TEDCity2.0
Toni Griffin: A new vision for rebuilding Detroit
Toni Grifin (Toni Griffin): Nove vizije obnove Detroita
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Jednom vodeći grad američke industrijske moći, Detroit je u poslednje vreme poznat kao famozna ruševina koja se raspada i doživaljva bankrot. Gradski projektant Toni Grifin, kaže da pogledamo još jednom i zamislimo budućnost u preduzećima za 700 000 stanovnika ovog grada.
Toni Griffin - Place maker
Toni Griffin is an urban planner working to make cities more just and resilient. Full bio
Toni Griffin is an urban planner working to make cities more just and resilient. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
By 2010, Detroit had become the poster child
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Do 2010. Detroit je postao
istaknuti primer
istaknuti primer
00:15
for an American city in crisis.
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američkog grada koga je zahvatila nevolja.
00:17
There was a housing collapse,
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Nastao je stambeni kolaps,
00:19
an auto industry collapse,
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kolaps u automobilskoj industriji
00:21
and the population had plummeted by 25 percent
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i populacija je opala za 25%
00:24
between 2000 and 2010,
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između 2000. i 2010.
00:26
and many people were beginning to write it off,
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i mnogi ljudi su ga otpisali
00:28
as it had topped the list of American shrinking cities.
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jer je izbio na vrh liste
američkih gradova koji se smanjuju.
američkih gradova koji se smanjuju.
00:32
By 2010, I had also been asked by
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Do 2010, fondacija Krezgi i grad Detroit
00:34
the Kresge Foundation and the city of Detroit
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su me pitali
00:37
to join them in leading a citywide planning process
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da im se pridružim u vođenju procesa
koji je obuhvatao ceo grad
koji je obuhvatao ceo grad
00:40
for the city to create a shared vision for its future.
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u svrhu stvaranja vizije grada
u budućnosti.
u budućnosti.
00:43
I come to this work
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Pristupila sam poslu
00:45
as an architect and an urban planner,
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kao arhitekta i projektant
00:47
and I've spent my career working
in other contested cities,
in other contested cities,
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i karijeru sam provela radeći
u suparničkim gradovima
u suparničkim gradovima
00:49
like Chicago, my hometown;
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kao što je Čikago, moj rodni grad;
00:51
Harlem, which is my current home;
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Harlem, grad u kom trenutno živim;
00:53
Washington, D.C.; and Newark, New Jersey.
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Vašington, Njuark, Nju Džerzi.
00:56
All of these cities, to me, still had a number
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Po mom mišljenju,
svi ovi gradovi još uvek imaju
svi ovi gradovi još uvek imaju
00:58
of unresolved issues related to urban justice,
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izvestan broj nerešenih problema
vezanih za urbanizam,
vezanih za urbanizam,
01:01
issues of equity, inclusion and access.
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probleme vezane za kapital,
inkluziju i priključenje.
inkluziju i priključenje.
01:06
Now by 2010, as well,
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Sada, do 2010,
01:08
popular design magazines were also beginning
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popularni časopisi o dizajnu
su takođe počeli da
su takođe počeli da
01:10
to take a closer look at cities like Detroit,
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pažljivije posmatraju gradove
kao što je Detroit,
kao što je Detroit,
01:12
and devoting whole issues to "fixing the city."
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i pažnju usmeravaju
na ''popravljanje grada''.
na ''popravljanje grada''.
01:16
I was asked by a good friend, Fred Bernstein,
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Moj dobar prijatelj Fred Bernstajn
me je pitao
me je pitao
01:18
to do an interview for the October issue
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da uradim intervju za oktobarsko izdanje
01:20
of Architect magazine,
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časopisa ''Arhitekta'',
01:22
and he and I kind of had a good chuckle
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i on i ja smo se baš nasmejali
01:24
when we saw the magazine released with the title,
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kad je izašao časopis s naslovom
01:27
"Can This Planner Save Detroit?"
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''Može li ovaj projektant
da sačuva Detroit?''
da sačuva Detroit?''
01:30
So I'm smiling with a little bit
of embarrassment right now,
of embarrassment right now,
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Sada se smejem,
ali me je malo sramota,
ali me je malo sramota,
01:33
because obviously, it's completely absurd
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jer, očigledno, potpuno je apsurdno
01:35
that a single person, let alone a planner,
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da jedna osoba, projektant,
01:37
could save a city.
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može da spase grad.
01:39
But I'm also smiling because I thought it represented
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Ali se takođe smejem jer sam
mislila da to predstavlja
mislila da to predstavlja
01:41
a sense of hopefulness that our profession
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neku vrstu nade da naše zanimanje
01:44
could play a role in helping the city to think about
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može da pomogne čitavom gradu
01:47
how it would recover from its severe crisis.
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da se oporavi od strašnih nevolja.
01:51
So I'd like to spend a little bit of time this afternoon
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Stoga bih želela da iskoristim
još malo vremena ovog poslepodneva
još malo vremena ovog poslepodneva
01:53
and tell you a little bit about our process
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i da vam kažem ponešto
o procesu koji vodimo
o procesu koji vodimo
01:55
for fixing the city, a little bit about Detroit,
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da bismo popravili grad,
da vam kažem nešto o Detroitu
da vam kažem nešto o Detroitu
01:57
and I want to do that through
the voices of Detroiters.
the voices of Detroiters.
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i to želim da uradim
kroz glasove građana Detroita.
kroz glasove građana Detroita.
02:00
So we began our process in September of 2010.
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Dakle, proces smo počeli
u septembru 2010.
u septembru 2010.
02:03
It's just after a special mayoral election,
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To je usledilo odmah posle
posebnog izbora za gradonačelnika,
posebnog izbora za gradonačelnika,
02:06
and word has gotten out that there is going to be
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i proširilo se da će
02:08
this citywide planning process,
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da počne proces planiranja
koji se tiče celog grada,
koji se tiče celog grada,
02:10
which brings a lot of anxiety and fears
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koji je uneo mnogo straha i nemira
02:12
among Detroiters.
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među građane Detroita.
02:14
We had planned to hold a number
of community meetings in rooms like this
of community meetings in rooms like this
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Nameravali smo da održimo nekoliko
zajedničkih sastanaka u ovakvim sobama
zajedničkih sastanaka u ovakvim sobama
02:18
to introduce the planning process,
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da bismo predstavili proces planiranja,
02:21
and people came out from all over the city,
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i došli su ljudi iz svih delova grada
02:23
including areas that were stable neighborhoods,
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uključujući i četvrti
koje su se dobro držale,
koje su se dobro držale,
02:26
as well as areas that were beginning to see
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kao i delove grada u kojima se naziralo
02:27
a lot of vacancy.
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mnogo upražnjenog mesta.
02:29
And most of our audience was representative
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I većina naše publike su bili
02:31
of the 82 percent African-American population
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predstavnici Afro-američke populacije
koja je činila 82% grada
koja je činila 82% grada
02:34
in the city at that time.
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u to vreme.
02:36
So obviously, we have a Q&A portion of our program,
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Dakle, očigledno je da imamo deo
s pitanjima i odgovorima o našem programu,
s pitanjima i odgovorima o našem programu,
02:40
and people line up to mics to ask questions.
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i ljudi su se poređali do mikrofona
da postave pitanja.
da postave pitanja.
02:43
Many of them step very firmly to the mic,
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Mnogi od njih su veoma ukočeno
iskoračili pred mikrofon,
iskoračili pred mikrofon,
02:45
put their hands across their chest, and go,
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stavili ruke preko grudi i počeli:
02:48
"I know you people are trying to
move me out of my house, right?"
move me out of my house, right?"
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''Znam da želite da me iselite
iz moje kuće, zar ne?''
iz moje kuće, zar ne?''
02:52
So that question is really powerful,
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To pitanje je veoma snažno
02:54
and it was certainly powerful to us in the moment,
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i takvo je bilo i za nas u tom trenutku
02:57
when you connect it to the stories
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kada ga povežete s pričama
02:59
that some Detroiters had,
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koje su neki od građana Detroita imali,
03:01
and actually a lot of African-Americans'
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odnosno, koje je imalo
mnogo Afro-američkih
mnogo Afro-američkih
03:03
families have had
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porodica
03:04
that are living in Midwestern cities like Detroit.
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koje žive u gradovima srednjeg zapada,
kao što je Detroit.
kao što je Detroit.
03:08
Many of them told us the stories about
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Mnogi od njih su nam ispričali
03:10
how they came to own their home
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kako su nasledili svoje kuće
03:12
through their grandparents or great-grandparents,
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preko prababe i pradede
ili čukunbabe i čukunedede,
ili čukunbabe i čukunedede,
03:14
who were one of 1.6 million people who migrated
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koji su bili među 1,6 miliona
ljudi koji su emigrirali
ljudi koji su emigrirali
03:17
from the rural South to the industrial North,
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s ruralnog juga na industrijski sever,
03:20
as depicted in this painting by Jacob Lawrence,
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kao što je Džejkob Lorens
naslikao na svojoj slici
naslikao na svojoj slici
03:22
"The Great Migration."
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''Velika migracija.''
03:24
They came to Detroit for a better way of life.
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Došli su u Detroit tražeći bolji život.
03:27
Many found work in the automobile industry,
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Mnogi su pronašli posao
u automobilskoj industriji,
u automobilskoj industriji,
03:29
the Ford Motor Company, as depicted in this mural
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kompanija Ford, kao što je
Dijego Rivera naslikao na ovoj freski
Dijego Rivera naslikao na ovoj freski
03:32
by Diego Rivera in the Detroit Institute of Art.
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u institutu za umetnost u Detroitu.
03:36
The fruits of their labors would afford them a home,
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Plod njihovog rada bi im omogućio dom,
03:39
for many the first piece of property
that they would ever know,
that they would ever know,
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za mnoge i prvu nekretninu
koju su ikada imali,
koju su ikada imali,
03:42
and a community with other first-time
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i zajednicu s drugim Afro-amerikancima
03:44
African-American home buyers.
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koji su po prvi put kupili kuće.
03:46
The first couple of decades of their life in the North
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Prvih desetak godina njihovog
života na severu
života na severu
03:48
is quite well, up until about 1950,
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je teklo dobro, sve do oko 1950,
03:51
which coincides with the city's peak population
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što se podudara s godinom
kad je populacija grada bila na vrhu
kad je populacija grada bila na vrhu
03:54
at 1.8 million people.
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i iznosila 1,8 miliona ljudi.
03:56
Now it's at this time that Detroit begins to see
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Međutim, sada je trenutak
kad se u Detroitu nazire
kad se u Detroitu nazire
03:59
a second kind of migration,
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druga vrsta migracije,
04:01
a migration to the suburbs.
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migracija u predgrađa.
04:03
Between 1950 and 2000,
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Između 1950. i 2000.
04:06
the region grows by 30 percent.
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region se proširio za 30 procenata.
04:09
But this time, the migration leaves
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Do sada je migracija zadržala
04:11
African-Americans in place,
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Afro-amerikance u mestu
04:13
as families and businesses flee the city,
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s obzirom da porodice
i velike kompanije beže iz grada,
i velike kompanije beže iz grada,
04:16
leaving the city pretty desolate of people
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ostavljajući grad opustošen
i bez ljudi,
i bez ljudi,
04:18
as well as jobs.
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ali i poslova.
04:20
During that same period, between
1950 and 2000, 2010,
1950 and 2000, 2010,
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Tokom istog perioda između
1950. i 2000, 2010,
1950. i 2000, 2010,
04:25
the city loses 60 percent of its population,
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grad je izgubio 60% populacije
04:28
and today it hovers at above 700,000.
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i danas broj kruži oko 700 000 ljudi.
04:31
The audience members who come
and talk to us that night
and talk to us that night
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Ljudi koji su bili u publici i koji su
došli da pričaju s nama to veče,
došli da pričaju s nama to veče,
04:34
tell us the stories of what it's like to live in a city
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ispričali su nam kako je to živeti u gradu
04:37
with such depleted population.
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s tako osiromašenom populacijom.
04:39
Many tell us that they're one of only a few homes
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Mnogi su nam rekli da su oni
samo nekolicina ljudi
samo nekolicina ljudi
04:42
on their block that are occupied,
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iz bloka koji su ostali u kućama
04:44
and that they can see several abandoned homes
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i da mogu da vide mnogo
napuštenih kuća
napuštenih kuća
04:47
from where they sit on their porches.
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sa svojih tremova.
04:49
Citywide, there are 80,000 vacant homes.
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Širom grada ima
oko 80 000 napuštenih kuća.
oko 80 000 napuštenih kuća.
04:54
They can also see vacant property.
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Takođe se može naći
i druga napuštena imovina.
i druga napuštena imovina.
04:57
They're beginning to see illegal activities
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Uočavaju se razne ilegalne radnje
04:58
on these properties, like illegal dumping,
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na ovoj imovini, kao
na primer bacanje smeća,
na primer bacanje smeća,
05:01
and they know that because the city
has lost so much population,
has lost so much population,
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i znaju da se njihovi troškovi
za vodu, struju i gas povećavaju ,
za vodu, struju i gas povećavaju ,
05:05
their costs for water, electricity, gas are rising,
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s obzirom da je grad ostao
bez mnogo populacije,
bez mnogo populacije,
05:10
because there are not enough people
to pay property taxes
to pay property taxes
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jer nema mnogo ljudi koji će
da plate porez na imovinu
da plate porez na imovinu
05:13
to help support the services that they need.
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i na taj način dobiju pomoć
koja im je potrebna.
koja im je potrebna.
05:16
Citywide, there are about 100,000 vacant parcels.
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Širom grada se nalazi
oko 100 000 praznih parcela.
oko 100 000 praznih parcela.
05:21
Now, to quickly give you all a sense of a scale,
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Sada ću vam ukratko
to pokazati na skali
to pokazati na skali
05:23
because I know that sounds like a big number,
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jer znam da to zvuči kao velik broj,
05:24
but I don't think you quite understand
until you look at the city map.
until you look at the city map.
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a ne verujem da razumete
dok ne pogledate plan grada.
dok ne pogledate plan grada.
05:26
So the city is 139 square miles.
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Dakle, grad se prostire na
223 651 kvadratnih kilometara.
223 651 kvadratnih kilometara.
05:29
You can fit Boston, San Francisco,
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Možete da stavite Boston, San Francisko
05:31
and the island of Manhattan
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i ostrvo Menhetn
05:33
within its footprint.
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u njegov otisak.
05:34
So if we take all of that vacant
and abandoned property
and abandoned property
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Dakle, ako uzmemo u obzir
svu tu napuštenu imovinu,
svu tu napuštenu imovinu,
05:37
and we smush it together,
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i spojimo je,
05:39
it looks like about 20 square miles,
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izgleda kao oko 32 180 kvadratnih metara
05:41
and that's roughly equivalent to the size
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i to je ugrubo jednako veličini
05:43
of the island we're sitting on today, Manhattan,
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ostrva gde danas sedimo, Menhetna,
05:45
at 22 square miles.
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koja iznosi 35 390 kvadratnih metara.
05:46
So it's a lot of vacancy.
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Dakle, mnogo napuštenog prostora.
05:50
Now some of our audience members
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Dalje, neki od ljudi iz publike
05:52
also tell us about some of the positive things
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su nam spomenuli
i neke pozitivne stvari
i neke pozitivne stvari
05:54
that are happening in their communities,
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koje se dešavaju
u njihovim zajednicama
u njihovim zajednicama
05:56
and many of them are banding together
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i mnogi od njih rade zajedno na
05:58
to take control of some of the vacant lots,
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preuzimanju dela napuštenih objekata,
06:00
and they're starting community gardens,
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i osnivaju zajedničke bašte
06:01
which are creating a great sense
of community stewardship,
of community stewardship,
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oko kojih se okupljaju.
06:04
but they're very, very clear to tell us
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Međutim, jasno nam je
06:06
that this is not enough,
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da to nije dovoljno,
06:08
that they want to see their neighborhoods
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da žele da vide svoj komšiluk
onako kako je izgledao
onako kako je izgledao
06:09
return to the way that their
grandparents had found them.
grandparents had found them.
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u vreme njihovih predaka.
06:13
Now there's been a lot of speculation since 2010
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Od 2010. postoji mnogo spekulacija
06:15
about what to do with the vacant property,
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o tome šta da se radi
s upražnjenom imovinom,
s upražnjenom imovinom,
06:18
and a lot of that speculation has
been around community gardening,
been around community gardening,
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i mnoge spekulacije se odnose
na zajedničke bašte
na zajedničke bašte
06:21
or what we call urban agriculture.
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ili, kako mi to zovemo,
urbanu poljoprivredu.
urbanu poljoprivredu.
06:23
So many people would say to us,
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Mnogi ljudi bi nam rekli:
06:24
"What if you just take all that vacant land
and you could make it farmland?
and you could make it farmland?
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''Šta bi bilo kad bi svu napuštenu
imovinu pretvorili u farmu?
imovinu pretvorili u farmu?
06:27
It can provide fresh foods,
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Može da omogući hranu
06:29
and it can put Detroiters back to work too."
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i mogla bi pomovo da vrati
građane Detroita na posao.''
građane Detroita na posao.''
06:32
When I hear that story,
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Uvek kad čujem tu priču,
06:33
I always imagine the folks from the Great Migration
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zamišljam kako se ljudi,
koji su učestvovali u velikoj migraciji,
koji su učestvovali u velikoj migraciji,
06:36
rolling over in their graves,
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prevrću u grobovima
06:38
because you can imagine that they didn't sacrifice
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jer, kao što možete
da zamislite, nisu žrtvovali
da zamislite, nisu žrtvovali
06:42
moving from the South to the North
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selidbu s juga na sever
06:44
to create a better life for their families,
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da bi svojim porodicama
omogućili bolji život,
omogućili bolji život,
06:46
only to see their great-grandchildren
return to an agrarian lifestyle,
return to an agrarian lifestyle,
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i da bi opet videli svoje prapraunuke
kako se vraćaju poljoprivredi,
kako se vraćaju poljoprivredi,
06:50
especially in a city where they came
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naročito u gradu u koji su došli
06:52
with little less than a high school education
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s malo manje od osnovnog
06:54
or even a grammar school education
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i srednjoškolskog obrazovanja
06:56
and were able to afford the basic elements
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i mogli su da priušte osnovne elemente
06:58
of the American dream:
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američkog sna:
07:00
steady work and a home that they owned.
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stalan posao i kuću u njihovom vlasništvu.
07:04
Now, there's a third wave of migration
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Danas se treći talas migracija
07:06
happening in Detroit:
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dešava u Detroitu:
07:07
a new ascendant of cultural entrepreneurs.
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nova prevlast kulturnih preduzetnika.
07:11
These folks see that same vacant land
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Ovi ljudi istu tu upražnjenu zemlju
07:13
and those same abandoned homes
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i iste te napuštene kuće vide kao
07:14
as opportunity for new,
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priliku za nove
07:16
entrepreneurial ideas and profit,
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preduzetničke ideje i profite
07:19
so much so that former models
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i to na takav način da isti ti
07:21
can move to Detroit,
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mogu da se presele u Detroit,
07:22
buy property, start successful
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kupe imovinu, započnu uspešne
07:24
businesses and restaurants,
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poslove i otvore restorane
07:26
and become successful community
activists in their neighborhood,
activists in their neighborhood,
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i postanu uspešna zajednica
aktivista u njihovom komšiluku
aktivista u njihovom komšiluku
07:29
bringing about very positive change.
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unoseći sve pozitivne promene.
07:32
Similarly, we have small manufacturing companies
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Slično tome, imamo male kompanije
koje se bave manufakturom
koje se bave manufakturom
07:35
making conscious decisions to relocate to the city.
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i koje donose svesne odluke
da se prebace u grad.
da se prebace u grad.
07:38
This company, Shinola, which is a luxury watch
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Kompanija Šinola, luksuzna
kompanija satova
kompanija satova
07:41
and bicycle company,
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i bicikala,
07:43
deliberately chose to relocate to Detroit,
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namerno je odlučila
da se prebaci u Detroit
da se prebaci u Detroit
07:45
and they quote themselves by saying
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i sebe citiraju govoreći
07:47
they were drawn to the global brand
of Detroit's innovation.
of Detroit's innovation.
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da ih je privukao svetski
brend detroitskih inovacija.
brend detroitskih inovacija.
07:51
And they also knew that
they can tap into a workforce
they can tap into a workforce
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Takođe su znali da mogu
da unajme radnu snagu
da unajme radnu snagu
07:54
that was still very skilled in how to make things.
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koja je veoma obučena
za stvaranje novih sadržaja.
za stvaranje novih sadržaja.
07:57
Now we have community stewardship
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Dakle imamo rukovodstvo zajednice
08:00
happening in neighborhoods,
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iz komšiluka,
08:02
we have cultural entrepreneurs making decisions
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imamo preduzetnike
koji donose odluke
koji donose odluke
08:04
to move to the city and create enterprises,
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da se presele u grad i otvore preduzeća
08:07
and we have businesses relocating,
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i imamo premeštanje poslova.
08:09
and this is all in the context
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Sve ovo u kontekstu
08:11
of what is no secret to us all,
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koji nije tajna,
08:13
a city that's under the control
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da bi grad bio pod kontrolom
08:15
of an emergency manager,
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upravnika za hitna pitanja
08:16
and just this July filed for Chapter 9 bankruptcy.
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koji je ovog jula optužen za bankrot.
08:21
So 2010, we started this process, and by 2013,
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Dakle, 2010. smo započeli proces i do 2013.
08:24
we released Detroit Future City,
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smo predstavili grad Detroit u budućnosti
08:26
which was our strategic plan to guide the city
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što je bio naš strateški
plan da vodimo grad
plan da vodimo grad
08:29
into a better and more prosperous
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u bolje, prosperitetnije
08:31
and more sustainable existence --
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i obonovljivo postojanje -
08:33
not what it was, but what it could be,
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ne ono što je bio,
nego što bi mogao da bude,
nego što bi mogao da bude,
08:36
looking at new ways of economic growth,
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3315
gledajući na razne načine
da ekonomski ojača
da ekonomski ojača
08:40
new forms of land use,
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1981
da se zemlja koristi u druge svrhe,
08:42
more sustainable and denser neighborhoods,
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održivije i gušće komšiluke,
08:45
a reconfigured infrastructure
and city service system,
and city service system,
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na drugačiju infrastrukturu
i gradski sistem usluga
i gradski sistem usluga
08:48
and a heightened capacity for civic leaders
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i na povećan kapacitet građanskih lidera
08:51
to take action and implement change.
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da preuzmu stvar i uvedu promene.
08:54
Three key imperatives were really important
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Tri ključna cilja su bila važna
08:57
to our work.
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za naš posao.
08:58
One was that the city itself
wasn't necessarily too large,
wasn't necessarily too large,
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Jedan je bio da grad nije mnogo velik,
09:02
but the economy was too small.
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ali da je privreda slaba.
09:04
There are only 27 jobs per 100 people in Detroit,
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Postoji samo 27 poslova
na 100 ljudi u Detroitu,
na 100 ljudi u Detroitu,
09:07
very different from a Denver
or an Atlanta or a Philadelphia
or an Atlanta or a Philadelphia
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mnogo drugačije od Denvera,
Atlante ili Filadelfije
Atlante ili Filadelfije
09:11
that are anywhere between
35 to 70 jobs per 100 people.
35 to 70 jobs per 100 people.
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koji nude između 35 do 70
poslova na 100 ljudi.
poslova na 100 ljudi.
09:15
Secondly, there had to be an acceptance
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Druga stvar, morali smo
da prihvatimo činjenicu
da prihvatimo činjenicu
09:18
that we were not going to be able to use
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da nećemo moći
neko vreme da koristimo
neko vreme da koristimo
09:20
all of this vacant land in the way that we had before
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svu upražnjenu zemlju na način
na koji smo i pre
na koji smo i pre
09:23
and maybe for some time to come.
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2009
a možda i još neko vreme.
09:25
It wasn't going to be our traditional
residential neighborhoods
residential neighborhoods
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2565
To ne bi bio naš tradicionalni komšiluk
09:27
as we had before,
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kao što je bio pre,
09:29
and urban agriculture, while a very productive
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a urbana poljoprivreda,
iako je veoma produktivno
iako je veoma produktivno
09:32
and successful intervention happening in Detroit,
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i uspešno dešavanje u Detroitu,
09:34
was not the only answer,
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2103
nije bila jedini odgovor
09:36
that what we had to do is look at these areas
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morali smo da pogledamo ove oblasti
09:39
where we had significant vacancy
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gde smo imali dosta praznine
09:41
but still had a significant number of population
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ali smo još uvek posedovali
značajan broj populacije
značajan broj populacije
09:44
of what could be new, productive, innovative,
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koja je mogla da bude nova,
produktivna, inovativna
produktivna, inovativna
09:47
and entrepreneurial uses
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i preduzetnička snaga
09:48
that could stabilize those communities,
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1955
koja bi stabilizovala te zajednice
09:50
where still nearly 300,000 residents lived.
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gde još uvek živi skoro
oko 300 000 stanovnika.
oko 300 000 stanovnika.
09:54
So we came up with one neighborhood typology --
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Počeli smo od jedne tipologije komšiluka -
09:56
there are several --
called a live-make neighborhood,
called a live-make neighborhood,
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ima ih mnogo -
koja je nazvana životni komšiluk,
koja je nazvana životni komšiluk,
09:59
where folks could reappropriate
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1959
gde su ljudi mogli da ponovno prisvoje
10:01
abandoned structures
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1738
napuštene objekte
10:03
and turn them into entrepreneurial enterprises,
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i pretvore ih u preduzetničke firme
10:05
with a specific emphasis on looking at the, again,
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s posebnim naglaskom na onu većinu
od 82% Afro-američke populacije.
10:09
majority 82 percent African-American population.
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3185
10:12
So they, too, could take businesses
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I oni bi, dakle, mogli da započnu poslove
10:14
that they maybe were doing out of their home
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koje su možda radili od kuće
10:16
and grow them to more prosperous industries
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2711
i da ih učine prosperitetnim industrijama
10:19
and actually acquire property so they were actually
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i da u stvari usvoje imovinu
kako bi postali
kako bi postali
10:22
property owners as well as business owners
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njeni vlasnici, kao i poslovni vlasnici
10:24
in the communities with which they resided.
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u zajednicama gde su živeli.
10:27
Then we also wanted to look at other ways
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Zatim smo želeli da pogledamo i iz ugla
10:29
of using land in addition to growing food
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3334
upotrebe zemlje za uzgajanje hrane
10:32
and transforming landscape into
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1824
i pretvaranje pejzaža
10:34
much more productive uses,
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u mnogo produktivniju namenu
10:36
so that it could be used for storm
water management, for example,
water management, for example,
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da bi, na primer, mogla da se koristi
za upravljanje vodom u slučaju oluja
za upravljanje vodom u slučaju oluja
10:39
by using surface lakes and retention ponds,
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tako što bi koristili jezera i ribnjake
10:42
that created neighborhood amenities,
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koji su stvorili korist u komšiluku,
10:44
places of recreation,
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mesta za rekreaciju,
10:45
and actually helped to elevate
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1817
i u stvari pomogli da podignu
10:47
adjacent property levels.
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nivo susedne imovine.
10:49
Or we could use it as research plots,
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1860
Ili možemo da ih koristimo
kao plan za istraživanje
kao plan za istraživanje
10:51
where we can use it to remediate contaminated soils,
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u svrhu remediranja zagađenog tla,
10:54
or we could use it to generate energy.
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ili možemo da ih koristimo
da bismo proizveli energiju.
da bismo proizveli energiju.
10:58
So the descendants of the Great Migration
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Potomci velike migracije
11:01
could either become precision
watchmakers at Shinola,
watchmakers at Shinola,
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bi mogli da se zaposle kao
precizni časovničari u Šinoli,
precizni časovničari u Šinoli,
11:05
like Willie H., who was featured
in one of their ads last year,
in one of their ads last year,
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kao Vili H, koji je bio u jednoj
njihovoj reklami prošle godine
njihovoj reklami prošle godine
11:08
or they can actually grow a business
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ili mogu da osnuju posao
11:10
that would service companies like Shinola.
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2725
koji bi pomagao kompanije poput Šinole.
11:13
The good news is, there is a future
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Dobre vesti su da postoji budućnost
11:15
for the next generation of Detroiters,
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za sledeću generaciju građana Detroita
11:18
both those there now and those that want to come.
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kako za one koji su tamo
tako i za one koji žele da dođu.
tako i za one koji žele da dođu.
11:21
So no thank you, Mayor Menino,
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Stoga, ne, hvala gradonačelniče Menino,
11:23
who recently was quoted as saying,
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koji je nedavno citiran rekavši:
11:24
"I'd blow up the place and start over."
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''Razneo bih mesto i počeo ispočetka.''
11:27
There are very important people,
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U Detroitu su veoma važni ljudi,
11:29
business and land assets in Detroit,
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2401
posao i zemlja
11:32
and there are real opportunities there.
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kao i prave prilike za napredak.
11:34
So while Detroit might not be what it was,
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Dok Detroit možda nije ono što je bio,
11:36
Detroit will not die.
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neće ni umreti.
11:38
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
11:40
(Applause)
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Aplauz
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Toni Griffin - Place makerToni Griffin is an urban planner working to make cities more just and resilient.
Why you should listen
Toni Griffin is the Founding Director of the J. Max Bond Center on Design for the Just City at the City College of New York. In addition to her academic involvement, Griffin maintains an active private practice based in New York. Prior to returning to private practice, Griffin created a centralized division of planning and urban design for the City of Newark, New Jersey, and before that, worked on waterfront and neighborhood revitalization in Washington, D.C.
Griffin recently served as director of the Detroit Works Project, and in 2012 completed and released Detroit Future City, a comprehensive citywide framework plan for urban transformation.
Toni Griffin | Speaker | TED.com