TEDGlobal 2011
Yang Lan: The generation that's remaking China
Yang Lan: Generacija koja preoblikuje Kinu
Filmed:
Readability: 4.3
2,042,453 views
Yang Lan, novinarka i poduzetnica koju zovu "Kineskom Oprah", predstavlja iduću generaciju mladih kineskih građana -- urbanih, povezanih (preko mikroblogova) i osjetljivih na nepravdu.
Yang Lan - Media mogul, TV host
Yang Lan is often called “the Oprah of China.” The chair of a multiplatform business empire, Yang is pioneering more-open means of communication in the communist nation. Full bio
Yang Lan is often called “the Oprah of China.” The chair of a multiplatform business empire, Yang is pioneering more-open means of communication in the communist nation. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
The night before I was heading for Scotland,
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Noć prije nego sam krenula u Škotsku,
00:18
I was invited to host the final
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pozvana sam da vodim finale
00:21
of "China's Got Talent" show in Shanghai
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emisije "Kineski talent" u Šangaju
00:24
with the 80,000 live audience in the stadium.
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s 80.000 ljudi u publici na stadionu.
00:28
Guess who was the performing guest?
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Pogodite tko je bio gost izvođač?
00:31
Susan Boyle.
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Susan Boyle.
00:34
And I told her, "I'm going to Scotland the next day."
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Rekla sam joj, "Sutra odlazim u Škotsku".
00:38
She sang beautifully,
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Prekrasno je pjevala
00:40
and she even managed to say a few words in Chinese:
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i čak je uspjela reći nekoliko riječi na kineskom.
00:44
送你葱
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[kineski]
00:47
So it's not like "hello" or "thank you,"
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Dakle, ne "bok" ili "hvala vam",
00:49
that ordinary stuff.
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te obične stvari.
00:51
It means "green onion for free."
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Ovo znači "besplatan zeleni luk".
00:53
Why did she say that?
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Zašto je to rekla?
00:56
Because it was a line
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Zato što je to bila uzreka
00:59
from our Chinese parallel Susan Boyle --
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naše kineske inačice Susan Boyle --
01:02
a 50-some year-old woman,
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žene stare 50 i nešto godina,
01:04
a vegetable vendor in Shanghai,
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prodavačice povrća iz Šangaja,
01:06
who loves singing Western opera,
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koja obožava pjevati zapadnjačku operu,
01:09
but she didn't understand
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ali nije razumijela
01:11
any English or French or Italian,
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ništa od engleskog ili francuskog ili talijanskog,
01:13
so she managed to fill in the lyrics
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već je nadopunjavala tekstove
01:15
with vegetable names in Chinese.
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kineskim nazivima povrća.
01:17
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
01:19
And the last sentence of Nessun Dorma
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I zadnja rečenica arije Nessun Dorma
01:22
that she was singing in the stadium
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koju je pjevala na stadionu
01:24
was "green onion for free."
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bila je "besplatan zeleni luk".
01:27
So [as] Susan Boyle was saying that,
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Dakle, kako je Susan Boyle to izgovarala,
01:30
80,000 live audience sang together.
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80.000 ljudi u publici pjevalo je zajedno s njom.
01:33
That was hilarious.
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Bilo je presmiješno.
01:36
So I guess both Susan Boyle
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Stoga vjerujem kako su i Susan Boyle
01:39
and this vegetable vendor in Shanghai
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i ta prodavačica povrća iz Šangaja
01:42
belonged to otherness.
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pripadale drugosti.
01:44
They were the least expected to be successful
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Od njih se najmanje očekivalo da budu uspješne
01:46
in the business called entertainment,
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u industriji zabave,
01:49
yet their courage and talent brought them through.
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no ipak, pomogli su im njihova hrabrost i talent.
01:52
And a show and a platform
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I emisija i platforma
01:55
gave them the stage
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dale su im pozornicu
01:57
to realize their dreams.
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da ostvare svoje snove.
02:00
Well, being different is not that difficult.
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Dakle, biti drugačiji nije toliko teško.
02:04
We are all different
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Svi smo mi različiti
02:06
from different perspectives.
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iz različitih perspektiva.
02:08
But I think being different is good,
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Ali mislim da je dobro biti drugačiji
02:10
because you present a different point of view.
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jer predstavljate drugačije gledište.
02:13
You may have the chance to make a difference.
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Možete dobiti priliku da učinite nešto značajno.
02:16
My generation has been very fortunate
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Moja generacija imala je mnogo sreće
02:18
to witness and participate
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da svjedoči i sudjeluje
02:20
in the historic transformation of China
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u povijesnoj preobrazbi Kine
02:23
that has made so many changes
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koja je učinila toliko mnogo promjena
02:25
in the past 20, 30 years.
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u posljednjih 20, 30 godina.
02:28
I remember that in the year of 1990,
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Sjećam se 1990. godine,
02:31
when I was graduating from college,
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kad sam diplomirala,
02:33
I was applying for a job in the sales department
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prijavila sam se za posao u odjelu prodaje
02:36
of the first five-star hotel in Beijing,
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prvog hotela s pet zvjezdica u Pekingu,
02:38
Great Wall Sheraton -- it's still there.
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Great Wall Sheraton -- još uvijek postoji.
02:42
So after being interrogated
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Nakon što me neki
02:44
by this Japanese manager for a half an hour,
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japanski menadžer ispitivao pola sata,
02:46
he finally said,
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na kraju je rekao,
02:48
"So, Miss Yang,
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"Dakle, gđice Yang,
02:50
do you have any questions to ask me?"
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imate li vi kakvih pitanja za mene?"
02:53
I summoned my courage and poise and said,
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Skupila sam hrabrost i pribrala se i rekla:
02:56
"Yes, but could you let me know,
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"Da, možete li mi reći
02:58
what actually do you sell?"
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što vi zapravo prodajete?"
03:01
I didn't have a clue what a sales department was about
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Nisam imala pojma što se radi u odjelu prodaje
03:03
in a five-star hotel.
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u hotelu s pet zvjezdica.
03:05
That was the first day I set my foot
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To mi je bio prvi put da sam kročila nogom
03:07
in a five-star hotel.
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u hotel s pet zvjezdica.
03:09
Around the same time,
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Otprilike u to vrijeme
03:11
I was going through an audition --
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sudjelovala sam u audiciji --
03:14
the first ever open audition
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prvoj otvorenoj audiciji
03:16
by national television in China --
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koju je održala kineska nacionalna televizija --
03:19
with another thousand college girls.
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s tisuću drugih studentica.
03:22
The producer told us
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Producent nam je rekao
03:24
they were looking for some sweet, innocent
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kako traže neko slatko, nevino
03:26
and beautiful fresh face.
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i lijepo novo lice.
03:29
So when it was my turn, I stood up and said,
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Stoga, kad sam došla na red, ustala sam i rekla:
03:32
"Why [do] women's personalities on television
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"Zašto ženska lica na televiziji
03:35
always have to be beautiful, sweet, innocent
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uvijek moraju biti lijepa, slatka, nevina
03:38
and, you know, supportive?
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i, znate, puna razumijevanja?
03:41
Why can't they have their own ideas
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Zašto ne mogu imati svoje ideje
03:43
and their own voice?"
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i svoj glas?"
03:45
I thought I kind of offended them.
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Mislila sam da sam ih uvrijedila.
03:49
But actually, they were impressed by my words.
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Ali zapravo, bili su impresionirani mojim riječima.
03:53
And so I was in the second round of competition,
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I tako sam došla u drugi krug natjecanja,
03:55
and then the third and the fourth.
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pa zatim u treći i četvrti.
03:57
After seven rounds of competition,
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Nakon sedam krugova natjecanja,
03:59
I was the last one to survive it.
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samo sam ja ostala.
04:02
So I was on a national television prime-time show.
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Bila sam na nacionalnoj televiziji u emisiji u udarnom terminu.
04:05
And believe it or not,
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I vjerovali ili ne,
04:07
that was the first show on Chinese television
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to je bila prva emisija na kineskoj televiziji
04:09
that allowed its hosts
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koja je dozvolila svojim voditeljima
04:11
to speak out of their own minds
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da iznesu svoja mišljenja
04:13
without reading an approved script.
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bez čitanja odobrenog scenarija.
04:16
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
04:20
And my weekly audience at that time
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A moja tjedna publika u to vrijeme
04:22
was between 200 to 300 million people.
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imala je između 200 i 300 milijuna ljudi.
04:26
Well after a few years,
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Nakon nekoliko godina,
04:28
I decided to go to the U.S. and Columbia University
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odlučila sam otići u SAD na Sveučilište Columbia
04:31
to pursue my postgraduate studies,
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kako bih upisala poslijediplomski studij,
04:33
and then started my own media company,
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a zatim sam pokrenula svoju vlastitu medijsku tvrtku,
04:35
which was unthought of
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što je bilo nezamislivo
04:38
during the years that I started my career.
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u vrijeme kad sam započela svoju karijeru.
04:40
So we do a lot of things.
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Dakle, mi radimo mnogo stvari.
04:42
I've interviewed more than a thousand people in the past.
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Do danas sam intervjuirala više od tisuću ljudi.
04:45
And sometimes I have young people approaching me
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I ponekad mi prilaze mladi ljudi
04:48
say, "Lan, you changed my life,"
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i kažu: "Lan, promijenila si mi život",
04:50
and I feel proud of that.
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i ponosna sam na to.
04:52
But then we are also so fortunate
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Ali opet, mi isto tako imamo i sreću
04:54
to witness the transformation of the whole country.
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što smo svjedoci preobrazbe naše cijele zemlje.
04:57
I was in Beijing's bidding for the Olympic Games.
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Bila sam u Pekingu na nadmetanju za Olimpijske igre.
05:01
I was representing the Shanghai Expo.
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Predstavljala sam Expo u Šangaju.
05:03
I saw China embracing the world
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Vidjela sam kako Kina prihvaća svijet
05:05
and vice versa.
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i obrnuto.
05:07
But then sometimes I'm thinking,
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Ali ponekad razmišljam,
05:10
what are today's young generation up to?
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što današnja mlada generacija radi?
05:14
How are they different,
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Po čemu su oni različiti,
05:16
and what are the differences they are going to make
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i koje će promjene učiniti
05:18
to shape the future of China,
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kako bi oblikovali budućnost Kine,
05:20
or at large, the world?
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ili još više, svijeta?
05:23
So today I want to talk about young people
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Stoga danas želim govoriti o mladim ljudima
05:25
through the platform of social media.
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kroz platformu društvenih medija.
05:28
First of all, who are they? [What] do they look like?
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Kao prvo, tko su oni? Kako izgledaju?
05:31
Well this is a girl called Guo Meimei --
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Ovo je djevojka po imenu Guo Meimei --
05:33
20 years old, beautiful.
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ima 20 godina, prekrasna je.
05:35
She showed off her expensive bags,
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Razmetala se svojim skupim torbicama,
05:38
clothes and car
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odjećom i automobilom
05:40
on her microblog,
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na svom mikroblogu,
05:42
which is the Chinese version of Twitter.
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što je kineska verzija Twittera.
05:44
And she claimed to be the general manager of Red Cross
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Tvrdila je da je generalna direktorica Crvenog križa
05:48
at the Chamber of Commerce.
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u Trgovačkoj komori.
05:51
She didn't realize
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Nije znala
05:53
that she stepped on a sensitive nerve
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da je dirnula u živac
05:55
and aroused national questioning,
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i uzrokovala propitkivanje u cijeloj zemlji,
05:57
almost a turmoil,
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gotovo nemir,
05:59
against the credibility of Red Cross.
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protiv vjerodostojnosti Crvenog križa.
06:02
The controversy was so heated
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Kontroverza se toliko zakuhala
06:05
that the Red Cross had to open a press conference
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da je Crveni križ morao održati konferenciju za novinare
06:07
to clarify it,
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kako bi sve pojasnio,
06:09
and the investigation is going on.
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a istraga još uvijek traje.
06:11
So far, as of today,
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Do sada, do danas,
06:14
we know that she herself made up that title --
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znamo kako je ona sama izmislila tu titulu --
06:17
probably because she feels proud to be associated with charity.
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vjerojatno jer se osjeća ponosnom što je povezana s dobrotvornom udrugom.
06:20
All those expensive items
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Sve te skupe stvari
06:22
were given to her as gifts
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darovao joj je
06:24
by her boyfriend,
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njezin dečko,
06:26
who used to be a board member
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koji je bio član odbora
06:28
in a subdivision of Red Cross at Chamber of Commerce.
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u odjelu Crvenog križa u Trgovačkoj komori.
06:31
It's very complicated to explain.
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Vrlo je komplicirano za objasniti.
06:34
But anyway, the public still doesn't buy it.
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U svakom slučaju, javnost još uvijek ne vjeruje.
06:37
It is still boiling.
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Još uvijek se to kuha.
06:39
It shows us a general mistrust
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To nam pokazuje opće nepovjerenje
06:42
of government or government-backed institutions,
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u vladine ili institucije koje vlada podupire,
06:45
which lacked transparency in the past.
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a koje prije nisu bile transparentne.
06:48
And also it showed us
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To nam je isto tako pokazalo
06:50
the power and the impact of social media
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moć i utjecaj društvenih medija
06:53
as microblog.
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poput mikrobloga.
06:55
Microblog boomed in the year of 2010,
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Mikroblog je naglo postao popularan 2010. godine,
06:58
with visitors doubled
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kada se broj posjetitelja udvostručio,
07:00
and time spent on it tripled.
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a vrijeme provedeno na njemu utrostručilo.
07:03
Sina.com, a major news portal,
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Sina.com, veliki portal za vijesti,
07:05
alone has more than 140 million microbloggers.
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sam ima preko 140 milijuna mikroblogera.
07:09
On Tencent, 200 million.
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Na Tencentu, 200 milijuna.
07:11
The most popular blogger --
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Najpopularnija blogerica --
07:13
it's not me --
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nisam ja --
07:15
it's a movie star,
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filmska je zvijezda,
07:17
and she has more than 9.5 million followers, or fans.
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i ima preko 9,5 milijuna sljedbenika, ili obožavatelja.
07:21
About 80 percent of those microbloggers are young people,
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Oko 80 posto tih mikroblogera mladi su ljudi,
07:24
under 30 years old.
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mlađi od 30 godina.
07:27
And because, as you know,
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Budući da su, kao što znate,
07:29
the traditional media is still heavily controlled by the government,
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tradicionalni mediji još uvijek pod strogom kontrolom vlade,
07:32
social media offers an opening
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društveni mediji pružaju mogućnost
07:34
to let the steam out a little bit.
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da se ljudi malo ispušu.
07:36
But because you don't have many other openings,
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Ali budući da nemate mnogo drugih mogućnosti,
07:39
the heat coming out of this opening
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ponekad je snaga tog ispuhivanja
07:42
is sometimes very strong, active
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vrlo velika, aktivna
07:45
and even violent.
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i čak nasilna.
07:47
So through microblogging,
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Dakle, kroz mikroblogove
07:49
we are able to understand Chinese youth even better.
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možemo još bolje shvatiti kinesku mladež.
07:52
So how are they different?
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Dakle, po čemu su oni drugačiji?
07:54
First of all, most of them were born
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Kao prvo, većina njih rođena je
07:56
in the 80s and 90s,
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u 80-ima i 90-ima,
07:58
under the one-child policy.
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za vrijeme Politike jednog djeteta.
08:01
And because of selected abortion
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A zbog selektivnog pobačaja
08:03
by families who favored boys to girls,
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u obiteljima koje su preferirale dječake, a ne djevojčice,
08:05
now we have ended up
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sad na kraju imamo
08:07
with 30 million more young men than women.
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30 milijuna mladića više nego djevojaka.
08:10
That could pose
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To može predstavljati
08:12
a potential danger to the society,
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potencijalnu opasnost za društvo,
08:14
but who knows;
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ali tko zna;
08:16
we're in a globalized world,
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nalazimo se u globaliziranom svijetu,
08:18
so they can look for girlfriends from other countries.
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stoga mogu tražiti djevojke iz drugih zemalja.
08:22
Most of them have fairly good education.
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Većina njih ima relativno dobro obrazovanje.
08:25
The illiteracy rate in China among this generation
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Nepismenost u Kini u toj generaciji
08:28
is under one percent.
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manja je od jedan posto.
08:31
In cities, 80 percent of kids go to college.
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U gradovima 80 posto djece odlazi na fakultet.
08:34
But they are facing an aging China
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No, oni su suočeni sa starom Kinom
08:38
with a population above 65 years old
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s populacijom starijom od 65 godina
08:41
coming up with seven-point-some percent this year,
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koje ove godine ima nešto iznad sedam posto,
08:44
and about to be 15 percent
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i koje će biti oko 15 posto
08:46
by the year of 2030.
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do 2030. godine.
08:48
And you know we have the tradition
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A znate da imamo tradiciju
08:50
that younger generations support the elders financially,
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da mlađe generacije financijski podupiru starije,
08:52
and taking care of them when they're sick.
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i brinu o njima kad su bolesni.
08:54
So it means young couples
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Dakle, to znači kako će mladi parovi
08:56
will have to support four parents
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morati uzdržavati četiri roditelja
08:59
who have a life expectancy of 73 years old.
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koji imaju očekivanu životnu dob od 73 godine.
09:03
So making a living is not that easy
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Dakle, zarađivanje za život nije tako lako
09:05
for young people.
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mladim ljudima.
09:07
College graduates are not in short supply.
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Fakultetski obrazovanog kadra ne nedostaje.
09:10
In urban areas,
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U urbanim područjima
09:12
college graduates find the starting salary
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visokoobrazovani imaju početnu plaću
09:14
is about 400 U.S. dollars a month,
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od oko 400 američkih dolara mjesečno,
09:16
while the average rent
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dok je prosječna stanarina
09:18
is above $500.
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preko 500 dolara.
09:20
So what do they do? They have to share space --
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I što oni rade? Moraju dijeliti prostor --
09:23
squeezed in very limited space
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stisnuti u vrlo ograničenom prostoru
09:25
to save money --
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kako bi uštedjeli novac --
09:27
and they call themselves "tribe of ants."
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i nazivaju se "plemenom mrava".
09:30
And for those who are ready to get married
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A oni koji su spremni vjenčati se
09:32
and buy their apartment,
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i kupiti svoj stan,
09:34
they figured out they have to work
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shvatili su da moraju raditi
09:36
for 30 to 40 years
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30 do 40 godina
09:38
to afford their first apartment.
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kako bi si mogli priuštiti svoj prvi stan.
09:40
That ratio in America
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Za isto to u Americi
09:42
would only cost a couple five years to earn,
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paru bi trebalo samo pet godina rada,
09:44
but in China it's 30 to 40 years
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ali u Kini je potrebno 30 do 40 godina
09:47
with the skyrocketing real estate price.
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s cijenama nekretnina koje divljaju.
09:51
Among the 200 million migrant workers,
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Među 200 milijuna migracijskih radnika,
09:54
60 percent of them are young people.
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60 posto njih mladi su ljudi.
09:57
They find themselves sort of sandwiched
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Oni su nekako u sendviču
09:59
between the urban areas and the rural areas.
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između urbanih i ruralnih područja.
10:02
Most of them don't want to go back to the countryside,
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Većina njih ne želi se vratiti na selo,
10:05
but they don't have the sense of belonging.
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ali nemaju osjećaj pripadnosti.
10:07
They work for longer hours
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Rade duže
10:09
with less income, less social welfare.
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za manje prihoda, manje socijalnih prava.
10:12
And they're more vulnerable
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I oni imaju veće šanse
10:14
to job losses,
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da izgube posao,
10:16
subject to inflation,
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pogađa ih inflacija,
10:18
tightening loans from banks,
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lihvarski bankovni krediti,
10:20
appreciation of the renminbi,
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aprecijacija kineske valute renminbija,
10:22
or decline of demand
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ili smanjenje potražnje
10:24
from Europe or America
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iz Europe ili Amerike
10:26
for the products they produce.
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za proizvodima koje proizvode.
10:28
Last year, though,
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Prošle godine,
10:30
an appalling incident
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zbila se strašna nesreća
10:32
in a southern OEM manufacturing compound in China:
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u južnom proizvodnom području OEM-a u Kini:
10:35
13 young workers
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13 mladih radnika
10:37
in their late teens and early 20s
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u svojim kasnim tinejdžerskim godinama i ranim 20-ima
10:39
committed suicide,
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počinili su samoubojstvo,
10:41
just one by one like causing a contagious disease.
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jedan po jedan, kao da su dobili zaraznu bolest.
10:45
But they died because of all different personal reasons.
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Ali oni su umrli iz različitih osobnih razloga.
10:49
But this whole incident
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Cijeli taj incident
10:51
aroused a huge outcry from society
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prouzrokovao je negodovanje društva
10:53
about the isolation,
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zbog izolacije,
10:55
both physical and mental,
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kako fizičke tako i mentalne,
10:57
of these migrant workers.
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u kojoj su bili ti migracijski radnici.
10:59
For those who do return back to the countryside,
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One koji se vrate na selo
11:01
they find themselves very welcome locally,
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lokalno dočeka velika dobrodošlica,
11:04
because with the knowledge, skills and networks
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jer pomoću znanja, vještina i mreža
11:06
they have learned in the cities,
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koje su stekli u gradovima,
11:08
with the assistance of the Internet,
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uz pomoć Interneta,
11:10
they're able to create more jobs,
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mogu stvoriti više radnih mjesta,
11:13
upgrade local agriculture and create new business
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unaprijediti lokalnu poljoprivredu i stvoriti nove poslovne prilike
11:15
in the less developed market.
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na manje razvijenom tržištu.
11:17
So for the past few years, the coastal areas,
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Posljednjih nekoliko godina obalna se područja
11:20
they found themselves in a shortage of labor.
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bore s manjkom radne snage.
11:23
These diagrams show
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Ovi dijagrami pokazuju
11:25
a more general social background.
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općenitiju društvenu pozadinu.
11:27
The first one is the Engels coefficient,
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Prvi je Engelsov koeficijent,
11:30
which explains that the cost of daily necessities
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koji objašnjava kako je trošak dnevnih potreba
11:33
has dropped its percentage
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padao u postotku
11:35
all through the past decade,
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u cijelom prošlom desetljeću,
11:37
in terms of family income,
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po pitanju obiteljskog prihoda,
11:39
to about 37-some percent.
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na nekih 37 i nešto posto.
11:42
But then in the last two years,
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No, u posljednje dvije godine
11:44
it goes up again to 39 percent,
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opet dolazi na 39 posto,
11:46
indicating a rising living cost.
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što ukazuje na povećanje troškova života.
11:49
The Gini coefficient
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Gini koeficijent
11:51
has already passed the dangerous line of 0.4.
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već je prešao opasnu granicu od 0,4.
11:54
Now it's 0.5 --
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Sada je 0,5 --
11:56
even worse than that in America --
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čak i gore nego u Americi --
11:59
showing us the income inequality.
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što nam pokazuje dohodovnu nejednakost.
12:02
And so you see this whole society
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I stoga vidite cijelo to društvo
12:04
getting frustrated
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kako je isfrustrirano
12:06
about losing some of its mobility.
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gubitkom dijela svoje mobilnosti.
12:09
And also, the bitterness and even resentment
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Osim toga, ogorčenost i čak ozlojeđenost
12:12
towards the rich and the powerful
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prema bogatima i moćnima
12:14
is quite widespread.
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poprilično su raširene.
12:16
So any accusations of corruption
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Stoga bi bilo kakve optužbe o korupciji
12:18
or backdoor dealings between authorities or business
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ili tajnim podjelama između vlasti i poslovnog sektora
12:22
would arouse a social outcry
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uzrokovale društveno negodovanje
12:24
or even unrest.
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ili čak nemir.
12:26
So through some of the hottest topics on microblogging,
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Dakle, kroz neke od najvrućih tema na mikroblogovima,
12:30
we can see what young people care most about.
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možemo vidjeti do čega je mladim ljudima najviše stalo.
12:33
Social justice and government accountability
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Društvena pravda i odgovornost vlade
12:35
runs the first in what they demand.
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prve su na ljestvici njihovih zahtjeva.
12:38
For the past decade or so,
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Posljednje desetljeće, otprilike,
12:40
a massive urbanization and development
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masnovna urbanizacija i razvoj
12:44
have let us witness a lot of reports
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omogućili su nam da svjedočimo
12:47
on the forced demolition
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prisilnom rušenju
12:49
of private property.
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privatne imovine.
12:51
And it has aroused huge anger and frustration
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To je potaknulo mnogo bijesa i frustracija
12:54
among our young generation.
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u našoj mladoj generaciji.
12:56
Sometimes people get killed,
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Ponekad ljudi budu ubijeni,
12:58
and sometimes people set themselves on fire to protest.
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ponekad se zapale u znak protesta.
13:02
So when these incidents are reported
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Dakle, kad se o tim incidentima
13:04
more and more frequently on the Internet,
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sve učestalije izvještava na Internetu,
13:06
people cry for the government to take actions to stop this.
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ljudi traže da vlada nešto aktivno poduzme kako bi to zaustavila.
13:09
So the good news is that earlier this year,
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Dobra je vijest kako je ranije ove godine
13:12
the state council passed a new regulation
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državno vijeće donijelo novu uredbu
13:15
on house requisition and demolition
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o reakviziciji i rušenju kuća
13:18
and passed the right
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i odobrila je pravo
13:20
to order forced demolition from local governments
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da ovlasti za prisilno rušenje prijeđu s lokalnih vlasti
13:22
to the court.
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na sud.
13:25
Similarly, many other issues concerning public safety
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Na sličan način, mnoga druga pitanja koja se tiču javne sigurnosti
13:28
is a hot topic on the Internet.
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vruća su tema na Internetu.
13:31
We heard about polluted air,
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Čuli smo o zagađenom zraku,
13:33
polluted water, poisoned food.
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zagađenoj vodi, otrovanoj hrani.
13:36
And guess what, we have faked beef.
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I pogodite što, krivotvorili smo govedinu.
13:39
They have sorts of ingredients
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Postoje te neke vrste sastojaka
13:41
that you brush on a piece of chicken or fish,
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kojima premažete komad piletine ili ribe,
13:44
and it turns it to look like beef.
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i koji tada izgleda kao govedina.
13:47
And then lately,
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U zadnje vrijeme,
13:49
people are very concerned about cooking oil,
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ljudi su vrlo zabrinuti zbog ulja za kuhanje,
13:51
because thousands of people have been found
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jer tisuće ljudi otkriveno je kako
13:54
[refining] cooking oil
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rafinira ulje za kuhanje
13:56
from restaurant slop.
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od restoranskih otpadaka.
13:58
So all these things
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Dakle, sve su te stvari
14:00
have aroused a huge outcry from the Internet.
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izazvale golemo negodovanje na internetu.
14:04
And fortunately,
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Na sreću,
14:06
we have seen the government
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vidjeli smo kako vlada
14:08
responding more timely and also more frequently
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na vrijeme i sve češće odgovara
14:11
to the public concerns.
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na brige javnosti.
14:13
While young people seem to be very sure
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Dok se mladi ljudi čine vrlo sigurnima
14:15
about their participation
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u svoje sudjelovanje
14:17
in public policy-making,
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u oblikovanju javne politike,
14:19
but sometimes they're a little bit lost
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ponekad su ipak pomalo izgubljeni
14:21
in terms of what they want for their personal life.
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po pitanju onoga što žele u svojem privatnom životu.
14:24
China is soon to pass the U.S.
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Kina će uskoro prestići SAD
14:26
as the number one market
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kao glavno tržište
14:28
for luxury brands --
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za luksuzne marke --
14:30
that's not including the Chinese expenditures
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to ne uključuje kinesku potrošnju
14:32
in Europe and elsewhere.
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u Europi i drugdje.
14:34
But you know what, half of those consumers
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Ali znate što, polovica tih potrošača
14:37
are earning a salary below 2,000 U.S. dollars.
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zarađuje plaću ispod 2.000 američkih dolara.
14:40
They're not rich at all.
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Oni uopće nisu bogati.
14:42
They're taking those bags and clothes
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Uzimaju te torbice i odjeću
14:45
as a sense of identity and social status.
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kako bi imali osjećaj identiteta i društvenog statusa.
14:48
And this is a girl explicitly saying
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A ova djevojka izravno kaže
14:50
on a TV dating show
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u TV emisiji o izlascima
14:52
that she would rather cry in a BMW
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kako bi radije plakala u BMW-u
14:54
than smile on a bicycle.
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nego se smijala na biciklu.
14:57
But of course, we do have young people
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Ali naravno, još uvijek imamo mlade ljude
14:59
who would still prefer to smile,
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koji će se radije smijati,
15:01
whether in a BMW or [on] a bicycle.
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bilo to u BMW-u ili na biciklu.
15:03
So in the next picture, you see a very popular phenomenon
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Na idućoj slici vidite vrlo popularan fenomen -
15:07
called "naked" wedding, or "naked" marriage.
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"golo" vjenčanje ili "goli" brak.
15:10
It does not mean they will wear nothing in the wedding,
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To ne znači kako na vjenčanje neće ništa odjenuti,
15:13
but it shows that these young couples are ready to get married
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već pokazuje kako su se ti mladi parovi spremni vjenčati
15:16
without a house, without a car, without a diamond ring
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bez kuće, bez automobila, bez dijamantnog prstena
15:19
and without a wedding banquet,
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i bez svadbene svečanosti,
15:21
to show their commitment to true love.
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kako bi pokazali svoju odanost istinskoj ljubavi.
15:24
And also, people are doing good through social media.
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Isto tako, ljudi čine dobra djela kroz društvene medije.
15:27
And the first picture showed us
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Prva nam je slika pokazala
15:29
that a truck caging 500 homeless and kidnapped dogs
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kako je kamion sa zatočenih 500 pasa lutalica i otetih pasa
15:33
for food processing
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za preradu hrane
15:35
was spotted and stopped on the highway
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opažen i zaustavljen na autocesti,
15:38
with the whole country watching
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a cijela je zemlja to pratila
15:40
through microblogging.
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preko mikroblogova.
15:42
People were donating money, dog food
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Ljudi su donirali novac, pseću hranu
15:44
and offering volunteer work to stop that truck.
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i nudili volonterski rad kako bi zaustavili taj kamion.
15:47
And after hours of negotiation,
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Nakon sati pregovora,
15:49
500 dogs were rescued.
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500 pasa bilo je spašeno.
15:52
And here also people are helping to find missing children.
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A ovdje ljudi pomažu i pri traženju nestale djece.
15:56
A father posted his son's picture onto the Internet.
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Otac je stavio sliku svog sina na Internet.
15:59
After thousands of resends in relay,
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Nakon tisuća [nejasno],
16:02
the child was found,
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dijete je pronađeno,
16:04
and we witnessed the reunion of the family
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i svjedočili smo ponovnom okupljanju obitelji
16:07
through microblogging.
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preko mikroblogova.
16:09
So happiness is the most popular word
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Dakle, sreća je najpopularnija riječ
16:12
we have heard through the past two years.
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koju smo čuli u posljednje dvije godine.
16:15
Happiness is not only related
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Sreća nije povezana samo
16:18
to personal experiences and personal values,
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s osobnim iskustvom i osobnim vrijednostima,
16:20
but also, it's about the environment.
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već se radi i o okolini.
16:22
People are thinking about the following questions:
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Ljudi razmišljaju o sljedećim pitanjima:
16:25
Are we going to sacrifice our environment further
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Hoćemo li i dalje žrtvovati svoj okoliš
16:28
to produce higher GDP?
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kako bismo imali viši BDP?
16:31
How are we going to perform our social and political reform
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Kako ćemo provesti svoju društvenu i političku reformu
16:34
to keep pace with economic growth,
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kako bismo zadržali korak s ekonomskim rastom,
16:37
to keep sustainability and stability?
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kako bismo zadržali održivost i stabilnost?
16:40
And also, how capable is the system
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Isto tako, koliko je sustav sposoban
16:43
of self-correctness
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ispravljati sam sebe
16:45
to keep more people content
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kako bi zadovoljio više ljudi
16:48
with all sorts of friction going on at the same time?
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dok u isto vrijeme postoje i razna neslaganja?
16:51
I guess these are the questions people are going to answer.
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Pretpostavljam da su to pitanja na koja će ljudi odgovoriti.
16:54
And our younger generation
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A naša mlađa generacija
16:56
are going to transform this country
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preobrazit će ovu zemlju
16:58
while at the same time being transformed themselves.
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dok se u isto vrijeme i sami preobražavaju.
17:02
Thank you very much.
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Puno vam hvala.
17:04
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Yang Lan - Media mogul, TV hostYang Lan is often called “the Oprah of China.” The chair of a multiplatform business empire, Yang is pioneering more-open means of communication in the communist nation.
Why you should listen
Yang Lan’s rise to stardom in China has drawn comparisons to Oprah Winfrey’s success in the US. It’s easy to see why: Yang is a self-made entrepreneur and the most powerful woman in the Chinese media. As chair of Sun Media Investment Holdings, a business empire she built with her husband, Yang is a pioneer of open communication.
Yang started her journalism career by establishing the first current-events TV program in China. She created and hosted many other groundbreaking shows, starting with the chatfest Yang Lan One on One. The popular Her Village, which now includes an online magazine and website, brings together China’s largest community of professional women (more than 200 million people a month).
Yang, who served as an ambassador for the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing, wields her influence for philanthropic endeavors, too. She founded the Sun Culture Foundation in 2005 to raise awareness about poverty and to promote cross-cultural communication.
Yang Lan | Speaker | TED.com