Kimberlé Crenshaw: The urgency of intersectionality
Кимберли Креншоу: Актуальность интерсекциональности
As a pioneer in critical race theory, Kimberlé Crenshaw helped open the discussion of the double bind faced by victims of simultaneous racial and gender prejudice. Full bioAbby Dobson - Artist
Passionate about using music as a tool for empathy cultivation, Abby Dobson creates music to inspire audiences to reflect on the world we live in and engage in action to promote transformative social change. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
that you don't recognize,
незнакомое имя человека,
we're going to see what they know. OK?
что знают те, кто остались стоять. Хорошо?
and take a look.
are still standing.
что больше половины ещё стои́т.
still standing,
всего четверо,
to put you on the spot.
задавать им каверзные вопросы.
so you can be seated.
отвечали честно, так что можете садиться.
the first group of names know
первую группу имён, знают,
who have been killed by the police
убитых полицейскими
is also African-Americans
within the last two years.
the names that you know
которые вы знаете,
that there's nothing at all distinct
присутствующих ничем не отличается
that we've just seen.
и не узнаю́т имена других.
dozens of times around the country.
эти имена по всей стране.
rights organizations.
I've done it with students.
Называла их студентам.
I've done it with sociologists.
Тем, кто занимается социологией.
progressive members of Congress.
прогрессивным конгрессменам.
of the level of police violence
that this would be the case.
неожиданный вывод,
involved here.
сразу две темы:
against African-Americans,
в отношении афроамериканцев
talked about a lot lately.
активно обсуждаются.
who is implicated by these problems,
о пострадавших от этих проблем,
who is victimized by these problems,
never come to mind.
имена этих афроамериканок.
with the available frames,
с привычными установками,
incorporating new facts
about a problem.
have slipped through our consciousness
от нашего сознания,
for us to see them,
or demanded that they speak to them.
и не ждут диалога с ними.
and an issue that affects women,
и проблема, касающаяся женщин, —
black people who are women
темнокожих женского пола
a trickle-down approach to social justice,
сверху вниз к социальной несправедливости,
позволят нам увидеть,
all the members of a targeted group,
на всех членов страдающей группы,
of our movements,
в виртуальной изоляции.
the term "intersectionality"
термин «интерсекциональность»,
that many of our social justice problems
видов социальной несправедливости,
of social injustice.
социальное неравенство.
that gave rise to intersectionality
появился после случайной встречи
with a woman named Emma DeGraffenreid.
was an African-American woman,
from the pages of a legal opinion
в судебном решении судьи,
who had dismissed Emma's claim
for her family and for others.
ради своих родных и близких.
for her children and for her family.
и её семье лучше жилось.
because she was a black woman.
что она была темнокожей женщиной.
dismissed Emma's suit,
for dismissing the suit was
did hire African-Americans
was not willing to acknowledge
которую судья не пожелал признать,
that were hired,
maintenance jobs, were all men.
или для ремонта, были мужчинами.
or front-office work,
для другой офисной работы,
how these policies came together
на сочетание этих принципов отбора,
the double discrimination
двойную дискриминацию,
to put two causes of action together
by allowing her to do that,
что если ей это позволить,
to have preferential treatment.
by having two swings at the bat,
only had one swing at the bat.
и у белых женщин есть только один.
African-American men or white women
ни у белых женщин не было необходимости
and gender discrimination claim
и гендерной дискриминации,
they were experiencing.
столкнулись с ущемлением своих прав.
жестокую несправедливость,
African-American women
афроамериканкам, посчитав,
weren't exactly the same
от подобных случаев дискриминации
to include African-American women,
включив в него защиту афроамериканок,
completely out of court.
в рассмотрении их дела.
of antidiscrimination law,
запрещающее дискриминацию,
несправедливость в квадрате.
to work at the plant.
работать на заводах.
doubled down on this exclusion
юридически ничтожным.
no name for this problem.
даже не существует термина.
where there's no name for a problem,
что пока проблема не названа,
you pretty much can't solve it.
скорее всего, и решить её вы не сможете.
was a framing problem.
была проблемой понятий.
or to see race discrimination
либо расовой дискриминации,
что исказило суть проблемы.
которая заключалась в том,
there was an alternative narrative,
а был ли другой выход из ситуации,
to see Emma's dilemma,
на неё через призму,
to rescue her from the cracks in the law,
от несовершенств законодательства
to better see Emma's dilemma.
на дело Эммы другими глазами.
the roads to the intersection would be
как перекрёсток, где две дороги
was structured by race and by gender.
организованной по принципу расы и пола.
would be the hiring policies
представляет собой приём на работу
that ran through those roads.
на этих дорогах порядки.
was both black and female,
where those roads overlapped,
где испытала на себе
так и по гендерной дороге.
like that ambulance that shows up
only if it can be shown
только в том случае, если окажется,
on the race road or on the gender road
либо на гендерном шоссе,
being impacted by multiple forces
когда на вас действуют несколько сил,
that African-American women,
all over the world,
слои населения во всём мире,
of dilemmas and challenges
и гендерной дискриминации,
xenophobia, ableism,
ксенофобии, аблеизма.
в итоге сводятся в одно целое
that are sometimes quite unique.
бывают очень неоднозначны.
that black women live their lives,
как живётся темнокожим женщинам,
и трагические обстоятельства,
над темнокожими женщинами
that black women face
темнокожих женщин таков,
their encounters with police.
после столкновения с полицией.
in front of their parents
in front of their children.
when they've called for help.
when they were with others.
будучи темнокожими,
будучи темнокожими,
будучи темнокожими,
будучи темнокожими.
being homeless while black.
будучи темнокожими.
talking on the cell phone,
говорили по телефону,
которая значилась угнанной
in front of the White House
in the backseat of the car.
пристёгнут её ребёнок.
of media attention and communal outcry
и не вызывают столько народного горя,
of their fallen brothers?
Policy Forum began to demand
политическом форуме был выдвинут
во время акций протеста,
is being discussed.
государства над афроамериканками.
и стать свидетелями реальности,
to the often painful realities
that many black women have had to face,
с которыми афроамериканки
that I'm about to share with you
которые вы сейчас увидите,
to some of this violence.
эту жестокость.
of the phenomenal Abby Dobson.
потрясающей Эбби Добсон.
and some who have not survived them,
и тех, кто его не пережил, —
at the beginning of this talk,
сегодняшнего выступления,
there's going to be a roll call.
по очереди называться.
темнокожих женщин.
to join us in saying these names
присоединились к нам
Janisha Fonville,
Йаниша Фонвиль,
в самом начале,
to bear witness
чтобы стать свидетелями
ABOUT THE SPEAKERS
Kimberlé Crenshaw - Civil rights advocateAs a pioneer in critical race theory, Kimberlé Crenshaw helped open the discussion of the double bind faced by victims of simultaneous racial and gender prejudice.
Why you should listen
Kimberlé Crenshaw, professor of law at UCLA and Columbia Law School, is a leading authority in the area of cvil rights, Black feminist legal theory, and race, racism and the law. Her work has been foundational in two fields of study that have come to be known by terms that she coined: critical race theory and intersectionality.
Crenshaw’s articles have appeared in the Harvard Law Review, National Black Law Journal, Stanford Law Review and Southern California Law Review. She is the founding coordinator of the Critical Race Theory Workshop, and the co-editor of the volume, Critical Race Theory: Key Documents That Shaped the Movement. She has lectured widely on race matters, addressing audiences across the country as well as in Europe, India, Africa and South America. A specialist on race and gender equality, she has facilitated workshops for human rights activists in Brazil and in India, and for constitutional court judges in South Africa. Her groundbreaking work on intersectionality has traveled globally and was influential in the drafting of the equality clause in the South African Constitution.
Crenshaw authored the background paper on race and gender discrimination for the United Nation's World Conference on Racism, served as the rapporteur for the conference's expert group on gender and race discrimination, and coordinated NGO efforts to ensure the inclusion of gender in the WCAR Conference Declaration. She is a leading voice in calling for a gender-inclusive approach to racial justice interventions, having spearheaded the "Why We Can't Wait" campaign and co-authored Black Girls Matter: Pushed Out, Overpoliced and Underprotected, and Say Her Name: Resisting Police Brutality Against Black Women.
Crenshaw has worked extensively on a variety of issues pertaining to gender and race in the domestic arena including violence against women, structural racial inequality and affirmative action. She has served as a member of the National Science Foundation's committee to research violence against women and has consulted with leading foundations, social justice organizations and corporations to advance their race and gender equity initiatives.
In 1996, she co-founded the African American Policy Forum to house a variety of projects designed to deliver research-based strategies to better advance social inclusion. Among the Forum's projects are the Affirmative Action Research and Policy Consortium and the Multiracial Literacy and Leadership Initiative. In partnership with the Aspen Roundtable for Community Change, Crenshaw facilitated workshops on racial equity for hundreds of community leaders and organizations throughout the country. With the support of the Rockefeller Foundation, Crenshaw facilitates the Bellagio Project, an international network of scholars working in the field of social inclusion from five continents. She formerly served as Committee Chair for the U.S.-Brazil Joint Action Plan to Promote Racial and Ethnic Equality, an initiative of the U.S. State Department.
Crenshaw has received the Fulbright Distinguished Chair for Latin America, the Alphonse Fletcher Fellowship and was a Fellow at the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences at Stanford University in 2009 and a Visiting Fellow at the European University Institute in Florence, Italy in 2010. Currently, Crenshaw is director of the Center for Intersectionality and Social Policy Studies at Columbia Law School, which she founded in 2011, as well as the Centennial Professor at the LSE Gender Institute 2015-2018. Crenshaw received her J.D. from Harvard, L.L.M. from University of Wisconsin and B.A. from Cornell University.
Kimberlé Crenshaw | Speaker | TED.com
Abby Dobson - Artist
Passionate about using music as a tool for empathy cultivation, Abby Dobson creates music to inspire audiences to reflect on the world we live in and engage in action to promote transformative social change.
Why you should listen
Abby Dobson is the 2016 artist-in-residence with the African American Policy Forum (AAPF). A sonic conceptualist artist, Dobson's sound is the alchemy of R&B/Soul, jazz, classic pop, gospel and folk, forging a gem that erases musical boundaries. Dobson has performed at venues such as S.O.B's, Kennedy Center Millennium Stage, Apollo Theater, Blue Note Jazz Club, Queens Museum and "The Tonight Show." Her debut album, Sleeping Beauty: You Are the One You Have Been Waiting On, was released in 2010 to glowing reviews. Featured on Talib Kweli’s album Gravitas on State of Grace, Dobson was also nominated for a 2014 BET Hip Hop Award for Best Impact Song.
Dobson received a Juris Doctorate degree from Georgetown University Law Center and a Bachelor's degree from Williams College in Political Science and History. Her interests have been deeply impacted by intersectionality discourse and critical race theory. An artist and independent scholar, Dobson's interests focus on the intersection of race and gender in the imagination, creation and consumption of music. A sampling of recent presentations include: International James Baldwin Conference at American University of Paris (2016), Association for the Study of African American History and Life Conference (2013-2015); Anna Julia Cooper Project at Tulane University (2013); and National Women's Studies Association (NWSA) Conference (2013).
Passionate about using music as a tool for empathy cultivation, Dobson creates music to inspire audiences to reflect on the world we live in and engage in action to promote transformative social change. She creates music to privilege black female voices and highlight the human condition. Inspired by AAPF’s social justice work, Dobson composed and performs "Say Her Name" in tribute to the black women lost to state and non-state violence.
Dobson also volunteers with the National Organization for Women, NYC Chapter's Activist Alliance serving as a member of its Intersectionality Committee. She is currently wrapping up recording for Sister Outsider, the follow-up to her debut album, slated for release in 2017.
Abby Dobson | Speaker | TED.com