TEDxDirigo
Roger Doiron: My subversive (garden) plot
Filmed:
Readability: 3.4
418,668 views
A vegetable garden can do more than save you money -- it can save the world. In this talk, Roger Doiron shows how gardens can re-localize our food and feed our growing population.
Roger Doiron - Gardening activist
Roger Doiron wants everyone to plant a garden. He’s the founder of Kitchen Gardeners International, a network of home gardeners. Full bio
Roger Doiron wants everyone to plant a garden. He’s the founder of Kitchen Gardeners International, a network of home gardeners. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:07
So, my name is Roger Doiron,
0
1142
1755
我的名字是羅傑．杜艾倫，
00:08
and I have a subversive plot.
1
2921
2421
我有個顛覆性的陰謀。
00:11
(Laughter)
2
5366
2252
（笑聲）
00:13
(Applause)
3
7642
1304
（掌聲）
00:14
It is so subversive, in fact,
4
8970
2350
事實上，它的顛覆性程度到了
00:17
that it has the potential
to radically alter the balance of power,
to radically alter the balance of power,
5
11344
4124
有潛力可以完全改變權力的平衡，
00:21
not only in our own country,
6
15492
2055
不只在我們自己的國家，
00:23
but in the entire world.
7
17571
1437
在全世界都是。
00:25
Now I realize, I'm sounding --
8
19824
1555
我知道，我聽起來……
00:27
(Laughter)
9
21403
1013
（笑聲）
00:28
a little bit like Dr. Evil now.
10
22440
2756
我此刻聽起來有點像邪惡博士。
（註：《王牌大賤諜》的角色）
（註：《王牌大賤諜》的角色）
00:31
I understand that.
11
25220
1172
我知道。
00:32
But trust me -- we have very,
very little in common.
very little in common.
12
26416
2786
但相信我，我們的共通點非常少。
00:35
His plots are all about
destruction and secrecy,
destruction and secrecy,
13
29226
3661
他的陰謀都是摧毀和秘密，
00:38
whereas my plots are about
creation and openness.
creation and openness.
14
32911
3028
而我的陰謀都是創造和開放。
00:41
In fact, my plot can only work
15
35963
2509
事實上，如果我的陰謀要得逞，
00:44
if I share it with as many
people as possible.
people as possible.
16
38496
2710
我就得盡可能
把它分享給越多人越好。
把它分享給越多人越好。
00:47
So I'm going to share it with you now,
17
41230
1856
所以我現在就要與你們分享，
00:49
but you have to promise me
you're going to share it in turn.
you're going to share it in turn.
18
43110
2838
但你們也得保證，
你們同樣也會把它分享出去。
你們同樣也會把它分享出去。
00:51
So here it is.
19
45972
1297
所以，開始吧。
00:53
Huh. That's not so good, is it?
20
47293
2387
嗯，這不太理想，對吧？
00:55
There's nothing particularly radical
or revolutionary about a patch of grass.
or revolutionary about a patch of grass.
21
49704
3715
一片草實在沒什麼
特別激進或革命性的地方。
特別激進或革命性的地方。
00:59
What starts to get interesting
is when we turn it into this.
is when we turn it into this.
22
53443
3371
但當我們把它
變成這樣之後就變有趣了。
變成這樣之後就變有趣了。
01:03
Now, I would like to suggest to you all
23
57759
2307
我想要告訴大家，
01:06
that gardening is a subversive activity.
24
60090
3061
園藝是很有顛覆性的活動。
01:09
(Laughter)
25
63175
1521
（笑聲）
01:10
Think about this:
food is a form of energy.
food is a form of energy.
26
64720
2958
想想這一點：
食物是能量的一種形式。
食物是能量的一種形式。
01:14
It's what our body runs on,
27
68578
1350
身體要靠它才能運作，
01:15
but it's also a form of power.
28
69952
1817
但它也是權力的一種形式。
01:18
And when we encourage people
to grow some of their own food,
to grow some of their own food,
29
72428
3414
當我們鼓勵人們自己種些食物，
01:21
we're encouraging them
to take power into their hands,
to take power into their hands,
30
75866
3288
我們是在鼓勵他們取得權力，
01:25
power over their diet,
31
79178
1975
關於他們飲食的權力，
01:27
power over their health
32
81177
1847
關於他們健康的權力，
01:29
and some power over their pocketbooks.
33
83048
2342
以及關於他們錢包的一些權力。
01:32
So I think that's quite subversive,
because we're also necessarily
because we're also necessarily
34
86090
3589
所以那十分有顛覆性，
因為我們必定會談到
01:35
talking about taking that power away
35
89703
2927
從其他人那兒奪取那權力，
01:38
from someone else,
36
92654
1220
01:40
from other actors in society
that currently have power
that currently have power
37
94496
3212
從社會上目前擁有食物
和健康權力的人身上
和健康權力的人身上
01:43
over food and health.
38
97732
1425
奪取那權力。
01:45
You can think about
who those actors might be.
who those actors might be.
39
99181
2471
你們可以想想那些人可能是誰。
01:48
I also look at gardening
as a sort of healthy gateway drug,
as a sort of healthy gateway drug,
40
102627
3864
我也把園藝視為是
一種健康的逃避毒品，
一種健康的逃避毒品，
01:52
you might say, to other forms
of food freedom.
of food freedom.
41
106515
3364
可以說是其他形式的食物自由。
01:55
It's not long after you plant a garden
42
109903
2557
在你開始種植菜園之後沒多久，
01:58
that you start to say, "Hey,
I need to start to learn how to cook."
I need to start to learn how to cook."
43
112484
3476
你就會開始說：
「嘿，我得開始學如何料理。」
「嘿，我得開始學如何料理。」
02:01
(Laughter)
44
115984
2500
（笑聲）
02:04
"You know, I might want
to look into food preservation
to look into food preservation
45
118508
2784
「你知道的，我可能會
想要研究食物保存，
想要研究食物保存，
02:07
or I might want to look up
where my local farmer's market
where my local farmer's market
46
121316
3296
或是我可能想去查我鎮上的
02:10
is located in my town."
47
124636
1511
農夫市場在哪。」
02:13
Now the other thing, of course,
with planting a garden,
with planting a garden,
48
127076
2904
當然，關於栽種菜園還有一點──
02:16
especially a garden
in front of a white house
in front of a white house
49
130004
2622
特別是在一座白色房子前面、
02:18
and on a sunny south lawn,
50
132650
1954
陽光充足的南側草坪上的菜園，
02:20
is you never know who you might influence.
51
134628
2229
就是你永遠不會知道
你可能會影響到誰。
你可能會影響到誰。
02:22
(Laughter)
52
136881
1588
（笑聲）
02:24
Now, I'm not exactly sure
what my white house garden's influence
what my white house garden's influence
53
138493
3679
我不太確定我的白色房子菜園
02:28
was on the First Lady's,
54
142196
2352
對第一夫人的菜園有何影響，
02:30
but I can tell you this:
55
144572
1243
但我能告訴你們：
02:31
she's had an enormous influence on me
56
145839
2201
在開始栽種她的菜園後，
她對我的影響非常大。
02:34
since planting hers.
57
148064
1259
02:35
Now it hasn't been --
58
149347
1418
它還沒有……
02:36
(Laughter)
59
150789
3303
（笑聲）
02:40
it hasn't been in the area of fashion.
60
154116
2077
它還沒有進入時尚的領域。
02:42
I understand that she's just
in a completely different league there,
in a completely different league there,
61
156217
4097
我了解她只是在一個
完全不同的類別中，
完全不同的類別中，
02:46
and I'm not even trying to compete.
62
160338
1921
我並沒有試著要競爭。
02:49
But she's really inspired me
to think much more boldly
to think much more boldly
63
163037
3428
但她真的鼓舞我更大膽地去思考
02:52
about the role that I want to have
in the garden movement.
in the garden movement.
64
166489
3139
在菜園運動中我想要扮演的角色。
02:56
And so this is sort of
what I'm aspiring to here.
what I'm aspiring to here.
65
170189
2930
所以這算是我得到的靈感。
02:59
(Laughter)
66
173143
2520
（笑聲）
03:01
Now, pretty modest, right?
67
175687
2193
挺謙虛的，是吧？
03:04
I like this picture.
68
178472
1186
我喜歡這張圖。
03:05
I think it sort of captures me well,
69
179682
1785
我想它有抓到我的點，
03:07
not that I have any
divine connections whatsoever,
divine connections whatsoever,
70
181491
2343
並不是說我有什麼神聖連結，
03:09
but I like my facial expression there,
71
183858
2761
但我喜歡我在那兒的表情，
03:12
because, if I've got
a worried look on my face,
a worried look on my face,
72
186643
2737
因為，如果我臉上有擔憂的神情，
03:15
it's not simply because I've got
20 pounds of squash over my head,
20 pounds of squash over my head,
73
189404
3668
並不只是因為有
20 磅的瓜在我頭上，
20 磅的瓜在我頭上，
03:19
but it's because I've got some
pretty heavy topics on my mind.
pretty heavy topics on my mind.
74
193096
3559
而是因為我心中有著
一些很沉重的話題。
一些很沉重的話題。
03:22
And I want to share some of those
with you right now,
with you right now,
75
196679
2528
我現在想與大家分享其中一些，
03:25
starting off in the form of a very
short video I've produced for you,
short video I've produced for you,
76
199231
3899
一開始先看一段
我為你們製作的短片，
我為你們製作的短片，
03:29
which is my best effort
to sum up the history of gastronomy
to sum up the history of gastronomy
77
203154
4387
我盡力把美食學的歷史
給整理出來了，
給整理出來了，
03:33
in about 15 seconds.
78
207565
1570
短片約 15 秒。
03:36
("Also sprach Zarathustra" plays)
79
210806
3766
（播放《查拉圖斯特拉如是說》）
03:52
(Laughter)
80
226930
2000
（笑聲）
03:58
So, here we are.
81
232862
1482
所以，就這樣。
04:00
(Applause)
82
234368
4888
（掌聲）
04:05
Now, that's a funny little clip,
83
239280
1537
這是個很有趣的短片，
04:06
but it'd be even funnier
if it weren't so tragic
if it weren't so tragic
84
240841
2445
但如果它不是這麼悲劇、真實，
04:09
and if it weren't so true.
85
243310
1316
還會更好笑。
04:10
The reality is that we are in the midst
of an obesity epidemic,
of an obesity epidemic,
86
244650
3883
現實是，我們現在
正處於過胖流行期，
正處於過胖流行期，
04:14
and it's not simply
limited to our country.
limited to our country.
87
248557
2423
且並不只限於我們的國家，
04:17
It's spreading around the world right now.
88
251004
2178
它正在全世界擴散中。
04:19
And in a sort of parallel universe,
89
253206
1931
在一個類似平行宇宙中，
04:21
we're also seeing
that hunger is on the rise.
that hunger is on the rise.
90
255161
2836
我們也看到饑荒在成長。
04:24
Over 900 million people
right now are affected by it.
right now are affected by it.
91
258021
3610
現在有超過九億人受到影響，
04:27
That's three times the population
of the United States.
of the United States.
92
261655
2882
那是美國人口的三倍。
04:30
But at the same time,
93
264561
1276
但同時，
04:31
world food prices are rising
94
265861
1728
世界食物價格在上升，
04:34
and world population is rising
and is set to reach 10 billion people
and is set to reach 10 billion people
95
268571
4676
世界人口在增加，
預計會在這個世紀末達到一百億人。
04:39
by the end of the century.
96
273271
1572
04:40
Now, another thing about the population
is we know that it's increasing,
is we know that it's increasing,
97
274867
3382
關於人口的另一點是，
我們知道它在增加，
我們知道它在增加，
04:44
but a lot of us don't realize
that it's also changing.
that it's also changing.
98
278273
3312
但很多人並不知道它也在改變。
04:47
There's a fundamental shift taking place.
99
281609
2064
有很根本的轉變正在發生。
04:49
As of 2007, we went from being
a primarily rural planet
a primarily rural planet
100
283697
4823
2007 年，我們從一個
主要是農村的星球，
主要是農村的星球，
04:54
to being a primarily urban one,
101
288544
2084
轉變成一個主要是都市的星球，
04:56
and that has implications
for how we're going to feed these people,
for how we're going to feed these people,
102
290652
3144
這轉變讓人思考的是，
要如何提供食物給這些人、
要如何提供食物給這些人、
04:59
how we're going to get the food
to the people in the cities.
to the people in the cities.
103
293820
3253
要如何把食物送到城市人手上。
05:03
Now, I imagine that there are
some Stephen King fans
some Stephen King fans
104
297595
2521
我想觀眾中有一些是
史帝芬．金的粉絲，
05:06
in the audience here,
105
300140
1170
05:07
and I'm one of them.
106
301334
1605
我也是其中之一。
05:08
But I can tell you, I haven't read
anything scarier than this here,
anything scarier than this here,
107
302963
4355
但我能告訴你們，
我還沒讀過比這更可怕的，
我還沒讀過比這更可怕的，
05:13
and that's this statistic:
108
307342
1326
比這統計數據更可怕的：
05:14
in order to keep up
with the growing population,
with the growing population,
109
308692
3664
為了要跟上人口的成長，
05:18
we're going to need to grow more food
over the course of the next 50 years
over the course of the next 50 years
110
312380
4276
我們接下來的五十年
會需要種更多食物，
會需要種更多食物，
05:22
than we have grown over the course
of the past 10,000 years combined.
of the past 10,000 years combined.
111
316680
4767
且需要的量比我們在過去一萬年間
所種的所有食物加起來還要多。
所種的所有食物加起來還要多。
05:28
What makes this even more challenging
112
322326
2059
還有一點讓這變得更有挑戰性，
05:30
is that we're going to need
to grow all this food with less,
to grow all this food with less,
113
324409
4024
就是我們要用更少的資源
來種所有我們需要的食物，
來種所有我們需要的食物，
05:34
and when I say less,
114
328457
1430
我說更少的資源，
05:35
I mean a number of things.
115
329911
1299
指的是好幾樣東西。
05:37
Less oil, for example.
116
331234
1737
比如，比較少油。
05:38
Most reputable geologists believe
that we've already reached
that we've already reached
117
332995
3361
最受尊敬的地質學家
相信我們已經達到
相信我們已經達到
05:42
peak oil production in the world.
118
336380
1914
世界的油產量高峰。
05:44
Now, you might not think in terms
of oil and food as being linked,
of oil and food as being linked,
119
338318
4150
你可能不覺得食物和油有關，
05:48
but there's a very strong link, in fact.
120
342492
2274
但事實，兩者的關係很強。
05:50
It takes 10 calories of fossil fuel energy
121
344790
3611
在我們高度工業化的食物系統中，
05:54
in our highly industrialized food system
122
348425
2298
需要花 10 卡的化石燃料能，
05:56
in order to produce
one calorie of food energy.
one calorie of food energy.
123
350747
2610
才能產生出 1 卡的食物能。
06:00
We'll also need to grow
more food with less water.
more food with less water.
124
354294
2939
我們也需要用更少的水
來種更多的食物。
來種更多的食物。
06:03
These three images come from three
very different parts of the planet,
very different parts of the planet,
125
357257
3287
這三張圖來自地球上三個不同地方，
06:06
but they all tell the same story
of catastrophic drought.
of catastrophic drought.
126
360568
3834
但它們訴說的故事都一樣：大旱。
06:10
We'll also need to grow
more food with less farmland.
more food with less farmland.
127
364881
2848
我們也得用比較少的農地
來種更多食物。
來種更多食物。
06:13
Here, the pressures differ
from one place to the next.
from one place to the next.
128
367753
3403
這方面，每個地方受的壓力不同。
06:17
In the Global South,
we're seeing desertification,
we're seeing desertification,
129
371180
2907
在南營（開發中國家），
我們會看到沙漠化現象。
我們會看到沙漠化現象。
06:20
whereas in the north,
we're seeing suburban sprawl.
we're seeing suburban sprawl.
130
374111
2487
在北營（已開發國家），
我們會看到城市蔓延現象。
我們會看到城市蔓延現象。
06:23
We'll also have to grow more food
with less climate stability
with less climate stability
131
377561
3723
我們也得在氣候較不穩定
及比較少的基因多樣性之下
及比較少的基因多樣性之下
06:27
and less genetic diversity.
132
381308
2291
種更多的食物。
06:29
Now, this is really important.
133
383623
1483
這點十分重要。
06:31
We need our genetic varieties
134
385130
1937
我們需要我們的基因有多樣化，
06:33
because they're a sort of insurance policy
against climate change.
against climate change.
135
387091
4899
因為基因多樣化就像是
為了防氣候變遷而做的保險。
為了防氣候變遷而做的保險。
06:38
We heard earlier today
136
392014
1188
我們今天早先有聽到，
06:39
"not putting all of our eggs
in one basket."
in one basket."
137
393226
2269
「不要把雞蛋都放在一個籃子裡。」
06:41
Well, we shouldn't be doing
the same with our tomatoes, either.
the same with our tomatoes, either.
138
395519
3612
對於我們的蕃茄也是同樣的道理。
06:45
We're also going to need
to grow more food with less time.
to grow more food with less time.
139
399155
3825
我們也要用更少的時間
來種更多的食物。
來種更多的食物。
06:49
Now here, I'm not simply talking
about the ticking time bomb
about the ticking time bomb
140
403358
3407
我在這裡談的不單單是全球人口
06:52
that is the global population.
141
406789
1701
是顆定時炸彈。
06:54
I'm talking about
the amount of time we all have
the amount of time we all have
142
408514
3169
我也是在談我們把美味的一餐
06:57
in order to put
a decent meal on the table.
a decent meal on the table.
143
411707
2533
送上桌能夠用的時間。
07:00
And that "31" figure there
is not something arbitrary.
is not something arbitrary.
144
414264
3258
那兒「31」並不是個任意的數字。
07:03
That's the average amount of time
the American family spends
the American family spends
145
417546
3739
那是美國家庭平均每日花在
07:07
preparing, eating and cleaning up
after meals per day.
after meals per day.
146
421309
3785
準備、吃、餐後清理的時間。
07:12
31 minutes.
147
426824
1208
31 分鐘。
07:14
So somewhere in there, we're going
to need to also fit in growing food.
to need to also fit in growing food.
148
428056
4354
我們也得從這段時間中
想辦法挪一點出來種食物。
想辦法挪一點出來種食物。
07:18
Alright?
149
432434
1158
好嗎？
07:19
And I think we do need to do that,
150
433616
1825
我想我們確實需要那樣做，
07:21
but that's also going to mean
that somewhere along the way,
that somewhere along the way,
151
435465
2847
但那也意味著，過程中，
07:24
something's going to have to give.
152
438336
1649
也得犧牲點什麼。
07:26
So it sort of leaves us feeling like this.
153
440009
2974
所以它給我們的感覺就像這樣。
（告示板：離開這個鎮）
（告示板：離開這個鎮）
07:29
(Laughter)
154
443007
1192
（笑聲）
07:30
You know?
155
444223
1164
你們知道嗎？
07:31
It's time to leave town
or even perhaps leave planets.
or even perhaps leave planets.
156
445411
2560
該是離開鎮上，
甚至離開地球的時候了。
甚至離開地球的時候了。
07:33
But where do we go?
157
447995
1551
但我們能去哪？
07:35
Where do we go
when we only have one planet?
when we only have one planet?
158
449570
2109
我們只有一個星球，我們能去哪？
07:37
And where do we go
where the going gets tough?
where the going gets tough?
159
451703
2621
狀況變糟時，我們能去哪？
07:40
Well, if we were to listen to a lot
of our political leaders over the years,
of our political leaders over the years,
160
454348
3891
如果這些年來我們聽信
很多政治領袖的說詞，
很多政治領袖的說詞，
07:44
we would simply go shopping.
161
458263
1456
那我們就會去購物了。
07:45
Right?
162
459743
1372
對嗎？
07:47
Because we have this unwavering belief,
163
461139
2494
因為我們有堅定的信念，
07:49
especially in American political culture,
164
463657
1954
特別是在美國政治文化下，
07:51
that we can shop our way
out of just about any problem.
out of just about any problem.
165
465635
2699
我們相信任何問題都能用購物解決。
07:55
But the reality is something different.
166
469114
2001
但現實不太一樣。
07:57
We're not going to solve
our food problems and our health problems
our food problems and our health problems
167
471139
3495
我們的食物問題和健康問題，
08:00
simply by switching from regular Coke
168
474658
3271
並不能單單靠著從喝一般可樂
08:03
to some future green iteration thereof.
169
477953
3430
改喝某種未來綠色版可樂來解決。
08:08
And although the large food companies
would like us to believe
would like us to believe
170
482451
5191
雖然大型食品公司會希望我們相信
08:13
that we can give our children
all of the vitamins, minerals
all of the vitamins, minerals
171
487666
3662
我們可以給孩子
他們所需的所有維生素、
他們所需的所有維生素、
礦物質、強健免疫的物質，
08:17
and immunity-building
substances that they need
substances that they need
172
491352
2467
08:19
without even leaving
the chocolatey cereal aisle --
the chocolatey cereal aisle --
173
493843
2662
不用離開超市的
巧克力麥片走道就能買到……
巧克力麥片走道就能買到……
08:22
(Laughter)
174
496529
1040
（笑聲）
08:23
the truth is something quite different.
175
497593
2082
但真相很不同。
08:25
Now, what's become
even more troublesome of late
even more troublesome of late
176
499699
2788
最近越來越麻煩的一件事是，
08:28
is that even the foods
that ought to be healthy aren't always so,
that ought to be healthy aren't always so,
177
502511
4952
即使應該要健康的食物
也不見得健康，
也不見得健康，
08:33
and we're starting to lose confidence
in our food system, I think.
in our food system, I think.
178
507487
3202
我們開始對我們的
食物系統失去信心了。
食物系統失去信心了。
08:36
The bigger it becomes
and the more complex it becomes.
and the more complex it becomes.
179
510713
3311
食物系統越大就變得越複雜。
08:40
And we've seen this time and time again.
180
514048
1906
我們已經屢次看見了。
08:41
This is an image
from the latest E. coli outbreak.
from the latest E. coli outbreak.
181
515978
3631
這張是取自近期
大腸桿菌爆發的圖片。
大腸桿菌爆發的圖片。
08:45
In this case, it was in Europe,
182
519633
1671
這個案例發生在歐洲，
08:47
and we think it was started
with bean sprouts, of all things.
with bean sprouts, of all things.
183
521328
4896
我們認為它首先始於豆芽。
08:53
So we have this sort of
shopper's dilemma right now.
shopper's dilemma right now.
184
527017
2993
所以我們現在有這種購物者兩難。
08:56
We have all of these different foods --
185
530034
2106
我們有各種不同食物──
08:58
30,000 foods in the average
big-box grocery store --
big-box grocery store --
186
532164
4166
在一般大型賣場中
有 30,000 種食物──
有 30,000 種食物──
09:02
but we have less confidence
in those foods,
in those foods,
187
536354
2461
但我們對那些食物比較沒信心了，
09:04
and we have less confidence in the actors
188
538839
2567
且我們對於把那些食物
放到架上的人，
放到架上的人，
09:07
that are putting those foods
on the shelves.
on the shelves.
189
541430
2154
也比較沒信心了。
09:10
I think we need to redefine
what good food is.
what good food is.
190
544192
2391
我們需要重新定義什麼是好食物。
09:13
This is an interesting image
from Berlin, Germany,
from Berlin, Germany,
191
547011
2504
這張有趣的照片是在德國柏林拍的，
09:15
where somebody started planting
shopping carts and leaving them around.
shopping carts and leaving them around.
192
549539
3406
有人開始在購物車上種植物
然後把購物車留在路上。
然後把購物車留在路上。
09:18
Those are potatoes, by the way.
193
552969
1552
順道一提，那些是馬鈴薯。
09:20
But in addition to redefining
what good food is,
what good food is,
194
554845
2559
但除了重新定義好食物，
09:23
I think we need to redefine
our living spaces.
our living spaces.
195
557428
2563
我們也得要重新定義
我們的居住空間。
我們的居住空間。
09:26
Instead of seeing this as a yard,
196
560015
2312
不要再把這個看成一個院子，
09:29
we need to think of it more
as like a full-service greengrocer.
as like a full-service greengrocer.
197
563186
3556
我們要把它想成
全套服務的蔬菜水果商。
全套服務的蔬菜水果商。
09:32
That's, in fact, my yard,
and that's how I look at it.
and that's how I look at it.
198
566766
3029
事實上，那是我的院子，
且我就是這樣看它的。
且我就是這樣看它的。
09:35
That's what we transformed our yard into,
199
569819
3197
我們要把院子轉變成這樣，
09:39
and I think a really key
message is this one:
message is this one:
200
573040
2331
我認為很重要的訊息是：
09:41
gardens grow good food.
201
575395
2429
菜園能種出好食物。
09:44
And when I say good food,
202
578330
1576
當我說好食物，
09:45
I mean a number of different things.
203
579930
1731
我的意思有好幾個，
09:47
I mean food that is safe,
204
581685
1448
包括安全的食物、
09:49
food that is healthy,
205
583157
1432
健康的食物、
09:50
food that is absolutely gorgeous
206
584613
1941
絕對很棒
09:52
and delicious.
207
586578
1186
且很好吃的食物。
09:54
Another important message is this one:
208
588319
2211
另一個重要的訊息是：
09:56
gardens grow healthy kids and families.
209
590554
2749
菜園能種出健康的孩子和家庭。
09:59
Those happen to be my two youngest sons,
210
593327
2504
那兩個是我最小的兒子，
10:01
and they look healthy
and they are healthy,
and they are healthy,
211
595855
2300
他們看起來很健康，他們很健康，
10:04
and I think it has to do with the fact
that they grew up in gardens
that they grew up in gardens
212
598179
3968
我想這和他們在菜園長大有關，
10:08
and they know where good food comes from.
213
602171
2320
他們知道好食物從何而來。
10:10
And in fact, they know how
to grow some of it themselves.
to grow some of it themselves.
214
604515
3478
事實上，他們自己還知道
要如何種出些好食物。
要如何種出些好食物。
10:14
But in the current economy,
I think it's key to get this message out,
I think it's key to get this message out,
215
608017
3416
但在目前的經濟中，我認為
關鍵在於要把這個訊息傳出去：
關鍵在於要把這個訊息傳出去：
10:17
that gardens also grow
important economic savings for families.
important economic savings for families.
216
611457
4608
菜園也能為家庭種出
重要的經濟節省。
重要的經濟節省。
10:22
And you can pretty much
take my word on this one,
take my word on this one,
217
616089
2728
這部分你們可以相信我說的，
10:24
because in addition to crunching
the vegetables a couple of years ago,
the vegetables a couple of years ago,
218
618841
4725
因為幾年前，除了蔬菜短缺之外，
10:29
my wife and I also crunched the numbers,
219
623590
2248
我太太和我也面臨財務短缺，
10:31
and we found out that at the end,
220
625862
2119
我們發現，最終，
10:34
we had saved well over 2,000 dollars
by growing our own food.
by growing our own food.
221
628005
3710
我們靠自己種食物
就省了超過 2,000 美元。
就省了超過 2,000 美元。
10:39
So you could be asking this question now:
222
633000
2162
所以你們現在可以問這個問題：
10:41
If gardens grow all of these great things,
how do we grow more gardens?
how do we grow more gardens?
223
635186
4255
如果菜園能種出這些好物，
那我們要如何種出更多菜園來？
那我們要如何種出更多菜園來？
10:45
That's, in fact, the question
that my organization,
that my organization,
224
639465
2661
事實上，這個問題正是我的組織，
10:48
Kitchen Gardens International,
225
642150
1470
「國際廚房菜園」，
10:49
is both asking and answering.
226
643644
2545
在問且答案的問題。
10:52
And our answer is essentially this one:
227
646213
2041
而我們的答案基本上是這個：
10:54
we're going to need to leverage
the resources and power that we have,
the resources and power that we have,
228
648278
4090
我們得要平衡我們
所擁有的資源和權力，
所擁有的資源和權力，
10:58
the gardens and gardeners that we have,
229
652392
2649
我們所擁有的菜園和園丁，
11:01
in order to grow and inspire even more.
230
655065
2963
才能種更多、激勵更多。
11:04
And as I said before, you never know
who you might inspire.
who you might inspire.
231
658492
3366
如我先前所言，你永遠不會知道
你可能影響到誰。
你可能影響到誰。
11:07
(Laughter)
232
661882
1749
（笑聲）
11:09
Now if this campaign was successful,
233
663655
2837
如果這個活動成功，
11:12
I think it wasn't simply because we had
a visionary First Lady
a visionary First Lady
234
666516
4599
我想它不只單單是因為
我們住在白宮的第一夫人有遠見──
11:17
taking up residence at the White House --
235
671139
2442
11:19
that certainly was a major part of it --
236
673605
2051
那肯定是它很主要的一部分──
11:21
and it wasn't simply because we had
some celebrity chefs and authors
some celebrity chefs and authors
237
675680
3232
也不單單是因為我們有
名人主廚及作家
名人主廚及作家
11:24
saying this would be a good idea to do.
238
678936
2163
背書說這是個好點子，可以去做。
11:27
I think it was ultimately made possible
239
681123
2758
我認為，最終能有機會成功，
11:29
by the fact that there were
a lot of people who wanted it to happen.
a lot of people who wanted it to happen.
240
683905
3328
是因為有很多人都希望它發生。
11:33
There was a movement that made it happen.
241
687257
2188
有個運動讓它發生。
11:35
And my organization tried
to sort of channel some of that energy
to sort of channel some of that energy
242
689469
3352
我的組織嘗試把那運動的一些能量
11:38
of the movement
243
692845
1153
給導出來，
11:40
and direct it towards the White House.
244
694022
2287
並將它導向白宮。
11:42
And we had a lot of luck
245
696333
1192
我們運氣很好，
11:43
in terms of getting our message
out there to the media.
out there to the media.
246
697549
2636
能把我們的訊息向外傳遞給媒體。
11:46
We had a petition on Facebook,
110,000 signatures.
110,000 signatures.
247
700209
3522
我們在臉書上有個請願，
有 11 萬人簽名。
有 11 萬人簽名。
11:49
We had viral images and videos,
248
703755
2447
我們有瘋傳的圖片和影片，
11:52
and we did crazy things like
symbolically putting the White House lawn
symbolically putting the White House lawn
249
706226
3838
我們做了些瘋狂的事，
像是象徵性地把白宮草坪
像是象徵性地把白宮草坪
11:56
up for sale on eBay.
250
710088
2171
放到 eBay 上去拍賣。
11:59
But we need to do even more,
251
713141
1387
但我們得要做更多，
12:00
and what we're trying to do
in my organization
in my organization
252
714552
2211
我的組織試圖去做的是
12:02
is to connect people online,
253
716787
1341
和網路上的人連結，
12:04
but also to connect people in person.
254
718152
2156
也和現實生活中的人連結。
12:06
This is an image from a little
holiday we invented
holiday we invented
255
720332
2964
這張照片是我們創造的一個小節日，
12:09
called "World Kitchen Garden Day."
256
723320
1969
叫做「世界廚房菜園日」，
12:11
It's at the end of August each year,
257
725313
1961
時間是每年的八月底，
12:13
and it's just about bringing
people together in gardens
people together in gardens
258
727298
2609
這節日的重點是讓人們聚在菜園裡，
12:15
to learn from one another,
259
729931
1396
彼此互相學習，
12:17
to experience a garden
as a community experience.
as a community experience.
260
731351
2768
以社群的形式去體驗菜園。
12:20
We also need to grow
the next generation of gardeners,
the next generation of gardeners,
261
734143
2792
我們也得要種出下一代的園丁，
12:22
and we're doing that
in the United States and abroad.
in the United States and abroad.
262
736959
2607
我們在美國及國外都在這麼做。
12:26
But there's still so much more
that needs to be done,
that needs to be done,
263
740110
3054
但還有好多好多需要去做的，
12:29
and I think this slide sort of captures
where we need to go.
where we need to go.
264
743188
3017
我想這張投影片點出了
我們未來的方向。
我們未來的方向。
12:32
We need a road map,
265
746229
1320
我們需要路標，
12:33
and I picked this slide for a reason.
266
747573
1784
我選這張投影片是有原因的。
12:35
We've got a bike garden on the left
267
749381
1713
左邊是個腳踏車菜園，
右邊是荷蘭的地圖。
12:37
and a map of the Netherlands on the right.
268
751118
2042
我今年初人在荷蘭，
12:39
I was in the Netherlands early this year
269
753184
1988
路上的腳踏車數量讓我太吃驚了；
12:41
and was absolutely amazed
by the amount of bikes on the road;
by the amount of bikes on the road;
270
755196
3972
12:45
26 percent of all trips taken
in the Netherlands are by bicycle,
in the Netherlands are by bicycle,
271
759192
3682
在荷蘭國內的所有行程中
有 26% 都是騎腳踏車的，
有 26% 都是騎腳踏車的，
12:48
and it's gotten me thinking:
272
762898
1352
那讓我思考：
12:50
How do we get that happening
in terms of food and gardens?
in terms of food and gardens?
273
764274
2938
換到食物和花園的情況，
我們如何讓這現象發生？
我們如何讓這現象發生？
12:53
How would we get 26 percent of all produce
coming from backyard gardens?
coming from backyard gardens?
274
767236
3726
我們如何能讓 26% 的
食物產出都是來自後院花園？
食物產出都是來自後院花園？
12:56
That might sound like a lot,
275
770986
1671
這聽起來可能很多，
12:58
because we're probably at about
two percent at the most right now.
two percent at the most right now.
276
772681
3159
因為目前最多大概只有 2%。
13:01
But if you take into consideration
277
775864
1673
但如果你去考量
13:03
that at the peak of the victory garden
movement last century,
movement last century,
278
777561
3281
上個世紀的勝利花園運動在高峰時
13:06
40 percent of all produce
was coming from gardens.
was coming from gardens.
279
780866
3283
達到 40% 食物產出都是來自花園。
13:10
We can get there again.
280
784173
1974
我們能再一次達成。
13:12
And I think this is a really good start.
281
786171
1964
我認為這是個很好的開始。
13:14
The White House garden
is certainly very inspirational.
is certainly very inspirational.
282
788159
2871
白宮花園肯定是非常鼓舞人心。
13:17
That's actually sort of a snapshot
of what the garden looked like
of what the garden looked like
283
791054
3168
這是白宮菜園的簡圖，
13:20
when it was planted earlier this spring --
284
794246
2024
呈現出今年春季初
裡面的種植狀況──
裡面的種植狀況──
13:22
lots of diversity, lots of healthy crops.
285
796294
2740
很高的多樣性，很多的健康作物。
13:25
However, this is not a good representation
286
799058
2944
然而，對於聯邦農業政策而言，
13:28
of our federal agriculture policy.
287
802026
1869
這不是很好的表現。
13:29
(Laughter)
288
803919
1561
（笑聲）
13:31
If we were to take the model here,
the diagram of that particular garden,
the diagram of that particular garden,
289
805504
4679
如果我們能把這裡的模型，
這個特定菜園的示意圖，
這個特定菜園的示意圖，
13:36
and sort of transpose it
onto our federal agriculture policy,
onto our federal agriculture policy,
290
810207
4440
把它調換到我們的聯邦農業政策中，
13:40
we'd get this:
291
814671
1236
我們就會得到這個：
13:42
billions of billions of dollars
going to support
going to support
292
816759
2967
數十億的金錢去支持
13:45
just a handful of commodity crops
293
819750
2508
一小撮經濟作物，
13:49
with just that tiny little bit at the top
for fruits and vegetables.
for fruits and vegetables.
294
823032
3763
只有最上面的一點點是
分給食物和蔬菜的。
分給食物和蔬菜的。
13:52
This is scandalous. This is scandalous.
295
826819
2620
這很令人憤慨，這很令人憤慨。
13:55
We need to do something about this.
296
829463
1972
我們得做點什麼來面對這個問題。
13:59
I think one place we could start
is we could look at the tax code.
is we could look at the tax code.
297
833774
3719
我想，其中一個起始點是，
我們可以看看稅法。
我們可以看看稅法。
14:03
We're already using the tax code
to encourage green transport
to encourage green transport
298
837517
3774
我們已經在用稅法來鼓勵綠色交通
14:07
and green shelter.
299
841315
1364
及綠色房屋。
14:08
Why not green food?
300
842703
1343
為什麼不鼓勵綠色食物？
14:10
We're in the midst now of talking
about another stimulus package.
about another stimulus package.
301
844070
3274
我們現在正在談論
另一個刺激經濟方案。
另一個刺激經濟方案。
14:13
Why not a garden stimulus package?
302
847368
2754
為什麼不做菜園刺激方案？
14:16
Why not?
303
850146
1176
為什麼不？
14:17
(Applause)
304
851346
2754
（掌聲）
14:25
In terms of other things
that we need to be doing,
that we need to be doing,
305
859395
2444
至於其他我們需要做的事，
14:27
we need to move down to the local level
306
861863
1938
我們得要向下移到地方層級，
14:29
and we need to make sure
that gardens are legal.
that gardens are legal.
307
863825
2451
我們得要確保菜園是合法的。
14:32
This is an illegal garden.
At least it was.
At least it was.
308
866300
2087
這是個非法菜園，至少曾經是。
14:34
It's from Michigan earlier this year.
309
868411
1857
這是今年早些在密西根拍的。
14:36
It was planted by a woman,
a mother of four,
a mother of four,
310
870292
2927
這菜園是一個女子種的，
她是四個孩子的媽，
她是四個孩子的媽，
14:39
and she nearly faced
a 93-day jail sentence
a 93-day jail sentence
311
873243
3265
她差點被判 93 天的徒刑，
14:42
because she planted it in her front yard.
312
876532
2213
因為她種在她的前院。
14:45
We still have laws from the 20th century.
313
879175
4145
我們還有來自二十世紀的法律。
14:49
We need to bring our codes up
to the realities that we are facing now.
to the realities that we are facing now.
314
883344
5714
我們得要把法規提升到
和我們所面對的現實同一個水平。
和我們所面對的現實同一個水平。
14:55
We need to figure out also
new ways of getting people into gardens,
new ways of getting people into gardens,
315
889082
3769
我們也得想出新方法來
讓沒有院子的人
讓沒有院子的人
14:58
people who don't have yards.
316
892875
1527
也能進入菜園，
15:01
I think we also need to set
garden entrepreneurism free,
garden entrepreneurism free,
317
895223
3761
我想我們也得解放菜園企業家精神，
15:05
and I'm happy to say, as a Mainer,
318
899008
2234
我很高興能說，身為緬因州人，
15:07
that we are leading the way in this area.
319
901266
2363
我們正在這個區域中領路。
15:09
Earlier this year, a number of Maine towns
320
903653
2457
今年早先，一些緬因州的小鎮
15:12
passed local food sovereignty laws
321
906134
2391
通過了地方食物主權法，
15:14
that allow town residents
to not only grow food
to not only grow food
322
908549
2936
讓小鎮居民不但能
在他們想種食物的地方種食物，
15:17
where they want to grow it
323
911509
1321
15:18
but to also sell it
the way they want to sell it
the way they want to sell it
324
912854
2873
也能以他們想銷售食物的方式
來銷售食物，
來銷售食物，
15:21
and to the people they want to sell it to.
325
915751
2087
銷售給他們想銷售的對象。
15:23
I think that's an incentive.
326
917862
1827
我想那是一種刺激鼓勵。
15:25
There are a lot of gardeners out there
327
919713
1834
外面有很多的菜園，
15:27
that would be interested in scaling up
their production if they could,
their production if they could,
328
921571
3357
如果能的話，他們都很願意
把產量規模提升，
把產量規模提升，
15:30
if they had a financial incentive.
329
924952
1851
如果有財務上的獎勵的話。
15:33
I also think that we need to examine
330
927247
2181
我想我們也得要探討
15:35
the composition of the movement right now.
331
929452
3002
現在這個運動的構成分子。
（圖：男孩們到哪去了？）
（圖：男孩們到哪去了？）
15:38
(Laughter)
332
932478
2272
（笑聲）
15:40
If the movement were a 1960s beach flick,
333
934774
3465
如果這個運動是一部
1960 年代的海灘電影，
1960 年代的海灘電影，
15:44
it would be "Where The Boys Aren't."
334
938263
1770
片名就會叫「沒有男孩的地方」。
15:46
(Laughter)
335
940057
1017
（笑聲）
15:47
So I'm going to take you to task, guys.
336
941098
2229
所以，男士們，我要你們也去做，
15:49
It's not right and it's not fair
that the burden of this responsibility --
that the burden of this responsibility --
337
943351
4305
這個責任的擔子
──提供食物給我們的國家和世界──
──提供食物給我們的國家和世界──
15:53
feeding our country and the world --
338
947680
1731
都交給女性來做，
15:55
should be with the women.
339
949435
1245
是不對也不公平的。
15:56
OK?
340
950704
1174
好嗎？
15:57
(Applause)
341
951902
3217
（掌聲）
16:01
And I'm going to challenge the women
342
955143
1781
我現在要挑戰女性，
16:02
to come up with really clever,
creative ways of getting guys
creative ways of getting guys
343
956948
2968
能否提出非常聰明、有創意的方式，
來讓男性也進入菜園？
16:05
into the gardens, too.
344
959940
1265
16:07
(Laughter)
345
961229
1347
（笑聲）
16:08
Perhaps wearing a bathing suit?
346
962600
1592
也許用穿泳裝的方式？
16:10
(Laughter)
347
964216
2488
（笑聲）
16:12
But beyond that, I think we need
to reexamine the infrastructure
to reexamine the infrastructure
348
966728
3520
但除此之外，我想我們得要重新探究
我們放在菜園中的基礎建設。
16:16
that we have in place for gardens.
349
970272
1676
16:17
I think we need to create
new infrastructure.
new infrastructure.
350
971972
2283
我想我們得要創造新的基礎建設。
16:20
And this is one of the things
my organization is working on right now,
my organization is working on right now,
351
974279
3774
這是我的組織正在
努力做的工作之一，
努力做的工作之一，
16:24
sort of a local communications
infrastructure, very place-based,
infrastructure, very place-based,
352
978077
4884
像是種地方通信基礎建設，
非常以地方為基礎的，
非常以地方為基礎的，
16:28
that allows people in the same area
to connect with one another
to connect with one another
353
982985
3666
能讓同一區的人彼此聯絡，
16:32
and to help each other out.
354
986675
2119
來提供彼此協助。
16:35
I think we're lacking this
at the moment --
at the moment --
355
989128
2108
我想我們目前很缺這一塊……
16:37
(Laughter)
356
991260
1605
（笑聲）
16:38
but we can do it.
357
992889
1348
但我們能做到的。
16:40
The technology is certainly there.
358
994261
2018
技術上絕對沒問題。
16:42
In addition to that, I think we need
another type of infrastructure.
another type of infrastructure.
359
996303
3251
此外，我們也需要
不同型的基礎建設。
不同型的基礎建設。
16:45
It would be good if we could
all get together.
all get together.
360
999578
2179
如果我們能通通聚在一起會很棒。
16:47
I think if we've learned anything
through the TED experience,
through the TED experience,
361
1001781
3319
若我們從 TED 經驗中有學到什麼，
16:51
it's that there is power
when we bring people together,
when we bring people together,
362
1005124
2736
就是的確有力量可以讓人們團結，
16:53
and I think we need to bring people
together at the local level as well.
together at the local level as well.
363
1007884
3413
我們也得在地方層級上
把人們團結起來。
把人們團結起來。
16:57
And I think we can take some inspiration
from a previous movement,
from a previous movement,
364
1011321
3198
我們能從先前的運動，
也就是農莊運動，
也就是農莊運動，
17:00
which was the grange movement,
365
1014543
1437
來得到一些靈感，
17:02
a rural movement which brought farmers
together in a single building
together in a single building
366
1016004
4553
那是個農村運動，
把農夫都聚集在一棟房子內，
把農夫都聚集在一棟房子內，
17:06
to meet and to recreate
and learn how to become better farmers.
and learn how to become better farmers.
367
1020581
3430
相見、休閒，並學習
如何變成更好的農夫。
如何變成更好的農夫。
17:10
I think we need a network
368
1024035
1934
我想我們現在需要網路，
17:11
of suburban granges now.
369
1025993
2095
郊區農村的網路。
17:15
I think one of the last
things that we need
things that we need
370
1029916
2170
我想我們的最後一項需求，
17:18
is to not lose the fun of food.
371
1032110
2694
是不要失去食物的樂趣。
17:20
Food is at its best when it's delicious
but shared as part of a community,
but shared as part of a community,
372
1034828
5459
食物的最佳狀態就是很美味，
但若把它當作社區的一部份來分享，
但若把它當作社區的一部份來分享，
17:26
and I think that gardens can get
some of that community vibe back as well.
some of that community vibe back as well.
373
1040311
4387
我認為反過來菜園也能
得到一些社區的氛圍。
得到一些社區的氛圍。
17:30
So I'm going to leave with one last video,
374
1044722
2592
我要分享最後一支影片，
17:33
and I'm going to revisit the short video
that I showed you before,
that I showed you before,
375
1047338
4040
我會回到先前讓你們看的短片，
17:37
but I'm going to suggest
an alternative ending.
an alternative ending.
376
1051402
4032
但這次我會提出另一種結局。
17:41
And I think this ending
is well within our reach,
is well within our reach,
377
1055458
2755
我認為這個結局是我們辦得到的，
17:44
but it's really going to require
that we all pull together.
that we all pull together.
378
1058237
2860
但真的需要我們都團結在一起。
17:47
So here's the new history of gastronomy.
379
1061121
2890
所以，這是新的美食學歷史。
17:51
("Also sprach Zarathustra" plays)
380
1065750
2415
（《查拉圖斯特拉如是說 2（續集）》）
18:08
(Applause)
381
1082456
5351
（掌聲）
18:30
(Applause and cheers)
382
1104944
5476
（掌聲與歡呼）
18:39
Thank you very much.
Thank you all. Thank you.
Thank you all. Thank you.
383
1113692
2143
非常謝謝。謝謝大家，謝謝你們。
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Roger Doiron - Gardening activistRoger Doiron wants everyone to plant a garden. He’s the founder of Kitchen Gardeners International, a network of home gardeners.
Why you should listen
Roger Doiron is dedicated to helping individuals grow their own food. He is the founder of Kitchen Gardeners International -- a network of 20,000 individuals in 100 countries. In 2008, he started the "Eat the View" campaign, a successful bid to get the White House to plant a kitchen garden--which was planted (by none other the First Lady) in March, 2009.
Roger Doiron | Speaker | TED.com