
child psychiatrist
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ja sam jedan od nekoliko,
ako ne i jedini dječji psihijatar
ako ne i jedini dječji psihijatar
00:19
operating in refugee camps,
shorelines and rescue boats
shorelines and rescue boats
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koji radi u izbjegličkim kampovima,
na obali i na spasilačkim brodovima
na obali i na spasilačkim brodovima
00:22
in Greece and the Mediterranean Sea.
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u Grčkoj i na Mediteranu.
00:25
And I can say, with great confidence,
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I mogu reći, s velikom sigurnošću,
00:27
that we are witnessing
a mental-health catastrophe
a mental-health catastrophe
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da svjedočimo katastrofi
mentalnog zdravlja
mentalnog zdravlja
00:31
that will affect most of us,
and it will change our world.
and it will change our world.
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koja će utjecati na većinu nas
i promijeniti naš svijet.
i promijeniti naš svijet.
00:35
I live in Haifa, but nowadays,
I spend most of my time abroad.
I spend most of my time abroad.
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Živim u Haifi, ali većinom
sam u inozemstvu.
sam u inozemstvu.
00:40
During my time
on the Greek island of Lesbos
on the Greek island of Lesbos
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Za vrijeme mog boravka
na grčkom otoku Lesbos
na grčkom otoku Lesbos
00:43
and on the rescue boats
in the Mediterranean,
in the Mediterranean,
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i na spasilačkim brodovima u Mediteranu,
00:45
thousands of refugee boats
arrived to the shoreline,
arrived to the shoreline,
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tisuće izbjegličkih brodova
došlo je na obalu,
došlo je na obalu,
00:48
crowded with more
than 1.5 million refugees.
than 1.5 million refugees.
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prevozeći više od 1,5 milijuna izbjeglica.
00:52
One-fourth of them are children,
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Četvrtina njih su djeca
00:54
fleeing war and hardship.
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koja bježe od rata i nevolja.
00:56
Each boat carries
different sufferings and traumas
different sufferings and traumas
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Svaki brod nosi različite traume i patnje
00:59
from Syria, Iraq, Afganistan
and different countries in Africa.
and different countries in Africa.
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iz Sirije, Iraka, Afganistana
i raznih zemalja Afrike.
i raznih zemalja Afrike.
01:04
In the last three years alone,
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Samo u posljednje tri godine,
01:05
more than 12,000 refugees
lost their lives.
lost their lives.
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više od 12 000 izbjeglica
izgubilo je živote.
izgubilo je živote.
01:09
And hundreds of thousands
lost their souls and their mental health
lost their souls and their mental health
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I stotine tisuća izgubilo je
duševno i mentalno zdravlje
duševno i mentalno zdravlje
01:13
due to this cruel
and traumatic experience.
and traumatic experience.
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zbog ovog okrutnog
i traumatičnog iskustva.
i traumatičnog iskustva.
01:17
I want to tell you about Omar,
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Želim vam pričati o Omaru,
01:19
a five-year-old Syrian refugee boy
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petogodišnjem izbjeglici iz Sirije,
01:21
who arrived to the shore on Lesbos
on a crowded rubber boat.
on a crowded rubber boat.
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koji je stigao na obale Lesbosa
u prepunom gumenom čamcu.
u prepunom gumenom čamcu.
01:26
Crying, frightened, unable to understand
what's happening to him,
what's happening to him,
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Uplakan, preplašen, nije razumio
što mu se događa,
što mu se događa,
01:29
he was right on the verge
of developing a new trauma.
of developing a new trauma.
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bio je na rubu razvitka nove traume.
01:33
I knew right away
that this was a golden hour,
that this was a golden hour,
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Znao sam odmah
da je ovo bio tzv. zlatni sat,
da je ovo bio tzv. zlatni sat,
01:35
a short period of time
in which I could change his story,
in which I could change his story,
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kratko razdoblje u kojem
mogu izmijeniti njegovu priču.
mogu izmijeniti njegovu priču.
01:39
I could change the story
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Mogu izmijeniti priču
01:41
that he would tell himself
for the rest of his life.
for the rest of his life.
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koju će si pričati ostatak svoga života.
01:43
I could reframe his memories.
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Mogu preoblikovati njegova sjećanja.
01:47
I quickly held out my hands
and said to his shaking mother in Arabic,
and said to his shaking mother in Arabic,
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Ispružio sam ruke
i rekao njegovoj majci na arapskom,
i rekao njegovoj majci na arapskom,
01:52
(Arabic) "Ateeni elwalad o khudi nafas."
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(Arapski) "Ateeni elwalad
o khudi nafas."
o khudi nafas."
01:54
"Give me the boy,
and take a breath."
and take a breath."
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"Daj mi dječaka i udahni."
01:56
His mother gave him to me.
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Majka mi ga je dala.
01:59
Omar looked at me with scared,
tearful eyes and said,
tearful eyes and said,
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Omar me pogledao uplašenim,
suznim očima i rekao,
suznim očima i rekao,
02:03
(Arabic) "Ammo (uncle in Arabic),
shu hada?"
shu hada?"
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(Arapski) "Ammo
(ujak na arapskom) shu hada?"
(ujak na arapskom) shu hada?"
02:06
"What is this?"
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"Što je ovo?"
02:07
as he pointed out to the police
helicopter hovering above us.
helicopter hovering above us.
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dok je pokazivao na
policijski helikopter iznad nas.
policijski helikopter iznad nas.
02:12
"It's a helicopter!
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"To je helikopter!
02:13
It's here to photograph you
with big cameras,
with big cameras,
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Tu je da bi te uslikao velikim kamerama,
02:15
because only the great
and the powerful heroes,
and the powerful heroes,
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jer samo veliki i snažni junaci,
02:18
like you, Omar, can cross the sea."
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poput tebe, Omare, mogu preći more."
02:22
Omar looked at me,
stopped crying and asked me,
stopped crying and asked me,
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Omar me pogledao,
prestao plakati i pitao me,
prestao plakati i pitao me,
02:27
(Arabic) "Ana batal?"
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(Arapski) "Ana batal?"
02:28
"I'm a hero?"
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"Ja sam junak?"
02:32
I talked to Omar for 15 minutes.
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Pričao sam s Omarom 15 minuta.
02:34
And I gave his parents
some guidance to follow.
some guidance to follow.
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I dao sam njegovim roditeljima
neke naputke za dalje.
neke naputke za dalje.
02:37
This short psychological intervention
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Ova kratka psihološka intervencija
02:39
decreases the prevalence
of post-traumatic stress disorder
of post-traumatic stress disorder
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smanjuje rasprostranjenost
posttraumatskog stresnog poremećaja
posttraumatskog stresnog poremećaja
02:42
and other mental health
issues in the future,
issues in the future,
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i ostalih budućih problema
s mentalnim zdravljem,
s mentalnim zdravljem,
02:45
preparing Omar to get an education,
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pripremajući Omara za obrazovanje,
02:47
join the workforce,
raise a family and beyond.
raise a family and beyond.
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pridruživanje radnoj snazi,
zasnivanje obitelji i drugo.
zasnivanje obitelji i drugo.
02:50
How?
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Kako?
02:51
By stimulating the good memories
that will be stored in the amygdala,
that will be stored in the amygdala,
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Stimulirajući dobra sjećanja
koja će biti pohranjena u amigdali,
koja će biti pohranjena u amigdali,
02:55
the emotional storage of the human brain.
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emocionalnom spremištu mozga.
02:57
These memories
will fight the traumatic ones,
will fight the traumatic ones,
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Ova sjećanja borit će se s traumatičnima
02:59
if they are reactivated in the future.
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ako su ponovno aktivirana u budućnosti.
03:02
To Omar, the smell of the sea
will not just remind him
will not just remind him
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Za Omara, miris mora
neće ga podsjećati samo
neće ga podsjećati samo
03:05
of his traumatic journey from Syria.
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na njegov traumatični put iz Sirije.
03:07
Because to Omar, this story
is now a story of bravery.
is now a story of bravery.
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Jer za Omara, to je sada
priča o hrabrosti.
priča o hrabrosti.
03:12
This is the power of the golden hour,
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Ovo je moć "zlatnog sata",
03:14
which can reframe the trauma
and establish a new narrative.
and establish a new narrative.
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koji može preobličiti traumu
i uspostaviti novu priču.
i uspostaviti novu priču.
03:19
But Omar is only one
out of more than 350,000 children
out of more than 350,000 children
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Ali Omar je samo jedno
od više od 350 000 djece
od više od 350 000 djece
03:25
without the proper mental health support
in this crisis alone.
in this crisis alone.
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bez prave podrške mentalnom zdravlju
samo u ovoj krizi.
samo u ovoj krizi.
03:30
Three hundred and fifty
thousand children and me.
thousand children and me.
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350 000 djece i ja.
03:36
We need mental health professionals
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Trebamo profesionalce za mentalno zdravlje
03:38
to join rescue teams
during times of active crisis.
during times of active crisis.
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koji će se pridružiti timovima
za vrijeme aktivnih kriza.
za vrijeme aktivnih kriza.
03:42
This is why my wife and I and friends
co-founded "Humanity Crew."
co-founded "Humanity Crew."
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Zato smo moja žena, moji prijatelji i ja
osnovali "Humanity Crew."
osnovali "Humanity Crew."
03:48
One of the few aid
organizations in the world
organizations in the world
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Jednu od nekolicine organizacija u svijetu
03:50
that specializes in providing
psychosocial aid
psychosocial aid
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koja se specijalizira za pružanje
psihološke pomoći
psihološke pomoći
i prve pomoći u intervencijama
vezanim uz mentalno zdravlje
vezanim uz mentalno zdravlje
03:52
and first-response
mental health interventions
mental health interventions
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03:55
to refugees and displaced populations.
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izbjeglicama i preseljenim zajednicama.
03:58
To provide them
with a suitable intervention,
with a suitable intervention,
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Kako bismo im pružili
odgovarajuću intervenciju,
odgovarajuću intervenciju,
04:01
we create the four-step approach,
a psychosocial work plan
a psychosocial work plan
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stvaramo pristup od četiri koraka,
psihosocijalni radni plan
psihosocijalni radni plan
04:04
that follows the refugees
on each step of their journey.
on each step of their journey.
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koji prati izbjeglice na svakom koraku
njihova putovanja.
njihova putovanja.
04:08
Starting inside the sea,
on the rescue boats,
on the rescue boats,
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Počinje na moru,
na brodovima za spašavanje,
na brodovima za spašavanje,
04:12
as mental health lifeguards.
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kao spasioci za mentalno zdravlje.
04:14
Later in the camps, hospitals
and through our online clinic
and through our online clinic
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Kasnije u kampovima, bolnicama
i kroz našu online kliniku
i kroz našu online kliniku
04:19
that breaks down borders
and overcomes languages.
and overcomes languages.
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koja ruši granice i svladava jezike.
04:22
And ending in the asylum countries,
helping them integrate.
helping them integrate.
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I završava u zemljama azila,
pomažući im da se integriraju.
pomažući im da se integriraju.
04:26
Since our first mission in 2015,
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Od naše prve misije 2015.
04:29
"Humanity Crew" had 194 delegations
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"Humanity Crew" imao je 194 delegacije
04:32
of qualified, trained
volunteers and therapists.
volunteers and therapists.
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kvalificiranih, treniranih
volontera i terapeuta.
volontera i terapeuta.
04:35
We have provided 26,000 hours
of mental health support
of mental health support
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Pružili smo više od 26 000 sati
pomoći za mentalno zdravlje
pomoći za mentalno zdravlje
04:39
to over 10,000 refugees.
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preko 10 000 izbjeglica.
04:42
We can all do something
to prevent this mental health catastrophe.
to prevent this mental health catastrophe.
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Svi možemo učiniti nešto
kako bismo spriječili ovu katastrofu.
kako bismo spriječili ovu katastrofu.
04:47
We need to acknowledge that first aid
is not just needed for the body,
is not just needed for the body,
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Trebamo prihvatiti da prva pomoć
nije potrebna samo tijelu,
nije potrebna samo tijelu,
04:52
but it has also to include
the mind, the soul.
the mind, the soul.
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već treba uključivati um i dušu.
04:55
The impact on the soul is hardly visible,
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Utjecaj na dušu je jedva vidljiv,
04:57
but the damage can be there for life.
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ali šteta može biti doživotna.
05:00
Let's not forget that what
distinguishes us humans from machines
distinguishes us humans from machines
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Ne zaboravimo da je ono
što razlikuje ljude od strojeva
što razlikuje ljude od strojeva
05:05
is the beautiful
and the delicate soul within us.
and the delicate soul within us.
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naša prekrasna i osjetljiva duša u nama.
05:10
Let's try harder to save more Omars.
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Potrudimo se spasiti više Omara.
05:13
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
05:14
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
05:18
(Cheers)
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(Povici)
05:20
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Essam Daod - Mental health specialistEssam Doad provides first response mental health interventions to refugees and displaced populations.
Why you should listen
In 2015, child psychiatrist Essam Daod was a volunteer doctor on the Greek island of Lesbos, where he witnessed the unspeakable suffering and trauma of thousands of refugees arriving from the Middle East, Asia and Africa. “I left the island wondering how these people can handle all this loss and trauma without any kind of psychosocial support,” he remembers. So, Daod founded the humanitarian aid agency Humanity Crew in 2015 with his wife Maria Jammal to provide such support. With an operating base in Greece, Humanity Crew recruits, trains and deploys mental health professionals and qualified volunteers to deliver psychosocial services to refugees and displaced populations in an effort to improve refugee well-being and prevent further psychological trauma. Leading research in the field of refugee mental health, Humanity Crew ultimately hopes to raise the profile of mental health care as a fundamental aspect of emergency humanitarian crisis response.
Essam Daod | Speaker | TED.com