Jeffrey Kluger: The sibling bond
A senior editor of science and technology reporting at TIME magazine, Jeffrey Kluger has written books on a wide range of science subjects, including the Polio vaccine, Apollo 13 and the effect of sibling relationships. Full bio
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to change my life in one small way,
немного изменить свою жизнь:
the opening of my speech.
своё вступительное слово.
будете отсюда уходить,
to engage or re-engage
впервые или вновь,
people in your lives:
life-affirming thing to do,
очень жизнеутверждающим делом,
battling alcoholism,
почти всю жизнь,
when he was just 34 years old.
is that his last name was Roosevelt.
из-за его фамилии Рузвельт.
get past the comparisons
to come a little bit easier.
Bobby would smile,
так похожая на смерть Джона,
в самом расцвете лет;
to have been relieved of his.
расстаться со своей.
that effects us more profoundly,
затрагивающие нас глубже,
with our brothers and sisters.
братьями и сёстрами.
особая сила.
братом и президента, и губернатора.
and a governor, famously griped,
to my older brothers,"
со старшими братьями»,
were somehow responsible
были в ответе
and the messy divorce
и за скандальный развод,
than all of these things,
бывает пронизана неугасимой любовью.
a thing of abiding love.
come along too late.
who are with us
there may be nothing
more powerfully
with our sisters and brothers.
it's true for you, too.
то это справедливо и для вас.
on the left, was eight years old.
and my brother Bruce was four.
а Брюсу — четыре.
«Братья и сёстры: сила родства»
that it might be a very good idea
что будет неплохо
in a fuse cabinet in our playroom.
в нашей игровой комнате.
trying to keep him safe.
мы хотели уберечь его.
to being disturbed on Saturday mornings.
когда его тревожили субботним утром.
would be like on Saturday mornings
when the youngest one was born,
когда родился самый младший,
disturbed on a Saturday morning
form of a corporal punishment,
was within arms' reach.
but we did get hit,
scatter-and-hide drill.
«разделяйся и прячься».
the footsteps coming,
under the couch,
in the playroom,
a window-seat toy chest,
Bruce inside the fuse box.
за электрощитком.
Alan Shepard's space capsule,
космический модуль Алана Шепарда,
fooled by this ruse.
было не провести.
years that I began to think
to squeeze a four-year-old
заталкивать четырёхлетнего мальчика
un-screwable high-voltage fuses.
even through those unhappy times,
мы с братьями
that was clear and hard and fine:
for the bond we shared.
than we ever could as individuals.
ощущения себя отдельно.
to call on that strength.
attention to the sibling bond.
между братьями и сёстрами.
you have just one father
you have one spouse for life.
none of that uniqueness.
a kind of household commodity.
эдакий семейный ресурс.
their shelves with inventory,
и наполняют полки товаром,
egg and economics.
сперма, яйцеклетка и экономика.
you may as well keep stocking.
with that arrangement,
as possible into the next generation.
следующему поколению.
these same issues, too,
of dealing with things.
will take a good look at them
смотрит на них внимательно
on the presumably heartier chick
на том птенце, который кажется покрепче
all of her chicks to hatch
когда вылупятся все птенцы,
fight it out with the little ones,
разбираются с более слабыми,
to grow up in peace.
little outward set of pointing teeth,
for the choicest nursing spots.
as second-class citizens
людьми второго сорта
had learned all they could
об отношениях в семье,
mothers and other relationships,
temperamental dark matter
пульсирующая тёмная материя,
selling points are
привлекательные стороны
someone's the pretty one,
someone's the smart one.
is a high-school football player --
в школьной футбольной команде,
brother, you'd know he was not --
то знали, что это не так,
football player, too
in my family for doing that.
свои 50% оваций семьи.
council president
of the attention in that area.
the identification process,
в процесс деидентификации,
сообщая детям,
will be applauded in the home.
только определённые заслуги.
with one another in athletics
друг с другом в спорте
in the kitchen with the help,
with the family.
fought so hard to compete
так ожесточённо соревновался
первенцем Джо,
in a bicycle race around the house
на велосипедах вокруг дома,
costing John 28 stitches.
ему пришлось наложить 28 швов.
усугубляют эту проблему,
no matter how much they admit it.
даже если в этом не признаются.
covering in the book "The Sibling Effect,"
в статье в TIME и раскрываю в своей книге,
and 65 percent of mothers
for at least one child.
the keyword is "exhibit."
a better job of concealing things.
лучше умели это скрывать.
of all parents have a favorite,
feelings of favoritism.
отдают предпочтение кому-то из детей.
wiring is at work.
on the familial assembly line.
запуск семейного конвейера.
of investing dollars, calories
вкладывают в них своё время,
the second born comes along,
it's what corporations call "sunk costs,"
можно описать как «невозвратные затраты»,
"I'm going to lean to the Mac OS X
«Буду-ка пока пользоваться Mac OS X,
in a couple of years."
both here and in the book found that,
я обращаюсь и в статье, и в книге,
for a father is the last-born daughter.
чаще бывает самая младшая дочь,
for a mother is the firstborn son.
what the Freudians would have told us
сто лет назад фрейдисты.
are habitually wrapped around
as the father of two girls,
reproductive narcissism at work.
you temperamentally,
who is a businessman will just melt
with a tough-as-nails worldview.
и чётким взглядом на мир.
will go gooey over her son the poet.
от сына, который пишет стихи.
I covered for TIME,
об очерёдности рождения,
began looking at this,
certain temperamental templates
от порядка появления на свет
did crack this field,
to be bigger and healthier
чаще бывают крупнее и здоровее,
they got on food
vaccinated more reliably
follow-up visits to doctors
say this as a second-born --
по старшинству, признаю это с горечью —
IQ advantage over second borns
на три пункта выше, чем у вторых детей,
advantage over later borns,
чем у последующих.
firstborns get from mom and dad,
вниманием родителей к первенцу,
to mentor the younger kids.
are likelier to be CEOs,
становятся главами компаний,
than other kids are.
with a whole different set of challenges.
of getting eaten alive,
what are called "low-power skills" --
навыки «малой мощности» —
in someone else's head,
the punch before it lands.
that comes in handy,
is a very hard person to slug.
и поколотить не хочется.
that over the course of history,
что на протяжении истории
в очень больших семьях.
quite as sweet a deal.
не приходится так сладко.
for recognition in the home.
за признание семьи.
raising our hands
is getting called on.
to take a little longer
issues associated with that,
проблемы с самооценкой,
that I've been asked to do TED,
about these things right now.
оптимистичнее.
is that they also tend to develop
складываются
outside the home.
from something of a disadvantage,
weren't met as well in the home.
that play out over favoritism,
в детской комнате,
согласно которому
that's performance art.
a lot more people in your home
что в вашем доме больше людей,
a discrete one-on-one relationship
есть личные отношения
быстро растёт.
there are six dyads:
таких пар шесть:
between the kids themselves.
looks very chilly but it's real.
in your household,
there are ten discrete dyads.
десять отдельных пар.
never mind the sweetness here --
на фото всё очень мило —
had 55 different relationships.
и 55 разных пар.
to have 11 children of his own,
11 собственных детей,
число отношений — 91.
for all sibling fights is property.
и сёстры ссорятся из-за собственности.
of the fights among small children
конфликтов между маленькими детьми
кто-то тронул, играл
if it's very noisy,
по-своему естественна,
come into the world
приходят в этот мир,
of projecting their very limited power
свою весьма ограниченную силу —
they can call their own.
that very erasable line,
and that's what happens.
among children is the idea of fairness,
между детьми — «честность»,
"But that's unfair!"
«Так не честно!»
of right and wrong,
пониманием правильного и неправильного,
fairness is in the human genome?
справедливость в геноме человека?
that processes disgust,
of somebody being cheated
Bernie Madoff, is unpopular?
основателя финансовой пирамиды, не любят?
total-immersion exercise for life.
тренировкой с полным погружением.
avoidance and conflict resolution,
избегать конфликтов или их урегулировать,
caring, compromise,
заботе, компромиссу,
and much more important,
и, что намного важнее,
aren’t they adorable? --
разве не прелесть? —
talking late into the night,
listened to my brothers and me talking,
слушали наши с братьями разговоры,
but usually I don't.
I am not part of,
в котором я не участвую,
that can and should go on
и должен продолжаться
traveling companion,
and travel it on their own.
в одиночное путешествие.
the sine qua non of a happy life;
условие счастливой жизни;
и сёстрами безнадёжно испорчены,
relationships are fatally broken
for the sanity of everybody involved.
have shown themselves
and comradeship skills
through classmates.
и одноклассников.
making the most of those bonds
по-моему, нет ничего глупее,
может дать эта связь.
and are fixable, fix them.
можно исправить — исправьте.
a thousand acres of fertile farmland
плодородной плантацией
at the supermarket,
можно купить в магазине,
allowing to lie fallow.
которая ждёт рассады.
and it plays for keeps.
И это не игрушки.
of the time we have here.
главным достижением в нашей жизни.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Jeffrey Kluger - Senior Editor, TIME MagazineA senior editor of science and technology reporting at TIME magazine, Jeffrey Kluger has written books on a wide range of science subjects, including the Polio vaccine, Apollo 13 and the effect of sibling relationships.
Why you should listen
Jeffrey Kluger is a senior editor at TIME magazine, where he has worked since 1996. In 1994, he co-authored Lost Moon: The Perilous Voyage of Apollo 13, which was the basis for the Tom Hanks film Apollo 13. His book about Jonas Salk and the Polio vaccine, Splendid Solution, was published in 2006. Three years later, he published Simplexity: Why Simple Things Become Complex (and Why Complex Things Can Be Made Simple). His latest book, The Sibling Effect, came out in 2011.
Jeffrey Kluger | Speaker | TED.com