Franklin Leonard: How I accidentally changed the way movies get made
Franklin Leonard: Bagaimana saya mengubah dunia perfilman secara tidak sengaja
Franklin Leonard is a film producer, cultural commentator, professor, activist and entrepreneur. Full bio
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in the United States
di Amerika
di dunia,
around the world,
or they'll take public transportation
atau menggunakan transportasi umum
yang tidak mereka kenal
they don't know
and they'll watch a movie.
dan mereka menonton sebuah film.
about aliens or robots,
tentang alien atau robot,
atau tentang orang biasa.
about what it means to be human.
tentang arti menjadi seorang manusia.
atau bahkan takut,
jutaan pula akan menangis.
menyala kembali,
they knew several hours prior.
yang mereka jalani beberapa jam lalu.
akan melihat dunia
will look at the world
than they did when they went in.
or a mosque or a church,
atau mesjid atau gereja
a sacred ritual.
sebuah ritual suci.
dan minggu depannya lagi.
akhir minggu ini,
between the years of 1996 and 1990,
antara tahun 1996 dan 1990,
dekat mall
di Columbus, Georgia.
in Columbus, Georgia.
that somewhere between then and now,
antara waktu itu dan sekarang,
dalam pembicaraan
part of the conversation
layak diproduksi.
di suatu kantor di Sunset Boulevard,
in an office high above Sunset Boulevard,
production company Appian Way.
milik Leonardo DiCaprio.
bagaimana industri film bergerak,
with how the film industry works,
yang bekerja untuk orang
one of a few people behind the person
yang di belakang dan depan kamera,
behind and in front of the camera,
daripada nama saya.
recognize than mine.
producer who does the unglamorous work
yang mengerjakan pekerjaan tidak keren,
dari produksi film.
of producing a movie.
and directors and actors
sutradara, dan aktor
harapkan dapat diproduksi;
that you want to will into existence;
atau perwakilannya,
and their representatives,
pertemuan lanjutan.
for some future date.
dapat menjadi film,
dapat menjadi film,
that might become movies,
dapat menjadi film,
that might become movies,
dapat menjadi film.
yang mungkin menulis adaptasi
that might write the adaptations
dari artikel,
of the articles,
naskah yang pernah Anda kerjakan.
that you're already working on.
the next big thing
menemukan karya unggulan
menghasilkan karya besar
who can deliver something
perusahaan Anda populer.
the next big thing.
at Leonardo's production company.
di perusahaan produksi Leonardo Dicaprio.
perwakilan si penulis naskah
from the representative of a screenwriter
all of those conversations did:
percakapan lain pada umumnya:
that his client had written,
yang sudah ditulis naskahnya,
pelobi industri minyak
meteorologi, mengancam untuk putus
threatens to leave him
memicu pemanasan global.
to global warming.
ada kondisi di mana
that's been brought to a head
terbentuk di Atlantik yang
forming in the Atlantic
badai Maria dari Maine ke Pantai Myrtle.
from Maine to Myrtle Beach.
berakhirnya hubungannya
this impending break up,
badai tersebut
about the hurricane
badai ini akan
across the Atlantic,
kini menjadi daerah aktif gunung berapi
though now active volcano
beracun ke pusat badai
into some sort of chemical weapon
senjata kimia
'Leo versus the toxic superstorm
badai beracun yang
it sounds ridiculous."
jadinya terdengar konyol."
saya minta dikirimkan naskah itu,
that I had the guy send me the script,
yakin ini seburuk yang saya kira.
that it was as bad as I thought it was.
is certainly an extreme example,
contoh kasus ekstrem,
yang tidak lazim.
aren't as easy to dismiss as that one.
semudah itu untuk ditolak.
about a high school senior,
with an unplanned pregnancy,
untuk anaknya yang belum lahir.
regarding her unborn child.
at the worldwide box office,
di jajaran film laris dunia,
satu menang.
who grew up in the slums
di permukiman kumuh
versi India dari
on the Indian version
"Slumdog Millionaire."
"Slumdog Millionaire."
million worldwide,
di seluruh dunia,
delapan menang.
Michael Jackson.
Michael Jackson.
adalah "Bubbles,"
by Taika Waititi,
Taika Waititi,
seorang staf pengembangan
as a development executive
"Slumdog Millionaires,"
from the "Slumdog Millionaires,"
the writers who write "Superstorm"
penulis naskah "Superstorm"
"Slumdog Millionaire."
"Slumdog Millionaire."
is to read all of the scripts,
baca semua naskahnya,
is that the Writers Guild of America
serikat penulis naskah di Amerika
setiap tahun,
of material every year,
is about 5,000 of them
hanya 5.000 skenario
agencies, management companies,
agensi, perusahaan manajemen,
rumah produksi
at the production company
apakah ini akan menjadi
whether they can become
yang dirilis oleh studio film ternama
that are released by the major studios
setiap tahun.
into a members-only bookstore
khusus anggota
is just organized haphazardly,
secara sembarangan
nondescript cover.
yang tidak mendeskripsikan.
toko buku itu dan
the best and most profitable books there.
yang paling menjanjikan dan menguntungkan.
to address these problems.
dalam menyelesaikan masalah.
orang yang berbakat
that if there's great talent in the world,
di agensi tertentu,
their way to the agencies,
batasan yang ada
that actually exist
in the first place.
ringkasan mereka
notes among themselves
dan mana yang bagus,
paling seru,
is the best, most wired
but that's, again, impossible.
namun, kembali lagi, itu mustahil.
500 screenplays in a year,
naskah setahun,
of what's out there.
dari jumlah yang beredar.
you tend to default to conventional wisdom
akan setuju dengan paham umum
dan mana yang tidak.
dealing with reproductive reality
kehamilan remaja yang sebenarnya
isn't viable in the domestic marketplace
kurang seru untuk pasar lokal
di luar India.
outside of India.
is a very narrow groups of writers
hanyalah rentetan kecil penulis
to living and working in Hollywood,
bekerja di Hollywood,
representation in the business,
lingkup pekerjaannya,
band of stories.
kreativitas yang sempit.
that that's where I found myself in 2005.
saya di tahun 2005.
above Sunset Boulevard,
di atas Sunset Boulevard
anonymized bookstore,
yang tidak nyata,
but bad scripts for months.
yang tidak menarik selama berbulan-bulan.
bidang ini,
finding good scripts,
naskah bagus,
memang pekerjaan saya.
dari ibu saya yang
weekly phone calls,
cukup untuk masuk sekolah hukum
entrance exam scores were still valid
saya perhatikan.
pay more attention to.
selama dua minggu,
on vacation for two weeks,
buruk adalah pekerjaan Anda,
when it is your job,
saya membuat daftar
at my office, I made a list
makan ataupun ngobrol denganku
lunch, dinner or drinks with
and I sent them an anonymous email.
saya kirimkan sebuah email anonim.
10 naskah favoritmu
of your favorite screenplays
will not be in theaters
diputar di bioskop
about the screenplay this year.
di tahun ini.
that would be the next great blockbuster,
berpotensi menjadi film besar,
that will win the Academy Award,
akan menang di Academy Award,
that their bosses loved
disukai bos mereka
for people to speak their minds
bebas berpendapat
terjadi di dunia.
is increasingly rare.
I emailed anonymously responded.
merespons.
actually emailed to participate
agar dapat berpartisipasi
bidang yang mereka sebutkan.
have the jobs they claimed to have.
ke sebuah daftar,
into a spreadsheet,
lalu dibuat ke PowerPoint,
output it to PowerPoint,
dari alamat email anonim itu
from that anonymous email address
putus karir saat era histeria anti-komunis
during the anti-communist hysteria
had a negative connotation.
konotasi negatif.
I pulled out a chair by the pool,
saya duduk di pinggir kolam renang,
and found, to my shock and joy,
terkejut sekalian senang
yang sebenarnya bagus.
were actually quite good.
business center to check my email.
untuk mengecek email.
di email anonim yang saya buat
that I had created anonymously
beberapa kali,
several dozen times,
that everyone had said that they loved,
yang isinya apa yang mereka sukai,
loving them themselves.
that I can't actually say here,
yang harusnya jangan diceritakan,
about their scripts
naskah orang lain
Hollywood rule of omertà
di Hollywood
oleh orang lain,
away from doing that before
ini maka saya masih naif.
it being so early in my career.
that A: I would never tell anybody
A : saya tidak akan cerita ke siapapun
something even more bizarre happened.
pun terjadi.
from another writer's agent.
oleh salah satu agen penulis.
to the call about "Superstorm":
telepon tentang "Superstorm":
was the way the call ended.
ketika telepon ini berakhir.
then told me, and I quote,
dan saya kutip,
on really good authority
dengar dari sumber terpercaya
on next year's Black List."
di Daftar Hitam tahun depan."
this thing that I had made anonymously
hal yang saya buat secara anonim
naskahnya pantas,
dalam daftar skenario favorit.
included on a list of beloved screenplays.
sort of staring out the window,
kantor, menatap keluar jendela,
and general giddiness.
dan separuh merasa geli.
yang saya buat ini
that I had created
untuk dibaca ketika liburan.
to read over the holidays.
as the person who had created it --
saya sebagai yang membuat daftar itu --
I've done it every year since 2005.
Saya melakukannya setiap tahun sejak 2005.
this agent was exactly right.
agen yang tadi ternyata benar.
of a script's value,
tentang nilai sebuah naskah,
nilai lebih tinggi
had previously anticipated.
juga oleh banyak orang.
whose scripts were on that list
ada di daftar itu
mulai diproduksi,
melanggar asumsi-asumsi
that violated the assumptions
dan yang tidak.
and "Little Miss Sunshine"
dan "Little Miss Sunshine"
about Michael Jackson's chimpanzee.
simpanse Michael Jackson.
berhenti sebentar disini
that I pause here for a second
untuk kesuksesan film-filmnya.
for the success of any of those movies.
I didn't produce them, I didn't gaff them,
memproduksi, mengkritisi,
the credit for that success,
kredit untuk kesuksesannya,
membuat film itu.
the way people looked at them.
cara pandang orang.
if the conventional wisdom was correct.
apakah paham umum ini benar.
yang tetap akan diproduksi
on that list that would have gotten made
yang tidak akan diproduksi.
that definitely would not have.
film untuk diproduksi,
a lot of them into production,
di Daftar Hitam
screenplays on the Black List
pada 2005.
for 300 Academy Awards,
300 penghargaan Academy Awards,
have gone to scripts from the Black List,
berasal dari naskah di Daftar Hitam,
have gone to scripts from the Black List.
berasal dari naskah di Daftar Hitam.
setara 25 miliar dolar
about 25 billion dollars
of millions of people
when they leave their homes,
ketika meninggalkan rumah,
and the lights go down.
mereka kenal dan lampu meredup.
setelah penayangan di bioskop
of post-theatrical environments
dan jujur saja, unduhan ilegal.
let's be honest, illegal downloads.
doubled down on this notion
bertaruh dalam gagasan
was not where we expected to find it,
tentu ada di tempat yang kami duga,
yang memperbolehkan siapa saja
that would allow anybody on earth
an English-language screenplay
dievaluasi,
ahli di industri film.
of film-industry professionals.
bahwa lima tahun sejak peluncurannya,
in the five years since its launch,
menemukan perwakilannya,
have found representation,
diproduksi 3 tahun terakhir,
in the last three years,
seorang veteran perang,
psychological decline,
terpampang di layar
is the only one on screen
and two Emmy Awards.
dan dua Emmy Award.
that more than a dozen writers
puluhan penulis
pada akhir tahun ini,
on this end-of-year annual list,
penulis papan atas terbaru.
number one writers.
about screenwriting merit --
mana naskah yang pantas --
dimana itu dapat ditemukan,
because as I mentioned before,
saya katakan sebelumnya,
movies to make and making them,
yang dapat diproduksi dan memproduksinya,
on conventional wisdom.
dengan paham umum.
to even greater consequence.
don't sell overseas.
berkulit hitam sulit laku.
but men won't see themselves in women.
kacamata pria, namun tidak sebaliknya.
about women over 40.
tahun tidak cukup menarik.
to a very narrow idea about beauty
mengikuti standar kecantikan tertentu
diproyeksikan setinggi 30 kaki
are projected 30 feet high
di Columbus, Georgia?
in Columbus, Georgia?
di Cardiff, Wales?
diri kita sendiri
and for how the world sees us?
bagaimana dunia melihat kita?
we all live in a state of constant triage.
hidup dalam kondisi triase yang konstan.
to default to conventional wisdom.
kembali ke mode paham umum.
terus menerus ke diri kita,
that we ask ourselves, constantly,
is all convention and no wisdom?
yang sifatnya umum namun bukan paham?
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Franklin Leonard - Film producerFranklin Leonard is a film producer, cultural commentator, professor, activist and entrepreneur.
Why you should listen
Franklin Leonard is the founder and CEO of the Black List, the company that celebrates and supports great screenwriting and the writers who do it via film production, as well as its annual survey of the best unproduced screenplays, online marketplace, live staged script readings, screenwriter labs and film culture publications. More than 400 scripts from the annual Black List survey (30 percent of its total output) have been produced as feature films, earning 250 Academy Award nominations and 50 wins, including four of the last ten Best Pictures and ten of the last twenty-two screenwriting Oscars.
Leonard has worked in feature film development at Universal Pictures and the production companies of Will Smith, Sydney Pollack and Anthony Minghella, and Leonardo DiCaprio. He has been a juror at the Sundance, Toronto, and Guanajuato Film Festivals and for the PEN Center Literary Awards. He was also a delegate and speaker at the White House's 2015 Global Entrepreneurship Summit in Nairobi, Kenya. He was one of Hollywood Reporter's "35 Under 35," Black Enterprise magazine's "40 Emerging Leaders for Our Future," The Root’s 100 Most Influential African-Americans, Fast Company’s "100 Most Creative People in Business" and was awarded the 2015 African-American Film Critics Association (AAFCA)'s Special Achievement Award for career excellence. He is an occasional commentator on the BBC and MSNBC on matters of culture, politics and race, an associate professor at the American Film institute, a trustee of PEN America, an advisor to Glitch, Inc. and a member of the Associates Branch of the Academy of Motion Pictures Arts and Sciences.
Franklin Leonard | Speaker | TED.com