TEDGlobal 2011
Yang Lan: The generation that's remaking China
Yang Lan: Generationen, der forandrer Kina
Filmed:
Readability: 4.3
2,042,453 views
Yang Lan, en journalist og entreprenør, der er blevet kaldt "Kinas Oprah," giver indsigt i den næste generation af unge kinesere -- bymennesker, forbundne (via mikroblogs) og opmærksomme på uretfærdighed.
Yang Lan - Media mogul, TV host
Yang Lan is often called “the Oprah of China.” The chair of a multiplatform business empire, Yang is pioneering more-open means of communication in the communist nation. Full bio
Yang Lan is often called “the Oprah of China.” The chair of a multiplatform business empire, Yang is pioneering more-open means of communication in the communist nation. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
The night before I was heading for Scotland,
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Natten før, jeg skulle til Skotland,
00:18
I was invited to host the final
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blev jeg bedt om at være vært for finalen
00:21
of "China's Got Talent" show in Shanghai
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i "Kina Har Talent"-showet i Shanghai
00:24
with the 80,000 live audience in the stadium.
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med 80.000 tilskuere i stadionet.
00:28
Guess who was the performing guest?
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Gæt, hvem der gæsteoptrådte?
00:31
Susan Boyle.
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Susan Boyle.
00:34
And I told her, "I'm going to Scotland the next day."
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Og jeg fortalte hende, "Jeg skal til Skotland i morgen."
00:38
She sang beautifully,
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Hun sang smukt,
00:40
and she even managed to say a few words in Chinese:
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og hun formåede endda at sige et par ord på kinesisk:
00:44
送你葱
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送你葱
00:47
So it's not like "hello" or "thank you,"
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Det betyder hverken "hej" eller "tak,"
00:49
that ordinary stuff.
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det der normale.
00:51
It means "green onion for free."
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Det betyder "gratis grønne løg."
00:53
Why did she say that?
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Hvorfor sagde hun det?
00:56
Because it was a line
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Fordi det var et vers
00:59
from our Chinese parallel Susan Boyle --
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fra vores kinesiske parallel til Susan Boyle --
01:02
a 50-some year-old woman,
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en nogen og 50 år gammel kvinde,
01:04
a vegetable vendor in Shanghai,
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en grønthandler i Shanghai,
01:06
who loves singing Western opera,
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som elsker at synge vestlig opera,
01:09
but she didn't understand
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men hun forstod ikke
01:11
any English or French or Italian,
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engelsk eller fransk eller italiensk,
01:13
so she managed to fill in the lyrics
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så hun fyldte i stedet sangteksterne
01:15
with vegetable names in Chinese.
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med grøntsagers navne på kinesisk.
01:17
(Laughter)
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(Latter)
01:19
And the last sentence of Nessun Dorma
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Og den sidste sætning i Nessun Dorma,
01:22
that she was singing in the stadium
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som hun sang i stadionet,
01:24
was "green onion for free."
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var "gratis grønne løg."
01:27
So [as] Susan Boyle was saying that,
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Så [imens] Susan Boyle sagde det,
01:30
80,000 live audience sang together.
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sang 80.000 tilskuere sammen.
01:33
That was hilarious.
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Det var vanvittigt sjovt.
01:36
So I guess both Susan Boyle
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Jeg vil gætte på, at Susan Boyle
01:39
and this vegetable vendor in Shanghai
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og denne grønthandler i Shanghai
01:42
belonged to otherness.
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tilhørte anderledesheden.
01:44
They were the least expected to be successful
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De var dem, man mindst forventede, skulle få succes
01:46
in the business called entertainment,
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inden for underholdningsbranchen,
01:49
yet their courage and talent brought them through.
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og alligevel fik deres mod og talent dem igennem.
01:52
And a show and a platform
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Og et show og en platform
01:55
gave them the stage
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gav dem scenen
01:57
to realize their dreams.
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til at realisere deres drømme.
02:00
Well, being different is not that difficult.
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Tja, at være anderledes er ikke så svært.
02:04
We are all different
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Vi er alle forskellige
02:06
from different perspectives.
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fra forskellige perspektiver.
02:08
But I think being different is good,
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Men jeg synes, det at være anderledes er godt,
02:10
because you present a different point of view.
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fordi du præsenterer en anderledes synsvinkel.
02:13
You may have the chance to make a difference.
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Du har chancen for at gøre en forskel.
02:16
My generation has been very fortunate
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Min generation har været meget heldig
02:18
to witness and participate
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at bevidne og deltage
02:20
in the historic transformation of China
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i Kinas historiske forvandling,
02:23
that has made so many changes
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der har lavet så mange forandringer
02:25
in the past 20, 30 years.
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i de sidste 20, 30 år.
02:28
I remember that in the year of 1990,
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Jeg mindes, at i året 1990,
02:31
when I was graduating from college,
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da jeg graduerede fra universitetet,
02:33
I was applying for a job in the sales department
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søgte jeg et job i salgsafdelingen
02:36
of the first five-star hotel in Beijing,
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på det første fem-stjernede hotel i Beijing,
02:38
Great Wall Sheraton -- it's still there.
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Great Wall Sheraton -- det er der stadig.
02:42
So after being interrogated
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Så efter at være blevet forhørt
02:44
by this Japanese manager for a half an hour,
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af den her japanske bestyrer i en halv time
02:46
he finally said,
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sagde han endelig,
02:48
"So, Miss Yang,
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"Nå, Frøken Yang,
02:50
do you have any questions to ask me?"
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har De nogen spørgsmål at stille mig?"
02:53
I summoned my courage and poise and said,
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Jeg fremmanede mit mod og selvsikkerhed og sagde,
02:56
"Yes, but could you let me know,
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"Ja, men kunne De fortælle mig,
02:58
what actually do you sell?"
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hvad I egentlig sælger?"
03:01
I didn't have a clue what a sales department was about
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Jeg havde ingen anelse om, hvad en salgsafdeling lavede
03:03
in a five-star hotel.
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på et fem-stjernet hotel.
03:05
That was the first day I set my foot
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Det var den første dag, jeg satte min fod
03:07
in a five-star hotel.
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på et fem-stjernet hotel.
03:09
Around the same time,
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På omkring samme tid
03:11
I was going through an audition --
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stillede jeg op til en audition --
03:14
the first ever open audition
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den første åbne audition nogensinde
03:16
by national television in China --
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til landsdækkende fjernsyn i Kina --
03:19
with another thousand college girls.
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med tusind andre universitetspiger.
03:22
The producer told us
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Produceren fortalte os,
03:24
they were looking for some sweet, innocent
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at de ledte efter et sødt, uskyldigt
03:26
and beautiful fresh face.
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og smukt frisk ansigt.
03:29
So when it was my turn, I stood up and said,
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Så da det var min tur, stillede jeg mig op og sagde,
03:32
"Why [do] women's personalities on television
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"Hvorfor er kvinders personligheder i fjernsynet
03:35
always have to be beautiful, sweet, innocent
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nødt til at være smukke, søde, uskyldige
03:38
and, you know, supportive?
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og, I ved, opbakkende?
03:41
Why can't they have their own ideas
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Hvorfor kan de ikke have deres egne idéer
03:43
and their own voice?"
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og deres egen stemme?"
03:45
I thought I kind of offended them.
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Jeg troede egentligt, jeg fornærmede dem.
03:49
But actually, they were impressed by my words.
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Men i virkeligheden blev de imponerede over mine ord.
03:53
And so I was in the second round of competition,
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Og så var jeg i konkurrencens anden runde,
03:55
and then the third and the fourth.
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og så den tredje og den fjerde.
03:57
After seven rounds of competition,
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Efter syv runder i konkurrence
03:59
I was the last one to survive it.
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var jeg den sidste tilbage.
04:02
So I was on a national television prime-time show.
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Så var jeg med i et landsdækkende tv-show i bedste sendetid.
04:05
And believe it or not,
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Og tro det eller ej,
04:07
that was the first show on Chinese television
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det var det første show på kinesisk tv,
04:09
that allowed its hosts
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der tillod sin vært
04:11
to speak out of their own minds
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at tale frisindigt
04:13
without reading an approved script.
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uden at læse op fra et godkendt manuskript.
04:16
(Applause)
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(Bifald)
04:20
And my weekly audience at that time
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Og mit ugentlige publikum på det tidspunkt
04:22
was between 200 to 300 million people.
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var mellem 200 og 300 millioner seere.
04:26
Well after a few years,
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Nå, men efter nogle få år
04:28
I decided to go to the U.S. and Columbia University
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besluttede jeg mig for at tage til U.S.A. og Columbia University
04:31
to pursue my postgraduate studies,
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for at forfølge min kandidatuddannelse,
04:33
and then started my own media company,
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og så startede jeg min egen medievirksomhed,
04:35
which was unthought of
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hvilket var utænkeligt
04:38
during the years that I started my career.
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i årene, da jeg startede min karriere.
04:40
So we do a lot of things.
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Så vi gør en masse ting.
04:42
I've interviewed more than a thousand people in the past.
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Jeg har interviewet over tusind personer igennem tiden.
04:45
And sometimes I have young people approaching me
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Og nogle gange har jeg unge, der kommer til mig
04:48
say, "Lan, you changed my life,"
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og siger, "Lan, du forandrede mit liv,"
04:50
and I feel proud of that.
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og det er jeg stolt af.
04:52
But then we are also so fortunate
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Men så er vi også så heldige
04:54
to witness the transformation of the whole country.
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at bevidne hele landets forvandling.
04:57
I was in Beijing's bidding for the Olympic Games.
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Jeg deltog i Beijings anmodning om de Olympiske Lege.
05:01
I was representing the Shanghai Expo.
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Jeg repræsenterede Shanghai Expo.
05:03
I saw China embracing the world
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Jeg så Kina omfavne verden
05:05
and vice versa.
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og vice versa.
05:07
But then sometimes I'm thinking,
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Men nogle gange tænker jeg,
05:10
what are today's young generation up to?
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hvad har dagens generation af unge gang i?
05:14
How are they different,
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Hvordan er de anderledes,
05:16
and what are the differences they are going to make
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og hvilke forskelle vil de gøre
05:18
to shape the future of China,
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for at forme Kinas fremtid
05:20
or at large, the world?
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eller verden generelt?
05:23
So today I want to talk about young people
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Så i dag vil jeg gerne tale om unge
05:25
through the platform of social media.
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gennem de sociale mediers platform.
05:28
First of all, who are they? [What] do they look like?
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For det første, hvem er de? [Hvordan] ser de ud?
05:31
Well this is a girl called Guo Meimei --
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Tja, det her er en pige ved navn Guo Meimei --
05:33
20 years old, beautiful.
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20 år gammel, smuk.
05:35
She showed off her expensive bags,
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Hun viste sine dyre tasker,
05:38
clothes and car
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tøj og bil
05:40
on her microblog,
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på sin mikroblog,
05:42
which is the Chinese version of Twitter.
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der er den kinesiske version af Twitter.
05:44
And she claimed to be the general manager of Red Cross
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Og hun påstod, at hun var Røde Kors' administrerende direktør
05:48
at the Chamber of Commerce.
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i Handelskammeret.
05:51
She didn't realize
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Hun indså ikke,
05:53
that she stepped on a sensitive nerve
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at hun trådte på en følsom nerve
05:55
and aroused national questioning,
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og udløste landsdækkende udspørgen,
05:57
almost a turmoil,
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næsten et oprør,
05:59
against the credibility of Red Cross.
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om Røde Kors' troværdighed.
06:02
The controversy was so heated
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Striden var så ophedet,
06:05
that the Red Cross had to open a press conference
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at Røde Kors var nødt til at afholde en pressekonference
06:07
to clarify it,
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for at klargøre det,
06:09
and the investigation is going on.
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og efterforskningen er i gang.
06:11
So far, as of today,
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Så vidt, i dag,
06:14
we know that she herself made up that title --
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ved vi, at hun selv opfandt den titel --
06:17
probably because she feels proud to be associated with charity.
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sandsynligvis fordi hun føler sig stolt over at være involveret i velgørenhed.
06:20
All those expensive items
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Alle de dyre ting
06:22
were given to her as gifts
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blev givet til hende som gaver
06:24
by her boyfriend,
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af hendes kæreste,
06:26
who used to be a board member
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der plejede at være bestyrelsesmedlem
06:28
in a subdivision of Red Cross at Chamber of Commerce.
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i en underafdeling af Røde Kors i Handelskammeret.
06:31
It's very complicated to explain.
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Det er meget kompliceret at forklare.
06:34
But anyway, the public still doesn't buy it.
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Men alligevel, offentligheden køber den stadigvæk ikke.
06:37
It is still boiling.
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Den koger stadig.
06:39
It shows us a general mistrust
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Det viser os en generel mistillid
06:42
of government or government-backed institutions,
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til regeringen eller institutioner bakket op af regeringen,
06:45
which lacked transparency in the past.
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der manglede gennemskuelighed i fortiden.
06:48
And also it showed us
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Og det viste os også
06:50
the power and the impact of social media
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de sociale mediers magt og indflydelse
06:53
as microblog.
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som mikroblog.
06:55
Microblog boomed in the year of 2010,
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Mikroblog blomstrede i år 2010,
06:58
with visitors doubled
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med dobbelt så mange besøgende
07:00
and time spent on it tripled.
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og en tredobling af tiden brugt på det.
07:03
Sina.com, a major news portal,
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Sina.com, en stor nyhedsportal,
07:05
alone has more than 140 million microbloggers.
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har alene mere end 140 millioner mikrobloggere.
07:09
On Tencent, 200 million.
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På Tencent, 200 millioner.
07:11
The most popular blogger --
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Den populæreste blogger --
07:13
it's not me --
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det er ikke mig --
07:15
it's a movie star,
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det er en filmstjerne,
07:17
and she has more than 9.5 million followers, or fans.
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og hun har mere end 9,5 millioner tilhængere eller fans.
07:21
About 80 percent of those microbloggers are young people,
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Omkring 80 procent af disse mikrobloggere er unge
07:24
under 30 years old.
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under 30 år gamle.
07:27
And because, as you know,
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Og fordi, som I ved,
07:29
the traditional media is still heavily controlled by the government,
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de traditionelle medier stadig er stærkt kontrollerede af regeringen,
07:32
social media offers an opening
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tilbyder sociale medier en åbning
07:34
to let the steam out a little bit.
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til at lukke lidt af dampen ud.
07:36
But because you don't have many other openings,
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Men fordi man ikke har mange andre åbninger,
07:39
the heat coming out of this opening
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er varmen, der kommer ud af denne åbning,
07:42
is sometimes very strong, active
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nogle gange meget stærk, aktiv
07:45
and even violent.
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og endda voldelig.
07:47
So through microblogging,
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Så igennem mikroblogging
07:49
we are able to understand Chinese youth even better.
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er vi i stand til at forstå kinesisk ungdom endnu bedre.
07:52
So how are they different?
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Så hvordan er de anderledes?
07:54
First of all, most of them were born
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For det første blev mange af dem født
07:56
in the 80s and 90s,
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i 80'erne og 90'erne
07:58
under the one-child policy.
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under etbarnspolitikken.
08:01
And because of selected abortion
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Og på grund af den valgte abort
08:03
by families who favored boys to girls,
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af familier, der favoriserer drenge frem for piger,
08:05
now we have ended up
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er vi nu endt
08:07
with 30 million more young men than women.
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med 30 millioner flere unge mænd end kvinder.
08:10
That could pose
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Det kunne vise sig som
08:12
a potential danger to the society,
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en potentiel fare for samfundet,
08:14
but who knows;
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men hvem ved;
08:16
we're in a globalized world,
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vi lever i en globaliseret verden,
08:18
so they can look for girlfriends from other countries.
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så de kan lede efter kærester fra andre lande.
08:22
Most of them have fairly good education.
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De fleste af dem har en ret god uddannelse.
08:25
The illiteracy rate in China among this generation
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Andelen af analfabeter i Kina i denne generation
08:28
is under one percent.
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er under en procent.
08:31
In cities, 80 percent of kids go to college.
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I byer kommer 80 procent af alle børn på universitetet.
08:34
But they are facing an aging China
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Men de står over for et aldrende Kina
08:38
with a population above 65 years old
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med en befolkning på over 65 år,
08:41
coming up with seven-point-some percent this year,
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der stiger med 7 komma-et-eller-andet procent i år,
08:44
and about to be 15 percent
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og som er ved at være 15 procent
08:46
by the year of 2030.
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i år 2030.
08:48
And you know we have the tradition
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Og I ved, vi har tradition for,
08:50
that younger generations support the elders financially,
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at yngre generationer støtter de ældre finansielt
08:52
and taking care of them when they're sick.
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og tager sig af dem, når de er syge.
08:54
So it means young couples
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Så det betyder, at unge par
08:56
will have to support four parents
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er nødt til at støtte fire forældre,
08:59
who have a life expectancy of 73 years old.
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der har en forventet levetid på 73 år.
09:03
So making a living is not that easy
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Så at tjene til livets ophold er ikke let
09:05
for young people.
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for unge.
09:07
College graduates are not in short supply.
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Akademikere er der ikke mangel på.
09:10
In urban areas,
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I byområder
09:12
college graduates find the starting salary
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kan akademikere få en startløn
09:14
is about 400 U.S. dollars a month,
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på omkring 400 U.S. dollars om måneden,
09:16
while the average rent
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imens den gennemsnitlige leje
09:18
is above $500.
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er over $500.
09:20
So what do they do? They have to share space --
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Så hvad gør de? De er nødt til at dele plads --
09:23
squeezed in very limited space
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mast sammen på meget begrænset plads
09:25
to save money --
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for at spare penge --
09:27
and they call themselves "tribe of ants."
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og de kalder sig selv "Stamme af myrer."
09:30
And for those who are ready to get married
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Og for dem, der er klar til at blive gift
09:32
and buy their apartment,
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og købe egen lejlighed,
09:34
they figured out they have to work
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de har fundet ud af, at de må arbejde
09:36
for 30 to 40 years
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i 30 til 40 år
09:38
to afford their first apartment.
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for at få råd til deres første lejlighed.
09:40
That ratio in America
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Det forhold i Amerika
09:42
would only cost a couple five years to earn,
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ville kun koste et par fem år at tjene,
09:44
but in China it's 30 to 40 years
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men i Kina er det 30 til 40 år
09:47
with the skyrocketing real estate price.
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med de til himmels flyvende priser på fast ejendom.
09:51
Among the 200 million migrant workers,
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Blandt de 200 millioner omvandrende arbejdere
09:54
60 percent of them are young people.
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er 60 procent af dem unge.
09:57
They find themselves sort of sandwiched
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De befinder sig ligesom klemt
09:59
between the urban areas and the rural areas.
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mellem byområderne og landområderne.
10:02
Most of them don't want to go back to the countryside,
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De fleste af dem vil ikke tilbage til landet,
10:05
but they don't have the sense of belonging.
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men de har ikke følelsen af at høre til.
10:07
They work for longer hours
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De arbejder længere
10:09
with less income, less social welfare.
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med mindre indkomst, mindre velfærd.
10:12
And they're more vulnerable
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Og de er mere sårbare
10:14
to job losses,
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over for at miste jobs,
10:16
subject to inflation,
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udsat for inflation,
10:18
tightening loans from banks,
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strammere lån fra banker,
10:20
appreciation of the renminbi,
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stigning i renminbiens kurs,
10:22
or decline of demand
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eller nedgang i efterspørgsel
10:24
from Europe or America
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fra Europa eller Amerika
10:26
for the products they produce.
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af de produkter, de producerer.
10:28
Last year, though,
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Sidste år, dog,
10:30
an appalling incident
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en forfærdende hændelse
10:32
in a southern OEM manufacturing compound in China:
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i et sydligt OEM fabrikskompleks i Kina:
10:35
13 young workers
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13 unge arbejdere
10:37
in their late teens and early 20s
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i deres sene teenageår og tidlige 20'ere
10:39
committed suicide,
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begik selvmord,
10:41
just one by one like causing a contagious disease.
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bare en efter en som forårsagede det en smitsom sygdom.
10:45
But they died because of all different personal reasons.
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Men de døde på grund af meget forskellige årsager.
10:49
But this whole incident
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Men hele denne hændelse
10:51
aroused a huge outcry from society
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vakte stor opstand fra samfundet
10:53
about the isolation,
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over isolationen,
10:55
both physical and mental,
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både fysisk og mentalt,
10:57
of these migrant workers.
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af disse omvandrende arbejdere.
10:59
For those who do return back to the countryside,
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For dem, der vender tilbage til landet,
11:01
they find themselves very welcome locally,
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finder sig meget velkomne lokalt,
11:04
because with the knowledge, skills and networks
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for med den viden, de evner og de netværk,
11:06
they have learned in the cities,
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de har tilegnet sig i byerne
11:08
with the assistance of the Internet,
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med Internettets hjælp,
11:10
they're able to create more jobs,
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er de i stand til at skabe flere jobs,
11:13
upgrade local agriculture and create new business
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forbedre det lokale landbrug og skabe nyt forretningsliv
11:15
in the less developed market.
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i det mindre udviklede marked.
11:17
So for the past few years, the coastal areas,
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Så i de seneste par år har kystområderne
11:20
they found themselves in a shortage of labor.
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været i underskud af arbejdskraft.
11:23
These diagrams show
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Disse diagrammer viser
11:25
a more general social background.
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en mere generel social baggrund.
11:27
The first one is the Engels coefficient,
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Det første er Engels-koefficienten,
11:30
which explains that the cost of daily necessities
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der forklarer, at priserne på dagligvarer
11:33
has dropped its percentage
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er faldet i procent
11:35
all through the past decade,
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hele vejen igennem det seneste årti
11:37
in terms of family income,
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med hensyn til familieindkomst
11:39
to about 37-some percent.
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til omkring nogen og 37 procent.
11:42
But then in the last two years,
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Men så i de seneste to år
11:44
it goes up again to 39 percent,
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går den op igen til 39 procent,
11:46
indicating a rising living cost.
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hvilket indikerer en stigning i leveomkostninger.
11:49
The Gini coefficient
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Gini-koefficienten
11:51
has already passed the dangerous line of 0.4.
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er allerede steget over den farlige 0,4 linje.
11:54
Now it's 0.5 --
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Nu er den 0,5 --
11:56
even worse than that in America --
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endnu værre end i Amerika --
11:59
showing us the income inequality.
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hvilket viser os uligheden i indkomst.
12:02
And so you see this whole society
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Og på den måde ser I hele dette samfund,
12:04
getting frustrated
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der bliver frustreret
12:06
about losing some of its mobility.
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over at tabe noget af sin mobilitet.
12:09
And also, the bitterness and even resentment
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Og også bitterheden og endda vrede
12:12
towards the rich and the powerful
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mod de rige og de magtfulde
12:14
is quite widespread.
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er ret udbredt.
12:16
So any accusations of corruption
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Så enhver beskyldning om korruption
12:18
or backdoor dealings between authorities or business
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eller bagdørshandler mellem myndigheder eller virksomheder
12:22
would arouse a social outcry
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ville fremkalde et ramaskrig i samfundet
12:24
or even unrest.
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eller endda uro.
12:26
So through some of the hottest topics on microblogging,
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Så igennem nogle af de varmeste emner på mikroblogging
12:30
we can see what young people care most about.
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kan vi se, hvad unge bekymrer sig mest om.
12:33
Social justice and government accountability
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Social retfærdighed og regeringsansvar
12:35
runs the first in what they demand.
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indtager førstepladsen af, hvad de kræver.
12:38
For the past decade or so,
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I det forgangne årti eller deromkring
12:40
a massive urbanization and development
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har en massiv urbanisering og udvikling
12:44
have let us witness a lot of reports
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ladet os bevidne en masse beretninger
12:47
on the forced demolition
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om den tvungne nedrivning
12:49
of private property.
300
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af privat ejendom.
12:51
And it has aroused huge anger and frustration
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Og det har vakt stor vrede og frustration
12:54
among our young generation.
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2000
blandt vores unge generation.
12:56
Sometimes people get killed,
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Nogle gange bliver folk dræbt,
12:58
and sometimes people set themselves on fire to protest.
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og andre gange sætter folk ild til sig selv i protest.
13:02
So when these incidents are reported
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Så når disse episoder bliver rapporteret
13:04
more and more frequently on the Internet,
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oftere og oftere på Internettet,
13:06
people cry for the government to take actions to stop this.
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råber folk op for at få regering til at tage affære og stoppe det.
13:09
So the good news is that earlier this year,
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Så de gode nyheder er, at tidligere i år
13:12
the state council passed a new regulation
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3000
vedtog statsrådet en ny bestemmelse
13:15
on house requisition and demolition
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3000
vedrørende husbeslaglæggelse og -nedrivning
13:18
and passed the right
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783000
2000
og flyttede retten
13:20
to order forced demolition from local governments
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2000
til at beordre tvungen nedrivning fra lokale regeringer
13:22
to the court.
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til domstolen.
13:25
Similarly, many other issues concerning public safety
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På samme måde er mange andre spørgsmål omkring offentlig sikkerhed
13:28
is a hot topic on the Internet.
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et varmt emne på Internettet.
13:31
We heard about polluted air,
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2000
Vi hørte om forurenet luft,
13:33
polluted water, poisoned food.
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forurenet vand, forgiftet mad.
13:36
And guess what, we have faked beef.
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Og gæt engang, vi har falsk bøf.
13:39
They have sorts of ingredients
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De har forskellige ingredienser,
13:41
that you brush on a piece of chicken or fish,
320
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3000
som du pensler et stykke kylling eller fisk med,
13:44
and it turns it to look like beef.
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og så kommer det til at ligne bøf.
13:47
And then lately,
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Og så for nylig
13:49
people are very concerned about cooking oil,
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2000
er folk meget optaget af madlavningsolie,
13:51
because thousands of people have been found
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3000
fordi tusindvis af mennesker er blevet taget i
13:54
[refining] cooking oil
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at raffinere madlavningsolie
13:56
from restaurant slop.
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fra madrester fra restauranter.
13:58
So all these things
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Så alle disse ting
14:00
have aroused a huge outcry from the Internet.
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har vakt stor opstandelse fra Internettet.
14:04
And fortunately,
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Og heldigvis
14:06
we have seen the government
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har vi set regeringen
14:08
responding more timely and also more frequently
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svare hurtigere og også oftere
14:11
to the public concerns.
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2000
på de offentlige bekymringer.
14:13
While young people seem to be very sure
333
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Imens unge lader til at være meget sikre
14:15
about their participation
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på deres deltagelse
14:17
in public policy-making,
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i offentlig politik,
14:19
but sometimes they're a little bit lost
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er de nogle gange en smule fortabte,
14:21
in terms of what they want for their personal life.
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3000
hvad angår det, de vil have i deres personlige liv.
14:24
China is soon to pass the U.S.
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2000
Kina overgår snart U.S.A.
14:26
as the number one market
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som det største marked
14:28
for luxury brands --
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2000
for luksusmærker --
14:30
that's not including the Chinese expenditures
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2000
det er ikke inkluderet det kinesiske forbrug
14:32
in Europe and elsewhere.
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i Europa og andre steder.
14:34
But you know what, half of those consumers
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3000
Men ved I hvad, halvdelen af disse forbrugere
14:37
are earning a salary below 2,000 U.S. dollars.
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3000
tjener en løn på under 2000 U.S. dollars.
14:40
They're not rich at all.
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De er overhovedet ikke rige.
14:42
They're taking those bags and clothes
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3000
De opfatter de tasker og det tøj
14:45
as a sense of identity and social status.
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som en form for identitet og social status.
14:48
And this is a girl explicitly saying
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2000
Og det her er en pige, der udtrykkeligt siger
14:50
on a TV dating show
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på et datingshow i tv,
14:52
that she would rather cry in a BMW
350
877000
2000
at hun hellere ville græde i en BMW
14:54
than smile on a bicycle.
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3000
end smile på en cykel.
14:57
But of course, we do have young people
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Men selvfølgelig har vi unge,
14:59
who would still prefer to smile,
353
884000
2000
der stadig foretrækker at smile,
15:01
whether in a BMW or [on] a bicycle.
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2000
uanset om det er i en BMW eller på en cykel.
15:03
So in the next picture, you see a very popular phenomenon
355
888000
4000
Så på det næste billede ser I et meget populært fænomen
15:07
called "naked" wedding, or "naked" marriage.
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kaldet "nøgent" bryllup eller "nøgen" vielse.
15:10
It does not mean they will wear nothing in the wedding,
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3000
Det betyder ikke, at de ikke har noget på til brylluppet,
15:13
but it shows that these young couples are ready to get married
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3000
men det viser, at disse unge par er klar til at blive viet
15:16
without a house, without a car, without a diamond ring
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3000
uden et hus, uden en bil, uden en diamantring
15:19
and without a wedding banquet,
360
904000
2000
og uden en brudebuket
15:21
to show their commitment to true love.
361
906000
3000
for at vise deres engagement i ægte kærlighed.
15:24
And also, people are doing good through social media.
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3000
Og folk gør også godt gennem de sociale medier.
15:27
And the first picture showed us
363
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2000
Og det første billede viste os,
15:29
that a truck caging 500 homeless and kidnapped dogs
364
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4000
at en lastbil med 500 hjemløse og kidnappede hunde
15:33
for food processing
365
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2000
til fødevarefremstilling
15:35
was spotted and stopped on the highway
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3000
blev set og stoppet på motorvejen,
15:38
with the whole country watching
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2000
mens hele landet så med
15:40
through microblogging.
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2000
via mikroblogging.
15:42
People were donating money, dog food
369
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2000
Folk donerede penge, hundemad
15:44
and offering volunteer work to stop that truck.
370
929000
3000
og tilbød frivilligt arbejde for at stoppe den lastbil.
15:47
And after hours of negotiation,
371
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2000
Og efter timevis af forhandling
15:49
500 dogs were rescued.
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3000
blev 500 hunde befriet.
15:52
And here also people are helping to find missing children.
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4000
Og her hjælper folk også med at finde forsvundne børn.
15:56
A father posted his son's picture onto the Internet.
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3000
En far opslog sin søns billede på Internettet.
15:59
After thousands of resends in relay,
375
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3000
Efter tusindvis af [uklart]
16:02
the child was found,
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2000
blev barnet fundet,
16:04
and we witnessed the reunion of the family
377
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3000
og vi bevidnede familiens genforening
16:07
through microblogging.
378
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via mikroblogging.
16:09
So happiness is the most popular word
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3000
Så lykke er det populæreste ord,
16:12
we have heard through the past two years.
380
957000
3000
vi har hørt gennem de sidste to år.
16:15
Happiness is not only related
381
960000
3000
Lykke er ikke kun forbundet
16:18
to personal experiences and personal values,
382
963000
2000
med personlige erfaringer og personlige værdier,
16:20
but also, it's about the environment.
383
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2000
men det handler også om miljøet.
16:22
People are thinking about the following questions:
384
967000
3000
Folk tænker over de følgende spørgsmål:
16:25
Are we going to sacrifice our environment further
385
970000
3000
Vil vi ofre vores miljø yderligere
16:28
to produce higher GDP?
386
973000
3000
for at producere højere BNP?
16:31
How are we going to perform our social and political reform
387
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3000
Hvordan skal vi udføre vores sociale og politiske reform
16:34
to keep pace with economic growth,
388
979000
3000
for at kunne følge med den økonomiske vækst
16:37
to keep sustainability and stability?
389
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3000
for at opretholde bæredygtighed og stabilitet?
16:40
And also, how capable is the system
390
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3000
Og også, hvor kompetent er systemet
16:43
of self-correctness
391
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2000
til selvkorregering
16:45
to keep more people content
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3000
for at holde flere mennesker tilfredse,
16:48
with all sorts of friction going on at the same time?
393
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når der er alle mulige former for gnidninger på samme tid?
16:51
I guess these are the questions people are going to answer.
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Jeg gætter på, at disse er spørgsmål, folk vil besvare.
16:54
And our younger generation
395
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2000
Og vores yngre generation
16:56
are going to transform this country
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2000
vil forandre dette land
16:58
while at the same time being transformed themselves.
397
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4000
mens de på samme tid selv forandres.
17:02
Thank you very much.
398
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Mange tak.
17:04
(Applause)
399
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3000
(Bifald)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Yang Lan - Media mogul, TV hostYang Lan is often called “the Oprah of China.” The chair of a multiplatform business empire, Yang is pioneering more-open means of communication in the communist nation.
Why you should listen
Yang Lan’s rise to stardom in China has drawn comparisons to Oprah Winfrey’s success in the US. It’s easy to see why: Yang is a self-made entrepreneur and the most powerful woman in the Chinese media. As chair of Sun Media Investment Holdings, a business empire she built with her husband, Yang is a pioneer of open communication.
Yang started her journalism career by establishing the first current-events TV program in China. She created and hosted many other groundbreaking shows, starting with the chatfest Yang Lan One on One. The popular Her Village, which now includes an online magazine and website, brings together China’s largest community of professional women (more than 200 million people a month).
Yang, who served as an ambassador for the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing, wields her influence for philanthropic endeavors, too. She founded the Sun Culture Foundation in 2005 to raise awareness about poverty and to promote cross-cultural communication.
Yang Lan | Speaker | TED.com