Ray Dalio: How to build a company where the best ideas win
Рэй Далио: Как построить компанию, где побеждают лучшие идеи
Ray Dalio is the founder, chair and co-chief investment officer of Bridgewater Associates, a global leader in institutional portfolio management and the largest hedge fund in the world. Full bio
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decision-making is coming at you fast,
принятия решений неизбежна,
to take algorithms
легко взять алгоритм,
that you're leaving on yourself
to interact with you
чтобы он взаимодействовал с вами
than most people can.
and I have found it to be wonderful.
и обнаружил, что это чудесно.
to have meaningful work
with the people I work with,
and that algorithmic decision-making.
прозрачными и алгоритмичными.
that I'm going to show you
что я покажу,
I've had a terrible rote memory.
механическая память.
how things worked for myself.
как что-то работает.
with trading the markets.
в торговлю на рынке акций.
and I put it in the stock market.
я вкладывал в фондовый рынок,
the stock market was hot at the time.
of Northeast Airlines.
«Северовосточные авиалинии».
the only company I heard of
известная мне компания,
than five dollars a share.
заработать больше.
because I got lucky.
against the consensus and be right.
и оказываться правым непросто,
the consensus and be right
is built into the price.
с учётом общепринятого мнения.
the consensus and be right.
и оказываться правым.
and an investor --
is making a lot of painful mistakes.
без множества болезненных ошибок.
began to change.
so I wouldn't make that painful mistake?
чтобы не повторить эту ужасную ошибку?
so I would remember them
чтобы не забыть
would be embedded in computers,
make decisions along with me;
we would make these decisions.
параллельно.
then compared with my own decisions,
в сравнении с моими решениями,
those decisions were a lot better.
could make decisions much faster,
с которой компьютеру удавалось
my decision-making.
существенно улучшилось.
инвестиционную компанию Bridgewater,
to emerging countries
намного больше денег,
were going to be able to pay back
the greatest debt crisis
серьёзнейший долговой кризис
kind of a crazy point of view.
сначала объявила Мексика,
since the Great Depression.
со времён Великой депрессии.
and appear on "Wall Street Week,"
«Неделя на Уолл-Стрит».
I've got a clip here,
покажу небольшой клип,
господин Митчелл,
to be able to appear before you
выступать перед вами,
is going wrong with our economy.
quoted in an article.
процитировали в статье.
with absolute certainty
это утверждаю,
with absolute certainty
с абсолютной уверенностью,
and the world as a whole,
level of liquidity
to an era of stagflation."
"What an arrogant jerk!"
«Какой напыщенный зазнайка!»
went up rather than going down,
скорее укрепились, а не просели,
for myself and for my clients
и свои, и деньги клиентов,
my operation pretty much,
свернуть свой бизнес
4,000 dollars from my dad
4 000 долларов у своего отца,
experiences of my life ...
за всю мою жизнь,
one of the greatest experiences of my life
одним из наиболее ценных,
about decision-making.
подход к принятию решений.
people who would disagree with me
с иной точкой зрения
stress test my perspective.
проверить на прочность мою позицию.
I would lead and others would follow
когда за мной следовали беспрекословно,
points of view were equally valued,
все точки зрения имеют одинаковый вес,
in which the best ideas would win out.
чтобы побеждали лучшие идеи.
radical truthfulness
and radical transparency
я подразумеваю,
what they really believed
свои истинные взгляды
tape almost all conversations
почти все обсуждения,
an idea meritocracy.
and say what they want.
что они хотят.
to everybody in the company.
today in the meeting ...
you could have been that disorganized."
I needed feedback like that.
такой отзыв.
and people like Jim,
и таким, как он,
for everybody to see,
that's how we've been operating.
with this radical transparency
такой полной прозрачности,
those principles into algorithms.
частью алгоритмов.
the investment business,
with the people management.
into what this looks like,
called the "Dot Collector"
«Собрание точек»,
провела встречу,
would mean for the US economy.
президенства Трампа для экономики США.
different opinions on the matter
approaching the discussion.
about another person's thinking,
о позиции другого участника,
to convey their assessment;
свою оценку.
and provide a rating from one to 10.
и оценить его по шкале от 1 до 10.
поставила мне «три»,
of open-mindedness and assertiveness.
между открытостью и настойчивостью.
added up like this.
другим людям, были такими.
have different opinions.
другие точки зрения.
going to have different opinions.
about how I was doing.
о моём выступлении.
behind the numbers.
стоящий за цифрами.
gets to express their thinking,
высказать свои мысли,
in the company.
and right out of college,
и она только что окончила вуз,
that I'm approaching things terribly.
что я плохо справляюсь.
both express their opinions
даёт возможность высказаться
from their opinions
на ситуацию отстранённо,
from inputting their own opinions
высказывают своё мнение,
as just one of many
только одно из многих,
from seeing in one dimension
на то, как вместо одномерной картинки
from arguing over our opinions
от споров о личных мнениях
for determining which opinions are best.
выбора лучших идей.
is a computer that is watching.
these people are thinking
with how they think.
back to each of them based on that.
соответствующие рекомендации.
from all the meetings
of what people are like
создаёт общую картину всех мнений
to match them better with their jobs.
более подходящие должности.
who's reliable but not creative.
не творческим, но надёжным.
also allows us to decide
зоны ответственности,
based on people's merits.
учитывая таланты людей.
of people felt one way ...
based on people's merits,
с учётом их талантов,
not based on democracy,
на основании не демократии,
people's believability into consideration.
one of the greatest tragedies of mankind,
величайшую трагедию человечества,
in their minds that are wrong,
to stress test them.
подвергнуть их сомнению.
above our own opinions
над личными мнениями
through everybody's eyes,
better than individual decision-making
лучше индивидуального,
behind our success.
more money for our clients
больше денег,
23 out of the last 26 years.
with being radically truthful
for a brutal work environment.
очень жёсткую рабочую среду.
with how are brains are prewired.
предрасположенностях мозга.
that would like to know our mistakes
которая хотела бы знать
so we could do better.
чтобы преуспеть в будущем.
the prefrontal cortex.
префронтальная кора.
which views all of this as attacks.
проявление агрессии.
there are two you's inside you:
that we can win this battle.
что в этой битве можно победить.
prefer operating this way,
работать именно так,
in a more opaque environment.
there's not the brutality of --
behind-the-scenes --
where people can speak up.
и люди могут говорить открыто.
more effective relationships.
25 or 30 percent of the population
about everything.
во всех вопросах.
that their bald spot is growing
что он лысеет
in conversations with others.
как вы говорите с другими.
what they were really thinking,
знали их мысли,
what they were really like ...
what you were really thinking
together more effective.
намного эффективнее.
your relationships.
all of that information
in an idea-meritocratic way.
согласно принципам меритократии идей.
is coming at you
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Ray Dalio - Hedge fund chairRay Dalio is the founder, chair and co-chief investment officer of Bridgewater Associates, a global leader in institutional portfolio management and the largest hedge fund in the world.
Why you should listen
Dalio started Bridgewater out of his two-bedroom apartment in New York City in 1975 and has grown it into the fifth most important private company in the U.S. (according to Fortune magazine). Because of the firm’s many industry-changing innovations over its 40-year history, he has been called the “Steve Jobs of investing” by aiCIO magazine and named one of TIME magazine’s "100 Most Influential People."
Dalio attributes Bridgewater’s success to its unique culture. He describes it as “a believability-weighted idea meritocracy” in which the people strive for “meaningful work and meaningful relationships through radical truth and radical transparency.” He has explained this approach in his book Principles, which has been downloaded more than three million times and has produced considerable curiosity and controversy.
Ray Dalio | Speaker | TED.com