ABOUT THE SPEAKER
George Blair-West - Psychiatrist
Dr. George Blair-West is an author, researcher and doctor specializing in psychiatry.

Why you should listen

Dr. George Blair-West specializes in psychiatry in private practice in Brisbane, Australia. He sub-specializes in trauma and relationship/sex therapy. His abiding interest is distilling the latest psychotherapeutic research, honing these insights for impactful delivery through his clinical work, and then sharing them with the greater population.

In the 1990s, as a Senior Lecturer at the University of Queensland, Blair-West published widely on suicide and depression. Needing to lose weight himself, he then turned his focus to the overlooked research into the psychological forces that prevent weight loss. The bestselling book Weight Loss for Food Lovers: Understanding Our Minds and Why We Sabotage Our Weight Loss (translated into Dutch and Chinese) along with related research papers resulted in keynote addresses, a regular spot on the Australian breakfast show Today and media appearances around the world. A children's book on teaching healthy eating habits followed, and in 2010 Blair-West was named one of the "top 20 most influential obesity experts in the world."

Blair-West's 2013 novel The Way of The Quest received three international awards and was about the "how to" of finding one's meaning and purpose in life while building healthy relationships.

Helping people make sense of relationships is Blair-West's most important work. Drawing on his 25 years as a relationship therapist, he is currently writing his fourth book, How to Make the Biggest Decision of Your Life with his daughter Jiveny Blair-West, a dating coach. He and his wife Penny, a psychologist, celebrated 30 years of marriage in 2018.

More profile about the speaker
George Blair-West | Speaker | TED.com
TEDxBrisbane

George Blair-West: 3 ways to build a happy marriage and avoid divorce

喬治.布萊爾-韋斯特: 建立快樂婚姻和避免離婚的三種方式

Filmed:
3,158,765 views

選擇和某個人結婚並和他共享你的一生,是人生中最重大的決策。但世界上有些地方的離婚率接近50%,很顯然我們能利用一些方法幫助我們挑選伴侶。在這場可化為行動且具有啟發性的演說中,精神病學家喬治.布萊爾-韋斯特分享了可以預防離婚的三項關鍵——且讓你在約會時就能先發現潛藏的問題。
- Psychiatrist
Dr. George Blair-West is an author, researcher and doctor specializing in psychiatry. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:15
Almost幾乎 50 years年份 ago,
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大約五十年前,
00:17
psychiatrists精神科醫生 Richard理查德 Rahe拉赫
and Thomas托馬斯 Holmes霍姆斯 developed發達 an inventory庫存
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精神病學家理查.拉希
和湯瑪斯.荷姆斯列出了一張
排序了人類所能經歷
最痛苦事件的評量表。
00:22
of the most distressing令人痛心
human人的 experiences經驗 that we could have.
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00:28
Number one on the list名單? Death死亡 of a spouse伴侶.
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排名第一的是什麼經歷?喪偶。
00:32
Number two, divorce離婚.
Three, marital婚姻 separation分割.
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第二名:離婚。第三名:分居。
00:35
Now, generally通常, but not always,
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一般來說,但並不盡然,
00:38
for those three to occur發生, we need
what comes in number seven on the list名單,
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上述三種狀況會發生的前提是
先要有排行第七名的經歷:
00:42
which哪一個 is marriage婚姻.
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婚姻。
00:44
(Laughter笑聲)
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(笑聲)
00:46
Fourth第四 on the list名單 is imprisonment徒刑
in an institution機構.
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第四名是被監禁在一個機構中。
00:51
Now, some say number seven
has been counted twice兩次.
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有人說這和第七名的項目重覆了。
00:54
(Laughter笑聲)
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(笑聲)
00:58
I don't believe that.
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我不這麼認為。
01:00
When the life stress強調 inventory庫存 was built內置,
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在人生壓力量表出現的那個時代,
01:04
back then, a long-term長期 relationship關係
pretty漂亮 much equated劃等號 to a marriage婚姻.
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一段長期的關係就等同於婚姻。
01:10
Not so now.
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現在就不見得了。
所以在這場演說中,
01:11
So for the purposes目的 of this talk,
I'm going to be including包含
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我會納入……
01:16
de facto事實上 relationships關係,
common-law普通法 marriages婚姻
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同居關係、普通法婚姻、
01:18
and same-sex同性 marriages婚姻,
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同性婚姻,
01:21
or same-sex同性 relationships關係
soon不久 hopefully希望 to become成為 marriages婚姻.
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或是有希望很快就能
變成婚姻的同性關係。
01:26
And I can say from my work
with same-sex同性 couples情侶,
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根據我在工作中
和同性伴侶的互動瞭解,
01:28
the principles原則 I'm about
to talk about are no different不同.
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我可以說接下來要談的原則
不會因性向而有所不同。
01:32
They're the same相同 across橫過 all relationships關係.
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這些原則適用於各種關係。
01:35
So in a modern現代 society社會,
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在現代社會,
01:38
we know that prevention預防
is better than cure治愈.
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我們都知道預防勝於治療。
01:42
We vaccinate接種疫苗 against反對 polio脊髓灰質炎, diphtheria白喉,
tetanus破傷風, whooping百日咳 cough咳嗽, measles麻疹.
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我們打疫苗來預防小兒麻痺、
白喉、破傷風、百日咳、麻疹。
01:47
We have awareness意識 campaigns活動
for melanoma黑色素瘤, stroke行程, diabetes糖尿病 --
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對於黑色素瘤、中風、糖尿病,
我們都有舉辦宣導活動——
01:51
all important重要 campaigns活動.
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都是重要的活動。
01:54
But none沒有 of those conditions條件 come close
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但這些疾病沒有一樣會影響到
01:58
to affecting影響 45 percent百分 of us.
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45% 的我們。
02:02
Forty-five四十五 percent百分: that's
our current當前 divorce離婚 rate.
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45%:那是我們目前的離婚率。
02:06
Why no prevention預防 campaign運動 for divorce離婚?
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為什麼沒有針對離婚做的預防活動?
02:11
Well, I think it's because
our policymakers政策制定者 don't believe
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我認為原因是因為
我們的政策制訂者不相信
02:17
that things like attraction引力
and the way relationships關係 are built內置
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吸引力和營建關係等這類東西,
02:22
is changeable多變 or educable可教育的.
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是可以改變或可以教育的。
02:25
Why?
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為什麼?
02:27
Well, our policymakers政策制定者 currently目前
are Generation X.
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目前,我們的政策制訂者
是 X 世代的人。
02:31
They're in their 30s to 50s.
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他們年約三十幾歲到五十幾歲。
02:34
And when I'm talking to these guys
about these issues問題,
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當我和他們談到這些議題時,
02:38
I see their eyes眼睛 glaze over,
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我會看到他們目光變呆滯,
02:40
and I can see them thinking思維,
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我知道他們在想:
02:42
"Doesn't this crazy psychiatrist心理醫生 get it?
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「這個瘋精神病學家難道不懂嗎?
02:45
You can't control控制 the way in which哪一個
people attract吸引 other people
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我們無法控制人與人相互吸引
以及建立關係的方式。」
02:49
and build建立 relationships關係."
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02:52
Not so, our dear millennials千禧.
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不是這樣的,親愛的千禧世代。
02:55
This is the most information-connected資訊連接,
analytical分析 and skeptical懷疑的 generation,
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這是資訊連結最緊密、最具分析
和懷疑精神的世代,
03:01
making製造 the most informed通知 decisions決定
of any generation before them.
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比起先前的任何世代都能
做出更明智的決策。
03:06
And when I talk to millennials千禧,
I get a very different不同 reaction反應.
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當我和千禧世代談話時,
我得到非常不同的反應。
03:10
They actually其實 want to hear about this.
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他們會很想要聽這件事。
他們想知道我們如何
才能維持長久的關係?
03:12
They want to know about how do we
have relationships關係 that last?
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03:18
So for those of you who want to embrace擁抱
the post- "romantic浪漫 destiny命運" era時代 with me,
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所以,如果你想和我一起
擁抱後「浪漫邂逅」時代,
03:23
let me talk about my three life hacks黑客
for preventing防止 divorce離婚.
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讓我來談談避免離婚的
三項人生秘技。
03:28
Now, we can intervene干預
to prevent避免 divorce離婚 at two points:
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我們可在以下的兩個時點
介入以預防離婚:
03:32
later後來, once一旦 the cracks裂縫 begin開始 to appear出現
in an established既定 relationship關係;
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後期,在已確立的關係出現裂痕時;
03:37
or earlier, before we commit承諾,
before we have children孩子.
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或早期,在做出承諾之前,
在生孩子之前。
03:42
And that's where I'm going to take us now.
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我現在就要來跟大家談談這些。
03:46
So my first life hack:
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所以,我的第一項人生秘技:
03:48
millennials千禧 spend seven-plus七人制以上 hours小時
on their devices設備 a day.
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千禧世代每天會花七個小時以上
在他們的電子裝置。
03:54
That's American美國 data數據.
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那是美國的資料。
03:56
And some say, probably大概 not unreasonably無理,
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有些人認為,可能不無道理,
03:58
this has probably大概 affected受影響
their face-to-face面對面 relationships關係.
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這個現象可能會影響到
他們面對面的關係。
04:03
Indeed確實, and add to that
the hookup掛鉤 culture文化,
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的確,再加上配對文化,
04:06
ergoERGO apps應用 like Tinder火種,
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Tinder 這類約會應用程式,
04:08
and it's no great surprise that
the 20-somethings-somethings that I work with
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我並不意外,當工作上
遇到的二十多歲年輕人
04:12
will often經常 talk to me about
how it is often經常 easier更輕鬆 for them
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常常會跟我談到,
通常對他們來說,和認識的人上床
04:16
to have sex性別 with somebody that they've他們已經 met會見
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比和他們做有意義的談話更為容易。
04:18
than have a meaningful富有意義的 conversation會話.
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04:21
Now, some say this is a bad thing.
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有些人認為這不是好事。
04:24
I say this is a really good thing.
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我會說這是件很好的事。
04:28
It's a particularly尤其 good thing
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特別好的一點就是
04:31
to be having sex性別 outside
of the institution機構 of marriage婚姻.
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能夠在婚姻的制度之外發生性行為。
04:35
Now, before you go out
and get all moral道德 on me,
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在你們以道德來訓誡我之前,
04:38
remember記得 that Generation X,
in the American美國 Public上市 Report報告,
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別忘了,根據美國公眾報告,
04:42
they found發現 that 91 percent百分 of women婦女
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他們發現 X 世代中
有 91% 的女性
04:45
had had premarital婚前 sex性別 by the age年齡 of 30.
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在三十歲之前就有過婚前性行為。
04:48
Ninety-one91 percent百分.
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91%。
04:51
It's a particularly尤其 good thing that
these relationships關係 are happening事件 later後來.
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特別好的一點就是,
關係建立是在之後才發生的。
04:56
See, boomers in the '60s --
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六 ○ 年代嬰兒潮出生的人——
04:59
they were getting得到 married已婚
at an average平均 age年齡 for women婦女 of 20
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他們平均的結婚年齡是:
女性二十歲,
05:03
and 23 for men男人.
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男性二十三歲。
05:05
2015 in Australia澳大利亞?
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2015 年澳洲的狀況呢?
05:07
That is now 30 for women婦女 and 32 for men男人.
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女性三十歲,男性三十二歲。
05:13
That's a good thing, because
the older舊的 you are when you get married已婚,
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那是件好事,
因為等年紀較長再結婚,
05:19
the lower降低 your divorce離婚 rate.
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你的離婚率會比較低。
為什麼?為什麼
晚點結婚是有幫助的?
05:21
Why?
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05:22
Why is it helpful有幫助 to get married已婚 later後來?
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05:24
Three reasons原因.
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有三個理由。第一:
05:25
Firstly首先, getting得到 married已婚 later後來 allows允許
the other two preventers預防器 of divorce離婚
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晚婚能讓另外兩項
預防離婚的元素發揮作用。
05:30
to come into play.
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05:31
They are tertiary第三 education教育
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這兩項元素分別是高等教育
05:34
and a higher更高 income收入, which哪一個 tends趨向
to go with tertiary第三 education教育.
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及更高的收入,
這項通常和高等教育有關。
05:38
So these three factors因素 all
kind of get mixed up together一起.
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所以這三個因子彼此都有些關聯。
05:41
Number two,
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第二,
05:42
neuroplasticity神經可塑性 research研究 tell us
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神經可塑性研究告訴我們,
05:44
that the human人的 brain is still growing生長
until直到 at least最小 the age年齡 of 25.
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人類大腦會一直成長到
至少二十五歲。
05:51
So that means手段 how you're thinking思維
and what you're thinking思維
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那就表示你的思考方式和思考內容
在二十五歲之前仍然在改變。
05:54
is still changing改變 up until直到 25.
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05:57
And thirdly第三, and most importantly重要的
to my mind心神, is personality個性.
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第三,也是我認為最重要的,
就是人格。
06:00
Your personality個性 at the age年齡 of 20
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你在二十歲時的人格
06:03
does not correlate關聯 with
your personality個性 at the age年齡 of 50.
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和你在五十歲時的人格
並沒有相關性。
06:07
But your personality個性 at the age年齡 of 30
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但你在三十歲時的人格
06:09
does correlate關聯 with
your personality個性 at the age年齡 of 50.
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和你在五十歲時的
人格確實有相關性。
06:13
So when I ask somebody
who got married已婚 young年輕 why they broke打破 up,
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當我問早婚的人,為什麼會分手 ?
他們會說:「我們漸行漸遠。」
06:16
and they say, "We grew成長 apart距離,"
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06:18
they're being存在 surprisingly出奇 accurate準確,
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這說法其實非常正確,
06:20
because the 20s is a decade
of rapid快速 change更改 and maturation成熟.
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因為二十多歲,
是快速改變和成熟的時期。
所以,想結婚前你該做的
第一件事就是:變老。
06:25
So the first thing you want to get
before you get married已婚 is older舊的.
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06:30
(Laughter笑聲)
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(笑聲)
06:34
Number two,
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第二,
06:35
John約翰 Gottman高特曼, psychologist心理學家
and relationship關係 researcher研究員,
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約翰.高特曼是位心理學家
和關係研究者,
06:40
can tell us many許多 factors因素 that correlate關聯
with a happy快樂, successful成功 marriage婚姻.
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能告訴我們許多快樂、
成功婚姻的相關要素。
06:46
But the one that I want to talk about
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但我想要談的是一個重大要素,
06:48
is a big one:
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06:50
81 percent百分 of marriages婚姻 implode,
self-destruct自我毀滅, if this problem問題 is present當下.
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如果有這個問題出現,
81% 的婚姻都會潰堤
導致自我毀滅。
06:56
And the second第二 reason原因 why I want
to talk about it here
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我想要在這裡談它的第二個理由
是因為你在約會時就可以評估它。
06:59
is because it's something
you can evaluate評估 while you're dating約會.
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07:03
Gottman高特曼 found發現 that the relationships關係
that were the most stable穩定 and happy快樂
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高特曼發現,
最穩定、快樂且較長久的關係,
07:08
over the longer term術語
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是夫妻能夠共享權力的婚姻。
07:10
were relationships關係 in which哪一個
the couple一對 shared共享 power功率.
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07:14
They were influenceable可影響的:
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他們能相互影響:
07:18
big decisions決定, like buying購買 a house,
overseas海外 trips旅行, buying購買 a car汽車,
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重大決策,比如買房子、
出國旅行、買車子、
07:23
having children孩子.
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生孩子。
07:24
But when Gottman高特曼
drilled down on this data數據,
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但當高特曼深入分析這些資料,
07:27
what he found發現 was that women婦女
were generally通常 pretty漂亮 influenceable可影響的.
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他發現女性通常很容易受影響。
07:33
Guess猜測 where the problem問題 lay鋪設?
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猜猜問題在哪裡?
07:35
(Laughter笑聲)
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(笑聲)
07:36
Yeah, there's only
two options選項 here, isn't there?
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是的,只有兩個選項,對吧?
07:39
Yeah, we men男人 were to blame.
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是的,要怪我們男人。
07:42
The other thing that Gottman高特曼 found發現
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高特曼還有一項發現,
07:44
is that men男人 who are influenceable可影響的
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能夠受影響的男性
07:48
also tended往往 to be "outstanding優秀 fathers父親."
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也傾向會成為「出色的爸爸」。
07:53
So women婦女: How influenceable可影響的 is your man?
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所以,女性們:妳的男人
會受妳多少的影響?
07:58
Men男人:
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男性們:
08:03
you're with her because you respect尊重 her.
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你和她在一起是因為你尊重她,
08:07
Make sure that respect尊重 plays播放 out
in the decision-making做決定 process處理.
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請確保自己在做決策的過程中
也能展現出那份尊重。
08:14
Number three.
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第三,
08:19
I'm often經常 intrigued好奇 by
why couples情侶 come in to see me
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通常我很好奇那些已經有
08:23
after they've他們已經 been married已婚
for 30 or 40 years年份.
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三十或四十年婚齡的夫妻,
為何還來找我。
08:26
This is a time when they're approaching接近
the infirmities軟弱 and illness疾病 of old age年齡.
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這是他們面臨體弱和疾病的高齡期。
08:31
It's a time when they're particularly尤其
focused重點 on caring愛心 for each other.
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這個是他們會特別重視
照護彼此的時期。
08:37
They'll他們會 forgive原諒 things
that have bugged竊聽 them for years年份.
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他們會寬恕那些多年來
煩擾他們的事情。
08:40
They'll他們會 forgive原諒 all betrayals背叛,
even infidelities不忠,
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他們會寬恕背叛,甚至不忠,
08:43
because they're focused重點
on caring愛心 for each other.
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因為他們把焦點放在照顧彼此。
所以,是什麼讓他們分離?
08:46
So what pulls them apart距離?
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08:47
The best最好 word I have
for this is reliability可靠性,
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我能想到最理想的詞是:可靠度,
08:50
or the lack缺乏 thereof.
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或是說缺乏可靠度。
08:52
Does your partner夥伴 have your back?
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你的另一半能當你的靠山嗎?
這有兩種形式。
08:54
It takes two forms形式.
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08:55
Firstly首先, can you rely依靠 on your partner夥伴
to do what they say they're going to do?
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第一,你能不能仰賴你的另一半,
相信他會說到做到?
09:01
Do they follow跟隨 through通過?
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他們能堅持到底嗎?
09:03
Secondly其次,
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第二,
09:06
if, for example,
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舉例來說,
09:08
you're out and you're being存在
verbally口頭 attacked襲擊 by somebody,
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若你在外面被人言語攻擊,
09:10
or you're suffering痛苦 from
a really disabling禁用 illness疾病,
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或是你得了失能的疾病,
09:16
does your partner夥伴 step up
and do what needs需求 to be doneDONE
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你的另一半會義無反顧地
扛起保護和照顧的責任,
09:19
to leave離開 you feeling感覺
cared照顧 for and protected保護?
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讓你感受到關愛與呵護?
09:23
And here's這裡的 the rub:
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困難處在這裡:
09:25
if you're facing面對 old age年齡,
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如果你步入老年,
09:27
and your partner夥伴
isn't doing that for you --
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而你的另一半沒有為你做這些——
09:29
in fact事實, you're having
to do that for them --
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事實上,是你得要為他們做這些 ——
09:32
then in an already-fragile已經脆弱 relationship關係,
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那麼,在已經很脆弱的關係中,
09:35
it can look a bit like you might威力
be better off out of it rather than in it.
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你可能就會覺得,脫離關係
會比留在關係中更好些。
09:41
So is your partner夥伴 there for you
when it really matters事項?
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所以,
在重要的時刻,
你的另一半會陪在你身邊嗎?
09:49
Not all the time, 80 percent百分 of the time,
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不用隨時都在,
80% 的時候要在,
09:51
but particularly尤其 if it's important重要 to you.
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特別是對你而言很重要的時候。
09:55
On your side, think carefully小心 before you
commit承諾 to do something for your partner夥伴.
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在你這一邊,
在你對另一半承諾之前要謹慎思考。
10:01
It is much better to commit承諾 to
as much as you can follow跟隨 through通過
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量力而為地履行承諾,
比輕諾寡信卻事後讓人失望,
10:05
than to commit承諾 to more
sound-good-in-the-moment聲音在瞬間良好
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10:08
and then let them down.
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要好太多。
10:14
And if it's really important重要
to your partner夥伴, and you commit承諾 to it,
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如果你承諾了某件對你的
另一半而言是很重要的事,
10:18
make sure you move移動 hell地獄
and high water to follow跟隨 through通過.
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要確保自己就算上刀山
下油鍋也得堅持到底。
10:21
Now, these are things
that I'm saying you can look for.
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這些是你們可以注意的事情。
10:24
Don't worry擔心, these are also
things that can be built內置
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別擔心,這些在現存的關係中,
也可以建構出來。
10:27
in existing現有 relationships關係.
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10:32
I believe that the most important重要 decision決定
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我相信,你所能做出
10:37
that you can make
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最重要的決策
10:38
is who you choose選擇 as a life partner夥伴,
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就是選擇人生的伴侶,
10:43
who you choose選擇 as
the other parent of your children孩子.
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你要選擇誰來當孩子的家長?
10:47
And of course課程, romance浪漫 has to be there.
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當然,一定要有愛情的成分。
10:49
Romance浪漫 is a grand盛大 and beautiful美麗
and quirky詭詐的 thing.
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愛情是種令人愉悅、美好
卻又變幻莫測的東西。
10:54
But we need to add
to a romantic浪漫, loving愛心 heart
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但除了要有浪漫、懂愛的心之外,
10:59
an informed通知, thoughtful周到 mind心神,
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我們還要有顆明智細心的大腦,
11:03
as we make the most important重要
decision決定 of our life.
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才能為我們的人生
做出最重要的決策。
11:06
Thank you.
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謝謝。
11:07
(Applause掌聲)
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(掌聲)
Translated by Lilian Chiu
Reviewed by SF Huang

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
George Blair-West - Psychiatrist
Dr. George Blair-West is an author, researcher and doctor specializing in psychiatry.

Why you should listen

Dr. George Blair-West specializes in psychiatry in private practice in Brisbane, Australia. He sub-specializes in trauma and relationship/sex therapy. His abiding interest is distilling the latest psychotherapeutic research, honing these insights for impactful delivery through his clinical work, and then sharing them with the greater population.

In the 1990s, as a Senior Lecturer at the University of Queensland, Blair-West published widely on suicide and depression. Needing to lose weight himself, he then turned his focus to the overlooked research into the psychological forces that prevent weight loss. The bestselling book Weight Loss for Food Lovers: Understanding Our Minds and Why We Sabotage Our Weight Loss (translated into Dutch and Chinese) along with related research papers resulted in keynote addresses, a regular spot on the Australian breakfast show Today and media appearances around the world. A children's book on teaching healthy eating habits followed, and in 2010 Blair-West was named one of the "top 20 most influential obesity experts in the world."

Blair-West's 2013 novel The Way of The Quest received three international awards and was about the "how to" of finding one's meaning and purpose in life while building healthy relationships.

Helping people make sense of relationships is Blair-West's most important work. Drawing on his 25 years as a relationship therapist, he is currently writing his fourth book, How to Make the Biggest Decision of Your Life with his daughter Jiveny Blair-West, a dating coach. He and his wife Penny, a psychologist, celebrated 30 years of marriage in 2018.

More profile about the speaker
George Blair-West | Speaker | TED.com

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