Wendy Troxel: Why school should start later for teens
ウェンディ・トロクセル: ティーンエイジャーの登校時間を遅らせるべき理由とは
Wendy Troxel specializes in behavioral treatments for insomnia and other sleep disorders. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
is fast asleep in his bed,
熟睡しています
deep sleep of a teenager.
大胆にもぐっすりと眠っています
shake the poor boy awake,
かわいそうな我が子を揺すり起こします
like ripping off a Band-Aid,
just to rouse her sleeping teen.
「火事よ」と叫ぶ友人がいます
on her son's head
なかったそうです
of the sleep he desperately needs
息子に絶対的に必要な眠りを
自然な体内時計が
biological clock tells him he's ready,
何時間も前に 息子を起こすことで
of his dreams --
彼の夢も奪っているのです —
with learning, memory consolidation
that's being deprived of sleep.
私の子供だけではありません
American teenagers is an epidemic.
睡眠不足がまん延しています
the eight to 10 hours of sleep per night
10人に1人に過ぎません
and pediatricians.
うちの子は8時間眠ている」と
my kid's getting eight hours,"
the minimum recommendation.
推奨時間の最低ですので
getting a C on your report card.
というところです
contributing to this epidemic,
沢山の要素が影響していますが
from getting the sleep they need
確保できない一番の要因は
スナップチャットではありません
around 7:30am or earlier,
午前7:30頃かそれ以前の始業です
medical organizations recommend
中学・高校教育の始業時刻として
start no earlier than 8:30am.
推奨しているにも関わらずです
have a direct effect on how much --
アメリカのティーンエイジャーの睡眠量
American teenagers are getting.
直接影響をあたえています
teenagers and their parents
自分たちの身体を相手に
against their own bodies.
しているのです
in their biological clock,
最も眠くなる時間帯を決める
and when we feel most sleepy.
in the release of the hormone melatonin.
分泌される時間が遅れることが その一因です
melatonin until around 11pm,
メラトニンが分泌されません
we see in adults or younger children.
2時間遅いです
at 6am is the biological equivalent
ティーンエイジャーを午前6時に起こす事は
同じなのです
when I have to wake up at 4am,
不運な日には
teenagers feel every single school day.
登校日に毎日感じているのです
せいにしている
that we chalk up to being a teenager --
落ち込み などが
laziness, depression --
of chronic sleep deprivation.
結果だという可能性もあります
battling chronic sleep loss,
10代の子の多くにとって
is consuming large quantities of caffeine
大量のカフェイン摂取 —
of tired but wired youth.
ピリピリとした状態なのです
start times know
支持者が理解しているように
of dramatic brain development,
時期ですが
higher order thinking processes,
正しい判断力を含む
and good judgment.
急成長します
of brain activity that's responsible
思春期の特徴であり
and often risky behaviors
恐怖を感じるような
to us parents of teenagers.
脳の活動に深く関わる部分なのです
get the sleep they need,
必要な睡眠が取れなければ
and behaviors suffer
悪影響を受けるのです
behavioral signs that mimic ADHD.
行動的な兆候が現れます
go well beyond the classroom,
学校での生活にとどまらず
of the mental health problems
精神衛生上の問題を引き起こし
from LA Unified School District,
私たちが行った調査では
to have used alcohol in the past month.
55%高いことがわかりました
30,000 high school students,
別の調査では
for each hour of lost sleep,
in feeling sad or hopeless,
in teen suicide attempts.
わかりました
are at increased risk
that plague our country,
肥満、心臓病、糖尿病などの
heart disease and diabetes.
犯されるリスクが高まります
of putting a sleep-deprived teen,
or less of sleep per night
睡眠時間が5時間以下の場合
alcohol content above the legal limit.
運転するのと同じくらい危険です
大きな利益が生まれる
of later start times.
科学的見解を示しました
with that kind of certainty.
言えるものはありません
with later start times get more sleep.
睡眠を多くとっています
that if schools start later,
夜ふかしが増えるだけだと
by 25 percent in one district.
they do better academically.
成績も上がります
for reducing the achievement gap.
学力格差の縮小が期待できます
in math and reading
数学と読解力の成績が
by one-third fewer students,
クラスの生徒数を1/3減らしたり
in the classroom
真に優秀な教師に交代させるのと
more pleasantness from our teens,
気難しくなくなれば
事故率が70%減りました
failed to heed this call?
耳を貸さないのでしょうか?
start times goes something like this:
多くの場合こんな感じです —
start times for teenagers?
始業時間を遅らせるのか?
so they're ready for the real world!"
現実社会に出る準備をさせるべきだ」
to the parent of a two-year-old,
と言うのと同じです
many logistical challenges.
送迎時の課題も多く出てきます
対策が必要になります
that come up in district after district,
国中のあらゆる学区で
we have to work through.
for our children,
すなわち —
no earlier than 8:30am.
しないことの 口実にはできません
who have made this change,
are often unfounded
benefits for student health
社会全体の安全性にとっての
to set our clocks back by an hour
extra hour of sleep,
1時間増えて
考えてください
to wake up naturally,
できることの恩恵について
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Wendy Troxel - Sleep researcherWendy Troxel specializes in behavioral treatments for insomnia and other sleep disorders.
Why you should listen
Dr. Wendy Troxel is a Senior Behavioral and Social Scientist at RAND and Adjunct Professor of Psychiatry and Psychology at the University of Pittsburgh. She is a licensed clinical psychologist specializing in behavioral treatments for insomnia and other sleep disorders across the lifespan. Her research is funded by the National Heart Lung Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health and the Department of Defense. Troxel's research focuses on the interface between sleep, social environment and health, as well as the implications for public policy. She is considered the leading authority on how sleep affects and is affected by close relationships.
Troxel has received several awards and honors for her research from national and international scientific societies, and her work has been published in top-tier medical and psychological journals. Her research has been widely cited in the national and international media, including print and television interviews on CBS Sunday Morning, Good Morning America, the Wall Street Journal, the New York Times, MSNBC and CNN, and she has a regular blog on Huffington Post. Her research on sleep was also featured in two best-selling books: Arianna Huffington's Sleep Revolution and David Randall's Dreamland, and she was a featured expert in the National Geographic documentary Sleepless in America. She has published several highly influential RAND reports on sleep loss in the US military and the global economic implications of sleep loss. She recently was one of the co-organizers and presenters at the first-ever national conference on Adolescent Sleep, Health, and School Start Times, and she will serve as guest editor on an upcoming special issue in the journal Sleep Health on adolescent sleep and school start times.
Wendy Troxel | Speaker | TED.com