TEDxBG
Steve Keil: A manifesto for play, for Bulgaria and beyond
史帝夫 凱爾：一個畀保加利亞同世界嘅玩樂宣言。
Filmed:
Readability: 3.6
687,760 views
喺蘇菲亞 TEDxBG，史帝夫凱爾同殘害距家鄉保加利亞嘅“認真基因”作戰——距呼訏大家重返玩樂來復興經濟，教育同社會。呢個精綵嘅縯講帶畀全世界人一條普世咨詢用來改變距地嘅工作環境，學校同生活。
Steve Keil - Entrepreneur
Based in Bulgaria, Steve Keil creates companies around big social and environmental goals. Full bio
Based in Bulgaria, Steve Keil creates companies around big social and environmental goals. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
I'm here today
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今日我喺度，
00:18
to start a revolution.
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掀起一場革命。
00:20
Now before you get up in arms,
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喺你攞起武器，
00:22
or you break into song,
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開始高唱戰歌，
00:24
or you pick a favorite color,
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或者揀最中意嘅顔色之前，
00:26
I want to define what I mean by revolution.
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我想明確一下我對革命嘅定義，
00:29
By revolution,
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所謂革命，
00:31
I mean a drastic and far-reaching change
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即係喺我哋嘅思維同行為方式上，
00:34
in the way we think and behave --
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喺我哋嘅思維同行為方式上，
00:37
the way we think and the way we behave.
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我哋嘅思維同行為方式上，明白嗎?
00:40
Now why, Steve, why do we need a revolution?
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點解係史帝夫，點解我哋要一場革命
00:43
We need a revolution
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我哋需要一場革命
00:45
because things aren't working; they're just not working.
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因為有啲嘢唔啱，完全唔啱。
00:48
And that makes me really sad
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佢哋令我好頽喪，
00:50
because I'm sick and tired of things not working.
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因為我為佢哋嘅唔啱而覺得。
00:53
You know, I'm sick and tired of us not living up to our potential.
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我痛心于大家沒生活喺以我們嘅潛力可以過嘅生活。
00:56
I'm sick and tired of us being last.
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我痛心于我哋包尾。
00:59
And we are last place in so many things --
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我哋喺好多地方都係包尾——
01:02
for example, social factors.
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比如社會方面，
01:05
We're last place in Europe in innovation.
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喺創新上，我哋喺成個歐洲都係包尾嘅
01:08
There we are right at the end, right at the bottom,
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我哋喺呢度，我哋喺最尾，
01:11
last place as a culture that doesn't value innovation.
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被視為唔重視創新嘅民族。
01:14
We're last place in health care,
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我哋喺醫療保健上包尾，
01:16
and that's important for a sense of well-being.
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而呢樣嘢對幸福感喺好重要嘅
01:18
And there we are, not just last in the E.U.,
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我哋唔止喺歐盟包尾，
01:20
we're last in Europe, at the very bottom.
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我哋仲喺歐洲包尾，墊底。
01:22
And worst of all,
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最弊嘅喺，
01:24
it just came out three weeks ago, many of you have seen it, The Economist.
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三個星期前先發布嘅，你哋好多人都應該睇過，經濟學人。
01:27
We're the saddest place on Earth,
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我哋係世界上最悲傷嘅地方，
01:30
relative to GDP per capita --
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關聯到人均GDP——
01:32
the saddest place on Earth.
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世界上最悲傷嘅地方。
01:34
That's social. Let's look at education.
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呢個只喺社會方邊，再睇下教育。
01:37
Where do we rank three weeks ago
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我哋喺三個星期之前，
01:39
in another report by the OECD?
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一份经合組織（OECD）嘅報告指出
01:41
Last in reading, math and science. Last.
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閱讀，數學同科學都係包尾嘅，包尾。
01:44
Business:
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商業上：
01:46
The lowest perception in the E.U.
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我哋係歐盟入面，對于
01:48
that entrepreneurs provide benefits to society.
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【企業家提供福利畀社會】呢個概唸嘅認同度最低。
01:51
Why as a result, what happens?
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結果？
01:53
The lowest percentage of entrepreneurs starting businesses.
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最少人做生意。
01:56
And this is despite the fact
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即使每個人都知道
01:58
that everybody knows that small business
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小型企業喺經濟發展嘅引擎
02:00
is the engine of economies.
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呢個事實。
02:02
We hire the most people; we create the most taxes.
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我哋小型企業提供最多嘅職位，我哋貢獻最多嘅稅收。
02:05
So if our engine's broken, guess what?
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所以，如果我哋嘅引擎壞咗，會點？
02:08
Last in Europe GDP per capita.
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喺歐洲人均GDP上我哋亦係包尾。
02:11
Last.
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包尾。
02:13
So it's no surprise, guys, that 62 percent of Bulgarians
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所以，一啲都唔奇怪，
02:16
are not optimistic about the future.
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一啲都唔奇怪。
02:18
We're unhappy, we have bad education,
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我哋唔開心，我哋教育唔好，
02:20
and we have the worst businesses.
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我哋仲有最差嘅生意。
02:23
And these are facts, guys.
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而呢啲都喺事實啊，各位。
02:25
This isn't story tale; it's not make-believe.
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唔係古仔，唔係作出來嘅。
02:28
It's not.
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唔係！
02:30
It's not a conspiracy I have got against Bulgaria. These are facts.
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唔係我用來針對保加利亞嘅隂謀，呢個喺事實。
02:33
So I think it should be really, really clear
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所以，好明顯，
02:35
that our system is broken.
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我哋嘅繫統short咗。
02:37
The way we think, the way we behave,
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我哋霖嘢嘅方式，我哋嘅行為，
02:39
our operating system of behaving is broken.
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我哋嘅操作繫統short咗。
02:41
We need a drastic change in the way we think and behave
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我哋需要一個長遠而徹底嘅改變，
02:44
to transform Bulgaria for the better,
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來令保加利亞變得更好，
02:46
for ourselves, for our friends,
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爲咗我哋自己，爲咗我哋嘅朋友
02:48
for our family and for our future.
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爲咗我哋屋企人，同埋我哋嘅未來。
02:50
How did this happen?
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點做啊？
02:52
Let's be positive now. We're going to get positive. How did this happen?
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樂觀啲，我哋積極啲。點先可以改變？
02:55
I think we're last because --
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我認為，我哋包尾係因為——
02:57
and this is going to be drastic to some of you --
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呢個可能會震撼到一啲人——
02:59
because we are handicapping ourselves.
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因為我哋固步自封。
03:01
We're holding ourselves back
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我哋扯著自己返轉頭
03:03
because we don't value play.
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因為我哋唔重視玩。
03:05
I said "play," all right.
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我話【玩】！
03:07
In case some of you forgot what play is, this is what play looks like.
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可能有啲人已經唔記得乜嘢係玩了，玩係咁樣嘅。
03:10
Babies play, kids play,
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bb仔玩，細路仔玩，
03:12
adults play.
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大人玩。
03:14
We don't value play.
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我哋唔重視玩。
03:16
In fact, we devalue play.
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事實上，我哋輕視玩。
03:18
And we devalue it in three areas.
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我哋喺呢三個方面輕視玩。
03:20
Let's go back to the same three areas.
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睇返我哋啱先講嘅三個方面。
03:22
Social: 45 years of what?
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社會方面：45年嘅乜？
03:24
Of communism --
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共産主義
03:26
of valuing the society and the state over the individual
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社會同國家高于個人利益
03:29
and squashing, inadvertently,
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無意之中碾壓咗創造力，
03:31
creativity, individual self-expression and innovation.
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自我表達，同創新意識。
03:35
And instead, what do we value?
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相反，我哋重視乜嘢？
03:37
Because it's shown
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好明顯，
03:39
the way we apply, generate and use knowledge
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我哋做嘢，生産，同知識運用
03:43
is affected by our social and institutional context,
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係畀我哋嘅社會同製度環境所影響，
03:45
which told us what in communism?
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共産主義要我哋點做？
03:47
To be serious.
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严肃。
03:49
To be really, really serious.
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要严肃。
03:51
It did.
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非常非常严肃。
03:53
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
03:57
Be serious.
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講真咖。
03:59
I can't tell you how many times I've been scolded in the park
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我已經記唔清畀人喺公園鬧過幾多次，
04:02
for letting my kids play on the ground.
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因為我畀我嘅細路喺地下玩。
04:06
Heaven forbid they play in the dirt, the kal,
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絕對唔畀佢哋喺泥（кал，保加利亚语）度玩，
04:09
or even worse, lokvi, water -- that will kill them.
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更咪話玩水，咁會害死佢哋。
04:12
I have been told by babas and dyados
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爺爺嫲嫲同我講，
04:14
that we shouldn't let our kids play so much
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我哋唔可以畀細路玩咁多，
04:17
because life is serious
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因為人生喺嚴肅認真嘅，
04:19
and we need to train them for the seriousness of life.
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我哋要訓練佢哋面對人生嘅嚴肅認真。
04:21
We have a serious meme running through.
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我哋文化之中有一個嚴肅嘅基因。
04:24
It's a social gene running through us.
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係我哋體內嘅社會基因。
04:26
It's a serious gene.
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一個嚴肅嘅基因。
04:28
It's 45 years of it
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45年來
04:30
that's created what I call the "baba factor."
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佢創造咗我叫做“嫲嫲因素”嘅嘢。
04:32
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
04:34
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
04:36
And here's how it works.
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過程係咁嘅，
04:38
Step one: woman says, "I want to have a baby. Iskam baby."
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第一步：“女人話，我想有個得意嘅BB。”
04:41
Step two: we get the baby. Woohoo!
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第二部：我哋生咗個BB出來啦～
04:43
But then what happens in step three?
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但第三步又點咧？
04:45
I want to go back to work
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我要返工，
04:47
because I need to further my career or I just want to go have coffees.
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因為我想發展自己嘅事業，或者想飲杯咖啡。
04:50
I'm going to give bebko to baba.
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我要將BB畀嫲嫲睇著。
04:53
But we need to remember
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但記得嘛？
04:55
that baba's been infected by the serious meme for 45 years.
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嫲嫲已經畀嚴肅基因影響咗45年啦。
04:58
So what happens?
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所以發生乜事？
05:00
She passes that virus on to baby,
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佢將呢個病毒傳畀BB，
05:03
and it takes a really, really, really long time -- as the redwood trees --
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而咁要花好長好長時間——好似紅杉樹一樣，
05:07
for that serious meme
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將呢個嚴肅基因
05:09
to get out of our operating system.
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從我哋思想入邊消除。
05:12
What happens then?
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跟著咧？
05:14
It goes into education where we have an antiquated education system
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我哋嘅教育體製抱殘守缺
05:17
that has little changed for 100 years,
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100年先變得嗰啲咁多
05:19
that values rote learning,
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重視死記硬揹，
05:21
memorization and standardization,
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生搬硬套，墨守陳規，
05:23
and devalues self-expression, self-exploration,
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輕視自我表達，自我探索，
05:26
questioning, creativity and play.
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疑問，創造，同玩耍。
05:28
It's a crap system.
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呢個繫統坏咗。
05:30
True story: I went looking for a school for my kid.
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真實故事：我幫我嘅仔揾學校。
05:34
We went to this prestigious little school
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去到呢間出名嘅細學校，
05:36
and they say they're going to study math 10 times a week
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佢哋話學校一個星期上10堂數學
05:38
and science eight times a week
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8堂科學
05:40
and reading five times a day and all this stuff.
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5堂閱讀，等等等等。
05:42
And we said, "Well what about play and recess?"
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跟著我哋問：“咁啲學生玩幾耐啊？”
05:45
And they said, "Ha. There won't be a single moment in the schedule."
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佢哋話：“課程表入邊根本就沒呢樣嘢。”
05:48
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
05:50
And we said, "He's five."
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跟著我哋話“佢先5歲咋。”
05:52
What a crime. What a crime.
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犯罪！犯罪！
05:54
And it's a crime
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咁係犯罪
05:56
that our education system is so serious because education is serious
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我哋嘅教育體繫太嚴肅了，
05:59
that we're creating mindless, robotic workers
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我哋剩係識創造沒腦嘅機械工人
06:01
to put bolts in pre-drilled holes.
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去同螺母上螺絲。
06:03
But I'm sorry, the problems of today
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但可惜嘅喺，而家嘅問題，
06:05
are not the problems of the Industrial Revolution.
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唔喺工業革命嗰時嘅問題。
06:07
We need adaptability,
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我哋需要適應能力，
06:09
the ability to learn how to be creative and innovative.
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去學習創造同創新。
06:12
We don't need mechanized workers.
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我哋唔需要機械人咁嘅工作者。
06:14
But no, now our meme goes into work where we don't value play.
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現實喺，我哋嘅文化輕視玩。
06:17
We create robotic workers that we treat like assets,
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我哋創造機械人咁嘅工人，仲當喺工具咁，
06:20
to lever and just throw away.
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用完就丟。
06:22
What are qualities of a Bulgarian work?
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保加利亞人工作嘅特點係乜？
06:25
Autocratic --
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獨斷專橫——
06:27
do what I say because I'm the chef.
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照我講嘅做，因為我係老闆。
06:29
I'm the boss and I know better than you.
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我叻過你。
06:31
Untrusting -- you're obviously a criminal, so I'm going to install cameras.
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唔信任——你擺明係個罪犯，所以我要裝攝像槍。
06:34
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
06:36
Controlling --
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指手画脚——
06:38
you're obviously an idiot, so I'm going to make
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你擺明係個死蠢，所以我要整幾百萬個步驟畀你跟著
06:40
a zillion little processes for you to follow so you don't step out of the box.
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咁你就唔會做錯啦。
06:43
So they're restrictive -- don't use your mobile phone,
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佢哋仲好嚴格——唔畀用打電話，
06:45
don't use your laptop, don't search the Internet,
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唔畀用手提電腦，唔畀上網，
06:47
don't be on I.M.
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唔畀用聊天工具。
06:49
That's somehow unprofessional and bad.
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太唔專業了，
06:51
And at the end of the day, it's unfulfilling
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做足一日，沒啲成就感，
06:53
because you're controlled, you're restricted, you're not valued
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因為你畀人睇著，你畀人限製著，你沒價值
06:56
and you're not having any fun.
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仲要無聊到死。
06:58
In social, in education and in our business,
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喺社會，教育，工作上，
07:00
don't value play.
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我哋唔重視玩。
07:02
And that's why we're last,
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呢個就係我哋包尾嘅原因，
07:04
because we don't value play.
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因為我哋唔重視玩。
07:06
And you can say, "That's ridiculous, Steve. What a dumb idea.
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你可能會話，“史帝夫喺度亂噏。咁沒譜嘅霖法都有嘎。
07:09
It can't be because of play.
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點可能喺因為玩咧。
07:11
Just play, that's a stupid thing."
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因為玩好蠢。”喺咪？
07:13
We have the serious meme in us.
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因為我哋有嚴肅基因。
07:15
Well I'm going to say no.
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我要話，唔係！
07:17
And I will prove it to you in the next part of the speech --
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我跟著落來就會證明畀你睇——
07:20
that play is the catalyst, it is the revolution,
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玩係催化剂，係變革，
07:23
that we can use to transform Bulgaria for the better.
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係用來令保加利亞變得更好嘅載體。
07:26
Play:
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玩：
07:28
our brains
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我哋嘅大腦，
07:30
are hardwired for play.
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係专为玩耍而设计嘅。
07:32
Evolution has selected,
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生物進化選擇咗佢，
07:34
over millions and billions of years,
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超過千萬年，
07:37
for play in animals and in humans.
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仍然保留喺人類同動物身上。
07:40
And you know what?
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知道嘛？
07:42
Evolution does a really, really good job
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進化非常有用，
07:44
of deselecting traits that aren't advantageous to us
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佢淘汰棄對我哋有害嘅身體特徴。
07:47
and selecting traits for competitive advantage.
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選擇利于生物競爭嘅特性。
07:50
Nature isn't stupid, and it selected for play.
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自然好醒目，而佢選擇咗玩來幫助進化。
07:53
Throughout the animal kingdom, for example:
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以動物界為例，
07:55
ants. Ants play.
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螞蟻玩，
07:57
Maybe you didn't know that.
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不過你可能唔知，
07:59
But when they're playing,
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佢哋玩嘅時候，
08:01
they're learning the social order and dynamics of things.
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學會咗社會秩序同事物規律。
08:03
Rats play, but what you might not have known
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家鼠玩，不過你可能唔知，
08:05
is that rats that play more
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家鼠玩得越多
08:07
have bigger brains
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佢哋嘅腦就越大
08:09
and they learn tasks better,
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佢哋學嘢就會越快，
08:11
skills.
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佢哋學技能更容易。
08:13
Kittens play. We all know kittens play.
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貓仔玩，我哋都知道貓仔玩。
08:15
But what you may not know
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不過你可能唔知，
08:17
is that kittens deprived of play
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貓仔唔玩，
08:20
are unable to interact socially.
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就沒辦法同其他貓交際。
08:22
They can still hunt, but they can't be social.
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佢哋仲係可以抓老鼠，但會孤僻。
08:25
Bears play.
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熊亦玩。
08:27
But what you may not know
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不過你可能唔知，
08:29
is that bears that play more survive longer.
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熊玩得越多，生存得越耐。
08:32
It's not the bears that learn how to fish better.
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唔係嗰只抓魚叻嘅，
08:34
It's the ones that play more.
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而係玩得多嗰只。
08:37
And a final really interesting study --
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最后仲有一項有趣嘅研究，
08:39
it's been shown, a correlation
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表明玩同腦容積
08:41
between play and brain size.
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嘅關繫
08:43
The more you play, the bigger the brains there are.
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你玩得越多，大腦就會越發達。
08:46
Dolphins, pretty big brains, play a lot.
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海豚，有好大嘅腦，玩得好多。
08:49
But who do you think
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你認為邊個有最大嘅腦？
08:51
with the biggest brains are the biggest players?
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邊個最玩得嘅？
08:54
Yours truly: humans.
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梗喺你啦，人類！
08:56
Kids play, we play --
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細路玩，我哋玩——
08:58
of every nationality, of every race,
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每個國家，每個種族，
09:00
of every color, of every religion.
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每种膚色，每個宗教。
09:02
It's a universal thing -- we play.
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呢樣嘢喺普世共有嘅——我哋玩。
09:04
And it's not just kids, it's adults too.
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唔單止喺細路玩，大人亦玩。
09:07
Really cool term: neoteny --
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有型嘅講法：幼态延续——
09:09
the retention of play and juvenile traits in adults.
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少年好玩嘅天性喺成年人内心嘅延续
09:12
And who are the biggest neotenists?
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邊個最童心未泯？
09:14
Humans. We play sports.
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人類。我哋玩運動。
09:16
We do it for fun, or as Olympians, or as professionals.
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爲咗娛樂，參賽，或者當成職業。
09:18
We play musical instruments.
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我哋玩樂器。
09:20
We dance, we kiss, we sing,
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我哋跳舞，我哋親吻，我哋唱歌，
09:22
we just goof around.
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我哋追逐打闹。
09:24
We're designed by nature to play
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我哋天生就識玩
09:27
from birth to old age.
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由細到大。
09:30
We're designed to do that continuously --
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我哋被設計成一直咁做——
09:33
to play and play a lot
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玩，搏命玩
09:35
and not stop playing.
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永遠唔停止玩。
09:37
It is a huge benefit.
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玩有巨大嘅好處。
09:40
Just like there's benefits to animals,
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就好似對動物嘅好處一樣，
09:42
there's benefits to humans.
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佢亦有對人類嘅好處。
09:44
For example, it's been shown
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比如，刺激喺杏仁体嘅
09:46
to stimulate neural growth in the amygdala,
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神經生長，
09:48
in the area where it controls emotions.
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呢度喺情緒控製中心。
09:50
It's been shown to promote pre-frontal cortex development
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仲會促進脑前额叶外皮生長
09:53
where a lot of cognition is happening.
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呢度喺意識形成嘅區域。
09:55
As a result, what happens?
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玩得多嘅結果係乜？
09:57
We develop more emotional maturity if we play more.
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我哋情感更加成熟，
10:00
We develop better decision-making ability
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我哋嘅決策能力更強。
10:02
if we play more.
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如果我哋玩得多嘅話。
10:04
These guys are facts.
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呢啲係事實。
10:06
It's not fiction, it's not story tales, it's not make-believe;
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唔喺古仔，唔喺亂噏，可能沒人信。
10:08
it's cold, hard science.
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但呢啲係硬科學。
10:10
These are the benefits to play.
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玩有太多嘅好處了。
10:13
It is a genetic birthright that we have,
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呢個係我哋天生嘅權利，
10:16
like walking or speaking or seeing.
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像好似講話，行路一樣。
10:19
And if we handicap ourselves with play,
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而如果我們限製自己玩，
10:21
we handicap ourselves
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我們固步自封，裹足不前
10:23
as if we would with any other birthright that we have.
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如果唔行使我哋天生嘅權利。
10:25
We hold ourselves back.
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我哋就會扯著自己返轉頭。
10:29
Little exercise just for a second:
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做個小練習。
10:31
close your eyes
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合埋雙眼。
10:33
and try to imagine a world without play.
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試下想象一個沒得玩嘅世界，
10:36
Imagine a world without theater, without the arts,
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想象下一個世界沒戲劇，沒藝術嘅，
10:39
without song, without dancing,
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沒歌曲，沒舞蹈，
10:42
without soccer, without football,
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沒足球，沒橄欖球，
10:44
without laughter.
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沒笑聲。
10:46
What does this world look like?
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呢個世界睇落點啊？
10:48
It's pretty bleak.
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慘白。
10:50
It's pretty glum.
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灰暗。
10:52
Now imagine your workplace.
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而家想象一下你工作嘅地方。
10:54
Is it fun? Is it playful?
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有趣嘛？好玩嘛？
10:56
Or maybe the workplace of your friends -- here we're forward thinking.
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或者你朋友嘅工作環境——做個换位思考
10:59
Is it fun? Is it playful?
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有趣嘛？好玩嘛？
11:01
Or is it crap? Is it autocratic, controlling,
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定係沒癮，機械化，高壓，
11:04
restrictive and untrusting and unfulfilling?
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诸多阻滯，唔信任，沒成就感？
11:09
We have this concept
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我哋有個觀唸
11:11
that the opposite of play is work.
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玩嘅反義詞就喺做嘢
11:14
We even feel guilty if we're seen playing at work.
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我哋甚至會因為喺工作中玩而覺得慚愧。
11:17
"Oh, my colleagues see me laughing. I must not have enough work,"
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“弊啦，我同事見到我喺度笑。我一定係做得唔夠落力，”
11:20
or, "Oh, I've got to hide because my boss might see me.
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或者“我要收埋因為老細可能見到我。
11:23
He's going to think I'm not working hard."
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佢會覺得我唔夠努力工作。”
11:26
But I have news for you: our thinking is backwards.
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但我有個消息要話畀你啲知：我哋霖反咗。
11:28
The opposite of play
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玩嘅反義詞
11:30
is not work.
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唔喺工作。
11:32
The opposite of play
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玩嘅反義詞
11:34
is depression. It's depression.
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喺壓抑，壓抑。
11:37
In fact,
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事實上，
11:39
play improves our work.
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玩提昇我哋嘅工作水平。
11:41
Just like there's benefits for humans and animals,
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就好似嗰啲對人類同動物嘅好處一樣，
11:43
there's benefits for play at work.
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呢啲係玩對工作嘅好處。
11:45
For example, it stimulates creativity.
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比如，佢刺激創造力。
11:49
It increases our openness to change.
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佢提昇我哋接受改變嘅開明度。
11:52
It improves our ability to learn.
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佢提昇我哋學習嘅能力。
11:54
It provides a sense of purpose and mastery --
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佢提供一種目標同掌控感——
11:56
two key motivational things
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通過玩
11:58
that increase productivity,
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提高生産效率
12:00
through play.
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有2個關鍵因素
12:02
So before you start thinking of play as just not serious,
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唔好急著認為玩唔認真299 00:11:50,000 --> 00:11:52,000 玩唔代表輕浮。
12:05
play doesn't mean frivolous.
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玩唔代表輕浮。
12:07
You know, the professional athlete that loves skiing,
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職業運動員中意滑雪，
12:09
he's serious about it, but he loves it.
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佢對滑雪好認真，但佢亦一樣愛呢樣運動。
12:12
He's having fun, he's in the groove, he's in the flow.
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佢覺得開心，覺得愉快，覺得甘暢淋灕。
12:15
A doctor might be serious,
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醫生可能會嚴肅，
12:17
but laughter's still a great medicine.
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但笑聲依然係偉大嘅傷藥。
12:21
Our thinking is backwards.
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我哋霖反咗。
12:23
We shouldn't be feeling guilty.
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我哋唔應該覺得丑。
12:25
We should be celebrating play.
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我哋應該慶祝玩樂。
12:27
Quick example from the corporate world.
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一個企業嘅簡單例子
12:29
FedEx, easy motto: people, service, profit.
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聯邦快遞，簡單口號：人，服務，利潤。
12:32
If you treat your people like people, if you treat them great,
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如果你人性化咁對員工，你對佢哋好，
12:35
they're happier, they're fulfilled, they have a sense of mastery and purpose.
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佢哋更加開心，佢哋會覺得滿足，佢哋會有目標同掌控感。
12:38
What happens? They give better service --
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跟著會點？佢哋會提供更好嘅服務——
12:40
not worse, but better.
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唔係更差，而係更好。
12:42
And when customers call for service
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当客人需要服务时，
12:44
and they're dealing with happy people that can make decisions and are fulfilled,
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佢哋係同開心有主見有成就感嘅人打交道，
12:47
how do the customers feel? They feel great.
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客人會覺得點啊？佢哋會好滿足。
12:49
And what do great customers do, great-feeling customers?
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滿足嘅客人會點做？
12:52
They buy more of your service and they tell more of their friends,
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佢哋買你更多嘅服務同話畀更多嘅朋友知，
12:54
which leads to more profit.
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咁就帶來更多嘅利潤。
12:56
People, service, profit.
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人，服務，利潤。
12:58
Play increases productivity, not decreases.
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玩耍提高生産力，唔係降低
13:01
And you're going to say,
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跟著你會話，
13:03
"Gee, that can work for FedEx out there in the United States,
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“唓，聯邦快遞呢套喺美國就行得通咯，
13:05
but it can't work in Bulgaria.
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保加利亞就唔掂啦。
13:07
No way. We're different."
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唔得。我哋係唔同嘅。”
13:09
It does work in Bulgaria, you guys. Two reasons.
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各位，佢對保加利亞一樣有用，2個原因。
13:11
One, play is universal.
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一，玩係世界通用嘅。
13:13
There's nothing weird about Bulgarians that we can't play,
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要踢开严肃基因，
13:16
besides the serious meme that we have to kick out.
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我哋保加利亚人玩无可厚非。
13:18
Two, I've tried it. I've tried at Sciant.
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二，我已經喺Sciant試過了。
13:21
When I got there, we had zero happy customers.
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當我去嗰度嘅時候，我哋一個開心嘅客人都沒。
13:23
Not one customer would refer us.
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沒人願意揾我哋。
13:25
I asked them all.
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我問勻曬每一個人.
13:27
We had marginal profit -- I did.
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我哋占有市場最少嘅利潤——曾經
13:29
We had marginal profits,
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我哋占有市場最少嘅利潤,
13:31
and we had unhappy stakeholders.
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我哋有唔開心嘅股東。
13:33
Through some basic change,
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通過一啲基本嘅改變，
13:35
change like improving transparency,
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比如提昇透明度，
13:38
change like promoting self-direction
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比如促進自我引導
13:40
and collaboration, encouraging collaboration,
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合作，鼓勵合作，
13:43
not autocracy,
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而唔係機械化，
13:45
the things like having a results-focus.
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由結果引導努力。
13:47
I don't care when you get in in the morning. I don't care when you leave.
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我介意你幾時返工，我介意你幾時放工。
13:50
I care that your customer and your team is happy
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我介意嘅喺你嘅客人同同事開心
13:52
and you're organized with that.
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你係令佢哋開心嘅人。
13:54
Why do I care if you get in at nine o'clock?
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點解我唔介意你係咪9點鐘返工？
13:56
Basically promoting fun.
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因為樂趣。
13:58
Through promoting fun and a great environment,
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通過提昇樂趣同好嘅工作環境
14:01
we were able to transform Sciant
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我哋已經將Sciant變好
14:03
and, in just three short years --
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而呢個改變只係用咗短短3年——
14:05
sounds like a long time, but change is slow --
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聽起身好耐，不過改變唔多——
14:07
every customer, from zero to every customer referring us,
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每個客人，從一個客都沒到個個客人都選擇我哋，
14:10
above average profits for the industry
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我哋有咗呢行入邊超過50％嘅利潤
14:12
and happy stakeholders.
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同埋開心嘅股東。
14:14
And you can say, "Well how do you know they're happy?"
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跟著你會問，“你點知佢哋開心嘎？”
14:16
Well we did win, every year that we entered,
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我哋做到咗，每一年我哋都獲得
14:18
one of the rankings for best employer for small business.
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小型企業最佳老闆獎
14:21
Independent analysis from anonymous employees
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呢個喺員工匿名投票嘅
14:23
on their surveys.
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獨立研究。
14:25
It does, and it can, work in Bulgaria.
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玩, 對保加利亞係有用兼且行得通嘅.
14:27
There's nothing holding us back,
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沒嘢扯緊我哋返轉頭,
14:29
except our own mentality about play.
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除咗我哋對玩嘅成見.
14:32
So some steps that we can take -- to finish up --
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最尾, 呢幾步可以
14:35
how to make this revolution through play.
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通過玩促成革命.
14:37
First of all, you have to believe me.
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首先, 你要信我.
14:39
If you don't believe me,
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如果你唔信我,
14:41
well just go home and think about it some more or something.
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咁就返屋企霖下先.
14:43
Second of all, if you don't have the feeling of play in you,
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其次，如果你沒玩嘅興緻，
14:46
you need to rediscover play.
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你要揾返佢返來來.
14:48
Whatever it was that as a kid you used to enjoy,
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無論佢係你以前覺得好玩嘅,
14:50
that you enjoyed only six months ago,
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可能就玩得個半年,
14:52
but now that you've got that promotion you can't enjoy,
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不過今日你因為昇職而唔玩得，373 00:14:39,000 --> 00:14:41,000 因為你覺得要嚴肅啦，
14:54
because you feel like you have to be serious,
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因為你覺得要嚴肅啦,
14:56
rediscover it.
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揾返佢。375 00:14:43,000 --> 00:14:45,000 我唔理係佢踩單車爬山，定睇書，定打機，376 00:14:45,000 --> 00:14:47,000 揾返佢.
14:58
I don't care if it's mountain biking or reading a book or playing a game.
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我唔理喺踩單車爬山, 定讀書, 定打機,
15:00
Rediscover that
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揾返佢.
15:02
because you're the leaders,
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因為你係領袖,
15:04
the innovation leaders, the thought leaders.
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維新領袖, 思想領袖。379 00:14:51,000 --> 00:14:53,000 你係嗰個要返去辦公室
15:06
You're the ones that have to go back to the office
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你喺嗰個要返去辦公室
15:08
or talk to your friends
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話畀你同事同朋友知嘅人
15:10
and ignite the fire of change in the play revolution.
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然后燃起玩嘅革命之火.
15:13
You guys have to, and if you're not feeling it,
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你一定要做, 否則
15:15
your colleagues, your employees, aren't going to feel it.
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你嘅同事, 你嘅手足係唔會信嘅.
15:18
You've got to go back and say, "Hey, I'm going to trust you."
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你要返去同佢哋講:"喂, 我信你。"
15:21
Weird concept: I hired you; I should trust you.
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呢個霖法一啲都唔奇怪. 我請你梗係要信你嘎啦。386 00:15:09,000 --> 00:15:12,000 我準備畀支咪你. 我要授權畀你.
15:24
I'm going to let you make decisions. I'm going to empower you,
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我準備畀支咪你. 我要授權畀你.
15:27
and I'm going to delegate to the lowest level, rather than the top.
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我畀你抓主意, 將權利下放, 而唔係集權。
15:30
I'm going to encourage constructive criticism.
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我要鼓勵建設性嘅批判。389 00:15:18,000 --> 00:15:20,000 我要畀妳挑戰權威。
15:33
I'm going to let you challenge authority.
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我要畀妳挑戰權威.
15:35
Because it's by challenging the way things are always done
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因為咁係爲咗挑戰我哋過往嘅做事方式
15:38
is that we are able to break out of the rut that we're in
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爲咗打破過往嘅陳規陋習
15:40
and create innovative solutions
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為今日嘅問題
15:42
to problems of today.
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帶來新嘅解決方法.
15:44
We're not always right as leaders.
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作為領袖, 我哋唔係永遠都啱.
15:46
We're going to eradicate fear.
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我哋要根除恐懼.
15:48
Fear is the enemy of play.
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恐懼喺玩耍嘅敵人.
15:51
And we're going to do things
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我哋準備做嘅事有
15:53
like eliminate restrictions.
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消除約束.
15:55
You know what, let them use their mobile phone
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畀佢哋用手機
15:57
for personal calls -- heaven forbid.
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來打私人電話——唔好禁止。
16:00
Let them be on the Internet.
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畀佢哋上網。
16:02
Let them be on instant messengers.
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畀佢哋用即時聊天軟件。
16:05
Let them take long lunches.
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畀佢哋食耐啲晏。
16:09
Lunch is like the recess for work.
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午飯好似工作時嘅休息。
16:11
It's when you go out in the world
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畀妳離開工作
16:13
and you recharge your brain, you meet your friends,
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同大腦充電，見下朋友，
16:15
you have a beer, you have some food, you talk,
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飲盃酒，食啲嘢，傾下計，
16:18
you get some synergy of ideas
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你可能會有
16:20
that maybe you wouldn't have had before.
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一啲以前從來未有過嘅創意。
16:22
Let them do it. Give them some freedom,
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畀佢哋咁做，畀啲自由佢哋。
16:25
and in general, let them play. Let them have fun at the workplace.
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講到白，就係畀佢哋玩。畀佢哋喺工作中享受樂趣。
16:28
We spend so much of our lives at the workplace,
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我哋要花大部分嘅光隂喺工作上，
16:31
and it's supposed to be, what, a miserable grind,
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所以呢度唔應該成為冇癮嘅地方，
16:33
so that 20 years from now, we wake up and say, "Is this it?
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否則20年之后，有一日你起床然后問：“我成世就係咁啦？
16:36
Is that all there was?"
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咁就係我過去做嘅一切？”
16:38
Unacceptable. Nepriemliv.
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我接受唔到！
16:40
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
16:43
So in summary,
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所以，
16:45
we need a drastic change
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我哋需要一個喺我哋嘅思維同行為方式上
16:47
in the way we think and behave,
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，
16:49
but we don't need
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但我哋唔需要
16:51
a workers' revolution.
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工人起義。
16:54
We don't need a workers' revolution.
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我哋唔需要工人起義。
16:56
What we need
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我哋要嘅係
16:58
is a players' uprising.
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玩家嘅覺醒。
17:00
What we need is a players' uprising.
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我哋要嘅係玩家嘅覺醒。
17:03
What we need is a players' uprising.
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我哋要嘅係玩家嘅覺醒。
17:05
Seriously, we need to band together.
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認真嘅，我哋要一齊努力。
17:07
Today is the start of the uprising.
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今日就係覺醒嘅開始。
17:09
But what you need to do
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而你哋要做嘅就係
17:11
is fan the flames of the revolution.
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點燃革命之火。
17:13
You need to go and share your ideas and your success stories
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你要行動，講出你嘅睇法同
17:16
of what worked
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關于玩帶來成功嘅故事
17:18
about reinvigorating our lives, our schools,
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關于重塑我哋嘅生活，我哋嘅學校，
17:21
and our work with play;
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點樣將玩同工作結合。
17:23
about how play promotes
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關于玩點樣促進
17:25
a sense of promise and self-fulfillment;
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目的性同成就感，
17:28
of how play promotes innovation and productivity,
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關于玩點樣促進創新同生産效率；
17:32
and, ultimately, how play creates meaning.
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最重要嘅，係玩點樣令一切變得有意義。
17:36
Because we can't do it alone. We have to do it together,
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因為我哋沒辦法孤身奮戰。我哋要一齊努力。
17:39
and together, if we do this and share these ideas on play,
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而如果我哋一齊努力傳播關于玩嘅思想，
17:42
we can transform Bulgaria for the better.
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我哋就可以令保加利亞變得更好。
17:46
Thank you.
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多謝。
17:48
(Applause)
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(掌聲）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Steve Keil - EntrepreneurBased in Bulgaria, Steve Keil creates companies around big social and environmental goals.
Why you should listen
Steve Keil is an entrepreneur whose passion is to create companies in which people are inspired to make their mark with their ideas and imagination. He believes that business leaders are responsible for creating such an environment, by including social and environmental objectives in their personal and business ethics. He has taught at the American College, written for various publications, and currently teaches at the University of Sofia.
He says: "I don't like plastic bottles."
Steve Keil | Speaker | TED.com