Jonathan Marks: In praise of conflict
Jonathan Marks: Os governos deveriam brigar com as corporações, e não colaborar com elas
Jonathan Marks works at the intersections of ethics, law and policy -- writing and speaking about torture, obesity, fracking, health care and other pressing issues of our time. Full bio
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and human rights lawyer
e defensor dos direitos humanos
com o direito em Londres,
do país estava reunida,
by an accident of history,
who had just quit his job
acabado de largar o emprego
one morning and said,
about human rights abuses in China."
dos direitos humanos na China".
about human rights abuses in China
trade relations with China."
comerciais com a China".
with his tail between his legs,
com o rabo entre as pernas
he returned again to his boss,
procurou o chefe de novo
about human rights in Burma,"
os direitos humanos na Birmânia",
do anything about human rights in Burma
fazer nada sobre isso,
any trade relations with Burma."
comercial com a Birmânia".
he knew he had to leave.
that got to him.
with other governments,
were being harmed.
estavam sendo prejudicadas.
a vision of the world.
who are not at the table,
à mesa de negociação,
an obligation to protect.
somewhat skeptical of a lawyer
desconfiados de um advogado
giving talks about ethics for free.
dando palestras gratuitas sobre ética.
de me lembrar, estou baixando de classe.
I'm downwardly mobile.
we lead our personal lives,
de conduzir nossa vida pessoal,
to one side for the moment,
we think about major problems
os grandes problemas
in the United States,
fundamental nos EUA,
three branches of government,
se divide em três Poderes:
and the judicial branch.
more sacred in our Constitution,
em nossa Constituição,
Constituição democrática,
and the judicial powers."
Executivo e Judiciário".
estavam preocupados apenas
and exercise of power.
the perils of influence.
os perigos do tráfico de influência.
the constitutionality of laws
a constitucionalidade das leis
of government accountable
os outros Poderes
relationships with them.
muito próximo com eles.
as one famous scholar put it,
disse um famoso pensador:
struggle with each other.
de fato, um com o outro.
the importance of struggle
get together and agree
aéreas norte-americanas se juntem
below 250 dollars a ticket.
abaixo dos US$ 250.
some would say collusion,
alguns chamariam de conluio,
pelas nossas passagens.
duas dessas empresas dizendo:
two airlines were to say,
the route from LA to Chicago,"
a rota Los Angeles para Chicago",
the route from Chicago to DC,
"Vamos fazer a rota Chicago para D.C.,
or collusion instead of competition,
ou conluio, em vez de competição,
the importance of struggle
between branches of government,
entre os Poderes constituídos,
the importance of conflict
a importância do conflito
among corporations,
entre corporações,
between the public and the private.
are collaborating with industry
se associam à indústria
and the environment,
de saúde pública e meio ambiente,
with the very corporations
the problems they are trying to solve.
que os governos estão tentando resolver.
decided to address a serious problem:
abordar um problema sério:
em escolas da Índia rural.
with national and local governments
com os governos federal e local,
multinational soda company.
than one million dollars,
of a months-long promotional campaign
promocional de um mês de duração,
televisiva de 12 horas
and color scheme.
a logomarca e as cores da empresa.
for its products.
for the intergovernmental agency,
para esse órgão intergovernamental,
to promote sustainable living.
promover a vida sustentável.
of sugar-sweetened beverages
de bebidas açucaradas,
and drunk out of plastic bottles
vendidas em garrafas de plástico,
grappling with obesity,
from a public health
nem do ponto de vista da saúde pública
one public health problem,
de saúde pública,
as sementes de um outro.
of dozens I discovered
das dezenas que descobri
between government and industry.
entre governo e indústria.
about the initiatives in parks
sobre as iniciativas,
promoting exercise,
promovendo atividades físicas,
creating voluntary pledges
criando promessas voluntárias
have become the paradigm in public health,
se tornaram o paradigma da saúde pública
from the point of view of industry.
da indústria, elas fazem todo o sentido.
public health problems and their solutions
de saúde pública e suas soluções
their commercial interests.
se torna um problema
and lack of physical activity.
e falta de atividade física.
involving major corporations.
envolvendo grandes corporações.
in strategies of influence
em estratégias de influência
de desenvolver contraestratégias
dessa forma com a indústria
to which industry will not agree.
com as quais a indústria não concorda.
to increased regulation
com o aumento da regulação,
stave off even more regulation
evitar ainda mais regulação
out of the market.
competidores do mercado.
em fazer certas coisas,
to do certain things,
of their unhealthy products,
de seus produtos não saudáveis,
competition law,
da forma como ela é hoje.
não deveriam misturar
means reaching agreement with industry.
significa fazer acordos com a indústria.
passando da parceria às claras
um pedaço de terra
have been sold.
dos seus direitos minerários.
is building a well pad on your land.
vai começar a perfurar em sua propriedade.
of the Hallowich family.
enfrentado pela família Hallowich.
de dores de cabeça,
of the noise, vibration
e nos clarões da queima do gás natural.
from the flaring of natural gas.
no qual apareceu essa foto,
where this image appeared,
we discovered why they fell silent.
descobrimos por que eles se calaram.
"O que aconteceu com os Hallowiches?"
"What happened to the Hallowiches?"
fizeram um acordo secreto
had made a secret settlement
a take-it-or-leave-it settlement.
um acordo tipo "pegar ou largar".
a eles uma cifra de seis dígitos
e começar uma nova vida,
and start your lives again,
falar da sua má experiência com a empresa,
of your experience with our company,
experience with fracking,
deles com o fraturamento,
by a medical examination.
num exame médico.
the Hallowiches for accepting
um acordo desse tipo
queria encobrir esse tipo de coisa.
to silence a squeaky wheel.
is the legal and regulatory system,
para o sistema regulatório e legal,
networks of agreements
exatamente como esse,
and seal off data points
em saúde pública e epidemiologistas;
and epidemiologists,
from issuing a violation notice
bad from a public health point of view;
do ponto de vista da saúde pública;
que continuam sem saber de nada.
not because they are isolated examples.
porque não se trata de casos isolados.
alguns contraexemplos,
of the public official
suicidal thoughts in adolescents.
aumentava pensamentos suicidas
who went after the food company
que foi atrás da empresa alimentícia
health benefits of its yogurt.
do seu iogurte para a saúde.
directed at both sides of the aisle
in the darkness,
we need to engage in conflict.
precisamos entrar num conflito.
in direct conflict with corporations.
em confronto direto com corporações.
are inherently good
são naturalmente bons
act to promote their commercial interests,
para promover seus interesses comerciais,
undermining or promoting the common good.
minando ou promovendo o bem comum.
of governments
of our common good.
do nosso bem comum.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Jonathan Marks - Bioethicist, lawyerJonathan Marks works at the intersections of ethics, law and policy -- writing and speaking about torture, obesity, fracking, health care and other pressing issues of our time.
Why you should listen
After studying law at Oxford University, Jonathan Marks qualified as a barrister and mediator, and he spent a decade in full-time practice in London. He became an expert on human rights, working on cases about torture (the Pinochet case), the protection of privacy and personal data, and the regulation of food, drugs and the environment.
The Greenwall Fellowship in Bioethics and Health Policy at Johns Hopkins and Georgetown Universities led to his current appointment as Director of the Bioethics Program at Penn State University, where he is also affiliated with the Rock Ethics Institute, Penn State Law and the School of International Affairs. He remains an academic member of Matrix, a London barristers' chambers with offices in Geneva.
Marks is passionate about teaching and lecturing, as his TED talk, and an article in the New York Times both attest. The talk offers a preview of his book manuscript, The Perils of Partnership. It also draws on research he conducted during his six-year affiliation with the Edmond J. Safra Center for Ethics at Harvard and during residencies at the Hastings Center and at the Brocher Foundation in Geneva.
Learn more about Marks's ideas from several articles, essays, and op-eds here.
Jonathan Marks | Speaker | TED.com