TED2014
Bill and Melinda Gates: Why giving away our wealth has been the most satisfying thing we've done
Bil i Melinda Gejts (Bill and Melinda Gates): Zašto je odricanje od bogatstva bilo najbolja stvar koju smo uradili
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Godine 1993, Bil i Melinda Gejts, tada verenici, šetali su plažom u Zanzibaru i doneli hrabru odluku o tome na koji način će bogatstvo od Majkrosofta biti vraćeno društvu. U razgovoru sa Krisom Andersonom, par govori o svom radu u Fondaciji Bill i Melinda Gejts, kao i o svom braku, deci, svojim neuspesima i zadovoljstvu u poklanjanju većine svog bogatstva.
Melinda Gates - Philanthropist
Melinda French Gates is co-chair of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, where she puts into practice the idea that every life has equal value. Full bioBill Gates - Philanthropist
A passionate techie and a shrewd businessman, Bill Gates changed the world while leading Microsoft to dizzying success. Now he's doing it again with his own style of philanthropy and passion for innovation. Full bio
Melinda French Gates is co-chair of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, where she puts into practice the idea that every life has equal value. Full bioBill Gates - Philanthropist
A passionate techie and a shrewd businessman, Bill Gates changed the world while leading Microsoft to dizzying success. Now he's doing it again with his own style of philanthropy and passion for innovation. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
Chris Anderson: So, this is an
interview with a difference.
interview with a difference.
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Kris Anderson: Dakle, ovo je intervju
koji se razlikuje od ostalih.
koji se razlikuje od ostalih.
00:17
On the basis that a picture
is worth a thousand words,
is worth a thousand words,
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S obzirom na to
da slika govori više od reči,
da slika govori više od reči,
00:21
what I did was, I asked Bill and Melinda
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ja sam zamolio Bila i Melindu
00:24
to dig out from their archive
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da pronađu u svojoj arhivi
00:26
some images that would help explain
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neke slike koje bi pojasnile
nešto od onoga
nešto od onoga
00:28
some of what they've done,
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što su oni uradili,
00:29
and do a few things that way.
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i da tako porazgovaramo o nekim stvarima.
00:32
So, we're going to start here.
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Dakle, počećemo odavde.
00:36
Melinda, when and where was this,
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Melinda, kada i gde je ovo bilo,
00:38
and who is that handsome man next to you?
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i ko je taj zgodni muškarac pored tebe?
00:40
Melinda Gates: With those big glasses, huh?
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Melinda Gejts:
Sa velikim naočarima, ha?
Sa velikim naočarima, ha?
00:42
This is in Africa, our very first trip,
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Ovo je u Africi,
na našem prvom putovanju,
na našem prvom putovanju,
00:44
the first time either of us had ever been to Africa,
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kada smo oboje prvi put bili tamo,
00:46
in the fall of 1993.
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u jesen 1993.
00:47
We were already engaged to be married.
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Već smo bili vereni.
Venčali smo se
Venčali smo se
00:49
We married a few months later,
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nakon nekoliko meseci
00:51
and this was the trip where we really went to see
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a na ovo putovanje smo u stvari išli
00:53
the animals and to see the savanna.
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da vidimo životinje i savanu.
00:55
It was incredible. Bill had never taken that much time
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Bilo je neverovatno.
On nikada nije toliko
On nikada nije toliko
00:57
off from work.
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odsustvovao sa posla.
00:59
But what really touched us, actually, were the people,
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Ali na nas su najveći utisak
u stvari ostavili
u stvari ostavili
01:03
and the extreme poverty.
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ljudi i ekstremno siromaštvo.
01:06
We started asking ourselves questions.
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Počeli smo da se pitamo.
01:07
Does it have to be like this?
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Da li mora da bude ovako?
Pred sam kraj putovanja,
otišli smo u Zanzibar,
otišli smo u Zanzibar,
01:09
And at the end of the trip,
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01:10
we went out to Zanzibar,
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01:11
and took some time to walk on the beach,
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i malo prošetali plažom,
01:13
which is something we had done a lot
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to smo često radili
01:14
while we were dating.
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dok smo se zabavljali.
01:16
And we'd already been talking about during that time
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I već smo tada razgovarali o tome
01:18
that the wealth that had come from Microsoft
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da bogatstvo stečeno u Majkrosoftu
01:20
would be given back to society,
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bude vraćeno društvu,
01:22
but it was really on that beach walk
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ali smo baš za vreme te šetnje
01:23
that we started to talk about, well,
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počeli da govorimo o tome
01:25
what might we do and how might we go about it?
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šta bismo mogli da uradimo
i na koji način?
i na koji način?
01:28
CA: So, given that this vacation
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KA: Dakle, budući da je na ovom odmoru
01:31
led to the creation of
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nastala najveća privatna
01:33
the world's biggest private foundation,
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fondacija na svetu,
01:36
it's pretty expensive as vacations go. (Laughter)
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to je prilično skup odmor.
(Smeh)
(Smeh)
01:39
MG: I guess so. We enjoyed it.
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MG: Može se reći. Mi smo uživali.
01:42
CA: Which of you was the key instigator here,
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KA: Ko je od vas dvoje
bio glavni inicijator,
bio glavni inicijator,
01:45
or was it symmetrical?
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ili je to bilo obostrano?
01:47
Bill Gates: Well, I think we were excited
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Bil Gejts: Ja mislim da smo bili uzbuđeni
01:50
that there'd be a phase of our life
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što ćemo u ovoj životnoj fazi
01:51
where we'd get to work together
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raditi zajedno
01:53
and figure out how to give this money back.
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i razmišljati kako da vratimo taj novac.
02:00
At this stage, we were talking about the poorest,
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U tom trenutku, govorili smo
o najsiromašnijima,
o najsiromašnijima,
02:03
and could you have a big impact on them?
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i da li se može uticati na njih.
02:06
Were there things that weren't being done?
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Da li je bilo nešto što nije učinjeno?
02:08
There was a lot we didn't know.
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Mnogo toga nismo znali.
02:09
Our naïveté is pretty incredible,
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Bili smo prilično neupućeni,
02:11
when we look back on it.
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kad pogledamo unazad.
02:13
But we had a certain enthusiasm
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Ali smo bili puni entuzijazma
02:14
that that would be the phase,
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što će ta faza,
02:17
the post-Microsoft phase
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faza posle Majkrosofta,
02:20
would be our philanthropy.
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biti filantropska.
02:22
MG: Which Bill always thought was going to come
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MG: Za koju je Bil uvek mislio
da će doći
da će doći
02:24
after he was 60,
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nakon njegove 60. godine,
02:25
so he hasn't quite hit 60 yet,
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ali nije još uvek napunio 60,
02:27
so some things change along the way.
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tako da su se neke stvari usput promenile.
02:30
CA: So it started there, but it got accelerated.
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KA: To je tu započelo,
a zatim se i brzo odvijalo.
a zatim se i brzo odvijalo.
02:33
So that was '93, and it was '97, really,
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To je bilo '93,
ali je fondacija zapravo
ali je fondacija zapravo
02:35
before the foundation itself started.
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osnovana tek '97.
02:37
MA: Yeah, in '97, we read an article
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MG: Da, '97. smo pročitali članak
02:39
about diarrheal diseases killing
so many kids around the world,
so many kids around the world,
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o tome kako deca širom sveta
umiru od dijareje,
umiru od dijareje,
02:43
and we kept saying to ourselves,
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i stalno smo govorili:
02:44
"Well that can't be.
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"Pa to nije moguće.
02:46
In the U.S., you just go down to the drug store."
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U Americi samo odeš u apoteku."
02:47
And so we started gathering scientists
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I zatim smo okupili naučnike
02:49
and started learning about population,
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i počeli da učimo o stanovništvu,
02:52
learning about vaccines,
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da učimo o vakcinama,
02:53
learning about what had worked and what had failed,
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o tome šta je uspelo, a šta nije,
02:56
and that's really when we got going,
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i tada je u stvari sve krenulo.
02:58
was in late 1998, 1999.
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krajem 1998., 1999.
03:02
CA: So, you've got a big pot of money
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KA: Dakle, imali ste mnogo novca
03:05
and a world full of so many different issues.
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i svet pun raznih problema.
03:07
How on Earth do you decide what to focus on?
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Kako ste odlučili čemu da se posvetite?
03:11
BG: Well, we decided that we'd pick two causes,
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BG: Pa,odlučili smo da odaberemo dva
03:14
whatever the biggest inequity was globally,
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bilo koja najveća globalna problema,
03:17
and there we looked at children dying,
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a to su bila deca koja umiru,
03:19
children not having enough nutrition to ever develop,
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deca nerazvijena zbog nedovoljne ishrane,
03:22
and countries that were really stuck,
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i zemlje u problemu
03:23
because with that level of death,
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zbog velike smrtnosti,
03:25
and parents would have so many kids
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a roditelji su imali toliko dece
03:27
that they'd get huge population growth,
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da je broj stanovništva rastao
03:29
and that the kids were so sick
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a deca bivala toliko bolesna
03:32
that they really couldn't be educated
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da nisu mogla da se obrazuju
03:35
and lift themselves up.
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i napreduju.
03:37
So that was our global thing,
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To je globalno,
03:38
and then in the U.S.,
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a opet, ovde u Americi,
03:40
both of us have had amazing educations,
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oboje smo imali odlično obrazovanje
03:43
and we saw that as the way that the U.S.
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i shvatili smo da, to što Amerika
03:46
could live up to its promise of equal opportunity
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uspeva da ispuni obećanje
o jednakim mogućnostima,
o jednakim mogućnostima,
03:49
is by having a phenomenal education system,
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jeste zbog fenomenalnog
obrazovnog sistema,
obrazovnog sistema,
03:52
and the more we learned, the more we realized
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i što smo više saznavali,
više smo shvatali
više smo shvatali
03:54
we're not really fulfilling that promise.
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da mi baš i ne ispunjavamo to obećanje.
03:57
And so we picked those two things,
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I tako smo odabrali te dve stvari,
03:59
and everything the foundation does
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i sve što fondacija radi
04:00
is focused there.
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je fokusirano na to.
04:03
CA: So, I asked each of you to pick an image
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KA: Dakle, pitao sam vas oboje
da odaberete sliku
da odaberete sliku
04:06
that you like that illustrates your work,
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koja vam se dopada, a ilustruje vaš rad,
04:08
and Melinda, this is what you picked.
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i Melinda, ti si odabrala ovu.
04:11
What's this about?
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O čemu se ovde radi?
04:13
MG: So I, one of the things I love to do when I travel
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MG: Jedna od stvari koju volim
da radim kad putujem
da radim kad putujem
04:16
is to go out to the rural areas and talk to the women,
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je da odem u ruralne krajeve
i pričam sa ženama,
i pričam sa ženama,
04:19
whether it's Bangladesh, India,
lots of countries in Africa,
lots of countries in Africa,
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bilo da je to Bangladeš,
Indija, mnoge zemlje Afrike,
Indija, mnoge zemlje Afrike,
04:21
and I go in as a Western woman without a name.
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i tada sam žena sa Zapada, bez imena.
04:24
I don't tell them who I am. Pair of khakis.
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Ne kažem im ko sam.
Jednostavno obučena.
Jednostavno obučena.
04:27
And I kept hearing from women,
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I što sam više putovala,
04:29
over and over and over, the more I traveled,
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uvek sam slušala od žena,
iznova i iznova:
iznova i iznova:
04:32
"I want to be able to use this shot."
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"Želela bih da koristim ovu vakcinu."
04:34
I would be there to talk to them
about childhood vaccines,
about childhood vaccines,
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Ja bih im govorila o dečjim vakcinama,
04:37
and they would bring the conversation around to
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a one bi okrenule razgovor na temu
04:39
"But what about the shot I get?"
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"A šta je sa onom koju ja primam?"
04:41
which is an injection they were
getting called Depo-Provera,
getting called Depo-Provera,
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a to je injekcija koja se zove
Depo-Provera,
Depo-Provera,
04:43
which is a contraceptive.
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koja je zapravo
sredstvo za kontracepciju.
sredstvo za kontracepciju.
04:45
And I would come back and
talk to global health experts,
talk to global health experts,
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Zatim bih se vratila
i pričala sa stručnjacima,
i pričala sa stručnjacima,
04:48
and they'd say, "Oh no, contraceptives
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koji bi rekli: "Kontraceptivna sredstva
04:49
are stocked in in the developing world."
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se skladište u zemljama u razvoju."
04:52
Well, you had to dig deeper into the reports,
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Morate da kopate
dublje po izveštajima,
dublje po izveštajima,
04:54
and this is what the team came to me with,
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i evo šta je moj tim našao,
04:55
which is, to have the number one thing
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a to je da, za prvu stvar
koju žene u Africi
koju žene u Africi
04:58
that women tell you in Africa they want to use
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žele da koriste,
05:01
stocked out more than 200 days a year
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nema zaliha više od 200 dana u godini,
što objašnjava
što objašnjava
05:03
explains why women were saying to me,
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zašto su mi žene govorile,
05:05
"I walked 10 kilometers without
my husband knowing it,
my husband knowing it,
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"Pešačila sam 10km bez muževljevog znanja,
05:09
and I got to the clinic, and there was nothing there."
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došla do klinike,
a tamo nije bilo ničega."
a tamo nije bilo ničega."
05:12
And so condoms were stocked in in Africa
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A postojale su zalihe kondoma u Africi
05:15
because of all the AIDS work that the U.S.
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zbog rada na prevenciji side koji
05:17
and others supported.
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SAD i ostale zemlje pomažu.
05:19
But women will tell you over and over again,
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Ali žene će vam stalno ponavljati:
05:20
"I can't negotiate a condom with my husband.
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"Ne mogu da razgovaram
o kondomu sa svojim mužem:
o kondomu sa svojim mužem:
05:23
I'm either suggesting he has AIDS or I have AIDS,
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time sugerišem da jedno od nas ima sidu
05:27
and I need that tool because then I can space
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a potreban mi je da bih napravila pauzu
05:30
the births of my children, and I can feed them
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između rađanja dece,
da bih mogla da ih hranim
da bih mogla da ih hranim
05:32
and have a chance of educating them."
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i da imam priliku da ih obrazujem."
05:35
CA: Melinda, you're Roman Catholic,
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KA: Melinda, ti si katolkinja
05:37
and you've often been embroiled
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i često si bila upletena
05:40
in controversy over this issue,
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u polemike u vezi sa ovim problemom
05:42
and on the abortion question,
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i po pitanju abortusa,
05:45
on both sides, really.
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sa obe strane, u stvari.
05:46
How do you navigate that?
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Kako si se borila sa tim?
05:48
MG: Yeah, so I think that's a really important point,
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MG: Da, mislim da je to
veoma važno gledište,
veoma važno gledište,
05:51
which is, we had backed away from contraceptives
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da smo se mi,
kao globalno društvo,
kao globalno društvo,
05:54
as a global community.
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udaljili od kontracepcije.
05:55
We knew that 210 million women
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Znali smo da 210 miliona žena želi
05:58
were saying they wanted access to contraceptives,
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da im sredstva za kontracepciju
budu dostupna
budu dostupna
06:01
even the contraceptives we have
here in the United States,
here in the United States,
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čak i ona koja imamo ovde u Americi,
06:03
and we weren't providing them
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a mi im to nismo omogućavali
06:06
because of the political controversy in our country,
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zbog političke polemike u zemlji
06:09
and to me that was just a crime,
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i za mene je to bilo ravno zločinu
06:12
and I kept looking around trying to find the person
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pa sam tragala za osobom
06:14
that would get this back on the global stage,
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koja bi mogla to da vrati
na globalnu scenu
na globalnu scenu
06:17
and I finally realized I just had to do it.
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i konačno sam shvatila
da to moram sama.
da to moram sama.
06:19
And even though I'm Catholic,
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I iako sam katolkinja
06:20
I believe in contraceptives
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verujem u kontracepciju
06:22
just like most of the Catholic
women in the United States
women in the United States
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kao i većina katolkinja u Americi
06:24
who report using contraceptives,
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koje su izjavile da je koriste.
06:26
and I shouldn't let that controversy
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I nisam smela da dozvolim
06:28
be the thing that holds us back.
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da nas ta polemika zaustavi.
06:30
We used to have consensus in the United States
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Ranije smo u Americi
po tom pitanju
po tom pitanju
06:32
around contraceptives,
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imali koncenzus
06:33
and so we got back to that global consensus,
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a zatim smo se okrenuli
globalnom koncenzusu
globalnom koncenzusu
06:36
and actually raised 2.6 billion dollars
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i prikupili 2,6 milijardi dolara
06:38
around exactly this issue for women.
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upravo na ovom problemu.
06:41
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
06:49
CA: Bill, this is your graph. What's this about?
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KA: Bile, ovo je tvoj grafikon.
O čemu je ovde reč?
O čemu je ovde reč?
06:53
BG: Well, my graph has numbers on it.
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BG: Pa, moj grafikon sadrži brojeve.
06:55
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
06:57
I really like this graph.
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Baš mi se sviđa ovaj grafikon.
06:59
This is the number of children
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Ovo predstavlja broj dece
07:02
who die before the age of five every year.
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koja umru pre svoje pete godine.
07:04
And what you find is really
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A ono što vidite je, u stvari,
07:06
a phenomenal success story
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jedna fenomenalna priča o uspehu
07:08
which is not widely known,
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o kojem se ne zna puno,
07:10
that we are making incredible progress.
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a to je da smo neverovatno napredovali.
07:13
We go from 20 million
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Došli smo sa 20 miliona,
07:15
not long after I was born
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nedugo pošto sam ja rođen,
07:17
to now we're down to about six million.
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do nekih 6 miliona sada.
07:21
So this is a story
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Tako da je ovo u velikoj meri
07:23
largely of vaccines.
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priča o vakcinama.
07:24
Smallpox was killing a couple million kids a year.
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Na milione dece je umiralo
svake godine od boginja.
svake godine od boginja.
07:28
That was eradicated, so that got down to zero.
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To je iskorenjeno,
tako da je broj sada nula.
tako da je broj sada nula.
07:30
Measles was killing a couple million a year.
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Od malih boginja
umirali su milioni.
umirali su milioni.
07:32
That's down to a few hundred thousand.
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Sada je to nekoliko stotina hiljada.
07:33
Anyway, this is a chart
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1908
Uglavnom, ovo je tabela
07:35
where you want to get that number to continue,
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gde taj trend treba da se nastavi
07:39
and it's going to be possible,
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i to će biti moguće
07:41
using the science of new vaccines,
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korišćenjem novih vakcina
07:43
getting the vaccines out to kids.
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i davanjem deci.
07:45
We can actually accelerate the progress.
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Mi zapravo možemo da ubrzamo to.
07:46
The last decade,
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Poslednjih deset godina,
07:48
that number has dropped faster
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1812
taj broj je je opao brže
07:50
than ever in history,
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nego ikada u istoriji,
07:52
and so I just love the fact that
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2723
i volim što mogu da kažem,
07:55
you can say, okay, if we can invent new vaccines,
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u redu, ako možemo
da izmislimo nove vakcine,
da izmislimo nove vakcine,
07:57
we can get them out there,
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možemo i da ih dostavimo tamo,
07:59
use the very latest understanding of these things,
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da upotrebimo najnovija saznanja o njima,
08:01
and get the delivery right, that
we can perform a miracle.
we can perform a miracle.
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i da ih pravilno damo,
da bismo mogli da izvedemo čudo.
da bismo mogli da izvedemo čudo.
08:06
CA: I mean, you do the math on this,
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KA: Kad se ovo izračuna
08:07
and it works out, I think, literally
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1874
dođe se do toga da se, bukvalno,
08:09
to thousands of kids' lives saved every day
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2126
hiljade dečjih života spasi svakog dana
08:11
compared to the prior year.
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2054
u poređenju sa prethodnom godinom.
08:13
It's not reported.
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1847
O tome se nigde ne piše.
08:15
An airliner with 200-plus deaths
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3246
Avionska nesreća sa više od 200 poginulih
08:18
is a far, far bigger story than that.
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je daleko važnija priča od ove.
08:20
Does that drive you crazy?
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Da li te to nervira?
08:22
BG: Yeah, because it's a silent thing going on.
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BG: Da, zato što se to dešava u tišini.
08:25
It's a kid, one kid at a time.
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U pitanju je dete, jedno po jedno.
08:27
Ninety-eight percent of this
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98% slučajeva nema nikakve veze
08:29
has nothing to do with natural disasters,
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1877
sa prirodnim katastrofama, a ipak,
08:31
and yet, people's charity,
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1477
kad vide prirodnu katastrofu,
08:32
when they see a natural disaster, are wonderful.
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ljudska humanost je zadivljujuća.
08:34
It's incredible how people think, okay,
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2236
Neverovatno je kako ljudi razmišljaju,
08:36
that could be me, and the money flows.
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2776
okej, to sam mogao biti ja,
i novac stiže.
i novac stiže.
08:39
These causes have been a bit invisible.
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Ovi problemi su bili pomalo nevidljivi.
08:42
Now that the Millennium Development Goals
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510468
2211
Sada kada postoje
Milenijumski ciljevi razvoja
Milenijumski ciljevi razvoja
08:44
and various things are getting out there,
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i razne druge stvari,
08:46
we are seeing some increased generosity,
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514229
2844
primećujemo da velikodušnost raste,
08:49
so the goal is to get this well below a million,
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3271
tako da je cilj da se to smanji
daleko ispod milion,
daleko ispod milion,
08:52
which should be possible in our lifetime.
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2418
što bi trebalo biti moguće
za vreme našeg života.
za vreme našeg života.
08:54
CA: Maybe it needed someone
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KA: Možda je trebalo
08:56
who is turned on by numbers and graphs
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2096
da se uposli neko
ko voli cifre i grafikone
ko voli cifre i grafikone
08:58
rather than just the big, sad face
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2414
umesto nekog nekog poznatog,
09:00
to get engaged.
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tužnog lica.
09:02
I mean, you've used it in your letter this year,
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530107
1723
To si napisao
u svom pismu ove godine,
u svom pismu ove godine,
09:04
you used basically this argument to say that aid,
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3451
upravo ovaj argument
gde kažeš da je pomoć,
gde kažeš da je pomoć,
09:07
contrary to the current meme
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1671
suprotno ustaljenom mišljenju
09:09
that aid is kind of worthless and broken,
228
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3083
da je beskorisna i neredovna,
09:12
that actually it has been effective.
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540035
1953
u stvari, bila vrlo efikasna.
09:14
BG: Yeah, well people can take,
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541988
1980
BG: Da, ljudi mogu da razumeju
09:16
there is some aid that was well-meaning
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3180
da ima dobronamerne pomoći
09:19
and didn't go well.
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1923
koja nije ispala kako treba.
09:21
There's some venture capital investments
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1933
Bilo je kapitalnih investicija
09:23
that were well-meaning and didn't go well.
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2900
koje su bile dobronamerne i nisu uspele.
09:26
You shouldn't just say, okay, because of that,
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2839
Ne bi trebalo zbog toga,
09:28
because we don't have a perfect record,
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3118
što nismo imali savršene rezultate,
reći da je to
reći da je to
09:32
this is a bad endeavor.
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1532
bio uzaludan napor.
09:33
You should look at, what was your goal?
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1870
Treba gledati na to šta je cilj.
09:35
How are you trying to uplift nutrition
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563263
2608
Kako poboljšati ishranu,
09:38
and survival and literacy
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3404
opstanak i opismenjavanje,
da bi se ove zemlje
da bi se ove zemlje
09:41
so these countries can take care of themselves,
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1635
mogle brinuti same o sebi,
09:43
and say wow, this is going well,
242
570910
2004
da možemo da kažemo,
ovo ide kako treba
ovo ide kako treba
09:45
and be smarter.
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1272
i da budemo pametniji.
09:46
We can spend aid smarter.
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574186
1840
Možemo pametnije da iskoristimo pomoć.
09:48
It is not all a panacea.
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3412
Nije svaki lek univerzalan.
09:51
We can do better than venture capital, I think,
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579438
2932
Možemo učiniti mnogo više
od riskantnih kapitala
od riskantnih kapitala
09:54
including big hits like this.
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2787
uključujući i ovako važne stvari.
09:57
CA: Traditional wisdom is that
248
585157
2743
KA: Uvreženo je mišljenje da je
10:00
it's pretty hard for married couples to work together.
249
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4048
bračnim parovima teško da rade zajedno.
10:04
How have you guys managed it?
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591948
1616
Kako vi to uspevate?
10:05
MG: Yeah, I've had a lot of women say to me,
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1670
MG: Da, dosta žena mi je reklo:
10:07
"I really don't think I could work with my husband.
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1859
"Mislim da ne bih mogla da radim
10:09
That just wouldn't work out."
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597093
2147
sa svojim mužem.
To ne bi funkcionisalo".
To ne bi funkcionisalo".
10:11
You know, we enjoy it, and we don't --
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599240
3589
Znate, mi u tome uživamo i -
10:15
this foundation has been a coming to for both of us
255
602829
2486
ova fondacija je bila osvešćenje za oboje
10:17
in its continuous learning journey,
256
605315
2828
u smislu neprestanog učenja
10:20
and we don't travel together as much
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2759
i mi ne putujemo toliko zajedno
10:23
for the foundation, actually, as we used to
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1928
zbog fondacije, kao nekad dok je Bil
10:25
when Bill was working at Microsoft.
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1456
radio u Majkrosoftu.
10:26
We have more trips where
we're traveling separately,
we're traveling separately,
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2223
Na većinu putovanja idemo odvojeno,
10:28
but I always know when I come home,
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2142
ali ja znam da, kad dođem kući,
10:30
Bill's going to be interested in what I learned,
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2139
Bil će se interesovati
za to što sam saznala,
za to što sam saznala,
10:32
whether it's about women or girls
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1743
bilo da je reč o ženama
10:34
or something new about the vaccine delivery chain,
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2686
ili devojčicama ili nečem novom
o lancu dostave vakcina,
o lancu dostave vakcina,
10:37
or this person that is a great leader.
265
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2236
ili o nekome ko je sjajan lider.
10:39
He's going to listen and be really interested.
266
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2467
On će saslušati
i biti iskreno zainteresovan.
i biti iskreno zainteresovan.
10:42
And he knows when he comes home,
267
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1603
I on zna, kad se vrati kući, čak
10:43
even if it's to talk about the speech he did
268
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1833
i ako je u pitanju
govor koji je održao
govor koji je održao
10:45
or the data or what he's learned,
269
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1742
ili podaci ili nešto što je naučio,
10:47
I'm really interested,
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1242
da sam ja veoma zainteresovana,
10:48
and I think we have a really
collaborative relationship.
collaborative relationship.
271
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2900
i mislim da lepo sarađujemo.
10:51
But we don't every minute together, that's for sure.
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2674
Ali naravno da ne provodimo
svaki minut zajedno.
svaki minut zajedno.
10:54
(Laughter)
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4175
(Smeh)
10:58
CA: But now you are, and we're very happy that you are.
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2495
KA: Ali, sada provodite,
i drago nam je zbog toga.
i drago nam je zbog toga.
11:00
Melinda, early on, you were basically
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3586
Melinda, ti si ranije gotovo sve
11:04
largely running the show.
276
652172
2001
sama vodila.
11:06
Six years ago, I guess,
277
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1212
Čini mi se da je Bil,
11:07
Bill came on full time, so moved from Microsoft
278
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2583
pre šest godina, prešao iz Majkrosofta
11:10
and became full time.
279
657968
1111
i počeo da radi za stalno.
11:11
That must have been hard,
280
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979
Sigurno je bilo teško
prilagoditi se tome. Zar ne?
prilagoditi se tome. Zar ne?
11:12
adjusting to that. No?
281
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2036
11:14
MG: Yeah. I think actually,
282
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3054
MG: Da. U stvari, mislim
11:17
for the foundation employees,
283
665148
1989
da su zaposleni u fondaciji
11:19
there was way more angst for them
284
667137
2547
više strahovali zbog Bilovog dolaska
nego ja.
nego ja.
11:21
than there was for me about Bill coming.
285
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1366
Ja sam zapravo bila
11:23
I was actually really excited.
286
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1206
zaista uzbuđena.
11:24
I mean, Bill made this decision
287
672256
1619
Mislim, Bil je doneo tu odluku
11:26
even obviously before it got announced in 2006,
288
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2683
pre nego što je zvanično
objavljeno 2006,
objavljeno 2006,
11:28
and it was really his decision,
289
676558
1702
i to je bila zaista njegova odluka,
11:30
but again, it was a beach vacation
290
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1886
ali ponavljam, to je bilo na odmoru
11:32
where we were walking on the beach
291
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1304
kada smo se šetali plažom
11:33
and he was starting to think of this idea.
292
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2264
i kad je počeo da razmišlja o ovome.
11:35
And for me, the excitement of Bill
293
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2612
Što se mene tiče, to što će Bil
11:38
putting his brain and his heart
294
686326
2709
iskoristiti svoju pamet i plemenitost
11:41
against these huge global problems,
295
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2347
za rešavanje ovih globalnih problema
11:43
these inequities, to me that was exciting.
296
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2328
i nepravdi, bilo uzbudljivo.
11:45
Yes, the foundation employees had angst about that.
297
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3734
Da, zaposleni u fondaciji
su strahovali zbog toga.
su strahovali zbog toga.
11:49
(Applause)
298
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1675
(Aplauz)
11:51
CA: That's cool.
299
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2116
KA: To je sjajno.
11:53
MG: But that went away within three months,
300
701235
1684
MG: Ali, to je prošlo tri meseca
11:55
once he was there.
301
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927
pošto je on došao.
11:56
BG: Including some of the employees.
302
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1665
BG: Uključujući i neke zaposlene.
11:57
MG: That's what I said, the employees,
303
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1273
MG: To sam i rekla, za njih,
11:58
it went away for them three
months after you were there.
months after you were there.
304
706784
2122
to ih je prošlo tri meseca pošto si došao.
12:01
BG: No, I'm kidding.
MG: Oh, you mean, the employees didn't go away.
MG: Oh, you mean, the employees didn't go away.
305
708906
2320
BG: Ne, šalim se.
MG: Misliš, zaposleni su otišli.
MG: Misliš, zaposleni su otišli.
12:03
BG: A few of them did, but —
306
711226
1901
BG: Neki od njih jesu, ali -
12:05
(Laughter)
307
713127
1833
(Smeh)
12:07
CA: So what do you guys argue about?
308
714960
1943
KA: Oko čega se vas dvoje raspravljate?
12:09
Sunday, 11 o'clock,
309
716903
2657
Nedelja je, 11 sati,
12:11
you're away from work,
310
719560
1421
niste na poslu,
12:13
what comes up? What's the argument?
311
720981
2513
šta bude tema? O čemu diskutujete?
12:15
BG: Because we built this thing
312
723494
1645
BG: Zbog toga što smo gradili ovo
12:17
together from the beginning,
313
725139
3119
zajedno od početka,
12:20
it's this great partnership.
314
728258
1646
to ga čini sjajnim partnerstvom.
12:22
I had that with Paul Allen
315
729904
1854
To sam imao sa Polom Alenom
12:23
in the early days of Microsoft.
316
731758
1911
u prvim danima Majkrosofta.
12:25
I had it with Steve Ballmer as Microsoft got bigger,
317
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2812
Imao sam i sa Stivom Balmerom
kad se Majkrosoft razvio,
kad se Majkrosoft razvio,
12:28
and now Melinda, and in even stronger,
318
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3004
i sada je Melinda partner,
u mnogo jačem,
u mnogo jačem,
12:31
equal ways, is the partner,
319
739485
1886
jednakom smislu.
12:33
so we talk a lot about
320
741371
1757
Tako da mnogo razgovaramo o tome
12:35
which things should we give more to,
321
743128
2128
gde treba da damo više,
12:37
which groups are working well?
322
745256
2544
koje grupe rade dobro.
12:40
She's got a lot of insight.
323
747800
1253
Ona je dosta upućena.
12:41
She'll sit down with the employees a lot.
324
749053
1647
Dosta razgovara sa zaposlenima.
12:42
We'll take the different trips she described.
325
750700
2116
Ne putujemo zajedno, kao što je rekla.
12:45
So there's a lot of collaboration.
326
752816
3617
Tako da puno sarađujemo.
12:48
I can't think of anything where one of us
327
756433
1976
Ne mogu da se setim
12:50
had a super strong opinion
328
758409
3270
da se ikada jedno od nas držalo
12:53
about one thing or another?
329
761679
1836
svog čvrstog stava o nečemu.
12:55
CA: How about you, Melinda,
though? Can you? (Laughter)
though? Can you? (Laughter)
330
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2802
KA: A ti, Melinda? Možeš li ti?
(Smeh)
(Smeh)
12:58
You never know.
331
766317
1216
Nikad se ne zna.
12:59
MG: Well, here's the thing.
332
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1526
MG: Evo u čemu je stvar.
13:01
We come at things from different angles,
333
769059
1739
Pristupamo stvarima
iz različitih uglova,
iz različitih uglova,
13:02
and I actually think that's really good.
334
770798
1932
i ja mislim da je to zapravo dobro.
13:04
So Bill can look at the big data
335
772730
2008
Bil će pregledati važne podatke
13:06
and say, "I want to act based
on these global statistics."
on these global statistics."
336
774738
3012
i reći će: "Vodiću se
ovim globalnim statistikama."
ovim globalnim statistikama."
13:09
For me, I come at it from intuition.
337
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1866
A ja svemu prilazim intuitivno.
13:11
I meet with lots of people on the ground
338
779616
1933
Susrećem se sa velikim brojem ljudi
13:13
and Bill's taught me to take that
339
781549
1980
i Bil me je naučio da ta iskustva
13:15
and read up to the global data and see if they match,
340
783529
2623
i globalne podatke upoređujem,
a mislim da sam
a mislim da sam
13:18
and I think what I've taught him
341
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1089
ja njega naučila
13:19
is to take that data
342
787241
1428
da te podatke iskoristi
13:20
and meet with people on the ground to understand,
343
788669
1614
u susretima s ljudima da razume,
13:22
can you actually deliver that vaccine?
344
790283
2384
mozeš li ti uopšte da daš tu vakcinu?
13:24
Can you get a woman to accept those polio drops
345
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3201
Možeš li da nateraš ženu
da njeno dete primi oralnu vakcinu
da njeno dete primi oralnu vakcinu
13:28
in her child's mouth?
346
795868
1330
protiv dečje paralize?
13:29
Because the delivery piece
347
797198
1558
Zato što je davanje vakcina
13:30
is every bit as important as the science.
348
798756
2203
važno gotovo isto kao i nauka.
13:33
So I think it's been more a coming to over time
349
800959
2522
Tako da mislim da smo
tokom vremena prihvatili
tokom vremena prihvatili
13:35
towards each other's point of view,
350
803481
1295
stavove onog drugog
13:36
and quite frankly, the work is better because of it.
351
804776
3270
i iskreno, naš rad je
mnogo bolji zbog toga.
mnogo bolji zbog toga.
13:40
CA: So, in vaccines and polio and so forth,
352
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2273
KA: Dakle, imali ste neverovatan uspeh
13:42
you've had some amazing successes.
353
810319
3799
što se tiče vakcina
i dečje paralize i ostalog.
i dečje paralize i ostalog.
13:46
What about failure, though?
354
814118
1232
Šta je sa neuspesima?
13:47
Can you talk about a failure
355
815350
1691
Možete li da kažete nešto o tome
13:49
and maybe what you've learned from it?
356
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2096
i šta ste eventualno iz toga naučili?
13:51
BG: Yeah. Fortunately, we can afford a few failures,
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2568
BG: Da. Na sreću, možemo
da priuštimo par neuspeha,
da priuštimo par neuspeha,
13:53
because we've certainly had them.
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821705
2137
jer smo ih naravno, imali.
13:56
We do a lot of drug work or vaccine work
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823842
4374
Puno radimo sa lekovima i vakcinama
14:00
that you know you're going to have different failures.
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828216
3276
i očekivano je da ćemo imati
razne neuspehe. Na primer,
razne neuspehe. Na primer,
14:03
Like, we put out, one that got a lot of publicity
361
831492
2227
u jednom od projekata
s najviše publiciteta
s najviše publiciteta
14:05
was asking for a better condom.
362
833719
1301
tražio se bolji kondom.
14:07
Well, we got hundreds of ideas.
363
835020
1494
I imali smo na hiljade ideja.
14:08
Maybe a few of those will work out.
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836514
3194
Možda će samo nekoliko njih ispasti dobro.
14:11
We were very naïve, certainly I was, about a drug
365
839708
3379
Bili smo prilično naivni,
barem ja, u vezi sa lekom
barem ja, u vezi sa lekom
14:15
for a disease in India, visceral leishmaniasis,
366
843087
2616
protiv visceralne lajšmanijaze u Indiji,
jer sam mislio
jer sam mislio
14:17
that I thought, once I got this drug,
367
845703
1651
da kad jednom dobijemo lek,
14:19
we can just go wipe out the disease.
368
847354
1356
bolest će samo nestati.
14:20
Well, turns out it took an injection
369
848710
2580
Ispostavilo se da je bilo potrebno
primati injekciju
primati injekciju
14:23
every day for 10 days.
370
851290
1636
svaki dan tokom 10 dana.
14:25
It took three more years to get it than we expected,
371
852926
2387
Trebalo je 3 godine
više nego što smo očekivali
više nego što smo očekivali
14:27
and then there was no way
372
855313
1458
i opet nije bilo moguće
14:28
it was going to get out there.
373
856771
2368
da se sasvim iskoreni.
14:31
Fortunately, we found out
374
859139
1219
Na sreću, otkrili smo da
14:32
that if you go kill the sand flies,
375
860358
3162
ako uništimo peščane mušice,
14:35
you probably can have success there,
376
863520
2122
verovatno ćemo imati uspeha,
14:37
but we spent five years,
377
865642
1855
ali trebalo nam je pet godina.
14:39
you could say wasted five years,
378
867497
1378
moglo bi se reći uzalud
14:41
and about 60 million,
379
868875
2007
i oko 60 miliona, za nešto
14:43
on a path that turned out to have
380
870882
1340
što je na kraju imalo
14:44
very modest benefit when we got there.
381
872222
4165
veoma skromne rezultate.
14:48
CA: You're spending, like, a billion dollars a year
382
876387
3444
KA: Vi trošite oko milijardu
dolara godišnje
dolara godišnje
14:52
in education, I think, something like that.
383
879831
1935
na obrazovanje, čini mi se.
14:53
Is anything, the story of what's gone right there
384
881766
4024
Priča o onome što ste tu prošli
14:57
is quite a long and complex one.
385
885790
2456
je prilično duga i složena.
15:00
Are there any failures that you can talk about?
386
888246
3922
Kakvih neuspeha je tu bilo?
15:04
MG: Well, I would say a huge lesson for us
387
892168
1790
MG: Važna lekcija koju smo naučili
15:06
out of the early work is we thought
388
893958
1248
u početku je što smo mislili
15:07
that these small schools were the answer,
389
895206
2533
da su manje škole rešenje,
a manje škole
a manje škole
15:09
and small schools definitely help.
390
897739
1470
su definitivno od pomoći.
15:11
They bring down the dropout rate.
391
899209
1524
Tu je stopa napuštanja manja.
15:12
They have less violence and crime in those schools.
392
900733
2600
Ima manje nasilja i kriminala.
15:15
But the thing that we learned from that work,
393
903333
2146
Ali ono što smo naučili
15:17
and what turned out to be the fundamental key,
394
905479
2534
i što se ispostavilo kao ključno,
15:20
is a great teacher in front of the classroom.
395
908013
2064
jeste dobar učitelj u učionici.
15:22
If you don't have an effective teacher
396
910077
1607
Ako nemate uspešnog učitelja
15:23
in the front of the classroom,
397
911684
1066
u učionici,
15:24
I don't care how big or small the building is,
398
912750
2156
nebitno da li je škola mala ili velika,
15:27
you're not going to change the trajectory
399
914906
1654
ne možete uticati na to
15:28
of whether that student will be ready for college.
400
916560
1953
da li će učenik biti spreman za koledž.
15:30
(Applause)
401
918513
4595
(Aplauz)
15:35
CA: So Melinda, this is you and
402
923108
2310
KA: Melinda, ovo ste ti
15:37
your eldest daughter, Jenn.
403
925418
3554
i tvoja najstarija ćerka, Džen.
15:41
And just taken about three weeks ago, I think,
404
928972
1899
Slika je od pre 3 nedelje,
čini mi se,
čini mi se,
15:43
three or four weeks ago. Where was this?
405
930871
1584
pre 3 ili 4 nedelje.
Gde je nastala?
Gde je nastala?
15:44
MG: So we went to Tanzania.
406
932455
1756
MG: Išli smo u Tanzaniju.
15:46
Jenn's been to Tanzania.
407
934211
842
Džen je bila tamo.
15:47
All our kids have been to Africa quite a bit, actually.
408
935053
2703
Sva naša deca su često išla u Afriku.
15:49
And we did something very different,
409
937756
2215
Ovog puta smo uradili nešto drugačije.
15:52
which is, we decided to go spend
410
939971
1827
Odlučili smo da provedemo
15:53
two nights and three days with a family.
411
941798
2419
dva dana i tri noći sa jednom porodicom.
15:56
Anna and Sanare are the parents.
412
944217
3101
Ana i Sanari su roditelji.
15:59
They invited us to come and stay in their boma.
413
947318
3034
Pozvali su nas da boravimo
u njihovoj kolibi. U stvari,
u njihovoj kolibi. U stvari,
16:02
Actually, the goats had been there, I think,
414
950352
1499
mislim da su tu živele koze,
16:04
living in that particular little hut
415
951851
1399
baš u toj maloj kolibi,
16:05
on their little compound before we got there.
416
953250
2671
pre nego što smo mi došli.
16:08
And we stayed with their family,
417
955921
1498
I boravili smo sa porodicom,
16:09
and we really, really learned
418
957419
1934
i zaista smo, ali zaista naučili
16:11
what life is like in rural Tanzania.
419
959353
1853
kako izgleda život u ruralnoj Tanzaniji.
16:13
And the difference between just going
420
961206
1614
A razlika između
16:15
and visiting for half a day
421
962820
1719
odlaska na pola dana
16:16
or three quarters of a day
422
964539
1462
ili tri četrvtine dana
16:18
versus staying overnight was profound,
423
966001
2398
u odnosu na ostanak preko noći je velika
16:20
and so let me just give you one explanation of that.
424
968399
3491
i sada ću vam objasniti nešto.
Oni imaju šestoro dece,
Oni imaju šestoro dece,
16:24
They had six children, and as I talked to Anna
425
971890
2129
i dok sam razgovarala sa Anom
16:26
in the kitchen, we cooked for about five hours
426
974019
1775
u kuhinji, kuvale smo otprilike 5 sati
16:27
in the cooking hut that day,
427
975794
1643
taj dan u kolibi za kuvanje,
16:29
and as I talked to her, she had absolutely planned
428
977437
1811
i dok smo pričale, ona je sa mužem
16:31
and spaced with her husband
429
979248
1470
potpuno isplanirala kada da rodi
16:32
the births of their children.
430
980718
1437
i koliku će razliku napraviti među decom.
16:34
It was a very loving relationship.
431
982155
1655
Oni se mnogo vole.
16:36
This was a Maasai warrior and his wife,
432
983810
2303
U pitanju su Masai ratnik i njegova žena,
16:38
but they had decided to get married,
433
986113
1909
ali oni su odlučili da se uzmu,
16:40
they clearly had respect and love in the relationship.
434
988022
3335
i među njima definitivno
postoji poštovanje i ljubav.
postoji poštovanje i ljubav.
16:43
Their children, their six children,
435
991357
1611
Od njihovo šestoro dece,
16:45
the two in the middle were twins, 13,
436
992968
2519
ovo dvoje u sredini su blizanci,
od 13 godina,
od 13 godina,
16:47
a boy, and a girl named Grace.
437
995487
2253
dečak, i devojčica Grejs.
16:49
And when we'd go out to chop wood
438
997740
1573
I mi bismo išli da cepamo drva,
16:51
and do all the things that Grace
and her mother would do,
and her mother would do,
439
999313
2435
da radimo sve ono što
Grejs i njena majka rade,
Grejs i njena majka rade,
16:53
Grace was not a child, she was an adolescent,
440
1001748
2592
Grejs nije bila dete, bila je adolescent,
16:56
but she wasn't an adult.
441
1004340
1477
ali nije bila odrasla osoba.
16:58
She was very, very shy.
442
1005817
1751
Bila je veoma, veoma stidljiva.
16:59
So she kept wanting to talk to me and Jenn.
443
1007568
1761
Htela je da priča sa mnom i sa Džen.
17:01
We kept trying to engage her, but she was shy.
444
1009329
2835
Pokušavale smo da je podstaknemo,
ali se stidela.
ali se stidela.
17:04
And at night, though,
445
1012164
1606
Pa ipak, te noći,
17:05
when all the lights went out in rural Tanzania,
446
1013770
2807
kada je nestalo svetla
u ruralnoj Tanzaniji,
u ruralnoj Tanzaniji,
17:08
and there was no moon that night,
447
1016577
1504
a nije bilo ni meseca,
17:10
the first night, and no stars,
448
1018081
1722
prva noć, bez zvezda,
17:12
and Jenn came out of our hut
449
1019803
1826
i Džen je izašla iz naše kolibe
17:13
with her REI little headlamp on,
450
1021629
2817
sa lampom koja se nosi na glavi
17:16
Grace went immediately,
451
1024446
2138
a Grejs je odmah pošla za njom,
17:18
and got the translator,
452
1026584
1356
dovela prevodioca,
17:20
came straight up to my Jenn and said,
453
1027940
2090
stala ispred Džen i rekla joj:
17:22
"When you go home,
454
1030030
1233
"Kad budeš pošla kući,
17:23
can I have your headlamp
455
1031263
1175
mogu li ja da dobijem
17:24
so I can study at night?"
456
1032438
1730
tvoju lampu da mogu da učim noću?"
17:26
CA: Oh, wow.
457
1034168
1082
KA: O, neverovatno.
17:27
MG: And her dad had told me
458
1035250
1484
MG: A njen otac mi je rekao
17:28
how afraid he was that unlike the son,
459
1036734
2087
da se plaši da, za razliku od sina,
17:31
who had passed his secondary exams,
460
1038821
1662
koji je položio završne ispite
17:32
because of her chores,
461
1040483
1530
zbog obaveza oko kuće
17:34
she'd not done so well
462
1042013
1438
ona neće proći tako dobro,
17:35
and wasn't in the government school yet.
463
1043451
1804
a još uvek nije u državnoj školi.
17:37
He said, "I don't know how I'm
going to pay for her education.
going to pay for her education.
464
1045255
2535
Rekao je: "Ne znam kako ću
da platim školovanje.
da platim školovanje.
17:39
I can't pay for private school,
465
1047790
1826
Ne mogu da platim privatnu školu,
17:41
and she may end up on this farm like my wife."
466
1049616
2579
a ona može da završi
na farmi kao moja žena."
na farmi kao moja žena."
17:44
So they know the difference
467
1052195
1129
Tako da znaju razliku
koju daje obrazovanje,
koju daje obrazovanje,
17:45
that an education can make
468
1053324
1025
17:46
in a huge, profound way.
469
1054349
2997
i to veoma.
17:49
CA: I mean, this is another pic
470
1057346
1421
KA: Dakle, sledeća slika je
17:50
of your other two kids, Rory and Phoebe,
471
1058767
3406
tvoje drugo dvoje dece, Rorija i Fibi.
17:54
along with Paul Farmer.
472
1062173
4138
zajedno sa Polom Farmerom.
17:58
Bringing up three children
473
1066311
1614
Odgajanje troje dece
18:00
when you're the world's richest family
474
1067925
3002
kad si najbogatiji na svetu
18:03
seems like a social experiment
475
1070927
2296
liči na društveni eksperiment
18:05
without much prior art.
476
1073223
3572
bez presedana.
18:08
How have you managed it?
477
1076795
1535
Kako ste se snašli?
18:10
What's been your approach?
478
1078330
2215
Koje metode ste koristili?
18:12
BG: Well, I'd say overall
479
1080545
2633
BG: Pa, rekao bih da su deca
18:15
the kids get a great education,
480
1083178
1762
dobila sjajno obrazovanje,
18:17
but you've got to make sure
481
1084940
898
ali se treba postarati
18:18
they have a sense of their own ability
482
1085838
1702
i da budu svesni svojih sposobnosti
i onoga što će da rade,
i onoga što će da rade,
18:19
and what they're going to go and do,
483
1087540
1989
18:21
and our philosophy has been
484
1089529
2373
a naša filozofija je bila
da budemo
da budemo
18:24
to be very clear with them --
485
1091902
1222
iskreni prema njima -
18:25
most of the money's going to the foundation --
486
1093124
1545
veći deo novca ide u fondaciju -
18:26
and help them find something they're excited about.
487
1094669
4341
i da im pomognemo
da pronađu ono što vole.
da pronađu ono što vole.
18:31
We want to strike a balance where they have
488
1099010
1395
Želimo da održimo balans
18:32
the freedom to do anything
489
1100405
1793
između slobode da rade šta žele
18:34
but not a lot of money showered on them
490
1102198
3340
ali da ih ne obasipamo novcem
18:37
so they could go out and do nothing.
491
1105538
3129
tako da na kraju odu i ne rade ništa.
18:40
And so far, they're fairly diligent,
492
1108667
2978
Za sada su prilično vredni
18:43
excited to pick their own direction.
493
1111645
3208
i uzbuđeni što mogu da biraju svoj put.
18:47
CA: You've obviously guarded their
privacy carefully for obvious reasons.
privacy carefully for obvious reasons.
494
1114853
5568
KA: Vi ste pazili na njihovu privatnost
iz očiglednih razloga.
iz očiglednih razloga.
18:52
I'm curious why you've given me permission
495
1120421
2194
Zanima me zašto ste mi dali dozvolu
18:54
to show this picture now here at TED.
496
1122615
1625
da pokažem ove slike na TED-u.
18:56
MG: Well, it's interesting.
497
1124240
1137
MG: To je zanimljivo.
18:57
As they get older, they so know
498
1125377
1841
Što su stariji, više razumeju
18:59
that our family belief is about responsibility,
499
1127218
3009
da porodično verujemo u odgovornost,
19:02
that we are in an unbelievable situation
500
1130227
2115
i da smo u odličnoj situaciji
19:04
just to live in the United States
501
1132342
1618
samim tim što živimo u Americi
19:06
and have a great education,
502
1133960
1691
i imamo odlično obrazovanje,
19:07
and we have a responsibility
to give back to the world.
to give back to the world.
503
1135651
2048
i imamo odgovornost da uzvratimo svetu.
19:09
And so as they get older
504
1137699
1053
I što su stariji
19:10
and we are teaching them --
505
1138752
1020
mi ih učimo -
19:11
they have been to so many
countries around the world —
countries around the world —
506
1139772
2360
bili su u mnogo zemalja u svetu -
19:14
they're saying,
507
1142132
1132
oni kažu,
19:15
we do want people to know that we believe
508
1143264
1752
želimo da ljudi znaju da mi verujemo
19:17
in what you're doing, Mom and Dad,
509
1145016
1501
u ono što vi radite,
19:18
and it is okay to show us more.
510
1146517
1961
mama i tata, i treba
da nas pokažete više.
da nas pokažete više.
19:20
So we have their permission to show this picture,
511
1148478
2652
Tako da imamo njihovu dozvolu
da pokažemo slike i mislim
da pokažemo slike i mislim
19:23
and I think Paul Farmer is probably going to put it
512
1151130
1715
da će Pol Farmer verovatno
19:25
eventually in some of his work.
513
1152845
2455
da ih upotrebi
jednog dana u svom radu.
jednog dana u svom radu.
19:27
But they really care deeply
514
1155300
1602
Ali njima je takođe
19:29
about the mission of the foundation, too.
515
1156902
2425
zaista stalo do misije ove fondacije.
19:31
CA: You've easily got enough money
516
1159327
1922
KA: Vi imate dovoljno novca,
19:33
despite your vast contributions to the foundation
517
1161249
2591
uprkos velikim doprinosima fondaciji,
19:36
to make them all billionaires.
518
1163840
1634
da od njih napravite milijardere.
19:37
Is that your plan for them?
519
1165474
1517
Je li to vaš plan za njih?
19:39
BG: Nope. No. They won't have anything like that.
520
1166991
2336
BG: Ne. Nikako.
Neće imati ništa od toga.
Neće imati ništa od toga.
19:41
They need to have a sense
521
1169327
1935
Oni moraju da imaju svest
19:43
that their own work is meaningful and important.
522
1171262
6536
da je njihov rad važan i značajan.
19:49
We read an article long, actually,
before we got married,
before we got married,
523
1177798
3472
Čitali smo članak o tome
pre nego što smo se venčali,
pre nego što smo se venčali,
19:53
where Warren Buffett talked about that,
524
1181270
2645
gde je Voren Bafet govorio o tome,
19:56
and we're quite convinced that it wasn't a favor
525
1183915
2249
i bili smo uvereni da se time
19:58
either to society or to the kids.
526
1186164
3254
ne čini usluga ni društvu ni deci.
20:01
CA: Well, speaking of Warren Buffett,
527
1189418
2068
KA: Kad smo već kod Vorena Bafeta,
20:03
something really amazing happened in 2006,
528
1191486
2664
nešto neverovatno se dogodilo 2006,
20:06
when somehow your only real rival
529
1194150
2960
kada se tvoj jedini rival
20:09
for richest person in America
530
1197110
1552
za najbogatijeg čoveka u Americi
20:10
suddenly turned around and agreed to give
531
1198662
1370
odjednom promenio
20:12
80 percent of his fortune
532
1200032
2593
i rešio da da
80 odsto svog bogatstva
80 odsto svog bogatstva
20:14
to your foundation.
533
1202625
1717
tvojoj fondaciji.
20:16
How on Earth did that happen?
534
1204342
1736
Kako se to uopšte dogodilo?
20:18
I guess there's a long version
and a short version of that.
and a short version of that.
535
1206078
1978
Verovatno ima duga i kratka verzija.
20:20
We've got time for the short version.
536
1208056
1382
Mi imamo vremena za kratku.
20:21
BG: All right. Well, Warren was a close friend,
537
1209438
3755
BG: U redu.
Pa, Voren je bio blizak prijatelj
Pa, Voren je bio blizak prijatelj
20:25
and he was going to have his wife Suzie
538
1213193
4657
i on je hteo da njegova žena Suzi
20:30
give it all away.
539
1217850
1555
sve to pokloni.
20:31
Tragically, she passed away before he did,
540
1219405
3441
Nažalost, ona je umrla pre njega,
20:35
and he's big on delegation, and
541
1222846
3598
a on veruje u izvršavanje zadataka,
20:38
— (Laughter) —
542
1226444
2158
- (Smeh) -
20:40
he said —
543
1228602
1411
i rekao je -
20:42
CA: Tweet that.
544
1230013
855
KA: Tvitujte ovo.
20:43
BG: If he's got somebody
who is doing something well,
who is doing something well,
545
1230868
3161
BG: Ako ima nekoga ko je dobar u nečemu,
20:46
and is willing to do it at no charge,
546
1234029
4457
i želi to da uradi bez naknade,
20:50
maybe that's okay. But we were stunned.
547
1238486
2378
to je u redu. Ali mi smo bili zatečeni.
20:53
MG: Totally stunned.
BG: We had never expected it,
BG: We had never expected it,
548
1240864
2096
MG: Zaista zatečeni.
BG: Nismo to očekivali,
BG: Nismo to očekivali,
20:55
and it has been unbelievable.
549
1242960
1565
i bilo je neverovatno.
20:56
It's allowed us to increase our ambition
550
1244525
3140
To je omogućilo da nam ambicije
drastično porastu
drastično porastu
20:59
in what the foundation can do quite dramatically.
551
1247665
3617
u smislu onoga što fondacija
može da uradi.
može da uradi.
21:03
Half the resources we have
552
1251282
1504
Polovina sredstava koje imamo
21:04
come from Warren's mind-blowing generosity.
553
1252786
2884
je Vorenova neverovatna velikodušnost.
21:07
CA: And I think you've pledged that
554
1255670
884
KA: A čini mi se
21:08
by the time you're done,
555
1256554
1790
da si obećao,
kad ne budeš više radio,
kad ne budeš više radio,
21:10
more than, or 95 percent of your wealth,
556
1258344
1878
da ćeš više od,
ili 95% tvog bogatstva,
ili 95% tvog bogatstva,
21:12
will be given to the foundation.
557
1260222
1895
pokloniti fondaciji.
21:14
BG: Yes.
558
1262117
1154
BG: Da.
21:15
CA: And since this relationship, it's amazing—
559
1263271
3749
KA: A s obzirom na ovaj odnos,
to je neverovatno -
to je neverovatno -
21:19
(Applause)
560
1267020
3366
(Aplauz)
21:22
And recently, you and Warren
561
1270386
2637
A nedavno ste ti i Voren
21:25
have been going around trying to persuade
562
1273023
1880
pokušavali da ubedite
21:27
other billionaires and successful people
563
1274903
1976
ostale milijardere i uspešne ljude
21:29
to pledge to give, what,
564
1276879
1523
da obećaju da će dati
21:30
more than half of their assets for philanthropy.
565
1278402
5758
više od pola svojih sredstava
u dobrotvorne svrhe.
u dobrotvorne svrhe.
21:36
How is that going?
566
1284160
2415
Kako to napreduje?
21:38
BG: Well, we've got about 120 people
567
1286575
3172
BG: Pa, za sada je oko 120 ljudi
21:41
who have now taken this giving pledge.
568
1289747
2438
dalo obećanje.
21:44
The thing that's great is that we get together
569
1292185
2606
Ono što je sjajno je da se mi sastajemo
21:46
yearly and talk about, okay,
570
1294791
2109
jednom godišnje i razgovaramo,
21:49
do you hire staff, what do you give to them?
571
1296900
1965
zapošljavaš li radnike, šta im daješ?
21:51
We're not trying to homogenize it.
572
1298865
1227
Ne želimo da homogenizujemo.
21:52
I mean, the beauty of philanthropy
573
1300092
1048
Lepota filantropije
je u neverovatnoj raznolikosti.
je u neverovatnoj raznolikosti.
21:53
is this mind-blowing diversity.
574
1301140
2007
21:55
People give to some things.
575
1303147
1163
Daje se za razne stvari.
21:56
We look and go, "Wow."
576
1304310
2679
Mi vidimo i kažemo: "Opa!"
21:59
But that's great.
577
1306989
1108
Ali to je divno.
22:00
That's the role of philanthropy
578
1308097
1129
To i jeste
22:01
is to pick different approaches,
579
1309226
2487
uloga finatropije,
da odabere različite pristupe,
da odabere različite pristupe,
22:03
including even in one space, like education.
580
1311713
1992
čak i one u jednoj oblasti,
poput obrazovanja.
poput obrazovanja.
22:05
We need more experimentation.
581
1313705
2371
Potrebno je više eksperimentisanja.
22:08
But it's been wonderful, meeting those people,
582
1316076
2904
Ali bilo je divno upoznati te ljude,
22:11
sharing their journey to philanthropy,
583
1318980
2232
deliti njihov put ka filantropiji,
22:13
how they involve their kids,
584
1321212
1104
kako uključuju svoju decu,
22:14
where they're doing it differently,
585
1322316
1834
način na koji to rade,
22:16
and it's been way more successful than we expected.
586
1324150
2706
i bilo je mnogo uspešnije
nego što smo očekivali.
nego što smo očekivali.
22:19
Now it looks like it'll just keep growing in size
587
1326856
2695
Izgleda da će s godinama
22:21
in the years ahead.
588
1329551
2563
taj broj samo rasti.
22:24
MG: And having people see that other people
589
1332114
3512
MG: I kada ljudi vide da drugi
22:27
are making change with philanthropy,
590
1335626
1704
nešto menjaju filantropijom,
22:29
I mean, these are people who have
591
1337330
2336
ljudi koji su
22:31
created their own businesses,
592
1339666
1045
stvorili sopstveni biznis,
22:32
put their own ingenuity behind incredible ideas.
593
1340711
2648
čija genijalnost stoji
iza neverovatnih ideja.
iza neverovatnih ideja.
22:35
If they put their ideas and their brain
594
1343359
2226
Ako svojim idejama i pameću stanu
22:37
behind philanthropy, they can change the world.
595
1345585
2533
iza filantropije,
onda mogu promeniti svet.
onda mogu promeniti svet.
22:40
And they start to see others doing it, and saying,
596
1348118
2291
Kada vide druge da to rade i govore:
22:42
"Wow, I want to do that with my own money."
597
1350409
2040
"Opa, i ja želim to da uradim
sa svojim novcem."
sa svojim novcem."
22:44
To me, that's the piece that's incredible.
598
1352449
2044
Za mene je to nešto neverovatno.
22:46
CA: It seems to me, it's actually really hard
599
1354493
2918
KA: Rekao bih da je nekim ljudima
22:49
for some people to figure out
600
1357411
1246
prilično teško da smisle
22:50
even how to remotely spend that much money
601
1358657
2683
kako da uopšte potroše
22:53
on something else.
602
1361340
2173
toliki novac na nešto drugo.
22:55
There are probably some billionaires in the room
603
1363513
2093
Verovatno u ovoj prostoriji
ima milijardera
ima milijardera
22:57
and certainly some successful people.
604
1365606
2109
i sasvim sigurno uspešnih ljudi.
22:59
I'm curious, can you make the pitch?
605
1367715
2060
Zanima me, možete li da ih ubedite?
23:01
What's the pitch?
606
1369775
1234
Kako to radite?
23:03
BG: Well, it's the most fulfilling thing
607
1371009
1381
BG: Pa, to što smo uradili
23:04
we've ever done,
608
1372390
1482
nam je donelo najveće ispunjenje,
23:06
and you can't take it with you,
609
1373872
2970
a to ne možeš da poneseš sa sobom,
23:09
and if it's not good for your kids,
610
1376842
3182
a ako to nije dobro za našu decu,
23:12
let's get together and brainstorm
611
1380024
1289
treba da sednemo i razmislimo
23:13
about what we can be done.
612
1381313
2687
o onome što možemo da uradimo.
23:16
The world is a far better place
613
1384000
2190
Svet je mnogo bolje mesto
23:18
because of the philanthropists of the past,
614
1386190
2638
zahvaljujući filantropima
23:21
and the U.S. tradition here, which is the strongest,
615
1388828
3033
a Amerika u tome ima jaku tradiciju,
23:24
is the envy of the world.
616
1391861
1351
zbog čega joj zavidi ceo svet.
23:25
And part of the reason I'm so optimistic
617
1393212
1918
A razlog mom optimizmu
23:27
is because I do think philanthropy
618
1395130
1944
je što mislim da će filantropija
23:29
is going to grow
619
1397074
1614
tek da se razvija
23:30
and take some of these things
620
1398688
1119
i preuzme neke stvari
23:32
government's not just good at
working on and discovering
working on and discovering
621
1399807
2899
na čijem radu i otkrivanju
vlada jednostavno nije dobra
vlada jednostavno nije dobra
23:34
and shine some light in the right direction.
622
1402706
3470
i da će pokazati put u pravom smeru.
23:38
CA: The world's got this terrible inequality,
623
1406176
2942
KA: U svetu postoji
strahovita nejednakost,
strahovita nejednakost,
23:41
growing inequality problem
624
1409118
1161
problem koji je u porastu
23:42
that seems structural.
625
1410279
1461
i koji je strukturni.
23:43
It does seem to me that if more of your peers
626
1411740
2866
Čini mi se da, ako bi više
23:46
took the approach that you two have made,
627
1414606
2376
ljudi poput vas postupilo kao vi,
23:49
it would make a dent
628
1416982
1592
to bi ostavilo traga
23:50
both in that problem and certainly
629
1418574
1266
kako na taj problem,
23:52
in the perception of that problem.
630
1419840
1600
tako i na njegovu percepciju.
23:53
Is that a fair comment?
631
1421440
1404
Jesam li u pravu?
23:55
BG: Oh yeah. If you take from the most wealthy
632
1422844
1658
BG: O, da. Ako uzmete
23:56
and give to the least wealthy, it's good.
633
1424502
3332
od najbogatijih
i date najsiromašnijima, to je dobro.
i date najsiromašnijima, to je dobro.
24:00
It tries to balance out, and that's just.
634
1427834
2132
Tako će doći do balansa.
24:02
MG: But you change systems.
635
1429966
1756
MG: Ali tako menjate sistem.
24:03
In the U.S., we're trying to
change the education system
change the education system
636
1431722
2613
U Americi pokušavamo da promenimo
obrazovni sistem
obrazovni sistem
24:06
so it's just for everybody
637
1434335
2068
koji je pravedan za sve
24:08
and it works for all students.
638
1436403
1557
i koji koristi svim učenicima.
24:10
That, to me, really changes
639
1437960
1890
To, po mom mišljenju dovodi
24:12
the inequality balance.
640
1439850
1157
nejednakost u ravnotežu.
24:13
BG: That's the most important.
641
1441007
1582
BG: A to je najvažnije.
24:14
(Applause)
642
1442589
3548
(Aplauz)
24:18
CA: Well, I really think that most people here
643
1446137
3415
KA: Pa, rekao bih da je većina ljudi ovde
24:21
and many millions around the world
644
1449552
1745
i nekoliko miliona širom sveta
24:23
are just in awe of the trajectory
645
1451297
2549
zadivljena putem
24:26
your lives have taken
646
1453846
1308
kojim je vaš život krenuo
24:27
and the spectacular degree to which
647
1455154
3731
i impresivnim stupnjem
24:31
you have shaped the future.
648
1458885
2115
na koji ste doveli budućnost.
Hvala što ste
Hvala što ste
24:33
Thank you so much for coming to TED
649
1461000
1340
došli na TED da podelite ovo
24:34
and for sharing with us and for all you do.
650
1462340
1461
i hvala na svemu što radite.
24:36
BG: Thank you.
MG: Thank you.
MG: Thank you.
651
1463801
1936
BG: Hvala.
MG: Hvala.
MG: Hvala.
24:37
(Applause)
652
1465737
2787
(Aplauz)
24:46
BG: Thank you.
MG: Thank you very much.
MG: Thank you very much.
653
1474515
4395
BG: Hvala.
MG: Hvala mnogo.
MG: Hvala mnogo.
24:51
BG: All right, good job. (Applause)
654
1478910
4171
BG: U redu, bilo je odlično.
(Aplauz)
(Aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKERS
Melinda Gates - PhilanthropistMelinda French Gates is co-chair of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, where she puts into practice the idea that every life has equal value.
Why you should listen
The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation works to help all people lead healthy, productive lives. As co-chair, Melinda French Gates helps shape and approve strategies, review results, advocate for foundation issues and set the overall direction. In developing countries, the foundation focuses on improving people's health with vaccines and other life-saving tools and giving them a chance to lift themselves out of hunger and extreme poverty. In the United States, it seeks to dramatically improve education so that all young people have the opportunity to reach their full potential. Based in Seattle, Washington, the foundation is led by CEO Jeff Raikes and co-chair William H. Gates Sr., under the direction of Bill Gates, Melinda Gates and Warren Buffett.
In recent years, Melinda French Gates has become a vocal advocate for access to contraception, advancing the idea that empowering women to decide whether and when to have children can have transformational effects on societies. In 2012, Gates spearheaded the London Summit on Family Planning, with the goal of delivering contraceptives to 120 million women in developing countries by 2020. When asked why she got involved in this issue, Gates said, "We knew that 210 million women were saying they wanted access to the contraceptives we have here in the United States and we weren't providing them because of political controversy in our country. To me, that was just a crime. I kept looking around trying to find the person to get this back on the global stage. I realized I just had to do it."
Melinda Gates | Speaker | TED.com
Bill Gates - Philanthropist
A passionate techie and a shrewd businessman, Bill Gates changed the world while leading Microsoft to dizzying success. Now he's doing it again with his own style of philanthropy and passion for innovation.
Why you should listen
Bill Gates is the founder and former CEO of Microsoft. A geek icon, tech visionary and business trailblazer, Gates' leadership -- fueled by his long-held dream that millions might realize their potential through great software -- made Microsoft a personal computing powerhouse and a trendsetter in the Internet dawn. Whether you're a suit, chef, quant, artist, media maven, nurse or gamer, you've probably used a Microsoft product today.
In summer of 2008, Gates left his day-to-day role with Microsoft to focus on philanthropy. Holding that all lives have equal value (no matter where they're being lived), the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation has now donated staggering sums to HIV/AIDS programs, libraries, agriculture research and disaster relief -- and offered vital guidance and creative funding to programs in global health and education. Gates believes his tech-centric strategy for giving will prove the killer app of planet Earth's next big upgrade.
Read a collection of Bill and Melinda Gates' annual letters, where they take stock of the Gates Foundation and the world. And follow his ongoing thinking on his personal website, The Gates Notes. His new paper, "The Next Epidemic," is published by the New England Journal of Medicine.
Bill Gates | Speaker | TED.com