TEDxBG
Steve Keil: A manifesto for play, for Bulgaria and beyond
Steve Keil: Manifest za igru, za Bugarsku i šire
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Na konferenciji TEDxBG u Sofiji, Steve Keil se bori protiv "ideje ozbiljnosti" koja je zahvatila njegovu rodnu Bugarsku - i poziva na povratak igre u revitalizaciji ekonomije, obrazovanja i društva. Iskričav govor s univerzalnom porukom za sve ljude koji iznova otkrivaju svoj posao, školu, život.
Steve Keil - Entrepreneur
Based in Bulgaria, Steve Keil creates companies around big social and environmental goals. Full bio
Based in Bulgaria, Steve Keil creates companies around big social and environmental goals. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
I'm here today
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Danas sam ovdje
00:18
to start a revolution.
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zato da započnem revoluciju.
00:20
Now before you get up in arms,
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No prije nego što se naoružate
00:22
or you break into song,
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ili počnete pjevati,
00:24
or you pick a favorite color,
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ili odaberete omiljenu boju,
00:26
I want to define what I mean by revolution.
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želim definirati što podrazumijevam pod revolucijom.
00:29
By revolution,
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Pod revolucijom
00:31
I mean a drastic and far-reaching change
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mislim na drastičnu i dalekosežnu promjenu
00:34
in the way we think and behave --
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u načinu na koji razmišljamo i ponašamo se --
00:37
the way we think and the way we behave.
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način na koji razmišljamo i način na koji se ponašamo.
00:40
Now why, Steve, why do we need a revolution?
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No zašto, Steve, zašto trebamo revoluciju?
00:43
We need a revolution
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Trebamo revoluciju
00:45
because things aren't working; they're just not working.
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zato što stvari ne funkcioniraju; jednostavno ne funkcioniraju.
00:48
And that makes me really sad
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I to me stvarno rastužuje
00:50
because I'm sick and tired of things not working.
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zato što mi je muka od stvari koje ne funkcioniraju.
00:53
You know, I'm sick and tired of us not living up to our potential.
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Znate, muka mi je što ne ostvarujemo svoj potencijal.
00:56
I'm sick and tired of us being last.
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Muka mi je od toga da smo posljednji.
00:59
And we are last place in so many things --
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A posljednji smo po mnogo čemu -
01:02
for example, social factors.
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na primjer, društveni faktori.
01:05
We're last place in Europe in innovation.
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Posljednji smo u Europi po inovacijama.
01:08
There we are right at the end, right at the bottom,
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Eto nas na samom kraju, na samom dnu,
01:11
last place as a culture that doesn't value innovation.
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na posljednjem mjestu kao kultura koja ne vrednuje inovacije.
01:14
We're last place in health care,
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Posljednji smo po zdravstvenoj skrbi,
01:16
and that's important for a sense of well-being.
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i to je važno za osjećaj dobrobiti.
01:18
And there we are, not just last in the E.U.,
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Eto nas, nismo samo posljednji u EU,
01:20
we're last in Europe, at the very bottom.
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posljednji smo u Europi, na samom dnu.
01:22
And worst of all,
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I najgore od svega,
01:24
it just came out three weeks ago, many of you have seen it, The Economist.
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objavljeno je u Ekonomistu prije 3 tjedna, mnogi od vas su vidjeli.
01:27
We're the saddest place on Earth,
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Mi smo najtužnije mjesto na svijetu,
01:30
relative to GDP per capita --
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u odnosu na BDP po stanovniku -
01:32
the saddest place on Earth.
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najtužnije mjesto na svijetu.
01:34
That's social. Let's look at education.
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To je društvo, pogledajmo obrazovanje.
01:37
Where do we rank three weeks ago
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Kako smo rangirani prije tri tjedna,
01:39
in another report by the OECD?
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u jednom drugom izvješću OECD-a?
01:41
Last in reading, math and science. Last.
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Posljednji smo u čitanju, matematici i znanosti, posljednji.
01:44
Business:
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Poslovanje:
01:46
The lowest perception in the E.U.
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Najniža percepcija u EU
01:48
that entrepreneurs provide benefits to society.
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o tome da poduzetnici donose korist društvu.
01:51
Why as a result, what happens?
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Što se događa kao rezultat toga?
01:53
The lowest percentage of entrepreneurs starting businesses.
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Najniži postotak poduzetnika koji pokreću tvrtke.
01:56
And this is despite the fact
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I to unatoč činjenici
01:58
that everybody knows that small business
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da svi znaju da su male tvrtke
02:00
is the engine of economies.
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motor gospodarstva.
02:02
We hire the most people; we create the most taxes.
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Zapošljavamo najviše ljudi, imamo najviše poreza.
02:05
So if our engine's broken, guess what?
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Ako nam je pokretač pokvaren, što onda?
02:08
Last in Europe GDP per capita.
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Posljednji smo u Europi po BDP-u po stanovniku.
02:11
Last.
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Posljednji.
02:13
So it's no surprise, guys, that 62 percent of Bulgarians
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Dakle, ne iznenađuje da 62 posto Bugara
02:16
are not optimistic about the future.
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nije optimistično u vezi budućnosti.
02:18
We're unhappy, we have bad education,
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Nesretni smo, imamo loše obrazovanje,
02:20
and we have the worst businesses.
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i imamo najgore tvrtke.
02:23
And these are facts, guys.
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Ljudi, ovo su činjenice.
02:25
This isn't story tale; it's not make-believe.
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Nisu bajke; nisu fikcija.
02:28
It's not.
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Nisu.
02:30
It's not a conspiracy I have got against Bulgaria. These are facts.
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Nije to moja zavjera protiv Bugarske. Ovo su činjenice.
02:33
So I think it should be really, really clear
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Dakle, mislim da bi trebalo biti zaista, zaista jasno
02:35
that our system is broken.
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da je naš sustav slomljen.
02:37
The way we think, the way we behave,
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Način na koji mislimo, način na koji se ponašamo
02:39
our operating system of behaving is broken.
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naš operativni sustav ponašanja je slomljen.
02:41
We need a drastic change in the way we think and behave
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Potrebna nam je drastična promjena u načinu razmišljanja i ponašanja
02:44
to transform Bulgaria for the better,
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da bismo promijenili Bugarsku nabolje,
02:46
for ourselves, for our friends,
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za nas, za naše prijatelje,
02:48
for our family and for our future.
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za naše obitelji i za našu budućnost.
02:50
How did this happen?
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Kako se to dogodilo?
02:52
Let's be positive now. We're going to get positive. How did this happen?
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Budimo pozitivni sada. Postat ćemo pozitivni. Kako se ovo dogodilo?
02:55
I think we're last because --
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Mislim da smo posljednji jer -
02:57
and this is going to be drastic to some of you --
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ovo će nekima od vas biti drastično -
02:59
because we are handicapping ourselves.
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jer onesposobljujemo sami sebe.
03:01
We're holding ourselves back
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Zaostajemo jer
03:03
because we don't value play.
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ne vrednujemo igru.
03:05
I said "play," all right.
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Rekao samo igru, tako je.
03:07
In case some of you forgot what play is, this is what play looks like.
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Ako je netko od vas slučajno zaboravio što je to igra, igra izgleda ovako.
03:10
Babies play, kids play,
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Bebe se igraju, djeca se igraju,
03:12
adults play.
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odrasli se igraju.
03:14
We don't value play.
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Ne vrednujemo igru.
03:16
In fact, we devalue play.
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Zapravo umanjujemo njen značaj.
03:18
And we devalue it in three areas.
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Umanjujemo njen značaj u tri područja.
03:20
Let's go back to the same three areas.
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Vratimo se na ista tri područja:
03:22
Social: 45 years of what?
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Društvo: 45 godina čega?
03:24
Of communism --
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Komunizma --
03:26
of valuing the society and the state over the individual
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vrednovanja društva i države više od pojedinca
03:29
and squashing, inadvertently,
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i potiskivanja, nehotice,
03:31
creativity, individual self-expression and innovation.
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kreativnosti, individualnog samoizražavanja i inovacije.
03:35
And instead, what do we value?
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I umjesto toga, što vrednujemo?
03:37
Because it's shown
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Budući da je pokazano
03:39
the way we apply, generate and use knowledge
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da na način na koji primjenjujemo, stvaramo i koristimo znanje
03:43
is affected by our social and institutional context,
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utječe naš društveni i institucionalni kontekst,
03:45
which told us what in communism?
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koji nas je u komunizmu naučio čemu?
03:47
To be serious.
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Da budemo ozbiljni.
03:49
To be really, really serious.
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Da budemo strašno, strašno ozbiljni.
03:51
It did.
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Jest.
03:53
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
03:57
Be serious.
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Budite ozbiljni.
03:59
I can't tell you how many times I've been scolded in the park
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Ne mogu vam reći koliko puta sam bio kritiziran u parku
04:02
for letting my kids play on the ground.
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jer sam dozvolio djeci da se igraju na zemlji.
04:06
Heaven forbid they play in the dirt, the kal,
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Ne daj bože da se igraju u blatu,
04:09
or even worse, lokvi, water -- that will kill them.
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ili još gore u lokvama, u vodi, to će ih ubiti.
04:12
I have been told by babas and dyados
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Govorili su mi, bake i djedovi,
04:14
that we shouldn't let our kids play so much
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da ne bismo trebali puštati djecu da se toliko igraju
04:17
because life is serious
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jer je život ozbiljan
04:19
and we need to train them for the seriousness of life.
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a mi ih moramo pripremiti za tu ozbiljnost.
04:21
We have a serious meme running through.
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Ovdje se probija ideja ozbiljnosti.
04:24
It's a social gene running through us.
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To je društveni gen koji svi imamo.
04:26
It's a serious gene.
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Gen ozbiljnosti.
04:28
It's 45 years of it
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Četrdeset pet godina toga
04:30
that's created what I call the "baba factor."
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stvorilo je ono što nazivam "faktorom baba".
04:32
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
04:34
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
04:36
And here's how it works.
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Evo kako to funkcionira.
04:38
Step one: woman says, "I want to have a baby. Iskam baby."
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Prvi korak: žena kaže - Želim da imamo bebu.
04:41
Step two: we get the baby. Woohoo!
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Drugi korak: dobijemo bebu. Jupi!
04:43
But then what happens in step three?
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Ali što se događa u trećem koraku?
04:45
I want to go back to work
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Želim se vratiti na posao
04:47
because I need to further my career or I just want to go have coffees.
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jer želim napredovati u karijeri ili samo zato što želim ići na kave.
04:50
I'm going to give bebko to baba.
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Ostavit ću dijete kod "babe".
04:53
But we need to remember
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Ali moramo zapamtiti
04:55
that baba's been infected by the serious meme for 45 years.
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da je "baba" 45 godina zaražena virusom ozbiljnosti.
04:58
So what happens?
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I što se događa?
05:00
She passes that virus on to baby,
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Ona prenosi taj virus na bebu,
05:03
and it takes a really, really, really long time -- as the redwood trees --
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i potrebno je zaista, zaista mnogo vremena -- kao drvetu sekvoje --
05:07
for that serious meme
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da ta ideja ozbiljnosti
05:09
to get out of our operating system.
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izađe iz našeg operativnog sustava.
05:12
What happens then?
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Što se potom događa?
05:14
It goes into education where we have an antiquated education system
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Ulazi u obrazovni sustav koji je zastario
05:17
that has little changed for 100 years,
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i nije se mijenjao u proteklih 100 godina,
05:19
that values rote learning,
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koji vrednuje papagajsko učenje,
05:21
memorization and standardization,
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bubanje i standardizaciju
05:23
and devalues self-expression, self-exploration,
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a obezvređuje samostalno izražavanje, istraživanje,
05:26
questioning, creativity and play.
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propitivanje, kreativnost i igru.
05:28
It's a crap system.
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To je loš sustav.
05:30
True story: I went looking for a school for my kid.
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Istinita priča: Tražio sam školu za svoje dijete.
05:34
We went to this prestigious little school
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Otišli smo do jedne prestižne male škole
05:36
and they say they're going to study math 10 times a week
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i rekli su nam da će učiti matematiku 10 puta tjedno
05:38
and science eight times a week
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a znanost osam puta tjedno
05:40
and reading five times a day and all this stuff.
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i čitanje pet puta dnevno i još mnogo toga.
05:42
And we said, "Well what about play and recess?"
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A mi smo pitali: " A što je s igrom i odmorom?"
05:45
And they said, "Ha. There won't be a single moment in the schedule."
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rekli su: " Ha. Toga neće biti u rasporedu."
05:48
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
05:50
And we said, "He's five."
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Rekli smo: "On ima pet godina."
05:52
What a crime. What a crime.
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Kakav zločin. Kakav zločin.
05:54
And it's a crime
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I zločin je što je naš
05:56
that our education system is so serious because education is serious
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obrazovni sustav tako ozbiljan jer je obrazovanje ozbiljno,
05:59
that we're creating mindless, robotic workers
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pa stvaramo radnike-robote koji ne razmišljaju,
06:01
to put bolts in pre-drilled holes.
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koji stavljaju vijke u prethodno izbušene rupe.
06:03
But I'm sorry, the problems of today
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Žao mi je, ali današnji problemi
06:05
are not the problems of the Industrial Revolution.
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nisu problemi Industrijske revolucije.
06:07
We need adaptability,
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Potrebna nam je prilagodljivost,
06:09
the ability to learn how to be creative and innovative.
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sposobnost da učimo kako da budemo kreativni i inovativni.
06:12
We don't need mechanized workers.
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Nisu nam potrebni mehanički radnici.
06:14
But no, now our meme goes into work where we don't value play.
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Ali ne, sada ta ideja ulazi u posao gdje ne vrednujemo igru.
06:17
We create robotic workers that we treat like assets,
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Stvaramo robote koje tretiramo kao imovinu,
06:20
to lever and just throw away.
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koje iskoristimo i bacimo.
06:22
What are qualities of a Bulgarian work?
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Koje su osobine bugarskog rada?
06:25
Autocratic --
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Autokracija -
06:27
do what I say because I'm the chef.
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radi kako ja kažem jer sam ja šef.
06:29
I'm the boss and I know better than you.
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Ja sam gazda i znam bolje od tebe.
06:31
Untrusting -- you're obviously a criminal, so I'm going to install cameras.
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Nepovjerenje - očigledno si kriminalac pa ću ugraditi kamere.
06:34
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
06:36
Controlling --
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Kontrola -
06:38
you're obviously an idiot, so I'm going to make
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očigledno je da si idiot pa ću napraviti
06:40
a zillion little processes for you to follow so you don't step out of the box.
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bezbroj sitnih procesa koje moraš pratiti da ne bi izašao iz okvira.
06:43
So they're restrictive -- don't use your mobile phone,
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Dakle restriktivni su - ne koristi mobilni telefon,
06:45
don't use your laptop, don't search the Internet,
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ne koristi laptop, ne pretražuj internet,
06:47
don't be on I.M.
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ne dopisuj se preko instant poruka.
06:49
That's somehow unprofessional and bad.
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To je nekako neprofesionalno i loše.
06:51
And at the end of the day, it's unfulfilling
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Na kraju dana, to vas ne ispunjava,
06:53
because you're controlled, you're restricted, you're not valued
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jer ste pod kontrolom, ograničeni ste i ne cijene vas.
06:56
and you're not having any fun.
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i ne zabavljate se.
06:58
In social, in education and in our business,
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U društvu, u obrazovanju i u našem poslovanju
07:00
don't value play.
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mi ne vrednujemo igru.
07:02
And that's why we're last,
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I zbog toga smo posljednji,
07:04
because we don't value play.
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jer ne vrednujemo igru.
07:06
And you can say, "That's ridiculous, Steve. What a dumb idea.
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Možete reći: "To je smiješno, Steve. Koja glupa ideja.
07:09
It can't be because of play.
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Ne može to biti zbog igre.
07:11
Just play, that's a stupid thing."
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Samo igra, to je glupost. "
07:13
We have the serious meme in us.
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Imamo tu ideju ozbiljnosti u sebi.
07:15
Well I'm going to say no.
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Pa ja ću reći ne na to.
07:17
And I will prove it to you in the next part of the speech --
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I dokazat ću vam u sljedećem dijelu govora --
07:20
that play is the catalyst, it is the revolution,
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da je igra katalizator, ona je revolucija,
07:23
that we can use to transform Bulgaria for the better.
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koja nam može poslužiti da promijenimo Bugarsku nabolje.
07:26
Play:
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Igra:
07:28
our brains
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naš mozak
07:30
are hardwired for play.
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je stvoren za igru.
07:32
Evolution has selected,
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Evolucija je izabrala,
07:34
over millions and billions of years,
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milijunima i milijardama godina
07:37
for play in animals and in humans.
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igru za životinje i ljude.
07:40
And you know what?
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I znate li što?
07:42
Evolution does a really, really good job
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Evolucija na jako dobar način
07:44
of deselecting traits that aren't advantageous to us
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odbacuje osobine koje nam nisu od koristi
07:47
and selecting traits for competitive advantage.
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i bira one koje su potrebne.
07:50
Nature isn't stupid, and it selected for play.
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Priroda nije glupa a ona je odabrala igru.
07:53
Throughout the animal kingdom, for example:
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U životinjskom carstvu, na primjer,
07:55
ants. Ants play.
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mravi se igraju.
07:57
Maybe you didn't know that.
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Možda to niste znali.
07:59
But when they're playing,
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Ali kad se igraju,
08:01
they're learning the social order and dynamics of things.
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oni uče društveni poredak i dinamiku stvari.
08:03
Rats play, but what you might not have known
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Štakori se igraju, ali možda niste znali
08:05
is that rats that play more
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da štakori koji se igraju više
08:07
have bigger brains
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imaju veći mozak
08:09
and they learn tasks better,
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i bolje uče zadatke,
08:11
skills.
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i vještine.
08:13
Kittens play. We all know kittens play.
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Mačići se igraju. Svi znamo da se mačići igraju.
08:15
But what you may not know
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Ali možda ne znate
08:17
is that kittens deprived of play
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da su mačići kojima je uskraćena igra
08:20
are unable to interact socially.
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nesposobni za društvene interakcije.
08:22
They can still hunt, but they can't be social.
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Oni i dalje mogu loviti, ali nisu društveni.
08:25
Bears play.
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Medvjedi se igraju.
08:27
But what you may not know
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Ali možda ne znate
08:29
is that bears that play more survive longer.
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da medvjedi koji se više igraju, duže prežive.
08:32
It's not the bears that learn how to fish better.
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Ne oni koji bolje love ribu.
08:34
It's the ones that play more.
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Nego oni koji se više igraju.
08:37
And a final really interesting study --
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I posljednja zanimljiva studija,
08:39
it's been shown, a correlation
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pokazuje korelaciju
08:41
between play and brain size.
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između igre i veličine mozga.
08:43
The more you play, the bigger the brains there are.
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Što se više igrate, mozak postaje veći.
08:46
Dolphins, pretty big brains, play a lot.
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Delfini imaju veliki mozak, mnogo se igraju.
08:49
But who do you think
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No, što mislite
08:51
with the biggest brains are the biggest players?
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tko ima najveći mozak i najviše se igra?
08:54
Yours truly: humans.
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Iskreno vaši, ljudi.
08:56
Kids play, we play --
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Djeca se igraju, mi se igramo --
08:58
of every nationality, of every race,
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svake nacionalnosti, svake rase,
09:00
of every color, of every religion.
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svake boje, svake religije,
09:02
It's a universal thing -- we play.
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to je univerzalno -- igramo se.
09:04
And it's not just kids, it's adults too.
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I to ne samo djeca nego i odrasli.
09:07
Really cool term: neoteny --
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Stvarno cool izraz - "neoteny" -
09:09
the retention of play and juvenile traits in adults.
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zadržavanje igre i djetinjastih osobina kod odraslih.
09:12
And who are the biggest neotenists?
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A kod koga je to najizražajnije?
09:14
Humans. We play sports.
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Kod ljudi. Imamo sportove.
09:16
We do it for fun, or as Olympians, or as professionals.
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Radi zabave, radi natjecanja ili radi profesije.
09:18
We play musical instruments.
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Sviramo glazbene instrumente.
09:20
We dance, we kiss, we sing,
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Plešemo, ljubimo se, pjevamo,
09:22
we just goof around.
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glupiramo se.
09:24
We're designed by nature to play
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Priroda nas je dizajnirala za igru,
09:27
from birth to old age.
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od rođenja do starosti.
09:30
We're designed to do that continuously --
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Dizajnirani smo da se stalno igramo --
09:33
to play and play a lot
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da se mnogo igramo
09:35
and not stop playing.
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i da ne prestajemo.
09:37
It is a huge benefit.
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To ima ogromne koristi.
09:40
Just like there's benefits to animals,
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Kao što i životinje imaju koristi,
09:42
there's benefits to humans.
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imaju je i ljudi.
09:44
For example, it's been shown
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Na primjer, dokazano je da igra
09:46
to stimulate neural growth in the amygdala,
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stimulira rast neurona u amigdali,
09:48
in the area where it controls emotions.
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u dijelu koji kontrolira emocije.
09:50
It's been shown to promote pre-frontal cortex development
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Dokazano je da stimulira razvoj čeonog režnja
09:53
where a lot of cognition is happening.
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gdje se odvijaju mnoge kognitivne funkcije.
09:55
As a result, what happens?
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Što se događa kao rezultat toga?
09:57
We develop more emotional maturity if we play more.
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Ako se više igramo, emotivno smo zreliji.
10:00
We develop better decision-making ability
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Razvijamo bolju sposobnost donošenja odluka.
10:02
if we play more.
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ako se više igramo.
10:04
These guys are facts.
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Ovo su činjenice.
10:06
It's not fiction, it's not story tales, it's not make-believe;
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Nije fikcija, nisu priče, nisu bajke.
10:08
it's cold, hard science.
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to je čista, tvrda znanost.
10:10
These are the benefits to play.
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Ovo su koristi igre.
10:13
It is a genetic birthright that we have,
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To je genetičko pravo koje imamo rođenjem.
10:16
like walking or speaking or seeing.
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kao hodanje ili govor ili vid.
10:19
And if we handicap ourselves with play,
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I ako si uskratimo igru,
10:21
we handicap ourselves
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hendikepiramo se kao
10:23
as if we would with any other birthright that we have.
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kad bismo izgubili bilo koju drugu sposobnost.
10:25
We hold ourselves back.
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Sputavamo se.
10:29
Little exercise just for a second:
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Kratka vježba:
10:31
close your eyes
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zatvorite oči
10:33
and try to imagine a world without play.
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i pokušajte zamisliti svijet bez igre.
10:36
Imagine a world without theater, without the arts,
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Zamislite svijet bez teatra, bez umjetnosti,
10:39
without song, without dancing,
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bez pjesme, bez plesa,
10:42
without soccer, without football,
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bez nogometa, bez američkog nogometa.
10:44
without laughter.
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bez smijeha.
10:46
What does this world look like?
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Kako izgleda taj svijet?
10:48
It's pretty bleak.
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Prilično je pust.
10:50
It's pretty glum.
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Prilično je natmuren.
10:52
Now imagine your workplace.
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Sada zamislite svoje radno mjesto.
10:54
Is it fun? Is it playful?
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Je li zabavno? Je li razigrano?
10:56
Or maybe the workplace of your friends -- here we're forward thinking.
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Ili radno mjesto vaših prijatelja -- razmišljamo unaprijed.
10:59
Is it fun? Is it playful?
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Je li zabavno? Je li razigrano?
11:01
Or is it crap? Is it autocratic, controlling,
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Ili je sranje? Autokratsko, kontrolirajuće,
11:04
restrictive and untrusting and unfulfilling?
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ograničavajuće, i nepovjerljivo, i nezadovoljavajuće?
11:09
We have this concept
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Imamo koncept
11:11
that the opposite of play is work.
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da je rad suprotno od igre.
11:14
We even feel guilty if we're seen playing at work.
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Čak se osjećamo krivima ako nas na poslu vide da se igramo.
11:17
"Oh, my colleagues see me laughing. I must not have enough work,"
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"Oh, kolege vide da se smijem. Sigurno nemam dovoljno posla. "
11:20
or, "Oh, I've got to hide because my boss might see me.
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ili "Oh, moram se sakriti jer bi me šef mogao vidjeti."
11:23
He's going to think I'm not working hard."
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Mislit će da ne radim dovoljno."
11:26
But I have news for you: our thinking is backwards.
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No imam novost za vas: razmišljamo naopačke.
11:28
The opposite of play
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Suprotno od igre
11:30
is not work.
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nije rad.
11:32
The opposite of play
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Suprotno od igre
11:34
is depression. It's depression.
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je depresija, depresija.
11:37
In fact,
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Zapravo,
11:39
play improves our work.
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igra poboljšava naš rad.
11:41
Just like there's benefits for humans and animals,
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Kao što ljudi i životinje imaju koristi,
11:43
there's benefits for play at work.
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tako i naš posao ima koristi.
11:45
For example, it stimulates creativity.
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Na primjer, igra stimulira kreativnost.
11:49
It increases our openness to change.
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Povećava otvorenost za promjene.
11:52
It improves our ability to learn.
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Poboljšava našu sposobnost učenja.
11:54
It provides a sense of purpose and mastery --
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Pruža nam osjećaj svrhe i sposobnosti --
11:56
two key motivational things
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dvije ključne motivacijske stvari
11:58
that increase productivity,
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koje povećavaju produktivnost,
12:00
through play.
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kroz igru.
12:02
So before you start thinking of play as just not serious,
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Prije nego počnete misliti da igra nije dovoljno ozbiljna,
12:05
play doesn't mean frivolous.
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igra nije neozbiljna.
12:07
You know, the professional athlete that loves skiing,
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Znate, profesionalni sportaš koji voli skijanje,
12:09
he's serious about it, but he loves it.
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on je ozbiljan u vezi toga, ali on to i voli.
12:12
He's having fun, he's in the groove, he's in the flow.
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On se zabavlja, u svom je elementu, u stanju zanesenosti.
12:15
A doctor might be serious,
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Liječnik može biti ozbiljan
12:17
but laughter's still a great medicine.
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ali smijeh je još uvijek veliki lijek.
12:21
Our thinking is backwards.
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Naše razmišljanje je naopako.
12:23
We shouldn't be feeling guilty.
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Ne bismo se trebali osjećati krivima.
12:25
We should be celebrating play.
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Trebali bismo slaviti igru.
12:27
Quick example from the corporate world.
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Brzi primjer iz korporativnog svijeta.
12:29
FedEx, easy motto: people, service, profit.
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FedEX, jednostavan moto: ljudi, usluga, profit.
12:32
If you treat your people like people, if you treat them great,
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Ako se odnosite prema ljudima kao prema ljudima, ako postupate prema njima odlično,
12:35
they're happier, they're fulfilled, they have a sense of mastery and purpose.
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oni su sretniji, ispunjeni, imaju osjećaj sposobnosti i svrhe.
12:38
What happens? They give better service --
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Što se događa? Pružaju bolju uslugu --
12:40
not worse, but better.
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ne lošiju, nego bolju.
12:42
And when customers call for service
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A kada klijenti traže uslugu
12:44
and they're dealing with happy people that can make decisions and are fulfilled,
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i razgovaraju sa sretnim ljudima, s onima koji donose odluke i koji su ispunjeni,
12:47
how do the customers feel? They feel great.
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kako se osjećaju? Osjećaju se izvrsno.
12:49
And what do great customers do, great-feeling customers?
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I što čine odlični klijenti, koji se izvrsno osjećaju?
12:52
They buy more of your service and they tell more of their friends,
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Koriste više vaših usluga i više govore svojim prijateljima,
12:54
which leads to more profit.
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što donosi više zarade.
12:56
People, service, profit.
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Ljudi, usluga, profit.
12:58
Play increases productivity, not decreases.
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Igra povećava produktivnost, ne smanjuje ju.
13:01
And you're going to say,
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Vi ćete reći:
13:03
"Gee, that can work for FedEx out there in the United States,
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"To može funkcionirati u FedEx-u tamo u Americi,
13:05
but it can't work in Bulgaria.
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ali ne i u Bugarskoj.
13:07
No way. We're different."
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Nema šanse. Mi smo drugačiji. "
13:09
It does work in Bulgaria, you guys. Two reasons.
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To vrijedi i za Bugarsku, ljudi. Dva razloga.
13:11
One, play is universal.
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Jedan, igra je univerzalna.
13:13
There's nothing weird about Bulgarians that we can't play,
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Nema ničega čudnog u vezi Bugara da se ne bismo mogli igrati,
13:16
besides the serious meme that we have to kick out.
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osim ideje ozbiljnosti koju moramo izbaciti.
13:18
Two, I've tried it. I've tried at Sciant.
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Drugo, probao sam. Probao sam kad sam radio za "Sciant".
13:21
When I got there, we had zero happy customers.
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Kad sam stigao, broj zadovoljnih mušterija bio je nula.
13:23
Not one customer would refer us.
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Ni jedan kupac nas nije birao.
13:25
I asked them all.
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Pitao sam ih sve.
13:27
We had marginal profit -- I did.
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Imali smo malu zaradu -- pitao sam ih.
13:29
We had marginal profits,
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Imali smo malu zaradu.
13:31
and we had unhappy stakeholders.
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i nezadovoljne dioničare.
13:33
Through some basic change,
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Kroz neke osnovne promjene,
13:35
change like improving transparency,
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kao što je poboljšanje transparentnosti.
13:38
change like promoting self-direction
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poticanje samoupravljanja
13:40
and collaboration, encouraging collaboration,
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i suradnje, poticanjem suradnje,
13:43
not autocracy,
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ne autokracije,
13:45
the things like having a results-focus.
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fokusiranosti na rezultat.
13:47
I don't care when you get in in the morning. I don't care when you leave.
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Ne zanima me kad dolazite na posao ni kad odlazite.
13:50
I care that your customer and your team is happy
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Stalo mi je do toga da su klijent i tim sretni.
13:52
and you're organized with that.
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i da su organizirani oko toga.
13:54
Why do I care if you get in at nine o'clock?
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Zašto mi je važno da dođem u devet?
13:56
Basically promoting fun.
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Uglavnom poticanje zabave.
13:58
Through promoting fun and a great environment,
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Poticanjem zabave i dobrog okruženja
14:01
we were able to transform Sciant
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uspjeli smo promijeniti "Sciant"
14:03
and, in just three short years --
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i za samo tri kratke godine --
14:05
sounds like a long time, but change is slow --
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zvuči dugo, ali promjene su spore --
14:07
every customer, from zero to every customer referring us,
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svaki klijent nas je preporučivao,
14:10
above average profits for the industry
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imali smo natprosječnu zaradu
14:12
and happy stakeholders.
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i sretne dioničare.
14:14
And you can say, "Well how do you know they're happy?"
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Možete reći: " A kako znate da su sretni?"
14:16
Well we did win, every year that we entered,
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Svake godine kad smo se kandidirali za
14:18
one of the rankings for best employer for small business.
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najboljeg poslodavca u malom biznisu, osvojili smo neko mjesto.
14:21
Independent analysis from anonymous employees
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Nezavisne analize od strane anonimnih zaposlenika
14:23
on their surveys.
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u njihovim istraživanjima.
14:25
It does, and it can, work in Bulgaria.
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Može i uspijeva u Bugarskoj.
14:27
There's nothing holding us back,
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Ništa nas ne sprječava,
14:29
except our own mentality about play.
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osim vlastitog mentaliteta.
14:32
So some steps that we can take -- to finish up --
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Dakle, da završim, koji su koraci
14:35
how to make this revolution through play.
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prema ovoj revoluciji kroz igru?
14:37
First of all, you have to believe me.
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Prvo, morate mi vjerovati.
14:39
If you don't believe me,
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Ako mi ne vjerujete,
14:41
well just go home and think about it some more or something.
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idite kući i još malo razmislite.
14:43
Second of all, if you don't have the feeling of play in you,
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Drugo, ako u sebi nemate osjećaj igre,
14:46
you need to rediscover play.
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morate ga ponovno otkriti.
14:48
Whatever it was that as a kid you used to enjoy,
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U čemu god da ste uživali kao dijete
14:50
that you enjoyed only six months ago,
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ili prije samo šest mjeseci,
14:52
but now that you've got that promotion you can't enjoy,
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ali sad ste unaprijeđeni pa ne možete
14:54
because you feel like you have to be serious,
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jer osjećate da morate biti ozbiljni,
14:56
rediscover it.
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otkrijte to nanovo.
14:58
I don't care if it's mountain biking or reading a book or playing a game.
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Bilo da je vožnja biciklom, čitanje knjige, igranje igre,
15:00
Rediscover that
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ponovo ga otkrijete.
15:02
because you're the leaders,
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Jer vi ste vođe inovacija,
15:04
the innovation leaders, the thought leaders.
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vođe u razmišljanju.
15:06
You're the ones that have to go back to the office
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Vi se morate vratiti u ured
15:08
or talk to your friends
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ili pričati sa svojim prijateljima
15:10
and ignite the fire of change in the play revolution.
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i zapaliti vatru promjene u revoluciji kroz igru.
15:13
You guys have to, and if you're not feeling it,
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Morate, ali ako to ne osjećate,
15:15
your colleagues, your employees, aren't going to feel it.
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neće to osjetiti ni vaši kolege i zaposlenici.
15:18
You've got to go back and say, "Hey, I'm going to trust you."
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Morate se vratiti i reći: "Ej, vjerovat ću ti."
15:21
Weird concept: I hired you; I should trust you.
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Čudna ideja. Zaposlio sam te. Trebao bih ti vjerovati.
15:24
I'm going to let you make decisions. I'm going to empower you,
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Pustit ću te da odlučuješ. Dat ću ti moć.
15:27
and I'm going to delegate to the lowest level, rather than the top.
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Odredit ću si najniži nivo radije nego vrh.
15:30
I'm going to encourage constructive criticism.
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Poticat ću konstruktivnu kritiku.
15:33
I'm going to let you challenge authority.
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Dozvolit ću da preispitate autoritet.
15:35
Because it's by challenging the way things are always done
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Jer preispitivanjem načina na koji stalno nešto radimo
15:38
is that we are able to break out of the rut that we're in
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možemo se otrgnuti od kolotečine
15:40
and create innovative solutions
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i stvoriti inovativna rješenja
15:42
to problems of today.
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današnjih problema.
15:44
We're not always right as leaders.
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Kao vođe nismo uvijek u pravu.
15:46
We're going to eradicate fear.
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Iskorijenit ćemo strah.
15:48
Fear is the enemy of play.
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Strah je neprijatelj igre.
15:51
And we're going to do things
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I mi ćemo
15:53
like eliminate restrictions.
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ukloniti ograničenja.
15:55
You know what, let them use their mobile phone
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Znate li što, neka koriste mobilne telefone
15:57
for personal calls -- heaven forbid.
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za osobne potrebe - zaboga.
16:00
Let them be on the Internet.
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Neka idu na internet.
16:02
Let them be on instant messengers.
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Neka koriste instant poruke.
16:05
Let them take long lunches.
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Neka idu na duge ručkove.
16:09
Lunch is like the recess for work.
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Ručak je kao veliki odmor na poslu.
16:11
It's when you go out in the world
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Vrijeme da izađete u svijet
16:13
and you recharge your brain, you meet your friends,
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i osvježite svoj mozak, sretnete prijatelje
16:15
you have a beer, you have some food, you talk,
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popijete pivo, pojedete nešto, razgovarate,
16:18
you get some synergy of ideas
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doživite sinergiju ideja
16:20
that maybe you wouldn't have had before.
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koje možda inače ne biste imali.
16:22
Let them do it. Give them some freedom,
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Pustite ih. Dajte im malo slobode.
16:25
and in general, let them play. Let them have fun at the workplace.
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I uopće, pustite ih da se igraju. Neka se zabavljaju na radnom mjestu.
16:28
We spend so much of our lives at the workplace,
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Potrošimo tako puno od života na radnom mjestu,
16:31
and it's supposed to be, what, a miserable grind,
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i što bi to trebalo biti, jadno mljevenje
16:33
so that 20 years from now, we wake up and say, "Is this it?
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kako biste se za 20 godina probudili i rekli: "To je to?
16:36
Is that all there was?"
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Ovo je sve u životu?"
16:38
Unacceptable. Nepriemliv.
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Neprihvatljivo.
16:40
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
16:43
So in summary,
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Dakle sažetak,
16:45
we need a drastic change
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trebamo drastičnu promjenu
16:47
in the way we think and behave,
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u načinu razmišljanja i ponašanja,
16:49
but we don't need
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ali ne trebamo
16:51
a workers' revolution.
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radničku revoluciju.
16:54
We don't need a workers' revolution.
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Ne trebamo radničku revoluciju.
16:56
What we need
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Ono što trebamo
16:58
is a players' uprising.
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je ustanak igrača.
17:00
What we need is a players' uprising.
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Ono što trebamo je ustanak igrača.
17:03
What we need is a players' uprising.
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Ono što trebamo je ustanak igrača.
17:05
Seriously, we need to band together.
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Ozbiljno, trebamo se povezati.
17:07
Today is the start of the uprising.
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Danas je početak ustanka.
17:09
But what you need to do
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Ali što trebate učiniti
17:11
is fan the flames of the revolution.
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je rasplamsati plamen revolucije,
17:13
You need to go and share your ideas and your success stories
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Morate ići i podijeliti vaše ideje i vašu priču o uspjehu
17:16
of what worked
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što je uspjelo u
17:18
about reinvigorating our lives, our schools,
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okrepljivanju našeg života, naših škola,
17:21
and our work with play;
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i našeg rada igrom;
17:23
about how play promotes
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o tome kako igra promiče
17:25
a sense of promise and self-fulfillment;
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osjećaj obećanja i samoispunjenja;
17:28
of how play promotes innovation and productivity,
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i kako igra promiče inovaciju i produktivnost;
17:32
and, ultimately, how play creates meaning.
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i, konačno, kako igra stvara značenje.
17:36
Because we can't do it alone. We have to do it together,
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I zato što to ne možemo učiniti sami. Moramo to učiniti zajedno.
17:39
and together, if we do this and share these ideas on play,
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A zajedno, ako učinimo to i podijelimo ove ideje o igri,
17:42
we can transform Bulgaria for the better.
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možemo promijeniti Bugarsku nabolje.
17:46
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
17:48
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Steve Keil - EntrepreneurBased in Bulgaria, Steve Keil creates companies around big social and environmental goals.
Why you should listen
Steve Keil is an entrepreneur whose passion is to create companies in which people are inspired to make their mark with their ideas and imagination. He believes that business leaders are responsible for creating such an environment, by including social and environmental objectives in their personal and business ethics. He has taught at the American College, written for various publications, and currently teaches at the University of Sofia.
He says: "I don't like plastic bottles."
Steve Keil | Speaker | TED.com