Kimberlé Crenshaw: The urgency of intersectionality
Kimberlé Crenshaw: A urgência da "interseccionalidade"
As a pioneer in critical race theory, Kimberlé Crenshaw helped open the discussion of the double bind faced by victims of simultaneous racial and gender prejudice. Full bioAbby Dobson - Artist
Passionate about using music as a tool for empathy cultivation, Abby Dobson creates music to inspire audiences to reflect on the world we live in and engage in action to promote transformative social change. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
por favor, se levantem.
that you don't recognize,
we're going to see what they know. OK?
a permanecerem em pé, certo?
and take a look.
are still standing.
ainda permanecem em pé.
still standing,
to put you on the spot.
so you can be seated.
a sinceridade, podem se sentar.
the first group of names know
o primeiro grupo de nomes sabem
who have been killed by the police
mortos pela polícia
is also African-Americans
também é de afro-americanos
within the last two years.
the names that you know
os nomes que vocês reconheceram
that there's nothing at all distinct
que não há nada diferente
that we've just seen.
que acabamos de presenciar.
dozens of times around the country.
inúmeras vezes por todo o país.
rights organizations.
pelos direitos da mulher.
I've done it with students.
I've done it with sociologists.
progressive members of Congress.
progressistas do Congresso.
of the level of police violence
do nível de violência policial
that this would be the case.
involved here.
against African-Americans,
talked about a lot lately.
abordados recentemente.
who is implicated by these problems,
envolvido nesses problemas,
who is victimized by these problems,
estes problemas vitimizam,
never come to mind.
nunca vêm à mente.
with the available frames,
dentro dos padrões disponíveis,
incorporating new facts
em incorporar novos fatos
about a problem.
have slipped through our consciousness
nos têm fugido da consciência
for us to see them,
or demanded that they speak to them.
ou exigidos a falar com elas.
"Por que tais padrões importariam?"
and an issue that affects women,
um problema que afeta mulheres,
black people who are women
pessoas negras que são mulheres
a trickle-down approach to social justice,
de justiça social bastante elitista,
all the members of a targeted group,
todos os membros de um determinado grupo,
of our movements,
de nossos movimentos,
em potencial isolamento.
the term "intersectionality"
o termo "interseccionalidade"
that many of our social justice problems
de nossos problemas de justiça social,
of social injustice.
de injustiça social.
that gave rise to intersectionality
à ideia de interseccionalidade
with a woman named Emma DeGraffenreid.
chamada Emma DeGraffenreid.
was an African-American woman,
uma mulher afro-americana,
from the pages of a legal opinion
nas páginas de um parecer legal
who had dismissed Emma's claim
a alegação de Emma
mulheres afro-americanas,
for her family and for others.
para sua família e para outros.
for her children and for her family.
para seus filhos e para sua família.
because she was a black woman.
o emprego por ser uma mulher negra.
dismissed Emma's suit,
for dismissing the suit was
foi de que o empregador
did hire African-Americans
was not willing to acknowledge
não estava disposto a reconhecer
na verdade, tentando dizer
that were hired,
maintenance jobs, were all men.
e de manutenção, eram todos homens.
or front-office work,
ou recepcionistas,
how these policies came together
como as duas políticas funcionavam juntas,
the double discrimination
to put two causes of action together
entrasse com as duas petições juntas
by allowing her to do that,
to have preferential treatment.
by having two swings at the bat,
de ter dupla oportunidade,
only had one swing at the bat.
e mulheres brancas teriam apenas uma.
African-American men or white women
nem mulheres brancas
and gender discrimination claim
discriminação de raça e de gênero
they were experiencing.
de discriminação que sofriam.
African-American women
mulheres afro-americanas
weren't exactly the same
de suas experiências não serem exatamente
brancas e homens afro-americanos?
to include African-American women,
para incluir mulheres afro-americanas,
completely out of court.
of antidiscrimination law,
de leis antidiscriminação,
to work at the plant.
trabalhar na fábrica.
doubled down on this exclusion
no name for this problem.
nem sequer tinha um nome.
where there's no name for a problem,
os problemas não têm um nome,
you pretty much can't solve it.
não podemos resolvê-los.
was a framing problem.
era um problema de enquadramento.
or to see race discrimination
ou considerar discriminação de raça,
there was an alternative narrative,
to see Emma's dilemma,
observar o dilema de Emma,
to rescue her from the cracks in the law,
resgatá-la das falhas da lei,
conhecer sua história.
uma simples analogia com uma intersecção
melhor o dilema de Emma.
to better see Emma's dilemma.
the roads to the intersection would be
suas ruas seriam
was structured by race and by gender.
foi estruturada por raça e gênero.
would be the hiring policies
as políticas de contratação
that ran through those roads.
was both black and female,
where those roads overlapped,
onde tais ruas se cruzavam,
like that ambulance that shows up
que prestará socorro à Emma
only if it can be shown
on the race road or on the gender road
ou na "rua de gênero",
being impacted by multiple forces
atingido por múltiplas forças
that African-American women,
que mulheres afro-americanas,
all over the world,
marginalizados mundo afora,
of dilemmas and challenges
de dilemas e desafios
gênero, heterossexismo,
xenophobia, ableism,
discriminação pela condição física,
that are sometimes quite unique.
that black women live their lives,
como as mulheres negras vivem suas vidas,
contra mulheres negras
that black women face
que mulheres negras enfrentam
their encounters with police.
após seus encontros com a polícia.
in front of their parents
in front of their children.
de eletrochoque até a morte.
when they've called for help.
when they were with others.
quando estão acompanhadas.
em lojas por serem negras;
por serem negras;
being homeless while black.
enquanto mendigam, por serem negras.
talking on the cell phone,
in front of the White House
in the backseat of the car.
no banco traseiro do veículo.
of media attention and communal outcry
midiática e o clamor público
of their fallen brothers?
de seus irmãos atraem?
Policy Forum began to demand
Afro-Americanas passou a exigir
is being discussed.
contra a comunidade negra
to the often painful realities
e dolorosas realidades
that many black women have had to face,
mulheres negras são forçadas a enfrentar,
de cor, de idade, de gênero,
that I'm about to share with you
que compartilharei com vocês
to some of this violence.
algumas dessas violências.
of the phenomenal Abby Dobson.
and some who have not survived them,
e algumas que não sobreviveram a ela,
at the beginning of this talk,
no início deste encontro,
nos levantar por essas mulheres
there's going to be a roll call.
serão anunciados.
to join us in saying these names
que se unam a nós para dizer esses nomes,
Janisha Fonville,
Janisha Fonville,
to bear witness
ABOUT THE SPEAKERS
Kimberlé Crenshaw - Civil rights advocateAs a pioneer in critical race theory, Kimberlé Crenshaw helped open the discussion of the double bind faced by victims of simultaneous racial and gender prejudice.
Why you should listen
Kimberlé Crenshaw, professor of law at UCLA and Columbia Law School, is a leading authority in the area of cvil rights, Black feminist legal theory, and race, racism and the law. Her work has been foundational in two fields of study that have come to be known by terms that she coined: critical race theory and intersectionality.
Crenshaw’s articles have appeared in the Harvard Law Review, National Black Law Journal, Stanford Law Review and Southern California Law Review. She is the founding coordinator of the Critical Race Theory Workshop, and the co-editor of the volume, Critical Race Theory: Key Documents That Shaped the Movement. She has lectured widely on race matters, addressing audiences across the country as well as in Europe, India, Africa and South America. A specialist on race and gender equality, she has facilitated workshops for human rights activists in Brazil and in India, and for constitutional court judges in South Africa. Her groundbreaking work on intersectionality has traveled globally and was influential in the drafting of the equality clause in the South African Constitution.
Crenshaw authored the background paper on race and gender discrimination for the United Nation's World Conference on Racism, served as the rapporteur for the conference's expert group on gender and race discrimination, and coordinated NGO efforts to ensure the inclusion of gender in the WCAR Conference Declaration. She is a leading voice in calling for a gender-inclusive approach to racial justice interventions, having spearheaded the "Why We Can't Wait" campaign and co-authored Black Girls Matter: Pushed Out, Overpoliced and Underprotected, and Say Her Name: Resisting Police Brutality Against Black Women.
Crenshaw has worked extensively on a variety of issues pertaining to gender and race in the domestic arena including violence against women, structural racial inequality and affirmative action. She has served as a member of the National Science Foundation's committee to research violence against women and has consulted with leading foundations, social justice organizations and corporations to advance their race and gender equity initiatives.
In 1996, she co-founded the African American Policy Forum to house a variety of projects designed to deliver research-based strategies to better advance social inclusion. Among the Forum's projects are the Affirmative Action Research and Policy Consortium and the Multiracial Literacy and Leadership Initiative. In partnership with the Aspen Roundtable for Community Change, Crenshaw facilitated workshops on racial equity for hundreds of community leaders and organizations throughout the country. With the support of the Rockefeller Foundation, Crenshaw facilitates the Bellagio Project, an international network of scholars working in the field of social inclusion from five continents. She formerly served as Committee Chair for the U.S.-Brazil Joint Action Plan to Promote Racial and Ethnic Equality, an initiative of the U.S. State Department.
Crenshaw has received the Fulbright Distinguished Chair for Latin America, the Alphonse Fletcher Fellowship and was a Fellow at the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences at Stanford University in 2009 and a Visiting Fellow at the European University Institute in Florence, Italy in 2010. Currently, Crenshaw is director of the Center for Intersectionality and Social Policy Studies at Columbia Law School, which she founded in 2011, as well as the Centennial Professor at the LSE Gender Institute 2015-2018. Crenshaw received her J.D. from Harvard, L.L.M. from University of Wisconsin and B.A. from Cornell University.
Kimberlé Crenshaw | Speaker | TED.com
Abby Dobson - Artist
Passionate about using music as a tool for empathy cultivation, Abby Dobson creates music to inspire audiences to reflect on the world we live in and engage in action to promote transformative social change.
Why you should listen
Abby Dobson is the 2016 artist-in-residence with the African American Policy Forum (AAPF). A sonic conceptualist artist, Dobson's sound is the alchemy of R&B/Soul, jazz, classic pop, gospel and folk, forging a gem that erases musical boundaries. Dobson has performed at venues such as S.O.B's, Kennedy Center Millennium Stage, Apollo Theater, Blue Note Jazz Club, Queens Museum and "The Tonight Show." Her debut album, Sleeping Beauty: You Are the One You Have Been Waiting On, was released in 2010 to glowing reviews. Featured on Talib Kweli’s album Gravitas on State of Grace, Dobson was also nominated for a 2014 BET Hip Hop Award for Best Impact Song.
Dobson received a Juris Doctorate degree from Georgetown University Law Center and a Bachelor's degree from Williams College in Political Science and History. Her interests have been deeply impacted by intersectionality discourse and critical race theory. An artist and independent scholar, Dobson's interests focus on the intersection of race and gender in the imagination, creation and consumption of music. A sampling of recent presentations include: International James Baldwin Conference at American University of Paris (2016), Association for the Study of African American History and Life Conference (2013-2015); Anna Julia Cooper Project at Tulane University (2013); and National Women's Studies Association (NWSA) Conference (2013).
Passionate about using music as a tool for empathy cultivation, Dobson creates music to inspire audiences to reflect on the world we live in and engage in action to promote transformative social change. She creates music to privilege black female voices and highlight the human condition. Inspired by AAPF’s social justice work, Dobson composed and performs "Say Her Name" in tribute to the black women lost to state and non-state violence.
Dobson also volunteers with the National Organization for Women, NYC Chapter's Activist Alliance serving as a member of its Intersectionality Committee. She is currently wrapping up recording for Sister Outsider, the follow-up to her debut album, slated for release in 2017.
Abby Dobson | Speaker | TED.com