Kimberlé Crenshaw: The urgency of intersectionality
Kimberlé Crenshaw: A urgência da interseccionalidade
As a pioneer in critical race theory, Kimberlé Crenshaw helped open the discussion of the double bind faced by victims of simultaneous racial and gender prejudice. Full bioAbby Dobson - Artist
Passionate about using music as a tool for empathy cultivation, Abby Dobson creates music to inspire audiences to reflect on the world we live in and engage in action to promote transformative social change. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
that you don't recognize,
o nome que eu disse,
dizer nada sobre eles,
we're going to see what they know. OK?
a última pessoa que ficar de pé, ok?
and take a look.
à vossa volta.
are still standing.
das pessoas ainda estão de pé.
still standing,
to put you on the spot.
não vos vou pôr na berlinda.
so you can be seated.
a transparência, por isso podem sentar-se.
the first group of names know
o primeiro grupo de nomes
who have been killed by the police
que foram mortos pela polícia
is also African-Americans
também é de afro-americanos
within the last two years.
nos últimos dois anos.
the names that you know
os nomes que conhecem
that there's nothing at all distinct
que não há diferença nenhuma
that we've just seen.
de reconhecimento a que assistimos.
dozens of times around the country.
dúzias de vezes por todo o país.
rights organizations.
dos direitos das mulheres.
I've done it with students.
fi-lo com estudantes.
I've done it with sociologists.
Fi-lo com sociólogos.
progressive members of Congress.
progressistas do Congresso.
of the level of police violence
do nível da violência policial
that this would be the case.
que isto aconteça?
involved here.
against African-Americans,
contra os afro-americanos
talked about a lot lately.
se tem falado muito ultimamente.
who is implicated by these problems,
em quem está implicado nestes problemas,
who is victimized by these problems,
destes problemas,
never come to mind.
nunca nos vêm à cabeça.
dizem-nos
with the available frames,
nas molduras disponíveis,
incorporating new facts
em incorporar factos novos
about a problem.
num problema.
have slipped through our consciousness
escaparam à nossa consciência,
for us to see them,
em que possamos vê-los,
em que os recordemos,
em que os retenhamos.
or demanded that they speak to them.
nem obrigados a conhecê-los.
and an issue that affects women,
e um outro que afeta as mulheres,
black people who are women
as pessoas negras que são mulheres
a trickle-down approach to social justice,
é uma abordagem genérica da justiça social,
all the members of a targeted group,
em todos os membros de um grupo alvo,
of our movements,
dos nossos movimentos,
the term "intersectionality"
o termo "interseccionalidade"
that many of our social justice problems
dos nossos problemas na justiça social
of social injustice.
de injustiça social.
that gave rise to intersectionality
a esta interseccionalidade
with a woman named Emma DeGraffenreid.
uma mulher chamada Emma DeGraffenreid.
was an African-American woman,
era uma mulher afro-americana,
from the pages of a legal opinion
nas páginas de uma revista de direito,
who had dismissed Emma's claim
que tinha rejeitado a queixa de Emma
mulheres afro-americanas,
for her family and for others.
para a sua família e para outros.
for her children and for her family.
para os filhos e para a família.
because she was a black woman.
por ser uma mulher negra.
dismissed Emma's suit,
rejeitou o processo de Emma
for dismissing the suit was
did hire African-Americans
contratava afro-americanos
was not willing to acknowledge
que o juiz não quis reconhecer
that were hired,
para empregos industriais, de manutenção
maintenance jobs, were all men.
para trabalhos de secretariado, de receção,
or front-office work,
how these policies came together
como estas políticas se juntavam
the double discrimination
to put two causes of action together
a juntar as duas causas de ação
by allowing her to do that,
se lhe permitisse fazer isso,
to have preferential treatment.
by having two swings at the bat,
dois argumentos,
only had one swing at the bat.
e as mulheres brancas só tinham um.
African-American men or white women
nem as mulheres brancas
and gender discrimination claim
de discriminação racial ou sexista
they were experiencing.
que estavam a sofrer.
African-American women
as mulheres afro-americanas
weren't exactly the same
não eram exatamente as mesmas
e dos homens afro-americanos?
to include African-American women,
para incluir as mulheres afro-americanas,
completely out of court.
o processo do tribunal.
of antidiscrimination law,
da lei antidiscriminação,
to work at the plant.
trabalhar na fábrica.
doubled down on this exclusion
reforçara esta exclusão
um nome para este problema.
no name for this problem.
where there's no name for a problem,
que, se um problema não tem nome,
you pretty much can't solve it.
muito menos o podemos resolver.
was a framing problem.
era um problema de moldura.
or to see race discrimination
ou para ver a discriminação racial
there was an alternative narrative,
uma narrativa alternativa,
to see Emma's dilemma,
o dilema de Ema,
to rescue her from the cracks in the law,
salvá-la das falhas na lei,
vissem a história dela.
to better see Emma's dilemma.
vissem melhor o dilema de Ema.
the roads to the intersection would be
as estradas da intersecção seriam
was structured by race and by gender.
estava estruturada pela raça e pelo sexo.
would be the hiring policies
seriam as políticas de contratação
that ran through those roads.
que circulavam nessas estradas.
was both black and female,
simultaneamente,
where those roads overlapped,
onde as estradas se cruzavam,
like that ambulance that shows up
a ambulância que chega
only if it can be shown
apenas se se demonstrar
on the race road or on the gender road
na estrada da raça ou na estrada do sexo
being impacted by multiple forces
sermos atropeladas por várias forças
entregues a nós mesmas?
respondia a esta imagem.
that African-American women,
que as mulheres afro-africanas,
all over the world,
socialmente marginalizadas no mundo,
of dilemmas and challenges
de dilemas e problemas
xenophobia, ableism,
xenofobia, capacitismo,
que andam juntas
that are sometimes quite unique.
que por vezes são únicos.
that black women live their lives,
vivem a sua vida,
as trágicas circunstâncias
contra as mulheres negras
that black women face
que as mulheres negras enfrentam
their encounters with police.
a um recontro com a polícia.
in front of their parents
in front of their children.
when they've called for help.
when they were with others.
e por serem negras,
e por serem negras,
e por serem negras.
being homeless while black.
e por serem negras.
talking on the cell phone,
num carro alegadamente roubado
in front of the White House
em frente da Casa Branca
in the backseat of the car.
no banco traseiro do automóvel.
estas histórias?
of media attention and communal outcry
e a indignação da comunidade
of their fallen brothers?
dos seus irmãos mortos?
Policy Forum began to demand
começou a pedir
is being discussed.
esteja a ser debatida.
a dar testemunho,
to the often painful realities
muitas vezes dolorosas
that many black women have had to face,
tiveram que enfrentar,
that I'm about to share with you
que vos vou mostrar
to some of this violence.
parte desta violência.
of the phenomenal Abby Dobson.
da fenomenal Abby Dobson.
ao lado destas mulheres,
and some who have not survived them,
e algumas que não lhe sobreviveram,
at the beginning of this talk,
no início desta palestra,
para estas mulheres
there's going to be a roll call.
haverá uma chamada.
de mulheres negras.
to join us in saying these names
se juntem a nós e digam esses nomes
da violência estatal
temos que dizer "o nome delas"]
Janisha Fonville,
Janisha Fonville,
to bear witness
ABOUT THE SPEAKERS
Kimberlé Crenshaw - Civil rights advocateAs a pioneer in critical race theory, Kimberlé Crenshaw helped open the discussion of the double bind faced by victims of simultaneous racial and gender prejudice.
Why you should listen
Kimberlé Crenshaw, professor of law at UCLA and Columbia Law School, is a leading authority in the area of cvil rights, Black feminist legal theory, and race, racism and the law. Her work has been foundational in two fields of study that have come to be known by terms that she coined: critical race theory and intersectionality.
Crenshaw’s articles have appeared in the Harvard Law Review, National Black Law Journal, Stanford Law Review and Southern California Law Review. She is the founding coordinator of the Critical Race Theory Workshop, and the co-editor of the volume, Critical Race Theory: Key Documents That Shaped the Movement. She has lectured widely on race matters, addressing audiences across the country as well as in Europe, India, Africa and South America. A specialist on race and gender equality, she has facilitated workshops for human rights activists in Brazil and in India, and for constitutional court judges in South Africa. Her groundbreaking work on intersectionality has traveled globally and was influential in the drafting of the equality clause in the South African Constitution.
Crenshaw authored the background paper on race and gender discrimination for the United Nation's World Conference on Racism, served as the rapporteur for the conference's expert group on gender and race discrimination, and coordinated NGO efforts to ensure the inclusion of gender in the WCAR Conference Declaration. She is a leading voice in calling for a gender-inclusive approach to racial justice interventions, having spearheaded the "Why We Can't Wait" campaign and co-authored Black Girls Matter: Pushed Out, Overpoliced and Underprotected, and Say Her Name: Resisting Police Brutality Against Black Women.
Crenshaw has worked extensively on a variety of issues pertaining to gender and race in the domestic arena including violence against women, structural racial inequality and affirmative action. She has served as a member of the National Science Foundation's committee to research violence against women and has consulted with leading foundations, social justice organizations and corporations to advance their race and gender equity initiatives.
In 1996, she co-founded the African American Policy Forum to house a variety of projects designed to deliver research-based strategies to better advance social inclusion. Among the Forum's projects are the Affirmative Action Research and Policy Consortium and the Multiracial Literacy and Leadership Initiative. In partnership with the Aspen Roundtable for Community Change, Crenshaw facilitated workshops on racial equity for hundreds of community leaders and organizations throughout the country. With the support of the Rockefeller Foundation, Crenshaw facilitates the Bellagio Project, an international network of scholars working in the field of social inclusion from five continents. She formerly served as Committee Chair for the U.S.-Brazil Joint Action Plan to Promote Racial and Ethnic Equality, an initiative of the U.S. State Department.
Crenshaw has received the Fulbright Distinguished Chair for Latin America, the Alphonse Fletcher Fellowship and was a Fellow at the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences at Stanford University in 2009 and a Visiting Fellow at the European University Institute in Florence, Italy in 2010. Currently, Crenshaw is director of the Center for Intersectionality and Social Policy Studies at Columbia Law School, which she founded in 2011, as well as the Centennial Professor at the LSE Gender Institute 2015-2018. Crenshaw received her J.D. from Harvard, L.L.M. from University of Wisconsin and B.A. from Cornell University.
Kimberlé Crenshaw | Speaker | TED.com
Abby Dobson - Artist
Passionate about using music as a tool for empathy cultivation, Abby Dobson creates music to inspire audiences to reflect on the world we live in and engage in action to promote transformative social change.
Why you should listen
Abby Dobson is the 2016 artist-in-residence with the African American Policy Forum (AAPF). A sonic conceptualist artist, Dobson's sound is the alchemy of R&B/Soul, jazz, classic pop, gospel and folk, forging a gem that erases musical boundaries. Dobson has performed at venues such as S.O.B's, Kennedy Center Millennium Stage, Apollo Theater, Blue Note Jazz Club, Queens Museum and "The Tonight Show." Her debut album, Sleeping Beauty: You Are the One You Have Been Waiting On, was released in 2010 to glowing reviews. Featured on Talib Kweli’s album Gravitas on State of Grace, Dobson was also nominated for a 2014 BET Hip Hop Award for Best Impact Song.
Dobson received a Juris Doctorate degree from Georgetown University Law Center and a Bachelor's degree from Williams College in Political Science and History. Her interests have been deeply impacted by intersectionality discourse and critical race theory. An artist and independent scholar, Dobson's interests focus on the intersection of race and gender in the imagination, creation and consumption of music. A sampling of recent presentations include: International James Baldwin Conference at American University of Paris (2016), Association for the Study of African American History and Life Conference (2013-2015); Anna Julia Cooper Project at Tulane University (2013); and National Women's Studies Association (NWSA) Conference (2013).
Passionate about using music as a tool for empathy cultivation, Dobson creates music to inspire audiences to reflect on the world we live in and engage in action to promote transformative social change. She creates music to privilege black female voices and highlight the human condition. Inspired by AAPF’s social justice work, Dobson composed and performs "Say Her Name" in tribute to the black women lost to state and non-state violence.
Dobson also volunteers with the National Organization for Women, NYC Chapter's Activist Alliance serving as a member of its Intersectionality Committee. She is currently wrapping up recording for Sister Outsider, the follow-up to her debut album, slated for release in 2017.
Abby Dobson | Speaker | TED.com