Neri Oxman: Design at the intersection of technology and biology
ネリ・オックスマン: テクノロジーとバイオロジーを融合したデザイン
From the micro scale to the building scale, Neri Oxman imagines and creates structures and objects that are inspired, informed and engineered by, for and with nature. Full bio
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the other is designed by her.
後者は自然によりデザインされました
when he looked at raw marble,
手つかずの大理石を目にして
彫像が見えたと言います
our cells, we carry all the information
一番小さな単位 細胞には
to function and to replicate.
あらゆる情報が詰め込まれています
the world of design has been dominated
and mass production.
支配されて来ました
a world made of parts,
部品で構成された世界観を生み出し
of designers and architects
about their objects as assemblies
部品で出来上がったものと
material assemblies in nature.
出来上がっているのではありません
with large pores.
大きな毛穴があります
with small pores.
小さな毛穴が開いています
no parts, no assemblies.
部品ごとに組み合わされたものではありません
varies its functionality
次第にその機能が変化していく
to represent my split world view,
私の分断された世界観を表現します
and architect operating today
分裂したパーソナリティー を表します
between assembly and growth,
組み立てと成長
my left brain and right brain,
私の左脳と右脳
それらが背後の2つのスクリーンに現れます
on the two screens behind me.
or even five years ago?
それができなかったのだろう?
is giving designers access to tools
今まで手に入らなかったようなツールを
complex forms with simple code;
letting us produce parts
rather than carving it out;
付加製造技術
design the behavior of materials
素材の性質をデザインする
functionality by editing DNA.
合成生物学です
of these four fields,
これらの4領域が交差する場所で
and structures and tools across scales,
そして構造を作り出しています
ロボット・アームによって
with an 80-foot diameter reach
one day soon print entire buildings,
印刷出来るようになる一方
of genetically engineered microorganisms
暗闇で光る微生物による
Arabic architecture,
every aperture is uniquely sized
moving through it.
スクリーンを生み出しました
of creating a cape and skirt --
パリ・ファッションショーの為に
with Iris van Herpen --
that are made of a single part,
flexible around the waist.
3D printing collaborator Stratasys,
協力しているストラタシス社と共に
with no seams between the cells,
ケープとスカートをつくりました
stiff and soft materials
組み合わせています
analytic and synthetic tools,
not only the shape of our bodies,
身体組織の特性に合わせて
makeup of our tissues.
防音効果のある椅子を作りました
structural, comfortable
turned to nature for inspiration,
私たちは自然を着想の源に
surface pattern,
out of 44 different properties,
この椅子の表面は
on the human body.
選んで印刷しました
varies its functionality
場所に応じて変化しています
or another assembly,
組み立てたりせず
varying material property.
繊細にその材質の特性を変化させているのです
in a religious Jewish home,
育ったわけではありませんが
stories from the Hebrew Bible,
物語を引用し語ってくれました
to define much of what I care about.
多分に 私の価値観に影響を及ぼしました
God commands the Earth
there was to be no differentiation
幹や枝 葉と果実 という
leaves and fruit.
無かったはずだと思うのです
that have bark and stems and flowers.
木々を生やしました
if objects were made of a single part?
構成されていたら どんなデザインになるだろう?
state of creation?"
kind of material, and we found it.
on the planet is called chitin,
2番目に豊富なものは キチン質と呼ばれ
are produced every year
crabs, scorpions and butterflies.
its properties,
that are multifunctional
複数の機能を持つ構造を
and we produced chitosan paste.
キトサンのペーストを作り出しました
a wide array of properties --
in large scale,
extrusion system with multiple nozzles.
複数のノズルで射出するシステムをつくりました
material properties on the fly
made of a single material,
they're left to dry
upon contact with air.
designing with plastics?
of the printing process
photosynthetic microorganisms
光合成を行う微生物を包み込んでいたものです
3.5 billion year ago,
at Harvard and MIT,
that were genetically engineered
from the atmosphere
that would seamlessly transition
of synthetic biology,
合成生物学の手法で少し手を加えることにより
made of shrimp shells
that behaves like a tree.
デザインできたことです
and they will nourish marine life;
and they will help grow a tree.
using the same design principles
of creating life-sustaining clothing
服の開発も考えてみました
and be able to control their flow.
その動きを管理する必要があります
with our own table of the elements:
独自の要素記号表を作りました
were computationally grown,
計算通りに成長し
as liquid alchemy,
precious metals,
functionality inside very small channels.
チャネルの中に合成しているのです
in order to control the flow
コントロールするための
we combined two microorganisms.
2つの微生物を組み合わせました
and in freshwater ponds.
that inhabits the human gut.
the other consumes that sugar
useful for the built environment.
never interact in nature.
決して交わることはありません
engineered for the first time,
inside a piece of clothing.
not by natural selection,
デザインによって進化を遂げたのだと
that resembles the digestive tract,
and alter their function along the way.
場所に応じて変化しやすいようにしました
these channels on the human body,
素材の性質を変化させ
according to the desired functionality.
これらのチャンネルを成長させました
we would design more transparent channels.
透明なチャネルを増やしました
when it's stretched end to end,
目一杯に広げると
of a football field,
as our small intestines.
unveiled at TED --
inside a wearable clothing.
生命の輝きを放っています
creatures, but only half made up."
半分だけ仕上がった未完成の生き物たちだ」
that other half?
もしデザインで残りの半分を補えるとしたら?
that would augment living matter?
創り出せるとしたら?
personal microbiomes
repair damaged tissue
一種とも言えるでしょう
that was named after planets,
惑星から名前をとったコレクションで
to speculate about the future
with lots of mystery
from the age of the machine
between our bodies,
製品そして建築物までもが
to return back to nature.
prints material in layers.
重ねて印刷する事をご存知ですね
それは洗練した形で付加して行きます
sophisticated architecture,
close to this level of sophistication.
これ程の洗練に到達していません
in different concentrations.
the other is the glue, or the matrix,
もう1つは基質 つまり糊のように働き
to the environment --
a compressive cocoon.
the two forces of life,
生命の2つの力が
how this complex process works,
to the spinneret.
with magnetic sensors,
this 3-dimensional point cloud
of the silkworm cocoon.
the silkworm on a flat patch,
healthily metamorphisize.
気づきました
environments, different scaffolds,
the shape, the composition,
影響されていることを発見しました
informed by the environment.
inside their cocoons,
絹が解かれ繊維工業に
in the textile industry.
allowed us to give shape to raw silk
デザインすることで
出来ることに気づきました
to create these things.
to architectural scale.
規模にまで拡大しました
the template out of silk,
toward darker and colder areas,
to reveal the distribution
この構造にどのように
of light and heat,
on the structure.
from an online silk farm.
they were ready to spin with us.
蚕たちは糸を紡ぐ準備が出来ました
at the bottom rim of the scaffold,
骨格の下辺の縁に並べました
they mate, they lay eggs,
交尾し 卵を産みつけ
just like us but much, much shorter.
しかしずっと早い周期で繰り返されます
is the great integrity,
「完全な状態には緊張がある」と言いましたが
over robotically spun silk,
絹の上に紡ぎながら
pavilion its integrity.
紡ぎあげました
the length of the Silk Road.
これはシルクロードの長さでもあります
produce 1.5 million eggs.
additional pavilions for the future.
is to breathe life into the products
these two worldviews.
統合しなければなりません
to the beginning.
a new age of creation,
新しい創造の時代
a nature-inspired design
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Neri Oxman - Architect, designerFrom the micro scale to the building scale, Neri Oxman imagines and creates structures and objects that are inspired, informed and engineered by, for and with nature.
Why you should listen
Neri Oxman creates designs that usher the next building revolution by constructing products that transcend parts and assemblies. Head of the Mediated Matter research group at the MIT Media Lab, an architect and designer, she leads the search for ways in which digital fabrication technologies interact with natural environments and the biological world. Oxman’s approach, termed "Material Ecology," spans biology, computation, materials and digital fabrication. Her works are included in permanent collections in museums worldwide including the MoMA, Centre Pompidou, the Boston MFA and the Smithsonian Institution.
Neri Oxman | Speaker | TED.com