TEDxBrussels
Mikko Hypponen: How the NSA betrayed the world's trust -- time to act
Mikko Hypponen: Kako je NSA izdala povjerenje svijeta -- vrijeme za djelovanje
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Nedavni događaji istaknuli su činjenicu da SAD provodi sveobuhvatno nadziranje svakog stranca čiji podaci prođu kroz Ameriku - bilo da ih se sumnjiči za krivična djela ili ne. To u suštini znači da se promatra svakog međunarodnog korisnika interneta, tvrdi Mikko Hypponen. Značajan, bombastičan govor uvijen u molbu: pronaći alternativna rješenja za korištenje američkih tvrtki kako bi se zadovoljile svjetske potrebe za informacijama.
Mikko Hypponen - Cybersecurity expert
As computer access expands, Mikko Hypponen asks: What's the next killer virus, and will the world be able to cope with it? And also: How can we protect digital privacy in the age of government surveillance? Full bio
As computer access expands, Mikko Hypponen asks: What's the next killer virus, and will the world be able to cope with it? And also: How can we protect digital privacy in the age of government surveillance? Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
The two most likely largest inventions
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Dva najvjerojatnije najveća izuma
00:17
of our generation
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naše generacije
00:19
are the Internet and the mobile phone.
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su internet i mobilni telefon.
00:22
They've changed the world.
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Promijenili su svijet.
00:24
However, largely to our surprise,
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No, na naše veliko iznenađenje,
00:28
they also turned out to be the perfect tools
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pokazali se se i kao savršena oruđa
00:32
for the surveillance state.
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sustava za nadziranje.
00:35
It turned out that the capability
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Pokazalo se da je mogućnost
00:38
to collect data, information and connections
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prikupljanja podataka, informacija i veza
00:42
about basically any of us and all of us
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o ikome i svakome od nas
00:46
is exactly what we've been hearing
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upravo ono o čemu smo slušali
00:48
throughout of the summer
through revelations and leaks
through revelations and leaks
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tijekom ljeta kroz otkrivanja i curenja informacija
00:53
about Western intelligence agencies,
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o zapadnjačkim obavještajnim službama,
00:56
mostly U.S. intelligence agencies,
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većinom službama SAD-a,
00:59
watching over the rest of the world.
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koje promatraju ostatak svijeta.
01:02
We've heard about these starting with the
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O tome slušamo počevši od
01:05
revelations from June 6.
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događaja koji su se zbili 6. lipnja.
01:09
Edward Snowden started leaking information,
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Edward Snowden počeo je otkrivati informacije,
01:12
top secret classified information,
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označene kao strogo povjerljive informacije,
01:14
from the U.S. intelligence agencies,
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iz obavještajnih službi SAD-a,
01:16
and we started learning about things like PRISM
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i mi smo saznali da postoje programi poput Prizme (PRISM)
01:18
and XKeyscore and others.
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XKeyscorea i drugih.
01:22
And these are examples of the kinds of programs
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Ovo su primjeri programa
01:25
U.S. intelligence agencies are running right now,
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koje upravo sada provode obavještajne službe SAD-a,
01:29
against the whole rest of the world.
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protiv cijelog ostatka svijeta.
01:32
And if you look back about the forecasts
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Ako se osvrnete na predviđanja
01:36
on surveillance by George Orwell,
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koja je George Orwell imao o nadziranju,
01:40
well it turns out that
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ispostavilo se da je
01:42
George Orwell was an optimist.
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George Orwell bio optimist.
01:45
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
01:47
We are right now seeing a much larger scale
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Sada vidimo mnogo višu razinu
01:50
of tracking of individual citizens
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praćenja pojedinačnih građana
01:52
than he could have ever imagined.
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nego što smo to uopće mogli zamisliti.
01:56
And this here is the infamous
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Ovo ovdje je zloglasni
01:59
NSA data center in Utah.
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NSA podatkovni centar u Uti.
02:03
Due to be opened very soon,
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Planira se otvoriti vrlo skoro,
02:06
it will be both a supercomputing center
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i to će biti ujedno i centar sa superkompjuterom
02:09
and a data storage center.
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i centar za pohranu podataka.
02:11
You could basically imagine it has a large hall
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Možete zamisliti da ima veliku dvoranu
02:14
filled with hard drives storing data
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prepunu hard drive pogona za pohranu podataka
02:16
they are collecting.
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koje prikupljaju.
02:19
And it's a pretty big building.
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A to je jako velika zgrada.
02:21
How big? Well, I can give you the numbers --
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Koliko velika? Pa, mogu vam iznijeti neke brojke -
02:23
140,000 square meters --
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140.000 kvadratnih metara --
02:25
but that doesn't really tell you very much.
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no to vam ne govori puno.
02:27
Maybe it's better to imagine it as a comparison.
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Možda je bolje da je zamislimo u nekoj usporedbi.
02:31
You think about the largest IKEA store
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Zamislite najveći Ikein dućan
02:33
you've ever been in.
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u kojem ste ikada bili.
02:35
This is five times larger.
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Ovo je pet puta veće.
02:38
How many hard drives can you fit in an IKEA store?
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Koliko hard driva stane u Ikein dućan?
02:41
Right? It's pretty big.
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Zar ne? Jako je veliko.
02:43
We estimate that just the electricity bill
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Procjenjujemo da će samo račun za struju
02:46
for running this data center
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koja će prokretati ovaj podatkovni centar
02:48
is going to be in the tens of millions of dollars a year.
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iznositi desetke milijuna dolara godišnje.
02:51
And this kind of wholesale surveillance
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Ovakva vrsta velenadziranja
02:54
means that they can collect our data
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znači da oni mogu prikupljati naše podatke
02:57
and keep it basically forever,
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i zapravo ih čuvati zauvijek,
02:59
keep it for extended periods of time,
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čuvati ih na dulja vremenska razdoblja,
03:01
keep it for years, keep it for decades.
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godinama, desetljećima.
03:04
And this opens up completely new kinds of risks
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To donosi posve nove vrste rizika
03:08
to us all.
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za sve nas.
03:10
And what this is is that it is wholesale
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Ovo je zapravo sveobuhvatno
03:13
blanket surveillance on everyone.
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velenadziranje svih nas.
03:18
Well, not exactly everyone,
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Pa, ne baš sasvim svih,
03:20
because the U.S. intelligence only has a legal right
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budući da SAD-ovo nadziranje samo ima zakonsko pravo
03:24
to monitor foreigners.
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nadzirati strance.
03:26
They can monitor foreigners
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Mogu nadzirati strance
03:28
when foreigners' data connections
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kada podatkovne veze stranaca
03:30
end up in the United States or pass
through the United States.
through the United States.
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završe u SAD-u ili prođu kroz SAD.
03:34
And monitoring foreigners doesn't sound too bad
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I nadziranje stranaca ne zvuči jako loše
03:37
until you realize
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dok ne shvatite
03:39
that I'm a foreigner and you're a foreigner.
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da sam ja stranac i da si ti stranac.
03:42
In fact, 96 percent of the planet are foreigners.
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Zapravu, 96 posto planeta su stranci.
03:46
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
03:47
Right?
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Zar ne?
03:49
So it is wholesale blanket surveillance of all of us,
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Tako da je to sveobuhvatno velenadziranje svih nas,
03:54
all of us who use telecommunications and the Internet.
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svih nas koji koristimo telekomunikacije i internet.
03:58
But don't get me wrong:
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No, nemojte me krivo shvatiti.
04:00
There are actually types
of surveillance that are okay.
of surveillance that are okay.
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Postoje vrste nadzora koje su uredu.
04:05
I love freedom, but even I agree
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Volim slobodu, no čak se i ja slažem
04:08
that some surveillance is fine.
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da je neko nadziranje uredu.
04:10
If the law enforcement is trying to find a murderer,
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Ako policija pokušava pronaći ubojicu,
04:14
or they're trying to catch a drug lord
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ili pokušava uhvatiti narkobossa,
04:17
or trying to prevent a school shooting,
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ili pokušava spriječiti pucnjavu u školi,
04:21
and they have leads and they have suspects,
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i ima informacije i osumnjičenike,
04:23
then it's perfectly fine for them
to tap the suspect's phone,
to tap the suspect's phone,
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onda je sasvim uredu da prisluškuju osumnjičenikov telefon
04:26
and to intercept his Internet communications.
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i da presreću njegovu komunikaciju na internetu.
04:30
I'm not arguing that at all,
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Ne govorim protiv toga,
04:32
but that's not what programs like PRISM are about.
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no time se ne bave programi poput Prizme.
04:34
They are not about doing surveillance on people
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Oni ne nadziru ljude
04:37
that they have reason
to suspect of some wrongdoings.
to suspect of some wrongdoings.
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za koje imaju razlog sumnjati za kriminalna djela.
04:41
They're about doing surveillance on people
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Oni se bave nadziranjem ljudi
04:42
they know are innocent.
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za koje znaju da su nedužni.
04:46
So the four main arguments
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Četiri glavna argumenta
04:48
supporting surveillance like this,
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koji podupiru ovakvo nadziranje su:
04:50
well, the first of all is that whenever you start
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prvo, da kad god počnete
04:53
discussing about these revelations,
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raspravljati o ovakvim otkrićima
04:54
there will be naysayers trying to minimize
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pojavit će se poricatelji koji će pokušati umanjiti
04:57
the importance of these revelations, saying that
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važnost tih otkrića, tvrdeći da
04:59
we knew all this already,
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smo sve to već znali,
05:01
we knew it was happening, there's nothing new here.
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znali smo da se to događa, ništa novog.
05:04
And that's not true. Don't let anybody tell you
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A to nije istina. Ne dajte da vam itko govori
05:07
that we knew this already,
because we did not know this already.
because we did not know this already.
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da smo to već znali, jer to nismo znali.
05:13
Our worst fears might have been something like this,
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Naši najveći strahovi su možda uključivali ovakvo nešto,
05:17
but we didn't know this was happening.
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no nismo znali da se to događa.
05:19
Now we know for a fact it's happening.
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Sada zaista znamo da se to događa.
05:22
We didn't know about this.
We didn't know about PRISM.
We didn't know about PRISM.
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Nismo znali za to.
Nismo znali za Prizmu.
Nismo znali za Prizmu.
05:24
We didn't know about XKeyscore.
We didn't know about Cybertrans.
We didn't know about Cybertrans.
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Nismo znali za XKeyscore.
Nismo znali za Cybertrans.
Nismo znali za Cybertrans.
05:27
We didn't know about DoubleArrow.
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Nismo znali za DoubleArrow.
05:29
We did not know about Skywriter --
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Nismo znali za Skywriter --
05:31
all these different programs
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sve ove različite programe
05:33
run by U.S. intelligence agencies.
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koje provode obavještajne službe SAD-a.
05:36
But now we do.
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No sada znamo.
05:39
And we did not know
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Niti smo znali
05:41
that U.S. intelligence agencies go to extremes
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da obavještajne službe SAD-a idu do te krajnosti
05:44
such as infiltrating standardization bodies
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da se, na primjer, ubace u standardizacijska tijela
05:48
to sabotage encryption algorithms on purpose.
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kako bi namjerno sabotirali algoritme šifriranja.
05:53
And what that means
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Što to znači
05:55
is that you take something which is secure,
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je to da uzmete nešto što je zaštićeno,
05:57
an encryption algorithm which is so secure
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algoritam šifriranja koji je tako zaštićen
05:59
that if you use that algorithm to encrypt one file,
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da ako ga upotrijebite za šifriranje jednog dokumenta,
06:02
nobody can decrypt that file.
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nitko ga ne može odšifrirati.
06:04
Even if they take every single computer on the planet just to decrypt that one file,
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Čak i ako uzmu apsolutno svako računalo na planeti, samo da dešifriraju taj jedan dokument,
06:08
it's going to take millions of years.
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za to će trebati milijuni godina.
06:11
So that's basically perfectly safe, uncrackable.
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To zapravo znači savršeno sigurno, neprobojno.
06:13
You take something which is that good
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Uzmete nešto tako dobro
06:15
and then you weaken it on purpose,
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i onda to namjerno oslabite,
06:17
making all of us less secure as an end result.
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čineći sve nas manje sigurnima kao krajnji rezultat toga.
06:23
A real-world equivalent would be that
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Stvarni ekvivalent toga bilo bi to da
06:25
intelligence agencies would force
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obavještajne službe uvedu
06:28
some secret pin code into every single house alarm
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neku tajnu šifru u svaki kućni alarm
06:31
so they could get into every single house
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kako bi mogle mogle ući u svaku kuću
06:32
because, you know, bad people
might have house alarms,
might have house alarms,
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jer, znate, i zli ljudi bi mogli imati kućne alarme,
06:35
but it will also make all of us
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no to će ujedno i sve nas
06:37
less secure as an end result.
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učiniti manje sigurnima.
06:39
Backdooring encryption algorithms
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Neovlašteno rukovanje algoritmima šifriranja
06:43
just boggles the mind.
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jednostavno je zaprepašćujuće.
06:46
But of course, these intelligence agencies
are doing their job.
are doing their job.
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Ali naravno, te obavještajne službe rade svoj posao.
06:50
This is what they have been told to do:
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To im je rečeno da rade:
06:52
do signals intelligence,
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prikupljati podatke putem signala,
06:54
monitor telecommunications,
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nadzirati telekomunikacije,
06:56
monitor Internet traffic.
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nadzirati internetski promet.
06:57
That's what they're trying to do,
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To oni pokušavaju raditi,
06:59
and since most, a very big part
of the Internet traffic today is encrypted,
of the Internet traffic today is encrypted,
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a budući da je danas veliki dio intenetskog prometa šifriran,
07:02
they're trying to find ways around the encryption.
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pokušavaju pronaći načine kako zobići šifre.
07:04
One way is to sabotage encryption algorithms,
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Jedan od načina je da sabotiraju algoritme šifriranja,
07:07
which is a great example
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što je odličan primjer toga
07:09
about how U.S. intelligence agencies
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kako su SAD-ove obavještajne službe
07:11
are running loose.
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puštene s lanca.
07:13
They are completely out of control,
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Potpuno su izvan kontrole,
07:15
and they should be brought back under control.
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i trebalo bi ih se vratiti pod kontrolu.
07:21
So what do we actually know about the leaks?
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Što točno znamo o tom curenju tajnih podataka?
07:24
Everything is based on the files
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Sve se temelji na dokumentima
07:26
leaked by Mr. Snowden.
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koje je otkrio g. Snowden.
07:29
The very first PRISM slides
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Prvi slajdovi Prizme
07:32
from the beginning of June
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s početka lipnja
07:34
detail a collection program where the data
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detaljno iznose program za prikupljanje, gdje se podaci
07:36
is collected from service providers,
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prikupljaju od davatelja usluga,
07:37
and they actually go and name the service providers
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i oni zapravo imenuju davatelje usluga
07:40
they have access to.
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kojima imaju pristup.
07:42
They even have a specific date
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Čak imaju i točno određeni datum
07:45
on when the collection of data began
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kada je počelo prikupljanje podataka
07:47
for each of the service providers.
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za svaki od tih davatelja usluga.
07:49
So for example, they name
the collection from Microsoft
the collection from Microsoft
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Na primjer, navode prikupljanje od Microsofta
07:51
started on September 11, 2007,
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koje je započelo 11. rujna 2007,
07:55
for Yahoo on the March 12, 2008,
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za Yahoo 12. ožujka 2008,
07:58
and then others: Google, Facebook,
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a potom i ostale: Google, Facebook,
08:01
Skype, Apple and so on.
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Skype, Apple i tako dalje.
08:04
And every single one of these companies denies.
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A svaka od tih tvrtki to poriče.
08:07
They all say that this simply isn't true,
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Sve tvrde da to nije istina,
08:11
that they are not giving
backdoor access to their data.
backdoor access to their data.
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da ne daju neovlašten pristup svojim podacima.
08:16
Yet we have these files.
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No, svejedno imamo te dokumente.
08:20
So is one of the parties lying,
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Laže li onda jedna od strana,
08:22
or is there some other alternative explanation?
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ili postoji neko drugo objašnjenje?
08:25
And one explanation would be
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Jedno od objašnjenja bilo bi to
08:28
that these parties, these service providers,
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da te strane, ti davatelji usluga,
08:31
are not cooperating.
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ne surađuju.
08:33
Instead, they've been hacked.
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Umjesto toga su bili hakirani.
08:36
That would explain it. They aren't cooperating. They've been hacked.
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To bi sve objasnilo. Ne surađuju. Bili su hakirani.
08:39
In this case, they've been hacked
by their own government.
by their own government.
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U tom slučaju, hakirala ih je vlastita vlada.
08:44
That might sound outlandish,
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To možda zvuči neobično,
08:46
but we already have cases where this has happened,
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no već postoje slučajevi kada se to dogodilo.
08:48
for example, the case of the Flame malware
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Na primjer, slučaj zloćudnog softvera Flame
08:51
which we strongly believe was authored
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za kojeg odlučno tvrdimo da ga je stvorila
08:53
by the U.S. government,
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vlada SAD-a,
08:55
and which, to spread, subverted the security
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i koji je, da bi se proširio, srušio zaštitu
08:59
of the Windows Update network,
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Windows Update mreže,
09:02
meaning here, the company was hacked
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što znači da je tvrtku hakirala
09:06
by their own government.
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vlastita vlada.
09:08
And there's more evidence
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I postoji još dokaza
09:10
supporting this theory as well.
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koji potkrepljuju ovu teoriju.
09:13
Der Spiegel, from Germany, leaked more information
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Njemački list Der Spiegel procurio je još informacija
09:17
about the operations run by the elite hacker units
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o aktivnostima koje vode elitni hakerski odjeli
09:21
operating inside these intelligence agencies.
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koji djeluju unutar tih obavještajnih službi.
09:24
Inside NSA, the unit is called TAO,
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Unutar NSA odjel se zove TAO,
09:27
Tailored Access Operations,
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"Tailored Access Operations" (Operacije za usklađeni pristup),
09:28
and inside GCHQ, which is the U.K. equivalent,
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a unutar GCHQ, koji je britanski ekvivalent NSA,
09:32
it's called NAC, Network Analysis Centre.
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zove se NAC, "Network Analysis Centre" (Centar za analizu mreže).
09:36
And these recent leaks of these three slides
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Ovo nedavno razotkrivanje triju slajdova Prizme
09:40
detail an operation
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detaljno prikazuje operacije
09:42
run by this GCHQ intelligence agency
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koje provodi ta obavještajna služba GCWQ
09:45
from the United Kingdom
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iz Ujedinjenog Kraljevstva
09:47
targeting a telecom here in Belgium.
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ciljajući na telekominikacije ovdje u Belgiji.
09:51
And what this really means
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Što to zaista znači
09:53
is that an E.U. country's intelligence agency
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je da obavještajna služba jedne članice EU
09:57
is breaching the security
205
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2215
probija zaštitu
10:00
of a telecom of a fellow E.U. country on purpose,
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telekomunikacija druge članice EU namjerno,
10:04
and they discuss it in their slides completely casually,
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a na tim slajdovima o tome govore sasvim ležerno,
10:08
business as usual.
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ništa posebno.
10:10
Here's the primary target,
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1668
"Ovo je primarna meta,
10:11
here's the secondary target,
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599996
1378
ovo je sekundarna meta,
10:13
here's the teaming.
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ovo je udruženje."
10:14
They probably have a team building
on Thursday evening in a pub.
on Thursday evening in a pub.
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Vjerojatno imaju team building četvrtom navečer u pubu.
10:18
They even use cheesy PowerPoint clip art
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Čak koriste neukusne Power Point crteže
10:21
like, you know, "Success,"
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609695
1707
poput "Uspjeh,"
10:23
when they gain access to services like this.
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kada dobiju pristup takvim uslugama.
10:26
What the hell?
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2826
Koji vrag?
10:31
And then there's the argument
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A tu je i argument
10:33
that okay, yes, this might be going on,
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1660
da, uredu, to se možda događa,
10:35
but then again, other countries are doing it as well.
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ali i druge države rade to isto.
10:37
All countries spy.
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2423
Sve države špijuniraju.
10:40
And maybe that's true.
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I to je možda točno.
10:41
Many countries spy, not all of them,
but let's take an example.
but let's take an example.
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Mnoge države špijuniraju, ne sve, no uzmimo primjer.
10:44
Let's take, for example, Sweden.
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Uzmimo, na primjer, Švedsku.
10:46
I'm speaking of Sweden because Sweden
224
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1376
Govorim o Švedskoj jer ona
10:47
has a little bit of a similar law to the United States.
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2279
ima zakone slične onima u SAD-a.
10:50
When your data traffic goes through Sweden,
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2123
Kada vaš podatkovni promet prolazi kroz Švedsku,
10:52
their intelligence agency has a legal right by the law
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2810
njihova obavještajna služba ima zakonsko pravo
10:55
to intercept that traffic.
228
643113
2001
presretati taj promet.
10:57
All right, how many Swedish decisionmakers
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3205
U redu, koliko švedskih donositelja odluka
11:00
and politicians and business leaders
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2872
i političara i poslovnih vođa
11:03
use, every day, U.S.-based services,
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svakodnevno koriste usluge koje dolaze iz SAD-a,
11:06
like, you know, run Windows or OSX,
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3268
poput, Windowsa ili OSX-a,
11:09
or use Facebook or LinkedIn,
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2210
ili koriste Facebook ili LinkedIn,
11:11
or store their data in clouds like iCloud
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659742
3400
ili pohranjuju svoje podatke u oblacima poput iClouda
11:15
or Skydrive or DropBox,
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663142
3894
ili Skydrivea ili DropBoxa,
11:19
or maybe use online services like
Amazon web services or sales support?
Amazon web services or sales support?
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4303
ili koriste internetske servise poput Amazona ili one za podršku prodaje?
11:23
And the answer is, every single Swedish
business leader does that every single day.
business leader does that every single day.
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A odgovor je: svaki švedski poslovni vođa to čini svakog dana.
11:27
And then we turn it around.
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A onda to preokrenemo.
11:28
How many American leaders
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676895
1905
Koliko američkih vođa
11:30
use Swedish webmails and cloud services?
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4293
koriste švedske e-pošte na internetu i "cloud" usluge?
11:35
And the answer is zero.
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2040
Odgovor je nula.
11:37
So this is not balanced.
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685133
2269
To nije usklađeno.
11:39
It's not balanced by any means, not even close.
243
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4625
Nema ravnoteže ni u kom pogledu. Ni približno.
11:44
And when we do have the occasional
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2441
A i kada se povremeno pojavi
11:46
European success story,
245
694468
2001
neka priča o uspjehu u Europi,
11:48
even those, then, typically end up being sold
to the United States.
to the United States.
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696469
3566
čak i te priče tipično završe tako da su prodane SAD-u.
11:52
Like, Skype used to be secure.
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700035
2264
Poput Skypea koji je nekoć bio siguran.
11:54
It used to be end-to-end encrypted.
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2733
Bio je potpuno šifriran.
11:57
Then it was sold to the United States.
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2041
A zatim je bio prodan SAD-u.
11:59
Today, it no longer is secure.
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707073
2649
Danas više nije siguran.
12:01
So once again, we take something which is secure
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3221
I tako opet, uzmemo nešto što je sigurno
12:04
and then we make it less secure on purpose,
252
712943
1870
i zatim to namjerno učinimo manje sigurnim,
12:06
making all of us less secure as an outcome.
253
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4484
čineći sve nas manje sigurnima, kao krajnji rezultat.
12:12
And then the argument that the United States
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2247
Zatim, argument da se SAD
12:15
is only fighting terrorists.
255
723102
2018
samo bori protiv terorista.
12:17
It's the war on terror.
256
725120
1166
Rat protiv terora.
12:18
You shouldn't worry about it.
257
726286
2547
Ne biste se trebali brinuti oko toga.
12:20
Well, it's not the war on terror.
258
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2230
Pa, ne radi se o ratu protiv terora.
12:23
Yes, part of it is war on terror, and yes,
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2173
Da, djelomice to jest rat protiv terora, i da,
12:25
there are terrorists, and they do kill and maim,
260
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2976
postoje teroristi, i oni ubijaju i sakate,
12:28
and we should fight them,
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1551
i trebali bismo se boriti protiv njih,
12:29
but we know through these leaks
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1606
no, zbog ovih curenja informacija znamo
12:31
that they have used the same techniques
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739369
2582
da su iste metode koristili
12:33
to listen to phone calls of European leaders,
264
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3336
za prisluškivanje telefonskih poziva europskih vođa,
12:37
to tap the email of residents of Mexico and Brazil,
265
745287
3455
za presretanje emailova stanovnika Meksika i Brazila,
12:40
to read email traffic inside the United Nations Headquarters and E.U. Parliament,
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4806
za čitanje email prometa unutar Sjedišta Ujedinjenih naroda i Europskog parlamenta,
12:45
and I don't think they are trying to find terrorists
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3154
i nemojte misliti da pokušavaju pronaći teroriste
12:48
from inside the E.U. Parliament, right?
268
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3018
unutar EU parlamenta.
12:51
It's not the war on terror.
269
759720
1948
To nije rat protiv terorizma.
12:53
Part of it might be, and there are terrorists,
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761668
4142
Djelomično možda jest, i istina je da postoje teroristi,
12:57
but are we really thinking about terrorists
271
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2427
no gledamo li mi na teroriste
13:00
as such an existential threat
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2169
kao takvu egzistencijalnu prijetnju
13:02
that we are willing to do anything at all to fight them?
273
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3676
da smo spremni učiniti bilo što kako bismo se borili protiv njih?
13:06
Are the Americans ready
to throw away the Constituion
to throw away the Constituion
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3491
Jesu li Amerikanci spremni odbaciti svoj ustav
13:09
and throw it in the trash
just because there are terrorists?
just because there are terrorists?
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4241
i baciti ga u smeće samo zbog toga što ima terorista?
13:13
And the same thing with the Bill of Rights
and all the amendments
and all the amendments
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2524
I ista stvar je s Poveljom o pravima i svim amandmanima
13:16
and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights
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2317
i Općom deklaracijom o pravima čovjeka
13:18
and the E.U. conventions on human rights
and fundamental freedoms
and fundamental freedoms
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5151
i europskim konvencijama o ljudskim pravima i temeljnim slobodama
13:23
and the press freedom?
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1517
i slobodi tiska.
13:25
Do we really think terrorism
is such an existential threat,
is such an existential threat,
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3815
Mislimo li zaista da je terorizam takva egzistencijalna prijetnja
13:29
we are ready to do anything at all?
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3126
da smo spremni učiniti bilo što?
13:34
But people are scared about terrorists,
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2664
No, ljudi se boje terorista,
13:37
and then they think that
maybe that surveillance is okay
maybe that surveillance is okay
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2414
i zato misle da je nadziranje možda u redu
13:39
because they have nothing to hide.
284
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2044
jer nemaju razloga da išta skrivaju.
13:41
Feel free to survey me if that helps.
285
809612
2707
"Slobodno me nadziri ako to pomaže."
13:44
And whoever tells you that they have nothing to hide
286
812319
2888
Tko god vam kaže da nema što skrivati
13:47
simply hasn't thought about this long enough.
287
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4713
jednostavno nije dovoljno dugo o ovome promislio.
13:54
(Applause)
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5865
(Pljesak)
14:00
Because we have this thing called privacy,
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2772
Jer postoji nešto što se zove privatnost,
14:03
and if you really think that you have nothing to hide,
290
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2345
i ako zaista mislite da nemate ništa skrivati,
14:05
please make sure that's the first thing you tell me,
291
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2216
pobrinite se da je to prvo što ćete mi reći,
14:07
because then I know
292
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1550
jer onda znam
14:09
that I should not trust you with any secrets,
293
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1640
da vam ne smijem povjeriti nikakve tajne,
14:10
because obviously you can't keep a secret.
294
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3298
jer očigledno ne znate čuvati tajnu.
14:17
But people are brutally honest with the Internet,
295
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3829
No, ljudi su brutalno iskreni s internetom,
14:20
and when these leaks started,
296
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2696
i kada su ove informacije počele curiti,
14:23
many people were asking me about this.
297
851590
1878
mnogi su me pitali o tome.
14:25
And I have nothing to hide.
298
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1574
Nemam što skrivati.
14:27
I'm not doing anything bad or anything illegal.
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855042
3290
Ne radim ništa loše ili nezakonito.
14:30
Yet, I have nothing that I would in particular
300
858332
2785
No, nemam ništa što bih posebno
14:33
like to share with an intelligence agency,
301
861117
2793
volio podijeliti s obavještajnom službom,
14:35
especially a foreign intelligence agency.
302
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4137
posebice stranom obavještajnom službom.
14:40
And if we indeed need a Big Brother,
303
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2855
I ako nam je zaista potreban Veliki Brat,
14:42
I would much rather have a domestic Big Brother
304
870902
3478
radije bih imao domaćeg Velikog Brata
14:46
than a foreign Big Brother.
305
874380
3160
nego stranog Velikog Brata.
14:49
And when the leaks started,
the very first thing I tweeted about this
the very first thing I tweeted about this
306
877545
5059
Kada su informacije počele curiti, prva stvar o kojoj sam tweetao
14:54
was a comment about how,
307
882604
2074
bila je komentar o tome kako,
14:56
when you've been using search engines,
308
884678
1688
kada koristimo internetske tražilice,
14:58
you've been potentially leaking all that
to U.S. intelligence.
to U.S. intelligence.
309
886366
3649
potencijalno dajemo o tome informacije obavještajcima iz SAD-a.
15:02
And two minutes later, I got a reply
310
890015
1972
Dvije minute nakon toga dobio sam odgovor
15:03
by somebody called Kimberly from the United States
311
891987
2336
od Kimberly iz SAD-a,
15:06
challenging me, like, why am I worried about this?
312
894323
2167
koja mi se usprotivila i pitala zašto se brinem oko toga?
15:08
What am I sending to worry about this?
Am I sending naked pictures or something?
Am I sending naked pictures or something?
313
896503
4032
Što ja to šaljem da se brinem oko toga?
Šaljem li gole slike?
Šaljem li gole slike?
15:12
And my answer to Kimberly was
314
900535
1968
Moj odgovor Kimberly bio je
15:14
that what I'm sending is none of your business,
315
902503
3029
da ono što ja šaljem je se ne tiče,
15:17
and it should be none
of your government's business either.
of your government's business either.
316
905532
4265
i da se ne bi trebalo ticati ni njene vlade.
15:21
Because that's what it's about. It's about privacy.
317
909797
2252
Jer o tome se i radi. O privatnosti.
15:24
Privacy is nonnegotiable.
318
912049
1914
Privatnost je beskompromisna.
15:25
It should be built in to all the systems we use.
319
913963
3960
Trebala bi biti ugrađena u sve sustave koje koristimo.
15:31
(Applause)
320
919968
3578
(Pljesak)
15:38
And one thing we should all understand
321
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2619
Jedna stvar koju bismo svi trebali razumjeti
15:41
is that we are brutally honest with search engines.
322
929449
4599
je da smo brutalno iskreni s internetskim tražilicama.
15:46
You show me your search history,
323
934048
2751
Pokažite mi povijest svoje tražilice
15:48
and I'll find something incriminating
324
936799
2366
i pronaći ću nešto inkriminirajuće
15:51
or something embarrassing there in five minutes.
325
939165
3437
ili nešto sramotno u pet minuta.
15:54
We are more honest with search engines
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942602
1788
Iskreniji smo s tražilicama
15:56
than we are with our families.
327
944390
1762
nego s našim obiteljima.
15:58
Search engines know more about you
328
946152
2091
Tražilice znaju više o vama
16:00
than your family members know about you.
329
948243
2766
nego članovi vaše obitelji.
16:03
And this is all the kind
of information we are giving away,
of information we are giving away,
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951009
3088
A to su sve informacije koje dajemo,
16:06
we are giving away to the United States.
331
954097
4375
dajemo ih SAD-u.
16:10
And surveillance changes history.
332
958472
2478
Nadziranje mijenja povijest.
16:12
We know this through examples
of corrupt presidents like Nixon.
of corrupt presidents like Nixon.
333
960950
3209
Znamo to kroz primjere korumpiranih predsjednika, poput Nixona.
16:16
Imagine if he would have had the kind
of surveillance tools that are available today.
of surveillance tools that are available today.
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964159
4472
Zamislite da smo tada imali takve alate za nadziranje kakve imamo danas.
16:20
And let me actually quote
335
968631
2309
Dopustite mi da citiram
16:22
the president of Brazil, Ms. Dilma Rousseff.
336
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3133
predsjednicu Brazila, gđu. Dilmu Rousseff.
16:26
She was one of the targets of NSA surveillance.
337
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3286
Ona je bila jedna od meta koje je nadzirala NSA.
16:29
Her email was read, and she spoke
338
977359
2276
Čitali su njezinu epoštu, a ona je držala govor
16:31
at the United Nations Headquarters, and she said,
339
979635
3023
u Sjedištu Ujedinjenih naroda, i rekla je,
16:34
"If there is no right to privacy,
340
982658
2013
"Ako ne postoji pravo na privatnost,
16:36
there can be no true freedom
of expression and opinion,
of expression and opinion,
341
984671
2827
ne može postojati niti istinska sloboda izražavanja i mišljenja
16:39
and therefore, there can be no effective democracy."
342
987498
5111
i stoga ne može postojati ni djelotvorna demokracija."
16:44
That's what it's about.
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992609
2345
O tome se radi.
16:46
Privacy is the building block of our democracies.
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3868
Privatnost je sastavni dio naših demokracija.
16:52
And to quote a fellow security researcher, Marcus Ranum,
345
1000611
3465
Da citiram kolegu istraživača sigurnosti, Marcusa Ranuma,
16:56
he said that the United States
is right now treating the Internet
is right now treating the Internet
346
1004076
3827
rekao je da se SAD odnosi prema internetu
16:59
as it would be treating one of its colonies.
347
1007903
3093
kao što bi se odnosio prema jednoj od svojih kolonija.
17:02
So we are back to the age of colonization,
348
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2565
Tako smo se vratili u doba kolonizacije,
17:05
and we, the foreign users of the Internet,
349
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3062
a mi, strani korisnici interneta,
17:08
we should think about Americans as our masters.
350
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3705
trebali bismo gledati na Amerikance kao na naše gospodare.
17:15
So Mr. Snowden, he's been blamed for many things.
351
1023005
3975
G. Snowdena se krivi za razne stvari.
17:18
Some are blaming him for causing problems
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1026980
2654
Neki ga krive za izazivanje problema
17:21
for the U.S. cloud industry
and software companies with these revelations --
and software companies with these revelations --
353
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za američku "cloud" industriju i softverske tvrtke s ovim otkrićima --
17:24
and blaming Snowden for causing problems
for the U.S. cloud industry
for the U.S. cloud industry
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a kriviti Snowdena za izazivanje problema za američku "cloud" industriju
17:29
would be the equivalent of blaming Al Gore
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bilo bi ekvivalentno tome da krivimo Ala Gorea
17:31
for causing global warming.
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za izazivanje globalnog zatopljenja.
17:33
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
17:36
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
17:43
So, what is there to be done?
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I što se onda može učiniti?
17:50
Should we worry. No, we shouldn't worry.
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Bismo li se trebali brinuti? Ne, ne bismo se trebali brinuti.
17:51
We should be angry, because this is wrong,
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Trebali bismo biti ljuti, jer je ovo loše,
17:54
and it's rude, and it should not be done.
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i ružno, i ne bi se smjelo činiti.
17:57
But that's not going to really change the situation.
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No to neće zaista promijeniti situaciju.
17:59
What's going to change the situation
for the rest of the world
for the rest of the world
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Ono što će promijeniti situaciju za ostatak svijeta
18:02
is to try to steer away
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je pokušaj da se udalji
18:04
from systems built in the United States.
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od sustava izgrađenih u SAD-u.
18:07
And that's much easier said than done.
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A to je mnogo lakše reći nego učiniti.
18:10
How do you do that?
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Kako to napraviti?
18:11
A single country, any single country in Europe
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Jedna država, bilo koja pojedinačna država u Europi
18:13
cannot replace and build replacements
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ne može zamijeniti i izgraditi nadomjestke
18:16
for the U.S.-made operating systems
and cloud services.
and cloud services.
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za američke operacijske sustave i "cloud" usluge.
18:19
But maybe you don't have to do it alone.
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No možda to ne mora napraviti sama.
18:21
Maybe you can do it together with other countries.
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Možda to može napraviti zajedno s ostalim državama.
18:22
The solution is open source.
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Rješenje je otvoreni kod.
18:26
By building together open, free, secure systems,
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Gradeći zajedno otvorene, slobodne, sigurne sustave,
18:31
we can go around such surveillance,
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možemo zaobići takva nadziranja,
18:34
and then one country doesn't have
to solve the problem by itself.
to solve the problem by itself.
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i tada jedna država ne treba sama rješavati problem.
18:38
It only has to solve one little problem.
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Treba samo rješiti jedan mali problem.
18:40
And to quote a fellow security researcher, Haroon Meer,
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Da citiram kolegu istražitelja sigurnosti, Haroona Meera,
18:46
one country only has to make a small wave,
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jedna država treba samo napraviti maleni val,
18:49
but those small waves together become a tide,
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no ti maleni valovi zajedno postaju plima,
18:52
and the tide will lift all the boats up at the same time,
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a plima će istovremeno podići sve brodice,
18:56
and the tide we will build
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i plima koju ćemo izgraditi
18:57
with secure, free, open-source systems,
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sa sigurnim, slobodnim sustavima otvorenog koda
19:01
will become the tide that will lift all of us
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postat će plima koja će nas sve podići
19:03
up and above the surveillance state.
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iznad sustava nadziranja.
19:09
Thank you very much.
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Hvala vam najljepša.
19:11
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Mikko Hypponen - Cybersecurity expertAs computer access expands, Mikko Hypponen asks: What's the next killer virus, and will the world be able to cope with it? And also: How can we protect digital privacy in the age of government surveillance?
Why you should listen
The chief research officer at F-Secure Corporation in Finland, Mikko Hypponen has led his team through some of the largest computer virus outbreaks in history. His team took down the world-wide network used by the Sobig.F worm. He was the first to warn the world about the Sasser outbreak, and he has done classified briefings on the operation of the Stuxnet worm -- a hugely complex worm designed to sabotage Iranian nuclear enrichment facilities.
As a few hundred million more Internet users join the web from India and China and elsewhere, and as governments and corporations become more sophisticated at using viruses as weapons, Hypponen asks, what's next? Who will be at the front defending the world’s networks from malicious software? He says: "It's more than unsettling to realize there are large companies out there developing backdoors, exploits and trojans."
Even more unsettling: revelations this year that the United States' NSA is conducting widespread digital surveillance of both US citizens and anyone whose data passes through a US entity, and that it has actively sabotaged encryption algorithms. Hypponen has become one of the most outspoken critics of the agency's programs and asks us all: Why are we so willing to hand over digital privacy?
Read his open-season Q&A on Reddit:"My TED Talk was just posted. Ask me anything.
See the full documentary on the search for the Brain virus.
Mikko Hypponen | Speaker | TED.com