TEDxBrussels
Mikko Hypponen: How the NSA betrayed the world's trust -- time to act
Miko Hiponen (Mikko Hypponen): Kako je NSA izdala poverenje sveta - vreme je da reagujemo
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Skorašnji događaji naglasili su činjenicu da Sjedinjene Američke Države nasumično nadgledaju sve strance čiji podaci prolaze kroz američku teritoriju - bez obzira na to da li su osumnjičenii za nešto ili ne. Ovo znači da je, suštinski, svaki korisnik interneta pod prismotrom, kaže Miko Hiponen. Važan govor, sa jednim zahtevom: da se nađe alternativno rešenje za korišćenje američkih kompanija za potrebe svetskog informisanja.
Mikko Hypponen - Cybersecurity expert
As computer access expands, Mikko Hypponen asks: What's the next killer virus, and will the world be able to cope with it? And also: How can we protect digital privacy in the age of government surveillance? Full bio
As computer access expands, Mikko Hypponen asks: What's the next killer virus, and will the world be able to cope with it? And also: How can we protect digital privacy in the age of government surveillance? Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
The two most likely largest inventions
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Dva verovatno najveća izuma
00:17
of our generation
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naše generacije
00:19
are the Internet and the mobile phone.
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su internet i mobilni telefon.
00:22
They've changed the world.
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Oni su promenili svet.
00:24
However, largely to our surprise,
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Na naše veliko iznenađenje
00:28
they also turned out to be the perfect tools
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ispostavilo se da su sjajni
00:32
for the surveillance state.
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za špijuniranje.
00:35
It turned out that the capability
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Ispostavilo se da je sposobnost
00:38
to collect data, information and connections
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čuvanja podataka, informacija i veza
00:42
about basically any of us and all of us
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o bilo kome od nas i o svima nama,
00:46
is exactly what we've been hearing
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upravo ono što smo slušali
00:48
throughout of the summer
through revelations and leaks
through revelations and leaks
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čitavo leto kroz otkrića i greške
00:53
about Western intelligence agencies,
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o zapadnim obaveštajnim službama,
00:56
mostly U.S. intelligence agencies,
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uglavnom američkim,
00:59
watching over the rest of the world.
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koje nadziru ostatak sveta.
01:02
We've heard about these starting with the
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Prvi put smo čuli za ovo
01:05
revelations from June 6.
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zahvaljujući otkriću napravljenom 6. juna.
01:09
Edward Snowden started leaking information,
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Edvard Snouden počeo je da objavljuje
01:12
top secret classified information,
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poverljive informacije
01:14
from the U.S. intelligence agencies,
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američkih obaveštajnih službi,
01:16
and we started learning about things like PRISM
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i saznali smo dosta
o programima PRIZMA,
o programima PRIZMA,
01:18
and XKeyscore and others.
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XKeyscore i slično.
01:22
And these are examples of the kinds of programs
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To su primeri one vrste programa
01:25
U.S. intelligence agencies are running right now,
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koje obaveštajne službe SAD
upravo vode
upravo vode
01:29
against the whole rest of the world.
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protiv ostatka sveta.
01:32
And if you look back about the forecasts
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Ako se setimo predviđanja
01:36
on surveillance by George Orwell,
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koje je Džordž Orvel izneo o nadzoru,
01:40
well it turns out that
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ispostavlja se
01:42
George Orwell was an optimist.
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da je on bio optimista.
01:45
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
01:47
We are right now seeing a much larger scale
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Sada sagledavamo
mnogo veće razmere
mnogo veće razmere
01:50
of tracking of individual citizens
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praćenja građanstva
01:52
than he could have ever imagined.
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nego što je on ikada mogao da zamisli.
01:56
And this here is the infamous
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Ovo je ozloglašeno
01:59
NSA data center in Utah.
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središte NSA u Juti.
02:03
Due to be opened very soon,
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Otvaranje je uskoro;
02:06
it will be both a supercomputing center
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to će biti i centar superkompjutera,
02:09
and a data storage center.
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i centar skladištenja podataka.
02:11
You could basically imagine it has a large hall
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Zamislite to kao ogromnu prostoriju
02:14
filled with hard drives storing data
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punu hard diskova
02:16
they are collecting.
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koji čuvaju skupljene podatke.
02:19
And it's a pretty big building.
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A to je prilično velika zgrada.
02:21
How big? Well, I can give you the numbers --
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Koliko velika?
Evo jednog podatka:
Evo jednog podatka:
02:23
140,000 square meters --
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140 hiljada kvadratnih metara.
02:25
but that doesn't really tell you very much.
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Ali to vam baš i ne govori mnogo.
02:27
Maybe it's better to imagine it as a comparison.
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Možda je bolje da uporedimo.
02:31
You think about the largest IKEA store
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Zamislite najveću IKEA prodavnicu
02:33
you've ever been in.
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u kojoj ste ikada bili.
02:35
This is five times larger.
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Pet puta je veće.
02:38
How many hard drives can you fit in an IKEA store?
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Koliko hard diskova stane u IKEU?
02:41
Right? It's pretty big.
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Poprilično, zar ne?
02:43
We estimate that just the electricity bill
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Procenjuje se da će samo račun za struju
02:46
for running this data center
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koja pokreće ovaj centar
02:48
is going to be in the tens of millions of dollars a year.
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iznositi desetine miliona dolara godišnje.
02:51
And this kind of wholesale surveillance
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Ovakva vrsta sveobuhvatnog nadzora
02:54
means that they can collect our data
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znači da mogu da prikupljaju podatke
02:57
and keep it basically forever,
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i čuvaju ih zauvek.
02:59
keep it for extended periods of time,
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Na duže vreme,
03:01
keep it for years, keep it for decades.
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godine, decenije.
03:04
And this opens up completely new kinds of risks
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To predstavlja novi rizik
03:08
to us all.
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za sve nas.
03:10
And what this is is that it is wholesale
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Radi se o tome da je ovo
03:13
blanket surveillance on everyone.
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opsežno, nasumično nadziranje svih.
03:18
Well, not exactly everyone,
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Ne baš svih,
03:20
because the U.S. intelligence only has a legal right
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jer američke službe imaju zakonsko pravo
03:24
to monitor foreigners.
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samo da nadgledaju strance.
03:26
They can monitor foreigners
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Mogu da nadgledaju strance
03:28
when foreigners' data connections
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onda kada njegove informacije
03:30
end up in the United States or pass
through the United States.
through the United States.
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završe u SAD ili prođu kroz tu zemlju.
03:34
And monitoring foreigners doesn't sound too bad
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Nadziranje stranaca ne zvuči toliko loše
03:37
until you realize
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dok ne shvatite
03:39
that I'm a foreigner and you're a foreigner.
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da smo i ja i vi stranci.
03:42
In fact, 96 percent of the planet are foreigners.
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96% planete su stranci.
03:46
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
03:47
Right?
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Zar ne?
03:49
So it is wholesale blanket surveillance of all of us,
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Tako da se radi o nasumičnom nadziranju
03:54
all of us who use telecommunications and the Internet.
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nas koji koristimo sredstva komunikacije.
03:58
But don't get me wrong:
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Nemojte da me shvatite pogrešno:
04:00
There are actually types
of surveillance that are okay.
of surveillance that are okay.
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postoje vrste nadzora koje su u redu.
04:05
I love freedom, but even I agree
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Volim slobodu, ali se slažem
04:08
that some surveillance is fine.
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da je nadzor nekada opravdan.
04:10
If the law enforcement is trying to find a murderer,
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Ukoliko policija pokušava
da pronađe ubicu,
da pronađe ubicu,
04:14
or they're trying to catch a drug lord
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da uhvati narko-dilere,
04:17
or trying to prevent a school shooting,
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spreči pucnjave u školama,
04:21
and they have leads and they have suspects,
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a imaju tragove i osumnjičene,
04:23
then it's perfectly fine for them
to tap the suspect's phone,
to tap the suspect's phone,
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onda je sasvim u redu da prisluškuju
04:26
and to intercept his Internet communications.
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i presreću internet komunikacije.
04:30
I'm not arguing that at all,
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Uopšte se ne protivim tome,
04:32
but that's not what programs like PRISM are about.
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ali programi kao Prizma
se ne koriste tako.
se ne koriste tako.
04:34
They are not about doing surveillance on people
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Ne radi se o nadzoru ljudi
04:37
that they have reason
to suspect of some wrongdoings.
to suspect of some wrongdoings.
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koji se sumnjiče za nešto.
04:41
They're about doing surveillance on people
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Radi se o posmatranju ljudi
04:42
they know are innocent.
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za koje se zna da su nedužni.
04:46
So the four main arguments
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Četiri glavna argumenta
04:48
supporting surveillance like this,
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koja ovo podržavaju
04:50
well, the first of all is that whenever you start
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pre svega, kad god počnete
04:53
discussing about these revelations,
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da pričate o ovome,
04:54
there will be naysayers trying to minimize
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biće kontraša koji pokušavaju da umanje
04:57
the importance of these revelations, saying that
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značaj svega ovoga,
04:59
we knew all this already,
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govoreći da smo sve to već znali,
05:01
we knew it was happening, there's nothing new here.
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i da tu nema ničega novog.
05:04
And that's not true. Don't let anybody tell you
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To nije istina.
Ne dopustite da vam iko kaže
05:07
that we knew this already,
because we did not know this already.
because we did not know this already.
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da smo to znali, jer nismo.
05:13
Our worst fears might have been something like this,
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Naši najgori strahovi su možda bili slični
05:17
but we didn't know this was happening.
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ali nismo znali da se to i dešava.
05:19
Now we know for a fact it's happening.
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Sada sigurno znamo da je to istina.
05:22
We didn't know about this.
We didn't know about PRISM.
We didn't know about PRISM.
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Nismo znali za to.
Nismo znali za Prizmu.
Nismo znali za Prizmu.
05:24
We didn't know about XKeyscore.
We didn't know about Cybertrans.
We didn't know about Cybertrans.
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Ni za XKeyscore.
Ni za Cybertrans.
Ni za Cybertrans.
05:27
We didn't know about DoubleArrow.
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Nismo znali ni za DoubleArrow.
05:29
We did not know about Skywriter --
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Ni za Skywriter.
05:31
all these different programs
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Sve ove programe
05:33
run by U.S. intelligence agencies.
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vode američke obaveštajne službe.
05:36
But now we do.
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Ali sada znamo.
05:39
And we did not know
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Ono što nismo znali
05:41
that U.S. intelligence agencies go to extremes
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je da američke službe odlaze u krajnost
05:44
such as infiltrating standardization bodies
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poput ubacivanja svojih ljudi
u međunarodne odbore
za standardizaciju
za standardizaciju
05:48
to sabotage encryption algorithms on purpose.
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da bi sabotirali algoritme šifrovanja.
05:53
And what that means
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To znači da
05:55
is that you take something which is secure,
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imate nešto što je bezbedno,
05:57
an encryption algorithm which is so secure
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algoritam koji je toliko siguran
05:59
that if you use that algorithm to encrypt one file,
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da ako ga iskoristite
da zaštitite jedan fajl,
06:02
nobody can decrypt that file.
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niko drugi mu ne može pristupiti.
06:04
Even if they take every single computer on the planet just to decrypt that one file,
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Čak i ako bi svaki postojeći kompjuter
bio upotrebljen da ga dešifruje
moglo bi da traje u nedogled.
06:08
it's going to take millions of years.
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06:11
So that's basically perfectly safe, uncrackable.
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U suštini je to savršeno bezbedno.
06:13
You take something which is that good
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Kada uzmete nešto što je toliko dobro,
06:15
and then you weaken it on purpose,
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i namerno ga oslabite,
06:17
making all of us less secure as an end result.
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rezultat je manja sigurnost svih nas.
06:23
A real-world equivalent would be that
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U stvarnom svetu to bi bilo kao kad bi
06:25
intelligence agencies would force
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obaveštajne službe ubacile tajnu šifru
06:28
some secret pin code into every single house alarm
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u svaki alarm
06:31
so they could get into every single house
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tako da mogu da uđu u svaku kuću,
06:32
because, you know, bad people
might have house alarms,
might have house alarms,
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jer i loši ljudi imaju alarme na kućama,
06:35
but it will also make all of us
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ali zbog toga ćemo svi
06:37
less secure as an end result.
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biti manje sigurni.
06:39
Backdooring encryption algorithms
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Zaobilaženje algoritama za šifrovanje
06:43
just boggles the mind.
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jednostavno izmiče našoj svesti.
06:46
But of course, these intelligence agencies
are doing their job.
are doing their job.
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Obaveštajne službe
samo rade svoj posao.
samo rade svoj posao.
06:50
This is what they have been told to do:
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To je ono što im je rečeno:
06:52
do signals intelligence,
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skupljajte podatke iz signala,
06:54
monitor telecommunications,
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nadgledajte telekomunikacije,
06:56
monitor Internet traffic.
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nadgledajte internet saobraćaj.
06:57
That's what they're trying to do,
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To je ono što oni pokušavaju da urade,
06:59
and since most, a very big part
of the Internet traffic today is encrypted,
of the Internet traffic today is encrypted,
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a pošto je veliki deo interneta zaštićen,
07:02
they're trying to find ways around the encryption.
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traže načine da to zaobiđu.
07:04
One way is to sabotage encryption algorithms,
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Jedan od načina je
sabotiranje algoritama,
sabotiranje algoritama,
07:07
which is a great example
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što je sjajan pokazatelj
07:09
about how U.S. intelligence agencies
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toga kako se američke službe ponašaju.
07:11
are running loose.
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07:13
They are completely out of control,
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Kompletno su izmakli kontroli,
07:15
and they should be brought back under control.
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koju im treba ponovo uvesti.
07:21
So what do we actually know about the leaks?
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Kako smo u stvari saznali za sve ovo?
07:24
Everything is based on the files
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Sve se zasniva na dokumentima
07:26
leaked by Mr. Snowden.
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koja je objavio gospodin Snouden.
07:29
The very first PRISM slides
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Prvi slajdovi Prizme
07:32
from the beginning of June
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sa početka juna
pokazuju detalje programa
07:34
detail a collection program where the data
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u kojim skupljaju podatke
07:36
is collected from service providers,
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od servisnih provajdera,
07:37
and they actually go and name the service providers
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gde se imenuju svi provajderi
07:40
they have access to.
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kojima imaju pristup.
07:42
They even have a specific date
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Postoje i tačni datumi
07:45
on when the collection of data began
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kada je prikupljanje počelo
07:47
for each of the service providers.
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za svakog provajdera.
07:49
So for example, they name
the collection from Microsoft
the collection from Microsoft
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Navodi se da je
preuzimanje podataka od Majkrosofta
07:51
started on September 11, 2007,
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počelo 11. septembra 2007.
07:55
for Yahoo on the March 12, 2008,
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od Jahua 12. marta 2008.
07:58
and then others: Google, Facebook,
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a zatim slede i ostali:
Gugl, Fejsbuk,
Gugl, Fejsbuk,
08:01
Skype, Apple and so on.
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Skajp, Epl i tako dalje.
08:04
And every single one of these companies denies.
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Svaka od ovih kompanija
poriče umešanost.
poriče umešanost.
08:07
They all say that this simply isn't true,
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Svi kažu da to nije istina
08:11
that they are not giving
backdoor access to their data.
backdoor access to their data.
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i da niko nema pristup
njihovim podacima.
njihovim podacima.
08:16
Yet we have these files.
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Sa druge strane imamo ta dokumenta.
08:20
So is one of the parties lying,
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Ili neko laže
08:22
or is there some other alternative explanation?
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ili postoji drugo objašnjenje.
08:25
And one explanation would be
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Jedno od objašnjenja bi bilo
08:28
that these parties, these service providers,
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da provajderi
08:31
are not cooperating.
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ne sarađuju,
08:33
Instead, they've been hacked.
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već su hakovani.
To bi sve objasnilo.
08:36
That would explain it. They aren't cooperating. They've been hacked.
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Ne sarađuju.
Hakovani su.
Hakovani su.
08:39
In this case, they've been hacked
by their own government.
by their own government.
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Hakovala ih je sopstvena vlada.
08:44
That might sound outlandish,
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Možda zvuči čudno,
08:46
but we already have cases where this has happened,
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ali dešavalo se već i ranije,
08:48
for example, the case of the Flame malware
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na primer u slučaju Flejm virusa
08:51
which we strongly believe was authored
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za koji se veruje da je odobren
08:53
by the U.S. government,
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od strane američke vlade,
08:55
and which, to spread, subverted the security
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a za širenje je koristio
08:59
of the Windows Update network,
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Windows Update mrežu,
09:02
meaning here, the company was hacked
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što pokazuje da je kompaniju
09:06
by their own government.
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hakovala vlada.
09:08
And there's more evidence
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1599
Postoji još dokaza
09:10
supporting this theory as well.
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2551
koji podržavaju ovu teoriju.
Nemački list Der Spiegel
09:13
Der Spiegel, from Germany, leaked more information
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4005
objavio je informacije
09:17
about the operations run by the elite hacker units
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o operacijama elitnih hakerskih timova,
09:21
operating inside these intelligence agencies.
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3035
koji rade unutar obaveštajnih agencija.
09:24
Inside NSA, the unit is called TAO,
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Unutar NSA-e,
ta jedinica se naziva TAO,
ta jedinica se naziva TAO,
09:27
Tailored Access Operations,
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1845
skraćeno od
Tailored Access Operations,
Tailored Access Operations,
09:28
and inside GCHQ, which is the U.K. equivalent,
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a unutar GCHQ, britanskog ekvivalenta,
09:32
it's called NAC, Network Analysis Centre.
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naziva se NAC:
Network Analysis Centre.
Network Analysis Centre.
09:36
And these recent leaks of these three slides
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3844
Skorašnje objavljivanje ova tri slajda
09:40
detail an operation
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daje nam uvid u operaciju
09:42
run by this GCHQ intelligence agency
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britanske obaveštajne službe
09:45
from the United Kingdom
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09:47
targeting a telecom here in Belgium.
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usmerenu na belgijske telekomunikacije.
09:51
And what this really means
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To znači da obaveštajna služba
09:53
is that an E.U. country's intelligence agency
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članice Evropske Unije
09:57
is breaching the security
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2215
namerno narušava sigurnost
10:00
of a telecom of a fellow E.U. country on purpose,
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telekomunikacija druge članice,
10:04
and they discuss it in their slides completely casually,
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i o tome se priča opušteno
10:08
business as usual.
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1601
kao da je to uobičajena stvar.
10:10
Here's the primary target,
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598328
1668
Ovo je primarna meta,
10:11
here's the secondary target,
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599996
1378
ovo sekundarna,
10:13
here's the teaming.
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a ovo je udruženo.
10:14
They probably have a team building
on Thursday evening in a pub.
on Thursday evening in a pub.
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Verovatno se četvrtkom okupljaju u pabu.
10:18
They even use cheesy PowerPoint clip art
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606654
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Čak koriste i izlizane PowerPoint sličice
10:21
like, you know, "Success,"
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609695
1707
kao što je Uspeh,
10:23
when they gain access to services like this.
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3264
kada dobiju pristup ovakvim servisima.
10:26
What the hell?
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Zaboga.
10:31
And then there's the argument
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619685
1833
Neki kažu
10:33
that okay, yes, this might be going on,
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621518
1660
da je moguće da se to dešava,
10:35
but then again, other countries are doing it as well.
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ali i druge zemlje to rade.
10:37
All countries spy.
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2423
Sve zemlje špijuniraju.
10:40
And maybe that's true.
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628238
1738
Možda je to tačno.
Mnoge zemlje špijuniraju, ne sve,
10:41
Many countries spy, not all of them,
but let's take an example.
but let's take an example.
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ali hajde da vidimo primer.
10:44
Let's take, for example, Sweden.
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632414
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Uzmimo Švedsku.
10:46
I'm speaking of Sweden because Sweden
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634525
1376
Pričaćemo o njoj,
10:47
has a little bit of a similar law to the United States.
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635901
2279
jer je švedski zakon sličan američkom.
10:50
When your data traffic goes through Sweden,
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Kada vaši podaci prolaze kroz Švedsku
10:52
their intelligence agency has a legal right by the law
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640303
2810
njihove službe imaju zakonsko pravo
10:55
to intercept that traffic.
228
643113
2001
da presretnu tok tih informacija.
10:57
All right, how many Swedish decisionmakers
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645114
3205
Koliko bitnih ljudi u Švedskoj,
11:00
and politicians and business leaders
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2872
političara i preduzetnika
11:03
use, every day, U.S.-based services,
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3073
svakodnevno koristi američke servise
11:06
like, you know, run Windows or OSX,
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3268
kao što je Windows ili OSX,
11:09
or use Facebook or LinkedIn,
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2210
koristi Facebook ili Linkedln,
11:11
or store their data in clouds like iCloud
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659742
3400
čuva podatke na mrežama
kao što su iCloud,
kao što su iCloud,
11:15
or Skydrive or DropBox,
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663142
3894
Skydrive ili DropBox,
11:19
or maybe use online services like
Amazon web services or sales support?
Amazon web services or sales support?
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667036
4303
ili možda koristi onlajn servise
poput Amazona
ili prodajnih posrednika.
ili prodajnih posrednika.
11:23
And the answer is, every single Swedish
business leader does that every single day.
business leader does that every single day.
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Svaki švedski preduzetnik
to radi svakodnevno.
11:27
And then we turn it around.
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675296
1599
Da vidimo drugu stranu.
11:28
How many American leaders
239
676895
1905
Koliko američkih predstavnika
11:30
use Swedish webmails and cloud services?
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678800
4293
koristi švedske servise?
11:35
And the answer is zero.
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2040
Odgovor je nula.
11:37
So this is not balanced.
242
685133
2269
Tako da to nije ujednačeno.
11:39
It's not balanced by any means, not even close.
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687402
4625
Nije čak ni blizu.
11:44
And when we do have the occasional
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692027
2441
Čak i kada se povremeno pojave
11:46
European success story,
245
694468
2001
uspešne priče u Evropi,
11:48
even those, then, typically end up being sold
to the United States.
to the United States.
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696469
3566
i njih na kraju prodaju SAD-u.
11:52
Like, Skype used to be secure.
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700035
2264
Skype je nekada bio siguran.
11:54
It used to be end-to-end encrypted.
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2733
Protok informacija
bio je potpuno zaštićen.
bio je potpuno zaštićen.
11:57
Then it was sold to the United States.
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2041
Onda je prodat SAD-u.
11:59
Today, it no longer is secure.
250
707073
2649
I danas više nije bezbedan.
12:01
So once again, we take something which is secure
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3221
Opet imamo nešto bezbedno,
12:04
and then we make it less secure on purpose,
252
712943
1870
namerno ga oslabimo
12:06
making all of us less secure as an outcome.
253
714813
4484
i za rezultat imamo manju sigurnost svih.
12:12
And then the argument that the United States
254
720855
2247
Izgovor glasi da se SAD
12:15
is only fighting terrorists.
255
723102
2018
jednostavno bori sa teroristima.
12:17
It's the war on terror.
256
725120
1166
To je rat protiv terorizma.
12:18
You shouldn't worry about it.
257
726286
2547
Mi ne bi trebalo da brinemo.
12:20
Well, it's not the war on terror.
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2230
Ovo nije rat protiv terorizma.
12:23
Yes, part of it is war on terror, and yes,
259
731063
2173
Jedan deo jeste, i naravno,
12:25
there are terrorists, and they do kill and maim,
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733236
2976
postoje teroristi koji ubijaju i sakate,
12:28
and we should fight them,
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1551
i treba se boriti protiv njih,
12:29
but we know through these leaks
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1606
ali iz ovih propusta smo saznali
12:31
that they have used the same techniques
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739369
2582
da su iste postupke koristili
12:33
to listen to phone calls of European leaders,
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741951
3336
da prisluškuju telefone evropskih lidera,
12:37
to tap the email of residents of Mexico and Brazil,
265
745287
3455
da prate imejlove u Meksiku i Brazilu,
12:40
to read email traffic inside the United Nations Headquarters and E.U. Parliament,
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748742
4806
da prate elektronsku komunikaciju
unutar sedišta Ujedinjenih nacija
i parlamenta Evropske Unije,
12:45
and I don't think they are trying to find terrorists
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3154
a mislim da nisu baš tražili teroriste
12:48
from inside the E.U. Parliament, right?
268
756702
3018
unutar evropskog Parlamenta, zar ne?
12:51
It's not the war on terror.
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759720
1948
To nije rat protiv terorizma.
12:53
Part of it might be, and there are terrorists,
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761668
4142
Deo možda jeste, i oni svakako postoje,
12:57
but are we really thinking about terrorists
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2427
ali da li su teroristi zaista
13:00
as such an existential threat
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2169
tolika pretnja opstanku
13:02
that we are willing to do anything at all to fight them?
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3676
da smo spremni na bilo šta?
13:06
Are the Americans ready
to throw away the Constituion
to throw away the Constituion
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3491
Da li bi Amerikanci odbacili svoj ustav
13:09
and throw it in the trash
just because there are terrorists?
just because there are terrorists?
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4241
i bacili ga u đubre zbog terorista?
13:13
And the same thing with the Bill of Rights
and all the amendments
and all the amendments
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781814
2524
Isto je sa Poveljom o pravima,
svim amandmanima,
13:16
and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights
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2317
Međunarodnom deklaracijom
ljudskih prava,
ljudskih prava,
13:18
and the E.U. conventions on human rights
and fundamental freedoms
and fundamental freedoms
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786655
5151
evropskom Konvencijom o ljudskim pravima,
osnovnim ljudskim slobodama,
i slobodom štampe?
13:23
and the press freedom?
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791806
1517
13:25
Do we really think terrorism
is such an existential threat,
is such an existential threat,
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793323
3815
Da li zaista mislimo da je terorizam
toliko velika pretnja
13:29
we are ready to do anything at all?
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797138
3126
da smo spremni na bilo šta?
13:34
But people are scared about terrorists,
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2664
Ljudi se plaše terorista,
13:37
and then they think that
maybe that surveillance is okay
maybe that surveillance is okay
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805154
2414
i misle da je nadzor u redu
13:39
because they have nothing to hide.
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807568
2044
jer oni nemaju šta da kriju.
13:41
Feel free to survey me if that helps.
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2707
Slobodno preispitajte moje reči.
13:44
And whoever tells you that they have nothing to hide
286
812319
2888
Ko god vam kaže da nema šta da krije,
13:47
simply hasn't thought about this long enough.
287
815207
4713
jednostavno nije dobro razmislio o tome.
13:54
(Applause)
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5865
(Aplauz)
14:00
Because we have this thing called privacy,
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2772
Imamo nešto što se zove privatnost,
14:03
and if you really think that you have nothing to hide,
290
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2345
i ako mislite da nemate šta da krijete,
14:05
please make sure that's the first thing you tell me,
291
833502
2216
neka to bude prva stvar koju ćete mi reći,
14:07
because then I know
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835718
1550
jer ću onda znati
14:09
that I should not trust you with any secrets,
293
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1640
da ne treba da vam poveravam tajne,
14:10
because obviously you can't keep a secret.
294
838908
3298
jer očigledno nećete znati da ih čuvate.
14:17
But people are brutally honest with the Internet,
295
845065
3829
Ljudi su brutalno iskreni
sa internetom
14:20
and when these leaks started,
296
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2696
i kada je sve počelo,
14:23
many people were asking me about this.
297
851590
1878
mnogi su me pitali za to.
14:25
And I have nothing to hide.
298
853468
1574
A ja nemam šta da krijem.
14:27
I'm not doing anything bad or anything illegal.
299
855042
3290
Ne radim ništa loše ili ilegalno.
14:30
Yet, I have nothing that I would in particular
300
858332
2785
Ali ne postoji ništa posebno
14:33
like to share with an intelligence agency,
301
861117
2793
što bih podelio
sa obaveštajnom agencijom,
sa obaveštajnom agencijom,
14:35
especially a foreign intelligence agency.
302
863910
4137
posebno ne stranom.
14:40
And if we indeed need a Big Brother,
303
868047
2855
Ukoliko nam je zaista
potreban Veliki Brat
potreban Veliki Brat
14:42
I would much rather have a domestic Big Brother
304
870902
3478
radije bih imao domaćeg,
14:46
than a foreign Big Brother.
305
874380
3160
nego stranog Velikog Brata.
14:49
And when the leaks started,
the very first thing I tweeted about this
the very first thing I tweeted about this
306
877545
5059
Kada je curenje informacija počelo,
prva stvar koju sam tvitovao
je komentar o tome kako ste možda,
14:54
was a comment about how,
307
882604
2074
14:56
when you've been using search engines,
308
884678
1688
koristeći pretraživače,
14:58
you've been potentially leaking all that
to U.S. intelligence.
to U.S. intelligence.
309
886366
3649
davali sve to američkim obaveštajcima.
15:02
And two minutes later, I got a reply
310
890015
1972
Dva minuta kasnije, dobio sam odgovor
15:03
by somebody called Kimberly from the United States
311
891987
2336
od Kimberli iz SAD-a,
kojim me izaziva da kažem zašto brinem.
15:06
challenging me, like, why am I worried about this?
312
894323
2167
Šta ja to šaljem kad brinem?
15:08
What am I sending to worry about this?
Am I sending naked pictures or something?
Am I sending naked pictures or something?
313
896503
4032
Fotografije koje sadrže golotinju
ili nešto slično?
ili nešto slično?
15:12
And my answer to Kimberly was
314
900535
1968
Moj odgovor njoj je bio
da ono što ja šaljem ne treba da je zanima
15:14
that what I'm sending is none of your business,
315
902503
3029
kao ni njenu vladu.
15:17
and it should be none
of your government's business either.
of your government's business either.
316
905532
4265
15:21
Because that's what it's about. It's about privacy.
317
909797
2252
O privatnosti ne treba pregovarati.
15:24
Privacy is nonnegotiable.
318
912049
1914
15:25
It should be built in to all the systems we use.
319
913963
3960
Ona treba da bude sastavni deo sistema.
15:31
(Applause)
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919968
3578
(Aplauz)
15:38
And one thing we should all understand
321
926830
2619
Ono što svi treba da shvatimo je
15:41
is that we are brutally honest with search engines.
322
929449
4599
da smo sa pretraživačima potpuno iskreni.
Pokažite mi vašu istoriju pretrage
15:46
You show me your search history,
323
934048
2751
15:48
and I'll find something incriminating
324
936799
2366
i ja ću naći nešto diskriminišuće
15:51
or something embarrassing there in five minutes.
325
939165
3437
ili sramotno u roku od pet minuta.
Iskreniji smo sa pretraživačima,
15:54
We are more honest with search engines
326
942602
1788
15:56
than we are with our families.
327
944390
1762
nego sa sopstvenim porodicama.
15:58
Search engines know more about you
328
946152
2091
Pretraživači o vama znaju više
nego članovi porodice.
16:00
than your family members know about you.
329
948243
2766
16:03
And this is all the kind
of information we are giving away,
of information we are giving away,
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951009
3088
I baš to su informacije
koje odajemo SAD-u.
16:06
we are giving away to the United States.
331
954097
4375
16:10
And surveillance changes history.
332
958472
2478
A nadzor menja istoriju.
16:12
We know this through examples
of corrupt presidents like Nixon.
of corrupt presidents like Nixon.
333
960950
3209
Znamo to iz slučajeva
korumpiranih predsednika,
poput Niksona.
poput Niksona.
16:16
Imagine if he would have had the kind
of surveillance tools that are available today.
of surveillance tools that are available today.
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964159
4472
Zamislite da smo imali
današnju tehniku.
današnju tehniku.
16:20
And let me actually quote
335
968631
2309
Citiraću predsednicu Brazila,
16:22
the president of Brazil, Ms. Dilma Rousseff.
336
970940
3133
gospođu Dilmu Rusef.
16:26
She was one of the targets of NSA surveillance.
337
974073
3286
Ona je bila meta NSA špijunaže.
Njeni mejlovi su čitani,
i ona je govorila
i ona je govorila
16:29
Her email was read, and she spoke
338
977359
2276
u sedištu Ujedinjenih nacija, rekavši:
16:31
at the United Nations Headquarters, and she said,
339
979635
3023
"Ukoliko nema prava na privatnost,
16:34
"If there is no right to privacy,
340
982658
2013
ne može biti istinske
16:36
there can be no true freedom
of expression and opinion,
of expression and opinion,
341
984671
2827
slobode izražavanja i mišljenja,
16:39
and therefore, there can be no effective democracy."
342
987498
5111
pa ne može biti
ni istinske demokratije".
ni istinske demokratije".
16:44
That's what it's about.
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992609
2345
O tome se radi.
16:46
Privacy is the building block of our democracies.
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994954
3868
Demokratija se gradi na privatnosti.
16:52
And to quote a fellow security researcher, Marcus Ranum,
345
1000611
3465
Citiraću kolegu ispitivača bezbednosti,
Markusa Ranuma,
koji je rekao da SAD tretira internet
16:56
he said that the United States
is right now treating the Internet
is right now treating the Internet
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1004076
3827
kao što bi tretirao neku od kolonija.
16:59
as it would be treating one of its colonies.
347
1007903
3093
17:02
So we are back to the age of colonization,
348
1010996
2565
Vratili smo se u doba kolonizacije
17:05
and we, the foreign users of the Internet,
349
1013561
3062
i mi, strani korisnici interneta
17:08
we should think about Americans as our masters.
350
1016623
3705
treba da mislimo o amerikancima
kao o gazdama.
17:15
So Mr. Snowden, he's been blamed for many things.
351
1023005
3975
Gospodin Snouden je okrivljen
za mnogo toga.
za mnogo toga.
Neki ga krive za uzrokovanje problema
17:18
Some are blaming him for causing problems
352
1026980
2654
američkoj industriji računarstva u oblaku
i softverskim kompanijama,
i softverskim kompanijama,
17:21
for the U.S. cloud industry
and software companies with these revelations --
and software companies with these revelations --
353
1029634
3191
17:24
and blaming Snowden for causing problems
for the U.S. cloud industry
for the U.S. cloud industry
354
1032825
4296
a kriviti njega za probleme
računarstva u oblaku,
bilo bi kao kriviti Ala Gora
17:29
would be the equivalent of blaming Al Gore
355
1037121
2459
za globalno otopljavanje.
17:31
for causing global warming.
356
1039580
2317
(Smeh)
17:33
(Laughter)
357
1041897
2254
(Aplauz)
17:36
(Applause)
358
1044151
5071
Šta treba uraditi?
17:43
So, what is there to be done?
359
1051853
6208
17:50
Should we worry. No, we shouldn't worry.
360
1058061
1780
Da li da brinemo?
Ne treba da brinemo.
Ne treba da brinemo.
17:51
We should be angry, because this is wrong,
361
1059841
2436
Treba da budemo ljuti,
jer je to pogrešno
jer je to pogrešno
i nepristojno, i ne treba to raditi.
17:54
and it's rude, and it should not be done.
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Ali to neće mnogo promeniti situaciju.
17:57
But that's not going to really change the situation.
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Ono što će je promeniti
17:59
What's going to change the situation
for the rest of the world
for the rest of the world
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je pokušaj da se odmaknemo
18:02
is to try to steer away
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od sistema programiranih u SAD.
18:04
from systems built in the United States.
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A to je lakše reći nego uraditi.
18:07
And that's much easier said than done.
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Kako to izvesti?
18:10
How do you do that?
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Jedna zemlja, bilo koja u Evropi,
18:11
A single country, any single country in Europe
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18:13
cannot replace and build replacements
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ne može zameniti i izgraditi zamene
za američke operativne sisteme i servise.
18:16
for the U.S.-made operating systems
and cloud services.
and cloud services.
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Možda ne treba to da radite sami.
18:19
But maybe you don't have to do it alone.
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Možda to možete sa drugim zemljama.
18:21
Maybe you can do it together with other countries.
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18:22
The solution is open source.
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Rešenje je slobodan izvor.
Izgradivši otvoren,
18:26
By building together open, free, secure systems,
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slobodan i siguran sistem,
možemo zaobići takvo nadgledanje,
18:31
we can go around such surveillance,
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tako da nijedna zemlja
18:34
and then one country doesn't have
to solve the problem by itself.
to solve the problem by itself.
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ne rešava problem sama.
Mora se rešiti samo jedan mali problem.
18:38
It only has to solve one little problem.
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Kao što je rekao Haron Mer,
18:40
And to quote a fellow security researcher, Haroon Meer,
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jedna zemlja treba da napravi mali talas,
18:46
one country only has to make a small wave,
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ti mali talasi zajedno će postati plima,
18:49
but those small waves together become a tide,
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a plima će podići sve brodove
istovremeno;
istovremeno;
18:52
and the tide will lift all the boats up at the same time,
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plima koju ćemo mi izgraditi
18:56
and the tide we will build
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otvorenim i sigurnim sistemima
18:57
with secure, free, open-source systems,
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će postati plima koja će dići sve nas
19:01
will become the tide that will lift all of us
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19:03
up and above the surveillance state.
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visoko iznad nadzora države.
Hvala vam mnogo.
19:09
Thank you very much.
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(Aplauz)
19:11
(Applause)
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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Mikko Hypponen - Cybersecurity expertAs computer access expands, Mikko Hypponen asks: What's the next killer virus, and will the world be able to cope with it? And also: How can we protect digital privacy in the age of government surveillance?
Why you should listen
The chief research officer at F-Secure Corporation in Finland, Mikko Hypponen has led his team through some of the largest computer virus outbreaks in history. His team took down the world-wide network used by the Sobig.F worm. He was the first to warn the world about the Sasser outbreak, and he has done classified briefings on the operation of the Stuxnet worm -- a hugely complex worm designed to sabotage Iranian nuclear enrichment facilities.
As a few hundred million more Internet users join the web from India and China and elsewhere, and as governments and corporations become more sophisticated at using viruses as weapons, Hypponen asks, what's next? Who will be at the front defending the world’s networks from malicious software? He says: "It's more than unsettling to realize there are large companies out there developing backdoors, exploits and trojans."
Even more unsettling: revelations this year that the United States' NSA is conducting widespread digital surveillance of both US citizens and anyone whose data passes through a US entity, and that it has actively sabotaged encryption algorithms. Hypponen has become one of the most outspoken critics of the agency's programs and asks us all: Why are we so willing to hand over digital privacy?
Read his open-season Q&A on Reddit:"My TED Talk was just posted. Ask me anything.
See the full documentary on the search for the Brain virus.
Mikko Hypponen | Speaker | TED.com