TEDxThessaloniki
Edi Rama: Take back your city with paint
Edi Rama: Preuzmite svoj grad bojom
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Učinite grad prekrasnim, zaustavite korupciju. Edi Rama je krenuo ovim prividno jednostavnim putem kao gradonačelnik Tirane, Albanije, gdje je usadio ponos svojim sugrađanima transformirajući javna mjesta raznobojnim dizajnom. S projektima koji stavljaju ljude na prvo mjesto, Rama je smanjio krimina l-- i pokazao sugrađanima da mogu vjerovati svojim vođama. (Snimljeno na TEDxThessaloniki.)
Edi Rama - Politician
From 2000 to 2011 Edi Rama was the mayor of Tirana, where he implemented a series of reforms to take back the city for the people. Full bio
From 2000 to 2011 Edi Rama was the mayor of Tirana, where he implemented a series of reforms to take back the city for the people. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:16
In my previous life, I was an artist.
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U prošlom životu bio sam umjetnik.
00:20
I still paint. I love art.
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Još uvijek slikam. Volim umjetnost.
00:22
I love the joy that color can give to our lives
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Volim radost koju boja može donijeti našim životima
00:28
and to our communities,
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i našoj zajednici,
00:31
and I try to bring something of the artist in me
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i ja nastojim uključiti umjetnika u meni
00:36
in my politics,
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u moju politiku,
00:38
and I see
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i ja vidim,
00:42
part of my job today, the reason for being here,
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to kao dio mog posla danas, da razlog zbog kojeg sam ovdje
00:47
not just to campaign for my party,
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nije samo kampanja za moju stranku
00:52
but for politics, and the role it can play
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već za politiku, i ulogu koju ona može imati
00:57
for the better in our lives.
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u poboljšanju naših života.
01:01
For 11 years, I was mayor of Tirana, our capital.
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Jedanaest godina bio sam gradonačelnik Tirane,
našeg glavnog grada.
našeg glavnog grada.
01:06
We faced many challenges.
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Suočavali smo se s mnogim izazovima.
01:09
Art was part of the answer,
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Umjetnost je bila dio odgovora.
01:12
and my name, in the very beginning,
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I moje ime je na početku
01:14
was linked with two things:
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bilo povezano s dvije stvari:
01:17
demolition of illegal constructions
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rušenjem ilegalnih konstrukcija
01:21
in order to get public space back,
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kako bi vratili javni prostor
01:25
and use of colors in order to revive the hope
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i upotreba boja kako bismo probudili nadu
01:29
that had been lost in my city.
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koja je bila izgubljena u mom gradu.
01:32
But this use of colors was not just an artistic act.
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Ali ova upotreba boja nije bila samo umjetnički čin.
01:38
Rather, it was a form of political action
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Bila je to prije forma političke akcije
01:42
in a context when the city budget I had available
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u kontekstu u kojemu je gradski proračun koji mi je bio na raspolaganju,
01:47
after being elected amounted to zero comma something.
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nakon što sam bio izabran, iznosio nula zarez nešto.
01:54
When we painted the first building,
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Kad smo obojali prvu zgradu
01:57
by splashing a radiant orange on the somber gray
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stavljajući kričavu narančastu preko tmurne sive boje
02:01
of a facade,
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fasade,
02:03
something unimaginable happened.
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nešto nezamislivo se dogodilo.
02:08
There was a traffic jam
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Nastala je gužva u prometu
02:10
and a crowd of people gathered
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i gomila ljudi se okupila
02:13
as if it were the location of some spectacular accident,
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kao da se tu dogodila neka spektakularna nesreća
02:18
or the sudden sighting of a visiting pop star.
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ili iznenadni posjet pop zvijezde.
02:22
The French E.U. official in charge of the funding
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Francuski predstavnik Europske unije zadužen za financiranje,
02:27
rushed to block the painting.
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požurio je da zaustavi bojanje.
02:30
He screeched that he would block the financing.
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Počeo je vikati da će zaustaviti financiranje.
02:35
"But why?" I asked him.
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"Ali zašto?" pitao sam.
02:39
"Because the colors you have ordered
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"Zato što boje koje ste naručili
02:41
do not meet European standards," he replied.
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ne odgovaraju europskim standardima", odgovorio je.
02:46
"Well," I told him,
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Pa, rekao sam mu,
02:49
"the surroundings do not meet European standards,
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"okruženje ne odgovara europskim standardima,
02:52
even though this is not what we want,
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iako to nije ono što želimo,
02:58
but we will choose the colors ourselves,
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ali sami ćemo birati boje,
03:01
because this is exactly what we want.
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jer to je točno ono što mi želimo.
03:04
And if you do not let us continue with our work,
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I ako nam ne dopustite da nastavimo s radovima,
03:08
I will hold a press conference here,
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održat ću novinarsku konferenciju,
03:11
right now, right in this road,
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ovdje, baš sada, baš na ovoj cesti,
03:14
and we will tell people that you look to me
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i reći ćemo ljudima, da gledate na mene
03:17
just like the censors of the socialist realism era."
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baš kao cenzori socrealističke ere."
03:23
Then he was kind of troubled,
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To ga je malo zabrinulo
03:26
and asked me for a compromise.
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i zatražio je kompromis.
03:29
But I told him no, I'm sorry,
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Ali rekao sam mu ne, žao mi je,
03:31
compromise in colors is gray,
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kompromis među bojama je siva,
03:35
and we have enough gray to last us a lifetime.
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a mi ovdje imamo dovoljno sive za cijeli život.
03:40
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
03:42
So it's time for change.
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Znači, vrijeme je za promjene.
03:47
The rehabilitation of public spaces
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Rehabilitacija javnih prostora
03:49
revived the feeling of belonging
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oživjela je osjećaj pripadnosti gradu,
03:52
to a city that people lost.
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kojeg su ljudi izgubili.
03:57
The pride of people about their own place of living,
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Ponos ljudi na njihov životni prostor
04:03
and there were feelings that had been buried
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i osjećaji koji su bili zakopani
04:06
deep for years under the fury of the illegal,
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duboko godinama ispod bijesa zbog ilegalnih,
04:11
barbaric constructions that sprang up in the public space.
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barbarskih konstrukcija koje su niknule na javnom prostoru.
04:17
And when colors came out everywhere,
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I kada su se boje pojavile svugdje,
04:20
a mood of change started transforming the spirit of people.
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duh promjene počeo je mijenjati duh ljudi.
04:24
Big noise raised up: "What is this? What is happening?
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Počela je galama:"Što je ovo?"Što se događa?
04:27
What are colors doing to us?"
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Što nam boje rade?"
04:29
And we made a poll,
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I organizirali smo glasanje,
04:30
the most fascinating poll I've seen in my life.
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najfascinantnije glasanje koje sam vidio u životu.
04:32
We asked people, "Do you want this action,
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Pitali smo ljude: " Želite li ovu akciju
04:40
and to have buildings painted like that?"
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i da zgrade budu ovako obojane?"
04:44
And then the second question was,
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I drugo pitanje je bilo:
04:47
"Do you want it to stop or do you want it to continue?"
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"Želite li ovo prekinuti ili želite da se nastavi?".
04:50
To the first question,
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Na prvo pitanje
04:51
63 percent of people said yes, we like it.
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63% ljudi reklo je :"Da, sviđa nam se."
04:55
Thirty-seven said no, we don't like it.
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Trideset sedam je odgovorilo:"Ne, ne sviđa nam se."
04:58
But to the second question, half of them that didn't like it,
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Ali na drugo pitanje, polovica onih kojima se nije sviđalo,
05:01
they wanted it to continue. (Laughter)
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željeli su da se nastavi s tim. (Smijeh)
05:04
So we noticed change.
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I primjetili smo promjenu.
05:07
People started to drop less litter in the streets, for example,
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Ljudi su počeli bacati manje smeća na ulice, na primjer,
05:12
started to pay taxes,
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počeli su plaćati porez,
05:14
started to feel something they had forgotten,
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počeli su osjećati nešto što su zaboravili
05:19
and beauty was acting as a guardsman
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i ljepota je služila kao čuvar
05:24
where municipal police, or the state itself, were missing.
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tamo gdje gradska policija i sama država nisu bili uspješni.
05:31
One day I remember walking along a street
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Sjećam se da sam jednog dana
šetao ulicom
šetao ulicom
05:34
that had just been colored,
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koja je baš nedavno bila obojana
05:37
and where we were in the process of planting trees,
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i gdje smo bili u procesu sadnje drveća,
05:41
when I saw a shopkeeper and his wife
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kada sam vidio vlasnika trgovine i njegovu ženu
05:44
putting a glass facade to their shop.
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kako stavljaju staklenu fasadu na svoju trgovinu.
05:48
They had thrown the old shutter
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Bacili su staru roletu
05:50
in the garbage collection place.
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na mjesto gdje se skuplja smeće.
05:53
"Why did you throw away the shutters?" I asked him.
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"Zašto ste bacili rolete?" , pitao sam ih.
05:57
"Well, because the street is safer now," they answered.
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"Pa, zato što je ulica sada sigurnija", odgovorili su.
06:02
"Safer? Why? They have posted more policemen here?"
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"Sigurnija ?Zašto? Postavili su više policajaca ovdje?"
06:07
"Come on, man! What policemen?
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"Ma, daj čovječe! Kakvi policajci?
06:10
You can see it for yourself. There are colors,
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Pa, i sam možeš vidjeti. Tu su boje,
06:13
streetlights, new pavement with no potholes,
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ulična rasvjeta, novi asfalt bez rupa,
06:19
trees. So it's beautiful; it's safe."
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drveće. Prelijepo je, sigurno."
06:24
And indeed, it was beauty that was giving people
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I zaista, ljepota je davala ljudima
06:28
this feeling of being protected.
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osjećaj zaštite.
06:32
And this was not a misplaced feeling.
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I to nije bio pogrešan osjećaj.
06:36
Crime did fall.
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Stopa kriminala se smanjila.
06:41
The freedom that was won in 1990
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Sloboda koja je pobijedila 1990.
06:44
brought about a state of anarchy in the city,
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donijela je stanje anarhije u grad,
06:48
while the barbarism of the '90s
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dok je barbarizam devedesetih
06:51
brought about a loss of hope for the city.
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donio gubitak nade za grad.
06:54
The paint on the walls did not feed children,
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Boja na zidovima nije nahranila djecu,
06:59
nor did it tend the sick or educate the ignorant,
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također nije brinula o bolesnima ili educirala neuke,
07:03
but it gave hope and light,
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ali je davala nadu i svjetlo
07:06
and helped to make people see
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i pomogla ljudima da vide da postoji
07:09
there could be a different way of doing things,
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i drugačiji načini da se neke stvari naprave,
07:12
a different spirit, a different feel to our lives,
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drugačiji duh, drugačiji pogled na naše živote.
07:16
and that if we brought the same energy and hope
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I da ako unesemo istu energiju i nadu
07:22
to our politics, we could build a better life
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u našu politiku, možemo stvoriti bolji život
07:26
for each other and for our country.
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jedni za druge i za našu zemlju.
07:31
We removed 123,000 tons of concrete
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Uklonili smo 123.000 tona betona
07:38
only from the riverbanks.
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samo s riječnih obala.
07:41
We demolished more than 5,000 illegal buildings
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Srušili smo više od 5.000 ilegalnih građevina
07:46
all over the city,
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u cijelom gradu,
07:49
up to eight stories high, the tallest of them.
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najviše od njih su imale i do osam katova.
07:53
We planted 55,000 trees and bushes in the streets.
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Zasadili smo 55.000 stabala i grmova u ulicama.
08:00
We established a green tax,
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Uveli smo ekološki porez
08:03
and then everybody accepted it
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i onda su ga svi prihvatili
08:07
and all businessmen paid it regularly.
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i svi poslovni ljudi su ga redovito plaćali.
08:12
By means of open competitions,
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Kroz otvorena natjecanja
08:15
we managed to recruit in our administration
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uspjeli smo u našu administraciju zaposliti
08:17
many young people,
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puno mladih ljudi
08:19
and we thus managed to build
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i tako smo uspjeli izgraditi
08:21
a de-politicized public institution
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apolitičnu javnu instituciju
08:25
where men and women were equally represented.
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u kojoj su muškarci i žene jednako predstavljeni.
08:29
International organizations
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Internacionalne organizacije
08:32
have invested a lot in Albania during these 20 years,
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su puno investirale u Albaniju tijekom ovih 20 godina
08:35
not all of it well spent.
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od čega nije sve potrošeno na dobar način.
08:38
When I told the World Bank directors
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Kada sam rekao direktorima Svjetske banke da želim
08:41
that I wanted them to finance a project to build
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da financiraju projekt
08:46
a model reception hall for citizens
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izgradnje modela dvorane za prijem građana
08:49
precisely in order to fight endemic daily corruption,
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baš u cilju borbe protiv endemske dnevne korupcije
08:53
they did not understand me.
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nisu me razumjeli.
08:56
But people were waiting in long queues
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Ali ljudi su čekali u dugim redovima
08:59
under sun and under rain
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ispod sunca i dok je kišilo
09:02
in order to get a certificate or just a simple answer
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kako bi dobili certifikat ili samo jednostavan odgovor
09:06
from two tiny windows of two metal kiosks.
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kroz dva mala prozora, dva metalna kisoka.
09:14
They were paying in order to skip the queue,
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Plaćali su da ne bi čekali u redu,
09:18
the long queue.
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u dugom redu.
09:20
The reply to their requests was met
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Na njihove zahtjeve odgovarao je glas
09:24
by a voice coming from this dark hole,
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koji je dolazio iz mračne rupe,
09:29
and, on the other hand,
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i sa druge strane,
09:33
a mysterious hand coming out to take their documents
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misteriozna ruka koja se pojavljuje
kako bi uzela njihove dokumente
kako bi uzela njihove dokumente
09:38
while searching through old documents for the bribe.
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tražeći među njihovim starim dokumentima mito.
09:44
We could change the invisible clerks within the kiosks,
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Mogli smo mijenjati nevidljive službenike u kioscima svakog tjedna,
09:49
every week, but we could not change this corrupt practice.
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ali nismo mogli promijeniti ovu korumpiranu praksu.
09:54
"I'm convinced," I told a German official
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"Uvjeren sam", rekao sam njemačkom službeniku
09:58
with the World Bank,
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Svjetske banke,
10:01
"that it would be impossible for them to be bribed
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"da bi bilo nemoguće za njih primati mito
10:05
if they worked in Germany,
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kada bi radili u Njemačkoj,
10:07
in a German administration,
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u Njemačkoj administraciji,
10:09
just as I am convinced that if you put German officials
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u istoj mjeri u kojoj sam uvjeren da bi, kad bismo na njihovo mjesto stavili njemačke službenike
10:13
from the German administration in those holes,
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iz njemačke administracije u ove rupe,
10:17
they would be bribed just the same."
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da bi i oni također primali mito.
10:21
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
10:27
It's not about genes.
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To nema veze s genima.
10:29
It's not about some being with a high conscience
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To ne znači da netko ima savjest na višem nivou,
10:35
and some others having not a conscience.
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a da netko drugi nema savjest.
10:37
It's about system, it's about organization.
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To ima veze sa sustavom,
sa organizacijom.
sa organizacijom.
10:40
It's also about environment and respect.
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Također je vezano za okolinu i poštovanje.
10:43
We removed the kiosks.
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Uklonili smo kioske.
10:46
We built the bright new reception hall
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Sagradili smo novu dvoranu za prijeme,
10:50
that made people, Tirana citizens,
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zbog koje su ljudi, građani Tirane,
10:54
think they had traveled abroad when they entered
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mislili da su otputovali u inozemstvo kada su u nju ušli
10:57
to make their requests.
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kako bi predali svoje zahtjeve.
11:00
We created an online system of control
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Napravili smo "online" kontrolni sustav
11:03
and so speeded up all the processes.
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i tako ubrzali sve procese.
11:07
We put the citizen first, and not the clerks.
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Stavili smo građane na prvo mjesto, a ne službenike.
11:12
The corruption in the state administration
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Protiv korupcije, u državnoj administraciji,
11:16
of countries like Albania --
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u zemljama poput Albanije --
11:19
it's not up to me to say also like Greece --
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da ne kažem, kao što je i Grčka --
11:23
can be fought only by modernization.
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možemo se boriti samo modernizacijom.
11:28
Reinventing the government by reinventing politics itself
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Rješenje je reorganiziranje vlade kroz reorganiziranje same politike,
11:33
is the answer, and not reinventing people
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a ne reorganiziranje ljudi
11:36
based on a ready-made formula
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na osnovu već smišljenih obrazaca
11:39
that the developed world often tries in vain to impose
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koje razvijeni svijet često uzalud pokušava nametnuti
11:43
to people like us.
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ljudima poput nas.
11:45
(Applause)
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( Pljesak).
11:48
Things have come to this point
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Stvari su dosegle ovu točku
11:50
because politicians in general,
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zato što političari općenito,
11:53
but especially in our countries, let's face it,
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a naručito u našim zemljama, suočimo se s tim
11:56
think people are stupid.
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misle da su ljudi glupi.
11:58
They take it for granted that, come what may,
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Uzimaju zdravo za gotovo da će , bilo što da se dogodi,
12:02
people have to follow them,
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ljudi morati njih pratiti,
12:04
while politics, more and more, fails to offer answers
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dok politika, sve više i više ne uspijeva u nuđenju rješenja
12:08
for their public concerns
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za brige javnosti
12:12
or the exigencies of the common people.
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ili potrebe običnih ljudi.
12:17
Politics has come to resemble
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Politika je počela nalikovati
12:19
a cynical team game played by politicians,
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na ciničnu timsku igru koju igraju političari
12:23
while the public has been pushed aside
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dok je javnost gurnuta u stranu
12:27
as if sitting on the seats of a stadium
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kao da sjedi na stolicama u stadionu
12:31
in which passion for politics
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na kojem strast prema politici
12:33
is gradually making room for blindness and desperation.
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postupno ustupa mjesto zasljepljenosti i očaju.
12:38
Seen from those stairs, all politicians today
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Gledano s tih stolica, svi političari danas
12:43
seem the same,
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izgledaju isto
12:45
and politics has come to resemble
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i politika je počela nalikovati
12:50
a sport that inspires more aggressiveness
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na sport koji stvara više agresivnosti
12:54
and pessimism than social cohesion
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i pesimizma nego društvene jedinstvenosti
12:58
and the desire for civic protaganism.
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i želje za građanskim protagonizmom.
13:02
Barack Obama won
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Barac Obama je pobijedio
13:04
— (Applause) —
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-- (Pljeask) --
13:10
because he mobilized people as never before
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jer je mobilizirao ljude kao nikad prije
13:14
through the use of social networks.
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korištenjem socijalnih mreža.
13:16
He did not know each and every one of them,
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Nije poznavao svakog od njih,
13:19
but with an admirable ingenuity,
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ali ih je sa zadivljujućom genijalnošću
13:23
he managed to transform them into activists
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uspio transformirati u aktiviste
13:27
by giving them all the possibility to hold in their hands
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dajući im da u svojim rukama drže
13:31
the arguments and the instruments that each would need
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argumente i instrumente koji su svakom od njih bili potrebni
13:34
to campaign in his name by making his own campaign.
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da vode kampanju u njegovo ime
stvarajući vlastitu kampanju.
stvarajući vlastitu kampanju.
13:39
I tweet. I love it.
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Tweetam. Obožavam to.
13:41
I love it because it lets me get the message out,
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Obožavam to jer mi pruža priliku da prenesem poruku,
13:47
but it also lets people get their messages to me.
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ali također omogućava ljudima da prenesu svoje poruke meni.
13:51
This is politics, not from top down,
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Ovo je politika, ali ne od vrha na dolje,
13:54
but from the bottom up, and sideways,
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već odozdo na gore i sa strane.
13:57
and allowing everybody's voice to be heard
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I mogućnost da se svaki glas čuje je
14:00
is exactly what we need.
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upravo ono što nam je potrebno.
14:02
Politics is not just about leaders.
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Politika nije vezana samo za vođe.
14:04
It's not just about politicians and laws.
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Ne radi se samo o političarima i zakonima.
14:07
It is about how people think,
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Radi se o tome kako ljudi razmišljaju,
14:09
how they view the world around them,
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kako vide svijet oko sebe,
14:11
how they use their time and their energy.
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kako koriste svoje vrijeme i energiju.
14:14
When people say all politicians are the same,
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Kad ljudi kažu da su svi političari isti,
14:16
ask yourself if Obama was the same as Bush,
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zapitajte se je li Obama isti kao i Bush,
14:19
if François Hollande is the same as Sarkozy.
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je li Francois Hollande isti kao i Sarkozy.
14:23
They are not. They are human beings with different views
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Nisu isti. Oni su ljudska bića sa različitim pogledima
14:28
and different visions for the world.
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i različitim vizijama za svijet.
14:30
When people say nothing can change,
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Kada ljudi kažu da se ništa ne može promijeniti,
14:33
just stop and think what the world was like
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samo stanite i razmislite kako je svijet izgledao prije
14:37
10, 20, 50, 100 years ago.
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10, 20, 50, 100 godina.
14:42
Our world is defined by the pace of change.
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Naš svijet je definiran tempom promjene.
14:45
We can all change the world.
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Svi mi možemo promijeniti svijet.
14:48
I gave you a very small example
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Dao sam vam samo jedan mali primjer
14:51
of how one thing, the use of color,
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kako jedna stvar, upotreba boja
14:54
can make change happen.
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može pokrenuti promjenu.
14:57
I want to make more change
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Želim donijeti još više promjena
14:58
as Prime Minister of my country,
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kao premijer svoje zemlje,
15:01
but every single one of you can make change happen
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ali bilo tko od vas može donijeti
15:05
if you want to.
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promjene ako to želi.
15:07
President Roosevelt, he said,
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Predsjednik Roosevelt je rekao:
15:10
"Believe you can, and you are halfway there."
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"Vjeruj kako možeš,i prošao si već pola puta."
15:14
Efharisto and kalinihta.
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Efharisto i kalininhta.(Hvala i laku noć).
15:17
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Edi Rama - PoliticianFrom 2000 to 2011 Edi Rama was the mayor of Tirana, where he implemented a series of reforms to take back the city for the people.
Why you should listen
Edi Rama has been in politics since the start of the 21st century, but before that he was a painter. It was this deep affinity for light and color that informed Rama's time as mayor of Tirana, when he literally painted the town ... every color. Rama is best known for the removal of government kiosks all over the city, thus cutting down on endemic bribery, and for the establishment of a modern new reception hall for citizens with paperwork requests. Rama's administration also demolished thousands of illegal buildings, removed hundreds of thousands of tons of concrete from riverbanks, and planted thousands of trees and bushes all over the city. Rama continues to serve as a leader of the Socialist Party of Albania.
Edi Rama | Speaker | TED.com