Justin Davidson: Why glass towers are bad for city life -- and what we need instead
Justin Davidson: Porque é que as torres de vidro são más para a vida da cidade
Justin Davidson writes about a broad range of urban, civic, design and arts issues. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
in here this evening,
para aqui, esta noite,
looked almost exactly the same:
nesta sala tinham todas o mesmo aspeto:
idiosyncratic inner life,
muito idiossincrática,
the same blank expression all the time.
com a mesma expressão vazia.
that is taking over cities,
que as cidades estão a sofrer,
e não às pessoas.
de rugosidades e sombras,
of great individuality and character
superfícies arquiteturais
splendor of cities.
o esplendor vulgar das cidades.
is that the need for shelter
porque a necessidade de abrigo
the human desire for beauty.
humano de beleza.
give us a touchable city.
dão-nos uma cidade tangível.
over brick and stone.
os tijolos e a pedra.
made of concrete and steel
feitas de betão e aço
all over the world --
pelo mundo inteiro
of high-gloss robots
de robôs cintilantes
the full range of available materials.
toda a gama de materiais disponíveis.
and limestone and sandstone
o calcário e o arenito,
and terra-cotta and brick
a terracota e o tijolo,
all of the world's cuisines
todas as cozinhas do mundo
like this one in Moscow
como este aqui em Moscovo
and communal aspects of urban living.
cívicos e comunais da vida urbana.
to enrich their owners and tenants,
a enriquecer os seus donos e inquilinos,
the lives of the rest of us,
a vida de todos nós,
the spaces between the buildings.
pelos espaços entre os edifícios.
são uma espécie invasiva
and killing off public space.
a matar os espaços públicos.
as being like makeup,
como se fossem maquilhagem,
to a building that's effectively complete.
num edifício que está acabado.
affect the way we live in it.
afetam a forma como nela vivemos.
sunlight rakes the facades,
a luz do sol varre as fachadas,
segments the buildings
fragmenta os edifícios
of visual activity.
de atividade visual.
esse esplendor
where the generations can meet.
onde as gerações se encontram.
sprawling on the pavers,
espalhando-se pelo asfalto,
like an opera set.
com uma cena de ópera.
about the exteriors of buildings,
do exterior dos edifícios,
nem da estrutura.
give texture to our lives,
dão textura à nossa vida,
criam os espaços à sua volta
create the spaces around them,
with the quality of those exteriors.
com a qualidade desses exteriores.
of the Plaza Mayor in Salamanca
da Plaza Mayor de Salamanca
de paredes de vidro,
atravessam apressados
to their cubicles
a caminho dos seus cubículos,
as little time in as possible.
o menos tempo possível.
the architect Philip Johnson
o arquiteto Philip Johnson
European plaza in Pittsburgh.
praça europeia em Pittsburgh.
encircled by commercial buildings
de espaço aberto
with metal trim and bays
com guarnições de metal
through the fountain
de um lado para o outro
of a leisurely hangout.
de um ponto de encontro descontraído.
you really want to just hang out and chat.
onde queremos conviver e tagarelar.
for many different reasons.
por muitas razões diferentes.
o velho e o novo,
excessively on glass.
excessivamente do vidro.
from enormous, ultraclear sheets
enormes, ultra transparentes,
fazem-no mudar de aspeto
it has the magical power
tem o poder mágico
real estate values by allowing views,
graças às vistas
that developers have to offer
que os urbanizadores podem oferecer
of the Crystal Palace in London,
Palácio de Cristal, em Londres,
of quintessentially modern substances.
das substâncias modernas por excelência.
the downtowns of some American cities,
de algumas cidades norte-americanas,
de alguns edifícios de escritórios
really spectacular office buildings
designed by Skidmore, Owings and Merrill.
projetada por Skidmore, Owings and Merrill.
advanced to the point
ao ponto de os arquitetos
structures so transparent
tão transparentes
of the high-rise city,
por defeito, da cidade vertical.
powerful reason for that.
converge on cities,
convergem para as cidades,
into jerry-built shantytowns.
em bairros de lata.
precisam de apartamentos
need apartments and places to work
em edifícios cada vez maiores,
to put up towers
construir torres
and practical curtain walls.
baratas e práticas.
in southern Mexico.
no sul do México.
of high ritual significance.
tinha um alto significado ritual.
a historical and textural continuity
uma continuidade histórica e textual
the mountains all around
as montanhas a toda a volta
on top of the ruins
no cimo das ruínas,
even ordinary plaster buildings
até os vulgares edifícios de argamassa
bright colors, political murals
murais políticos
comunicativa
would simply wipe out.
varreria totalmente.
that architects and developers
the joys of texture
a alegria da textura
for old materials like brick
para materiais antigos, como o tijolo
like the molded panels that Snøhetta used
como os painéis moldados que Snøhetta usou
Museum of Modern Art
de San Francisco
even created living facades.
até criou fachadas vivas.
a pair of apartment towers in Milan,
duas torres de apartamentos em Milão,
é a vegetação.
for Nanjing in China.
para Nanquim, na China.
were as ubiquitous as glass ones
fossem tão numerosas como as de vidro,
se tornaria muito mais limpo.
in Chinese cities would become.
são sobretudo pontuais,
that these are mostly one-offs,
a uma escala mundial.
that have a local significance,
que têm significado local,
tenham todas o mesmo aspeto.
from all looking the same.
em Nova Iorque
to cover the American Copper Building,
para cobrir o Edifício Americano de Cobre,
on the East River.
sunset lights up that metallic facade,
ilumina aquela fachada metálica
há medida que envelhecer.
pretty much the same way it did before
aspeto que tinha antes
have the ability
têm a capacidade
de história e de memória
in Salt Lake City in copper and zinc,
em Salt Lake City,
in the area for 150 years
na área, ao longo de 150 anos,
contra um fundo de colinas ocre,
against the ochre hills
de história natural
natural history.
Pritzker Prize winner Wang Shu
o Prémio Pritzker chinês,
um museu de história em Ningbo,
a wrapper for the past,
um invólucro para o passado,
that had been demolished.
que tinham sido demolidas.
and this one by Frank Gehry
e este de Frank Gehry,
em West 19th Street.
that they toss back and forth
que eles causam de um lado para o outro
of concentrated variety
de variedade concentrada
and languages and lifestyles
as línguas e os estilos de vida
toda essa variedade
of crushing sameness,
duma igualdade arrasadora,
toda a gama da experiência urbana.
the full range of the urban experience.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Justin Davidson - Architecture criticJustin Davidson writes about a broad range of urban, civic, design and arts issues.
Why you should listen
Justin Davidson is the author of Magnetic City: A Walking Companion to New York (Spiegel & Grau), which leads readers through a portrait of the city told through its history, architecture, music, art and literature.
Davidson has been the architecture and classical music critic at New York magazine since 2007. Before that, he spent 12 years as classical music critic at Newsday, where he also wrote about architecture and was a regular cultural commentator. He won a Pulitzer Prize for criticism in 2002, an American Society of Newspaper Editors criticism (ASNE) award and the 2015 Stephen A. Kliment Oculus Award for Architectural Journalism from the American Institute of Architects, New York Chapter.
A native of Rome, Davidson graduated from Harvard and later earned a doctoral degree in music composition at Columbia University. He has contributed to many publications, including The New Yorker, Smithsonian, W., The New York Times Book Review, Travel & Leisure, Condé Nast Traveler and Pursuits. He was a columnist for the website Wondering Sound and has appeared regularly on WNYC and other radio and television outlets. He has taught at the Design Criticism program at the School of Visual Arts, the Goldring Arts Journalism Program of Syracuse University and NEA Arts Journalism Institutes. He lives on the Upper West Side of Manhattan.
Justin Davidson | Speaker | TED.com