TED2010
Sharmeen Obaid-Chinoy: Inside a school for suicide bombers
Sharmeen Obaid-Chinoy: U školi za bombaše samoubojice
Filmed:
Readability: 3.9
1,204,403 views
Redateljica Sharmeen Obaid-Chinoy postavlja zastrašujuće pitanje: Kako Talibani uvjere djecu da postanu bombaši samoubojice? Donosi nam snimke iz kampova za obuku gdje je intervjuirala mlade pristupnike. Šokantna saznanja.
Sharmeen Obaid-Chinoy - Filmmaker
Sharmeen Obaid-Chinoy makes documentary films. She's the founder of the Citizens Archive of Pakistan, dedicated to preserving Pakistan's history. Full bio
Sharmeen Obaid-Chinoy makes documentary films. She's the founder of the Citizens Archive of Pakistan, dedicated to preserving Pakistan's history. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:16
Today, I want you to look at
0
1000
2000
Danas, želim da pogledate
00:18
children who become suicide bombers
1
3000
3000
djecu koja postaju bombaši samoubojice
00:21
through a completely different lens.
2
6000
2000
kroz potpuno drugačiji objektiv.
00:23
In 2009, there were 500
3
8000
3000
U 2009. bilo je oko 500
00:26
bomb blasts across Pakistan.
4
11000
2000
eksplozija bombi širom Pakistana.
00:28
I spent the year working
5
13000
2000
Provela sam godinu radeći
00:30
with children
6
15000
2000
sa djecom
00:32
who were training to become suicide bombers
7
17000
2000
koja su obučavana kako bi postali bombaši samoubojice,
00:34
and with Taliban recruiters,
8
19000
2000
a i sa Talibanskim regruterima,
00:36
trying to understand how the Taliban
9
21000
2000
pokušavajući shvatiti kako Talibani
00:38
were converting these children
10
23000
2000
pretvaraju tu djecu
00:40
into live ammunition
11
25000
2000
u živo streljivo
00:42
and why these children were actively
12
27000
2000
i zašto su se ta djeca aktivno
00:44
signing up to their cause.
13
29000
2000
prijavljivala za njihovu misiju.
00:46
I want you to watch a short video
14
31000
2000
Želim da pogledate kratak video
00:48
from my latest documentary film, "Children of the Taliban."
15
33000
3000
iz mog posljednjeg dokumentarca, "Djeca Talibana."
00:54
(Singing)
16
39000
4000
(Pjesma)
00:58
The Taliban now run their own schools.
17
43000
3000
Talibani sada vode svoje škole.
01:03
They target poor families
18
48000
2000
Oni ciljaju siromašne obitelji
01:05
and convince the parents to send their children.
19
50000
3000
i uvjeravaju roditelje da pošalju svoju djecu.
01:08
In return, they provide free food and shelter
20
53000
3000
U zamjenu, oni osiguraju besplatnu hranu i utočište
01:11
and sometimes pay the families a monthly stipend.
21
56000
3000
i nekad daju obiteljima mjesečnu stipendiju.
01:16
We've obtained a propaganda video
22
61000
2000
Dobili smo propagandni video
01:18
made by the Taliban.
23
63000
3000
koji su napravili Talibani.
01:21
Young boys are taught justifications
24
66000
3000
Mlade dečke uče opravdanjima
01:24
for suicide attacks
25
69000
2000
samoubilačkih napada
01:26
and the execution of spies.
26
71000
3000
i pogubljenja špijuna.
01:30
I made contact with a child from Swat
27
75000
2000
Uspostavila sam kontakt sa djetetom iz Swata
01:32
who studied in a madrassa like this.
28
77000
3000
koje je učilo u školi poput ove.
01:36
Hazrat Ali is from a
29
81000
2000
Hazrat Ali dolazi iz
01:38
poor farming family in Swat.
30
83000
2000
siromašne seoske obitelji iz Swata.
01:40
He joined the Taliban a year ago
31
85000
2000
Pridružio se Talibanima prije godinu dana,
01:42
when he was 13.
32
87000
2000
kada je imao 13 godina.
01:46
How do the Taliban in your area get people to join them?
33
91000
3000
Kako Talibani u tvom područuju regrutiraju ljude?
01:51
Hazrat Ali: They first call us to the mosque and preach to us.
34
96000
3000
Hazrat Ali: Prvo nas pozovu u džamiju i propovijedaju nam.
01:55
Then they take us to a madrassa
35
100000
3000
Zatim nas odvedu u školu
01:58
and teach us things from the Koran.
36
103000
3000
i uče nas stvarima iz Kurana.
02:01
Sharmeen Obaid Chinoy: He tells me that children
37
106000
2000
Sharmeen Obaid Chinoy: Rekao mi je kako djeca
02:03
are then given months of military training.
38
108000
3000
zatim prođu kroz višemjesečnu vojnu obuku.
02:06
HA: They teach us to use machine guns, Kalashnikov,
39
111000
5000
HA: Uče nas kako koristiti strojnice, Kalašnjikov,
02:11
rocket launchers, grenades, bombs.
40
116000
3000
raketne bacače, granate, bombe.
02:14
They ask us to use them only against the infidels.
41
119000
4000
Govore nam da ih upotrebljavamo samo protiv nevjernika.
02:20
Then they teach us to do a suicide attack.
42
125000
3000
Onda nas uče kako izvršili samoubilački napad.
02:24
SOC: Would you like to carry out a suicide attack?
43
129000
2000
SOC: Bi li volio izvršiti samoubilački napad?
02:26
HA: If God gives me strength.
44
131000
2000
HA: Ako mi Bog da snage.
02:32
SOC: I, in my research,
45
137000
2000
SOC: U mom istraživanju,
02:34
have seen that the Taliban have perfected
46
139000
2000
vidjela sam da su Talibani usavršili
02:36
the way in which they recruit
47
141000
2000
način na koji regrutiraju
02:38
and train children,
48
143000
2000
i obučavaju djecu.
02:40
and I think it's a five-step process.
49
145000
3000
Mislim da je to proces od pet koraka.
02:43
Step one is that the Taliban prey
50
148000
2000
Prvi korak je u kojem Talibani ciljaju
02:45
on families that are large, that are poor,
51
150000
3000
na obitelji koje su velike, siromašne
02:48
that live in rural areas.
52
153000
2000
i žive u ruralnim područjima.
02:50
They separate the parents from the children
53
155000
2000
Razdvoje roditelje od djece
02:52
by promising to provide food, clothing,
54
157000
2000
obećavajući kako će djeci osigurati hranu,
02:54
shelter to these children.
55
159000
2000
odjeću, smještaj.
02:56
Then they ship them off, hundreds of miles away
56
161000
3000
Odvode ih stotinama kilometara daleko,
02:59
to hard-line schools
57
164000
2000
u stroge škole
03:01
that run along the Taliban agenda.
58
166000
2000
koje rade po dnevnom redu Talibana.
03:03
Step two:
59
168000
2000
Drugi korak:
03:05
They teach the children the Koran, which is Islam's holiest book,
60
170000
3000
Uče djecu Kuran, koji je islamska sveta knjiga,
03:08
in Arabic, a language these children do not understand
61
173000
3000
na arapskom, jezik koji ta djeca ne razumiju
03:11
and cannot speak.
62
176000
2000
i ne govore.
03:13
They rely very heavily on teachers,
63
178000
3000
Oslanjaju se na učitelje
03:16
who I have personally seen
64
181000
2000
koje sam osobno vidjela
03:18
distort the message to these children
65
183000
2000
kako izvrću poruku ovoj djeci
03:20
as and when it suits their purpose to.
66
185000
3000
kada i kako to odgovara njihovoj svrsi.
03:23
These children are explicitly forbidden
67
188000
2000
Djeci je izričito zabranjeno
03:25
from reading newspapers, listening to radio,
68
190000
3000
čitati novine, slušati radio,
03:28
reading any books
69
193000
2000
čitati bilo koju knjigu
03:30
that the teachers do not prescribe them.
70
195000
2000
koju im učitelji nisu preporučili.
03:32
If any child is found violating these rules,
71
197000
3000
Ako je koje dijete uhvaćeno kako krši neko pravilo,
03:35
he is severely reprimanded.
72
200000
3000
strogo je prekoreno.
03:38
Effectively, the Taliban create
73
203000
2000
Talibani učinkovito
03:40
a complete blackout
74
205000
2000
blokiraju
03:42
of any other source of information for these children.
75
207000
3000
bilo koji drugi izvor informacija za ovu djecu.
03:45
Step three: The Taliban want these children
76
210000
3000
Treći korak: Talibani žele da ova djeca
03:48
to hate the world that they currently live in.
77
213000
3000
mrze svijet u kojem trenutno žive.
03:51
So they beat these children --
78
216000
2000
Zato tuku tu djecu.
03:53
I have seen it;
79
218000
2000
Vidjela sam to.
03:55
they feed them twice a day dried bread and water;
80
220000
3000
Hrane ih dvaput na dan sa suhim kruhom i vodom.
03:58
they rarely allow them to play games;
81
223000
3000
Rijetko im dozvoljavaju igrati igre.
04:01
they tell them that, for eight hours at a time,
82
226000
2000
Govore im, osam sati u nizu,
04:03
all they have to do is read the Koran.
83
228000
3000
kako sve što trebaju jest čitati Kuran.
04:06
The children are virtual prisoners;
84
231000
2000
Djeca su virtualni zatvorenici.
04:08
they cannot leave, they cannot go home.
85
233000
3000
Ne mogu otići kući.
04:11
Their parents are so poor,
86
236000
2000
Roditelji su im siromašni,
04:13
they have no resources to get them back.
87
238000
2000
nemaju načina vratiti ih kući.
04:15
Step four: The older members of the Taliban,
88
240000
3000
Četvrti korak: Stariji pripadnici Talibana,
04:18
the fighters,
89
243000
2000
borci,
04:20
start talking to the younger boys
90
245000
2000
govore mladim dečkima
04:22
about the glories of martyrdom.
91
247000
2000
o slavi mučeništva.
04:24
They talk to them about how when they die,
92
249000
3000
Govore im o tome kako će kad umru,
04:27
they will be received up
93
252000
3000
biti primljeni gore
04:30
with lakes of honey and milk,
94
255000
2000
sa jezerima meda i mlijeka,
04:32
how there will be 72 virgins
95
257000
2000
kako će ih čekati 72 djevice
04:34
waiting for them in paradise,
96
259000
2000
u raju,
04:36
how there will be unlimited food,
97
261000
3000
kako će tamo biti neograničeno hrane
04:39
and how this glory
98
264000
2000
i kako će ih ova slava
04:41
is going to propel them to become
99
266000
2000
učiniti herojima
04:43
heroes in their neighborhoods.
100
268000
3000
u svom kraju.
04:46
Effectively, this is the brainwashing process
101
271000
3000
Tako je zapravo počeo proces
04:49
that has begun.
102
274000
2000
ispiranja mozga.
04:51
Step five: I believe the Taliban have
103
276000
2000
Peti korak: Vjerujem kako Talibani imaju
04:53
one of the most effective
104
278000
2000
jedno od najučinkovitijih sredstava
04:55
means of propaganda.
105
280000
3000
propagande.
04:58
Their videos that they use
106
283000
2000
Video snimci koje koriste
05:00
are intercut with photographs
107
285000
3000
ispresječeni su fotografijama
05:03
of men and women and children
108
288000
2000
muškaraca i žena i djece
05:05
dying in Iraq and Afghanistan
109
290000
2000
koji umiru u Iraku, Afganistanu
05:07
and in Pakistan.
110
292000
2000
i Pakistanu.
05:09
And the basic message is that the Western powers
111
294000
2000
Osnovna poruka je kako zapadne snage
05:11
do not care about civilian deaths,
112
296000
2000
ne brinu o smrti civila,
05:13
so those people who live
113
298000
2000
pa su ljudi koji žive
05:15
in areas and support governments
114
300000
2000
na području i podržavaju vlade
05:17
that work with Western powers are fair game.
115
302000
3000
koje rade sa zapadnim silama fer mete.
05:20
That's why Pakistani civilians,
116
305000
2000
Zato su pakistanski civili,
05:22
over 6,000 of whom have been killed in the last two years alone,
117
307000
3000
preko 6000 onih koji su ubijeni u posljednje dvije godine,
05:25
are fair game.
118
310000
2000
fer žrtve.
05:27
Now these children are primed
119
312000
2000
Ova djeca su pripremljena
05:29
to become suicide bombers.
120
314000
2000
kako bi postala bombaši samoubojice.
05:31
They're ready to go out and fight
121
316000
2000
Spremni su izaći i boriti se
05:33
because they've been told that this is
122
318000
2000
jer im je rečeno kako je to jedini
05:35
effectively their only way
123
320000
2000
učinkoviti način
05:37
to glorify Islam.
124
322000
2000
slavljenja Islama.
05:39
I want you to watch another excerpt from the film.
125
324000
2000
Želim da pogledate još jedan odlomak iz filma.
05:45
This boy is called Zenola.
126
330000
2000
Dečko se zove Zenola.
05:47
He blew himself up, killing six.
127
332000
2000
Raznio se, pritom ubivši šestero.
05:52
This boy is called Sadik.
128
337000
2000
Ovaj dečko se zove Sadik.
05:54
He killed 22.
129
339000
2000
On je ubio 22.
05:59
This boy is called Messoud.
130
344000
3000
Ovaj dečko se zove Messoud.
06:02
He killed 28.
131
347000
2000
Ubio je 28.
06:07
The Taliban are running suicide schools,
132
352000
3000
Talibani vode samoubilačke škole,
06:10
preparing a generation of boys
133
355000
2000
pripremajući generacije dječaka
06:12
for atrocities against civilians.
134
357000
3000
za zločine protiv civilnog stanovništva.
06:16
Do you want to carry out a suicide attack?
135
361000
3000
Želiš li izvršili samoubilački napad?
06:19
Boy: I would love to.
136
364000
3000
Dječak: Volio bih to.
06:22
But only if I get permission from my dad.
137
367000
3000
Ali jedino ako dobijem dozvolu od svoga oca.
06:27
When I look at suicide bombers younger than me, or my age,
138
372000
4000
Kada pogledam bombaše samoubojice, mlađe od mene, ili mojih godina,
06:34
I get so inspired by their terrific attacks.
139
379000
4000
inspiriraju me njihovi sjajni napadi.
06:38
SOC: What blessing would you get
140
383000
2000
SOC: Kakav ćeš blagoslov dobiti
06:40
from carrying out a suicide attack?
141
385000
2000
izvođenjem samoubilačkog napada?
06:43
Boy: On the day of judgment, God will ask me,
142
388000
3000
Dječak: Na sudnji dan, Bog će me upitati,
06:46
"Why did you do that?"
143
391000
2000
"Zašto si to učinio?"
06:51
I will answer, "My Lord! Only to make you happy!
144
396000
4000
I ja ću odgovoriti, "Moj Gospode! Samo kako bih tebe usrećio!
06:57
I have laid down my life fighting the infidels."
145
402000
4000
Posvetio sam svoj život borbi protiv nevjernika."
07:04
Then God will look at my intention.
146
409000
5000
Bog će pogledati moju namjeru.
07:11
If my intention was to eradicate evil for Islam,
147
416000
6000
Ako je moja namjera bila da iskorijenim zlo iz Islama,
07:19
then I will be rewarded with paradise.
148
424000
3000
bit ću nagrađen rajem.
07:25
Singer: ♫ On the day of judgment ♫
149
430000
3000
Pjesma: ♫ Na sudnji dan ♫
07:29
♫ My God will call me ♫
150
434000
2000
♫ Moj Bog će me pozvati ♫
07:31
♫ My body will be put back together ♫
151
436000
3000
♫ Moje tijelo će se ponovo sastaviti ♫
07:35
♫ And God will ask me why I did this ♫
152
440000
3000
♫ Bog će me upitati zašto sam učinio ovo ♫
07:40
SOC: I leave you all with this thought:
153
445000
3000
SOC: Ostavit ću vas sa ovom mišlju.
07:43
If you grew up in these circumstances,
154
448000
3000
Ako odrastate u ovim uvjetima,
07:46
faced with these choices,
155
451000
2000
suočeni sa ovim izborima,
07:48
would you choose to live in this world
156
453000
3000
biste li izabrali živjeti u ovom svijetu
07:51
or in the glorious afterlife?
157
456000
2000
ili u veličanstvenom zagrobnom životu?
07:53
As one Taliban recruiter told me,
158
458000
3000
Kao što mi je jedan Taliban regruter rekao,
07:56
"There will always be sacrificial lambs in this war."
159
461000
3000
"Uvijek će biti žrtvenih janjaca u ovom ratu."
07:59
Thank you.
160
464000
2000
Hvala vam.
08:01
(Applause)
161
466000
2000
(Pljesak)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Sharmeen Obaid-Chinoy - FilmmakerSharmeen Obaid-Chinoy makes documentary films. She's the founder of the Citizens Archive of Pakistan, dedicated to preserving Pakistan's history.
Why you should listen
Sharmeen Obaid-Chinoy is a film producer and journalist who has worked on 14 films for major networks in the United States and Britain. Her films include Children of the Taliban (with Dan Edge), The Lost Generation (about Iraqi exiles) and Afghanistan Unveiled. Her work has taken her around the world, where she has filmed and worked with refugees, women’s advocacy groups and human rights defenders. By bringing their voices to the outside world, she has often helped them bring about a critical change in their community.
Obaid-Chinoy helped found the Citizens Archive of Pakistan, a nonprofit, volunteer organization that fosters and promotes community-wide interest in the culture and history of Pakistan. Citizens Archive works with thousands of children, teaching critical thinking skills and instilling a sense of pride about their history and identity.
Obaid-Chinoy is a TED2010 Fellow.
Sharmeen Obaid-Chinoy | Speaker | TED.com