TED2010
Jane McGonigal: Gaming can make a better world
Džejn MekGonigal (Jane McGonigal): Igranje igara može poboljšati svet
Filmed:
Readability: 4.1
5,725,959 views
Igre kao što je World of Warcraft pružaju igračima načine za spašavanje sveta i podsticaj da nauče navike heroja. Šta ako bismo uspeli da upregnemo ovu igračku moć za rešavanje problema u stvarnom svetu? Džejn MekGonigal kaže da možemo i objašnjava kako.
Jane McGonigal - Game Designer
Reality is broken, says Jane McGonigal, and we need to make it work more like a game. Her work shows us how. Full bio
Reality is broken, says Jane McGonigal, and we need to make it work more like a game. Her work shows us how. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
I'm Jane McGonigal. I'm a game designer.
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Ja sam Džejn MekGonigal. Dizajner igara.
00:17
I've been making games online now for 10 years,
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Već 10 godina kreiram online igre.
00:20
and my goal for the next decade
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Moj cilj za sledeću deceniju
00:23
is to try to make it as easy
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je da pokušam da učinim
00:25
to save the world in real life
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spasavanje sveta u realnosti
00:28
as it is to save the world in online games.
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jednako lakim kao spasavanje sveta u online igrama.
00:31
Now, I have a plan for this,
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Imam plan za ovo,
00:33
and it entails convincing more people,
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a on zahteva ubeđivanje mnogo ljudi,
00:36
including all of you, to spend more time
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uključujuči sve vas, da provedu više vremena
00:39
playing bigger and better games.
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igrajući veće i bolje igre.
00:41
Right now we spend three billion hours a week
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Trenutno provodimo 3 milijarde sati nedeljno
00:44
playing online games.
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igrajući online igre.
00:46
Some of you might be thinking,
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Neki od vas možda misle:
00:48
"That's a lot of time to spend playing games.
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"To je puno vremena provedeno u igranju igara."
00:50
Maybe too much time, considering
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Možda i previše, s obzirom na to
00:52
how many urgent problems we have to solve in the real world."
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koliko hitnih problema treba rešiti u realnom svetu.
00:55
But actually, according to my research
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Ali zapravo, prema mom istraživanju,
00:57
at The Institute For The Future,
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na Institutu za budućnost (The Institute For The Future),
00:59
it's actually the opposite is true.
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istina je suprotna.
01:02
Three billion hours a week is not nearly enough
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Tri milijarde sati nedeljno nije ni približno dovoljno
01:04
game play to solve the world's most urgent problems.
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igranja da bi se rešili najhitniji svetski problemi.
01:07
In fact, I believe that if we want to survive
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U stvari, verujem da, ako želimo da preživimo
01:10
the next century on this planet,
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sledeći vek na ovoj planeti,
01:12
we need to increase that total dramatically.
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moramo da značajno uvećamo ovo vreme.
01:14
I've calculated the total we need
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Izračunala sam da nam je ukupno potrebna
01:16
at 21 billion hours of game play every week.
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21 milijarda sati igranja igara svake nedelje.
01:20
So, that's probably a bit of a counterintuitive idea,
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Ova ideja je možda suprotna zdravom razumu,
01:23
so I'll say it again, let it sink in:
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pa ću ponoviti, pustiti je da se slegne.
01:26
If we want to solve problems like hunger,
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Ako želimo da rešimo probleme kao što su glad,
01:28
poverty, climate change, global conflict, obesity,
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siromaštvo, klimatske promene, globalni konflikti, gojaznost,
01:31
I believe that we need to aspire
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verujem da moramo da težimo
01:33
to play games online
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igranju online igara
01:35
for at least 21 billion hours a week,
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najmanje 21 milijardu sati nedeljno,
01:37
by the end of the next decade. (Laughter)
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do kraja sledeće decenije. (smeh)
01:39
No. I'm serious. I am.
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Ne, ozbiljna sam. Stvarno.
01:42
Here's why. This picture pretty much
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Evo zašto. Ova slika prilično dobro
01:44
sums up why I think games are so essential
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objašnjava zašto mislim da su igre tako bitne
01:46
to the future survival of the human species. (Laughter) Truly.
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za budući opstanak ljudske vrste. (smeh) Zaista.
01:50
This is a portrait by a photographer named Phil Toledano.
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Ovaj portret je napravio fotograf Fil Tolidano.
01:53
He wanted to capture the emotion of gaming,
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Želeo je da uhvati emociju igranja.
01:56
so he set up a camera in front of gamers while they were playing.
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Postavio je aparat ispred igrača dok su igrali igre.
01:58
And this is a classic gaming emotion.
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Ovo je klasična igračka emocija.
02:02
Now, if you're not a gamer,
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Sad, ako niste igrač,
02:04
you might miss some of the nuance in this photo.
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možda vam promaknu neke nijanse na ovoj fotki.
02:06
You probably see the sense of urgency,
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Verovatno vidite osećaj hitnosti,
02:09
a little bit of fear, but intense concentration,
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malčice straha, ali intenzivnu koncentraciju,
02:12
deep, deep focus on tackling a really difficult problem.
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duboku, duboku usredsređenost na rešavanje stvarno teškog problema.
02:16
If you are a gamer, you will notice
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Ako ste igrač, primetićete
02:18
a few nuances here: the crinkle of the eyes up, and around the mouth
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nekoliko nijansi ovde, naboranost očiju i usta na gore
02:22
is a sign of optimism,
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je znak optimizma.
02:24
and the eyebrows up is surprise.
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A podignute obrve su iznenađenje.
02:26
This is a gamer who is on the verge of something called
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Ovaj igrač je na ivici nečega što se zove
02:29
an epic win.
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epska pobeda (epic win).
02:31
(Laughter)
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(smeh)
02:32
Oh, you've heard of that. OK, good,
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O, čuli ste za to. Okej. Dobro.
02:34
so we have some gamers among us.
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Znači ima igrača među nama.
02:36
An epic win is an outcome
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Epska pobeda je ishod
02:38
that is so extraordinarily positive
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koji je toliko izuzetno pozitivan
02:40
you had no idea it was even possible until you achieved it.
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da niste imali pojma da je moguć dok ga niste postigli.
02:43
It was almost beyond the threshold of imagination.
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Skoro da je van granica mašte.
02:46
And when you get there you are shocked
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I kada to postignete, šokirani ste
02:48
to discover what you are truly capable of. That is an epic win.
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otkrićem za šta ste zapravo sposobni. To je epska pobeda.
02:51
This is a gamer on the verge of an epic win.
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Ovo je igrač na pragu epske pobede.
02:53
And this is the face that we need to see
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I ovo je lice kakvo bi trebalo da vidimo
02:56
on millions of problem-solvers all over the world
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na milionima onih koji rešavaju probleme širom sveta,
02:59
as we try to tackle the obstacles of the next century --
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dok pokušavamo da prebrodimo prepreke narednog veka.
03:02
the face of someone who, against all odds
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Lice nekoga ko je, usprkos svemu,
03:05
is on the verge of an epic win.
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na ivici epske pobede.
03:07
Now, unfortunately this is more of the face that we see
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Nažalost, ovo je lice koje više viđamo
03:10
in everyday life now as we try to tackle urgent problems.
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u svakodnevnom životu dok pokušavamo da rešimo hitne probleme.
03:13
This is what I call the "I'm Not Good At Life" face,
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Ovo ja nazivam "Nisam dobar u životu" licem.
03:15
and this is actually me making it. Can you see? Yes. Good.
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A ovo ja pravim taj izraz. Vidite? Da. Dobro.
03:18
This is actually me making the "I'm Not Good At Life" face.
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Ovo sam ja kako pravim "Nisam dobra u životu" lice.
03:21
This is a piece of graffiti in my old neighborhood
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Ovo je grafit u mom starom kraju
03:23
in Berkeley, California, where I did my PhD
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u Berkliju, Kalifornija, gde sam doktorirala
03:25
on why we're better in games than we are in real life.
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na temu zašto smo bolji u igrama nego u stvarnom životu.
03:29
And this is a problem that a lot of gamers have.
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I to je problem koji imaju mnogi igrači.
03:31
We feel that we are not as good in reality as we are in games.
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Osećamo da u realnosti nismo tako dobri kao u igrama.
03:35
And I don't mean just good as in successful,
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I ne mislim dobri samo u smislu uspeha,
03:37
although that's part of it.
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iako je to deo toga.
03:39
We do achieve more in game worlds. But I also
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Mi zaista postižemo više u svetovima igara.
03:41
mean good as in
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Ali mislim i dobri u smislu
03:43
motivated to do something that matters,
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motivisanosti da uradimo nešto bitno,
03:45
inspired to collaborate and to cooperate.
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inspirisanosti da sarađujemo i radimo u zajednici.
03:47
And when we're in game worlds
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Verujem da kada smo u svetu igara
03:49
I believe that many of us become
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mnogi od nas postaju
03:51
the best version of ourselves, the most likely to help at a moment's notice,
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najbolja verzija sebe, neko ko će najpre pomoći
03:54
the most likely to stick with a problem
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i posvetiti se problemu
03:56
as long at it takes, to get up after failure and try again.
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koliko god da je potrebno, neko ko će ustati posle neuspeha i pokušati ponovo.
03:59
And in real life, when we face failure,
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A u stvarnom životu, kad se susretnemo sa neuspehom,
04:03
when we confront obstacles, we often don't feel that way.
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kad se suočimo sa preprekama, često se ne osećamo tako.
04:05
We feel overcome,
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Osećamo se savladano.
04:07
we feel overwhelmed,
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Osećamo se skrhano.
04:09
we feel anxious, maybe depressed, frustrated or cynical.
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Osećamo se anksiozno, možda depresivno, frustrirano ili cinično.
04:12
We never have those feelings when we're playing games,
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Nikada se tako ne osećamo kada igramo igre,
04:14
they just don't exist in games.
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to u igrama prosto ne postoji.
04:16
So, that's what I wanted to study
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Dakle, to sam želela da proučavam
04:18
when I was a graduate student.
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kada sam bila student.
04:20
What about games makes it impossible
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Šta je to u vezi sa igrama što onemogućava
04:22
to feel that we can't achieve everything?
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da se osećamo kao da ne možemo da postignemo sve?
04:24
How can we take those feelings from games
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Kako možemo uzeti ta osećanja iz igara
04:27
and apply them to real-world work?
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i primeniti ih u poslovima stvarnog sveta?
04:29
So, I looked at games like World of Warcraft,
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Pogledala sam igre kao što je World of Warcraft,
04:31
which is really the ideal collaborative problem-solving environment.
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koja je stvarno idealno okruženje za zajedničko rešavanje problema.
04:34
And I started to notice a few things
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Počela sam da primećujem neke stvari
04:36
that make epic wins so possible in online worlds.
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koje čine epsku pobedu mogućom u online svetovima.
04:39
So, the first thing is whenever you show up in one of these online games,
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Dakle, prva stvar jeste da kad god se pojavite u nekoj od ovih online igara,
04:42
especially in World of Warcraft,
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naročito u World of Warcraft,
04:44
there are lots and lots of different characters
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postoje gomile i gomile raznih likova
04:47
who are willing to trust you with a world-saving mission, right away.
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koji su voljni da vam odmah povere misiju spašavanja sveta.
04:51
But not just any mission, it's a mission that is perfectly matched
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Ali ne bilo kakvu misiju, ta je misija savršeno usklađena
04:54
with your current level in the game. Right?
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sa vašim trenutnim nivoom u igri. Je l' tako?
04:56
So, you can do it.
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Dakle, vi to možete.
04:58
They never give you a challenge that you can't achieve.
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Nikada vam ne daju izazov u kome ne možete uspeti.
05:00
But it is on the verge of what you're capable of. So, you have to try hard,
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Ali je na ivici onoga za šta ste sposobni. Znači, morate baš da se potrudite.
05:04
but there's no unemployment in World of Warcraft.
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Ali u World of Warcraft nezaposlenost ne postoji.
05:06
There is no sitting around wringing your hands,
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Nema sedenja i kršenja ruku.
05:08
there's always something specific and important to be done.
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Uvek postoji nešto posebno i važno da se uradi.
05:11
And there are also tons of collaborators.
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A postoji i gomila onih koji hoće da sarađuju.
05:13
Everywhere you go, hundreds of thousands of people
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Gdegod da krenete, stotine hiljada ljudi
05:15
ready to work with you
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su spremne da rade sa vama
05:17
to achieve your epic mission.
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kako biste postigli vašu epsku misiju.
05:19
That's not something that we have in real life that easily,
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To je nešto čega u stvarnom svetu nema tek tako,
05:21
this sense that at our fingertips
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tog osećaja da nam je brdo
05:23
are tons of collaborators.
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saradnika na dohvat ruke.
05:25
And also there is this epic story, this inspiring story
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I postoji ta epska priča, ta inspirativna priča
05:27
of why we're there, and what we're doing.
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o tome zašto smo tamo, šta radimo.
05:29
And then we get all this positive feedback.
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A dobijamo i sve te pozitivne povratne informacije.
05:31
You guys have heard of leveling up and plus-one strength,
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Čuli ste za prelazak nivoa i plus jedan na snagu
05:33
and plus-one intelligence.
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i plus jedan na inteligenciju.
05:35
We don't get that kind of constant feedback in real life.
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U realnom svetu nemamo te stalne povratne informacije.
05:37
When I get off this stage I'm not going to have
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Kada siđem sa ovog podijuma neću imati
05:40
plus-one speaking, and plus-one crazy idea,
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dodatne poene za govorništvo ili plus jedan na lude ideje,
05:43
plus-20 crazy idea.
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plus 20 za lude ideje.
05:46
I don't get that feedback in real life.
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Ne dobijam takve povratne informacije u stvarnom životu.
05:48
Now, the problem with collaborative online environments
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E sada, problem sa zajedničkim online okruženjima
05:51
like World of Warcraft
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kao što je World of Warcraft
05:53
is that it's so satisfying
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jeste u tome da je toliko zadovoljavajuće
05:55
to be on the verge of an epic win all the time
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biti sve vreme na ivici epske pobede ,
05:57
that we decide to spend all our time in these game worlds.
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da odlučujemo da provodimo sve naše vreme u ovim svetovima.
05:59
It's just better than reality.
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Jednostavno je bolje od realnosti.
06:01
So, so far, collectively all the World of Warcraft gamers
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Dakle, do sada, svi World of Warcraft igrači su ukupno
06:04
have spent 5.93 million years
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proveli 5,93 miliona godina
06:07
solving the virtual problems of Azeroth.
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u rešavanju virtuelnih problema Azerota.
06:11
Now, that's not necessarily a bad thing.
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E sad, to nije obavezno loša stvar.
06:13
It might sound like it's a bad thing.
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Možda zvuči kao loša stvar.
06:15
But to put that in context:
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Ali stavimo to u kontekst:
06:17
5.93 million years ago
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pre 5,93 miliona godina
06:19
was when our earliest primate human ancestors stood up.
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naš najraniji ljudski predak se uspravio.
06:23
That was the first upright primate.
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To je bio prvi uspravni primat.
06:26
Okay, so when we talk about how much time we're currently investing
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Okej, kada pričamo o tome koliko vremena trenutno ulažemo
06:30
in playing games, the only way it makes sense
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u igranje igara, razmišljanje o tome ima
06:33
to even think about it is to talk about time
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smisla samo ako pričamo o vremenu
06:36
at the magnitude of human evolution,
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u odnosu na veličinu ljudske evolucije,
06:38
which is an extraordinary thing.
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što je izuzetna stvar.
06:40
But it's also apt. Because it turns out
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Ali je i prikladno. Jer, ispostavlja se
06:42
that by spending all this time playing games,
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da provođenjem tolikog vremena u igranju,
06:44
we're actually changing what we
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mi ustvari menjamo ono
06:46
are capable of as human beings.
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za šta smo kao ljudska bića sposobni.
06:48
We are evolving to be a more collaborative and hearty species.
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Razvijamo se da budemo srdačniji i da više sarađujemo.
06:51
This is true. I believe this.
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To je istina. Verujem u to.
06:53
So, consider this really interesting statistic;
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Stoga uzmite u obzir ovu stvarno zanimljivu statistiku.
06:56
it was recently published by a researcher at Carnegie Mellon University:
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Nedavno ju je objavio jedan istraživač sa Karnegi Melon univerziteta.
06:59
The average young person today
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Danas prosečna mlada osoba
07:01
in a country with a strong gamer culture
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u zemlji sa razvijenom kulturom igranja igara
07:04
will have spent 10,000 hours playing online games
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potroši 10 000 sati igrajući online igre
07:07
by the age of 21.
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do svoje 21. godine.
07:09
Now 10,000 hours is a really
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Ovaj broj sati je izuzetno
07:11
interesting number for two reasons.
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interesantan, iz dva razloga.
07:13
First of all, for children in the United States
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Prvo, za decu u Sjedinjenim Državama
07:17
10,080 hours is the exact amount of time
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10.080 sati je upravo količina vremena
07:20
you will spend in school
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koju provedu u školi
07:22
from fifth grade to high school graduation
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od petog razreda do velike mature,
07:24
if you have perfect attendance.
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ako redovno pohađaju nastavu.
07:26
So, we have an entire
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Znači imamo ceo jedan
07:28
parallel track of education going on
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paralelan tok obrazovanja
07:30
where young people are learning as much about
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gde mladi ljudi podjednako uče o tome
07:32
what it takes to be a good gamer
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šta znači biti dobar igrač,
07:34
as they are learning about everything else in school.
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baš kao što uče o svemu ostalom u školi.
07:36
And some of you have probably read
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Neki od vas su verovatno čitali
07:38
Malcolm Gladwell's new book "Outliers."
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novu knjigu Malkoma Gledvela "Natprosečni" ("Outliers").
07:40
So, you would have heard of his theory of success,
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Tako da ste čuli za njegovu teoriju uspeha,
07:42
the 10,000 hour theory of success.
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teoriju uspeha za 10 000 sati.
07:44
It's based on this great cognitive science research
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Zasnovana je na njegovom istraživanju na polju kognitivne nauke
07:47
that if we can master 10,000 hours
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o tome da, ako savladamo 10 000 sati
07:50
of effortful study at anything
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napornog učenja bilo čega,
07:52
by the age of 21, we will be virtuosos at it.
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do 21. godine, bićemo virtuozi u tome.
07:55
We will be as good at whatever we do
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Bićemo dobri, bilo čime da se bavimo,
07:57
as the greatest people in the world.
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jednako dobri kao najbolji ljudi na svetu.
07:59
And so, now what we're looking at
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Znači, sada gledamo u
08:01
is an entire generation of young people
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jednu čitavu generaciju mladih ljudi
08:03
who are virtuoso gamers.
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koji su vitruozi u igrama.
08:06
So, the big question is,
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Veliko pitanje je, stoga:
08:09
"What exactly are gamers getting so good at?"
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"U čemu se igrači tačno usavršavaju?"
08:12
Because if we could figure that out,
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Jer ako bismo to uspeli da shvatimo,
08:14
we would have a virtually unprecedented
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praktično bismo imali na raspolaganju
08:16
human resource on our hands.
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ljudske resurse bez presedana.
08:18
This is how many people we now have in the world
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Ovoliko ljudi sada na svetu
08:21
who spend at least an hour a day playing online games.
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provede barem sat vremena dnevno igrajući online igre.
08:23
These are our virtuoso gamers,
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Ovo su naši vitruozni igrači.
08:26
500 million people who are extraordinarily good at something.
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500 miliona ljudi koji su izuzetno dobri u nečemu.
08:30
And in the next decade
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A u narednoj deceniji
08:32
we're going to have another billion gamers
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imaćemo još milijardu igrača
08:34
who are extraordinarily good at whatever that is.
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koji su neobično dobri u tome, šta god da je to.
08:37
If you don't know it already, this is coming.
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Ako već ne znate, ovo dolazi.
08:39
The game industry is developing consoles
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Industrija igara razvija konzole
08:41
that are low energy and that work with the wireless phone networks
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koje troše malo energije i rade sa bežičnim telefonskim mrežama
08:44
instead of broadband Internet
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umesto širokopojasnog Interneta,
08:46
so that gamers all over the world,
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tako da igrači širom sveta,
08:48
particularly in India, China, Brazil, can get online.
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naročito u Indiji, Kini, Brazilu, mogu da se uključe.
08:52
They expect one billion more gamers in the next decade.
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Očekuju još milijardu igrača u narednoj deceniji.
08:54
It will bring us up to 1.5 billion gamers.
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To će nas dovesti do 1,5 milijarde igrača.
08:57
So, I've started to think about what these games
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I tako sam počela da razmišljam u čemu nas to
08:59
are making us virtuosos at.
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ove igre čine virtuozima.
09:01
Here are the four things I came up with. The first is urgent optimism.
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Došla sam do četiri stvari. Prva je neodložni optimizam.
09:04
OK, think of this as extreme self-motivation.
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OK. Shvatite ovo kao ekstremnu samo-motivaciju.
09:08
Urgent optimism is the desire to act immediately
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Neodložni optimizam je želja da se dela smesta,
09:10
to tackle an obstacle,
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da se prevaziđe prepreka,
09:12
combined with the belief
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kombinovana sa uverenjem
09:14
that we have a reasonable hope of success.
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da imamo pristojnu šansu za uspeh.
09:17
Gamers always believe that an epic win is possible,
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Igrači uvek veruju da je epska pobeda moguća,
09:19
and that it is always worth trying, and trying now.
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i da je uvek vredno pokušati i to pokušati sada.
09:22
Gamers don't sit around.
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Igrači ne sede bez veze.
09:24
Gamers are virtuosos at weaving a tight social fabric.
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Oni su virtuozi u tkanju guste društvene tkanine.
09:28
There's a lot of interesting research that shows
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Postoji mnogo interesantnih istraživanja koja pokazuju
09:30
that we like people better after we play a game with them,
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da nam se ljudi više dopadaju nakon što odigramo s njima neku igru,
09:32
even if they've beaten us badly.
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čak i ako nas rasture u njoj.
09:34
And the reason is, it takes a lot of trust
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Razlog je u tome što je potrebno mnogo poverenja
09:36
to play a game with someone.
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da bi se sa nekim odigrala igra.
09:38
We trust that they will spend their time with us,
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Verujemo im da će provesti svoje vreme sa nama,
09:40
that they will play by the same rules,
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da će igrati po istim pravilima,
09:42
value the same goal, they'll stay with the game until it's over.
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ceniti isti cilj, da će ostati u igri do kraja.
09:45
And so, playing a game together actually builds up
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Dakle, zajedničko igranje zapravo gradi
09:47
bonds and trust and cooperation.
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veze i poverenje i saradnju.
09:50
And we actually build stronger social relationships as a result.
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Kao rezultat toga imamo jače socijalne veze.
09:54
Blissful productivity. I love it.
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Blažena produktivnost. Obožavam je.
09:56
You know there's a reason why the average World of Warcraft gamer
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Znate da postoji razlog zašto prosečni igrač World of Warcrafta
09:58
plays for 22 hours a week,
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igra 22 sata nedeljno,
10:00
kind of a half-time job.
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otprilike pola radnog vremena.
10:02
It's because we know, when we're playing a game,
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To je zato što, dok igramo igru, znamo
10:04
that we're actually happier
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da smo srećniji kad
10:06
working hard than we are relaxing, or hanging out.
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naporno radimo nego kad se opuštamo ili džabalebarimo.
10:09
We know that we are optimized, as human beings,
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Znamo da smo kao ljudska bića ustrojeni
10:11
to do hard meaningful work.
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da radimo naporan, značajan posao.
10:13
And gamers are willing to work hard
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A igrači su spremni da naporno rade
10:15
all the time, if they're given the right work.
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sve vreme, ako im date odgovarajući posao.
10:19
Finally: epic meaning.
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Konačno, epsko značenje.
10:21
Gamers love to be attached to awe-inspiring missions
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Igrači vole da se vežu za čudesne misije,
10:24
to human planetary-scale stories.
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za ljudske priče globalnih razmera.
10:28
So, just one bit of trivia that helps put that into perspective:
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Evo samo jedne zanimljivosti koja pomaže da se to bolje shvati.
10:33
So, you all know Wikipedia, biggest wiki in the world.
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Svima vam je poznata Wikipedia, najveći wiki (softver koji kreiraju korisnici) na svetu.
10:36
Second biggest wiki in the world, with nearly 80,000 articles,
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Drugi najveći wiki na svetu, sa skoro 80 000 članaka
10:40
is the World of Warcraft wiki.
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jeste wiki za World of Warcraft.
10:42
Five million people use it every month.
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Pet miliona ljudi ga koristi svakog meseca.
10:44
They have compiled more information about World of Warcraft
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Sakupili su više informacija o World of Warcraftu
10:46
on the Internet than any other
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na Internetu, nego što postoji
10:48
topic covered on any other wiki in the world.
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o bilo kojoj drugoj temi na bilo kojem drugom wiki sajtu na svetu.
10:51
They are building an epic story.
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Oni grade epsku priču.
10:53
They are building an epic knowledge resource
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Oni grade epski izvor znanja
10:55
about the World of Warcraft.
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o World of Warcraft.
10:57
Okay, so these are four superpowers that add up to one thing:
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Okej, ovo su četiri supermoći koje čine jednu stvar.
11:01
Gamers are super-empowered, hopeful individuals.
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Igrači su super-ojačani pojedinci puni nade.
11:06
These are people who believe that they are individually capable
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Ovo su ljudi koji veruju da su pojedinačno sposobni
11:09
of changing the world.
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da promene svet.
11:11
And the only problem is that they believe
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A jedini problem je u tome što oni veruju
11:13
that they are capable of changing virtual worlds
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da su sposobni da promene virtuelne svetove,
11:15
and not the real world.
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a ne i pravi svet.
11:17
That's the problem that I'm trying to solve.
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To je problem koji pokušavam da rešim.
11:19
There's an economist named Edward Castronova.
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Postoji ekonomista po imenu Edvard Kastronova.
11:22
His work is brilliant. He looks at why
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Njegov rad je sjajan. On istražuje
11:24
people are investing so much time and energy
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zašto ljudi ulažu toliko vremena i energije
11:26
and money in online worlds.
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i novca u online svetove.
11:28
And he says, "We're witnessing what amounts
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On kaže, "Svedoci smo
11:30
to no less than a mass exodus
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masovnog egzodusa
11:32
to virtual worlds and online game environments."
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u virtuelne svetove i okruženja online igara."
11:35
And he's an economist. So, he's rational.
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On je ekonomista. Dakle, racionalan je.
11:37
And he says ... (Laughter)
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I kaže... (smeh)
11:40
Not like me -- I'm a game designer; I'm exuberant.
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Nije kao ja - ja sam dizajner igara; ja sam maštovita.
11:42
But he says
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Ali on kaže
11:44
that this makes perfect sense,
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da to ima savršenog smisla,
11:47
because gamers can achieve more in online worlds than they can in real life.
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jer igrači mogu da postignu više u online svetovima nego u stvarnom životu.
11:50
They can have stronger social relationships
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Mogu imati jače društvene veze
11:52
in games than they can have in real life;
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u igrama nego u stvarnom životu.
11:54
they get better feedback and feel more rewarded
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Dobijaju bolje povratne informacije i osećaju se više nagrađenima
11:57
in games than they do in real life.
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u igrama nego u stvarnom svetu.
11:59
So, he says for now it makes perfect sense
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Dakle, on kaže da za sada za igrače ima savršenog
12:01
for gamers to spend more time in virtual worlds than the real world.
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smisla da provode više vremena u virtualnim svetovima nego u pravom.
12:04
Now, I also agree that that is rational, for now.
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Ja sam saglasna sa tim da je ovo razumno, za sada.
12:08
But it is not, by any means, an optimal situation.
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Ali ni u kom slučaju nije optimalna situacija.
12:11
We have to start making the real world more like a game.
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Moramo početi da činimo stvaran svet više nalik igri.
12:14
So, I take my inspiration from something that happened
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Meni je inspiracija nešto što se desilo
12:17
2,500 years ago.
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pre 2 500 godina.
12:19
These are ancient dice, made out of sheep's knuckles. Right?
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Ovo su stare kockice, napravljene od ovčijih zglobova.
12:23
Before we had awesome game controllers,
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Pre nego što smo imali strava kontrolere za igre,
12:25
we had sheep's knuckles.
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imali smo ovčije zglobove.
12:27
And these represent the first game equipment
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Oni predstavljaju prvu opremu za igre
12:29
designed by human beings.
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koju su ljudska bića napravila.
12:32
And if you're familiar with the work of the ancient Greek historian
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I ako vam je poznat rad antičkog grčkog istoričara
12:34
Herodotus, you might know this history,
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Herodota, onda možda i znate ovu istoriju.
12:36
which is the history of
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A to je istorija o tome
12:38
who invented games and why.
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ko je izmislio igre i zašto.
12:40
Herodotus says that games, particularly dice games,
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Herodot kaže da su igre, naročito one s kockicama,
12:43
were invented in the kingdom of Lydia
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izmišljene u kraljevini Lidiji,
12:46
during a time of famine.
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tokom gladnih godina.
12:48
Apparently, there was such a severe famine
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Navodno je bila toliko velika oskudica,
12:50
that the king of Lydia decided that they had to do something crazy.
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da je kralj Lidije odlučio da moraju da urade nešto ludo.
12:54
People were suffering. People were fighting.
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Ljudi su patili. Svađali su se.
12:56
It was an extreme situation, they needed
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To je bila ekstremna situacija. Bilo im je potrebno
12:58
an extreme solution.
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ekstremno rešenje.
13:00
So, according to Herodotus, they invented dice games
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Dakle, po Herodotu, izmislili su igre sa kockicama
13:03
and they set up a kingdom-wide policy:
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i ustanovili pravilo u celoj kraljevini.
13:06
On one day, everybody would eat,
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Jedan dan svi bi jeli.
13:08
and on the next day, everybody would play games.
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A sledećeg dana, svi bi igrali igre.
13:11
And they would be so immersed in playing the dice games
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I toliko bi se udubili u igranje tih igara,
13:13
because games are so engaging,
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jer igre toliko zaokupljaju,
13:15
and immerse us in such satisfying blissful productivity,
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zadubili bi se u tako zadovoljavajuću, blaženu produktivnost,
13:18
they would ignore the fact that they had no food to eat.
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da bi ignorisali činjenicu da nemaju šta da jedu.
13:21
And then on the next day, they would play games;
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I sledećeg dana bi igrali igre.
13:23
and on the next day, they would eat.
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Sledećeg dana bi jeli.
13:25
And according to Herodotus,
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I prema Herodotu,
13:27
they passed 18 years this way,
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ovako su živeli 18 godina,
13:29
surviving through a famine
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preživljavajući glad,
13:31
by eating on one day and playing games on the next.
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jedan dan jedući, a drugi igrajući igre.
13:33
Now, this is exactly, I think,
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Ja mislim da je ovo upravo
13:35
how we're using games today.
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kako koristimo igre danas.
13:37
We're using games to escape real-world suffering.
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Koristimo igre da izbegnemo patnju u realnom svetu.
13:40
We're using games to get away from everything that's broken
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Koristimo igre kako bismo pobegli od svega što je pokvareno
13:43
in the real environment, everything that's not satisfying about real life,
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u stvarnom okruženju, svega što nije zadovoljavajuće u stvarnom životu
13:46
and we're getting what we need from games.
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i od igara dobijamo ono što nam je potrebno.
13:49
But it doesn't have to end there.
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Ali to ne mora tu da se završi.
13:51
This is really exciting.
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I to je stvarno uzbudljivo.
13:53
According to Herodotus, after 18 years
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Prema Herodotu, posle 18 godina
13:56
the famine wasn't getting better,
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glad se nije smanjivala,
13:58
so the king decided they would play one final dice game.
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pa je kralj odlučio da odigraju poslednju igru sa kockicama.
14:01
They divided the entire kingdom in half.
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Podelili su čitavu kraljevinu na pola.
14:05
They played one dice game,
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Igrali su jednu igru,
14:07
and the winners of that game got to go on an epic adventure.
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a pobednici te igre su dobili da odu u epsku avanturu.
14:10
They would leave Lydia,
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Da odu iz Lidije
14:12
and they would go out in search of a new place to live,
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u potragu za novim mestom za život,
14:15
leaving behind just enough people
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ostavljajući za sobom dovoljno malo ljudi
14:17
to survive on the resources that were available,
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da mogu prežive sa raspoloživim resursima,
14:19
and hopefully to take their civilization
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i nadajući se da će odvesti civilizaciju
14:21
somewhere else where they could thrive.
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na neko drugo mesto gde će moći da napreduje.
14:23
Now, this sounds crazy, right?
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Ovo zvuči ludo, zar ne?
14:25
But recently, DNA evidence
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Ali nedavni DNK dokazi
14:27
has shown that the Etruscans,
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pokazuju da Etrurci,
14:29
who then led to the Roman Empire,
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od kojih je nastalo rimsko carstvo,
14:31
actually share the same DNA as the ancient Lydians.
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zapravo dele DNK sa narodom stare Lidije.
14:34
And so, recently, scientists have suggested
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Tako su nedavno naučnici sugerisali
14:37
that Herodotus' crazy story is actually true.
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da je Herodotova luda priča zapravo istinita.
14:39
And geologists have found evidence
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A geolozi su pronašli dokaze
14:41
of a global cooling that lasted
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globalnog zahlađenja koje je trajalo
14:43
for nearly 20 years that could have explained the famine.
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skoro 20 godina, čime se može objasniti glad.
14:46
So, this crazy story might be true.
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Znači, ova luda priča je možda istinita.
14:48
They might have actually
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Možda su zaista
14:50
saved their culture by playing games,
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sačuvali svoju kulturu igranjem igara,
14:52
escaping to games for 18 years,
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bežeći u igre 18 godina
14:54
and then been so inspired,
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i onda su bili toliko inspirisani,
14:56
and knew so much about how to come together with games,
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i znali su toliko o tome kako da se ujedine igranjem igara,
14:58
that they actually saved the entire civilization that way.
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da su zapravo spasili čitavu civilizaciju na taj način.
15:01
Okay, we can do that.
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Okej, to možemo i mi.
15:03
We've been playing Warcraft since 1994.
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Igramo Warcraft još od 1994.
15:06
That was the first real-time strategy game
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To je bila prva strateška igra u realnom vremenu
15:08
from the World of Warcraft series. That was 16 years ago.
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iz World of Warcraft serije. To je bilo pre 16 godina.
15:10
They played dice games for 18 years,
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Oni su igrali igre s kockicama 18 godina,
15:13
we've been playing Warcraft for 16 years.
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mi igramo Warcraft 16 godina.
15:15
I say we are ready for our own epic game.
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Mislim da smo spremni za našu sopstvenu epsku igru.
15:18
Now, they had half the civilization
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Sad, polovina njihove civilizacije
15:21
go off in search of a new world,
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je otišla u potragu za novim svetom.
15:23
so that's where I get my 21 billion hours a week of game-play from.
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Odatle dobijam moju 21 milijardu sati igranja igara nedeljno.
15:26
Let's get half of us to agree
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Hajde da se polovina nas složi
15:29
to spend an hour a day playing games,
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da će da provodi sat vremena dnevno igrajući igre,
15:31
until we solve real-world problems.
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dok ne rešimo probleme realnog sveta.
15:33
Now, I know you're asking, "How are we going to solve real world problems
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Znam da se sad pitate: "Kako ćemo da rešimo probleme realnog sveta
15:35
in games?" Well, that's what I have devoted my work to
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u igrama?". Pa, tome sam posvetila svoj rad
15:38
over the past few years,
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u poslednjih nekoliko godina,
15:40
at The Institute For The Future.
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na Institutu za budućnost.
15:42
We have this banner in our offices in Palo Alto,
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U kancelarijama u Palo Altu imamo ovaj baner
15:44
and it expresses our view of how we should try to relate to the future.
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koji odražava naš odnos prema budućnosti.
15:48
We do not want to try to predict the future.
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Ne želimo da pokušavamo da predvidimo budućnost.
15:50
What we want to do is make the future.
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Mi želimo da stvaramo budućnost.
15:53
We want to imagine the best-case scenario outcome,
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Želimo da zamislimo najbolji mogući ishod.
15:55
and then we want to empower people
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I onda želimo da pružimo ljudima moć
15:57
to make that outcome a reality.
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da taj ishod i ostvare.
15:59
We want to imagine epic wins,
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Želimo da zamislimo epske pobede
16:01
and then give people the means to achieve the epic win.
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i da onda damo ljudima sredstva da ih ostvare.
16:04
I'm just going to very briefly show you three games that I've made
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Vrlo kratko ću vam pokazati tri igre koje sam napravila,
16:06
that are an attempt to give people the means
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a koje su pokušaj da se ljudima pruži sredstvo
16:09
to create epic wins in their own futures.
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da kreiraju epske pobede u svojim budućnostima.
16:11
So, this is World Without Oil.
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Ovo je "World Without Oil".
16:13
We made this game in 2007.
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Napravili smo ovu igru 2007.
16:15
This is an online game in which you try to survive
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Ovo je online igra u kojoj pokušavate da preživite
16:17
an oil shortage.
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nestašicu nafte.
16:19
The oil shortage is fictional,
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Nestašica nafte je izmišljena,
16:21
but we put enough online content out there
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ali postavili smo dovoljno sadržaja na internet
16:24
for you to believe that it's real, and to live your real life
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da možete da poverujete da je stvarna i da živite svoj život
16:27
as if we've run out of oil. So when you come to the game,
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kao da je nestalo nafte. Kada dođete u igru
16:30
you sign up, you tell us where you live,
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i prijavite se, kažete nam odakle ste.
16:32
and then we give you real-time news, videos,
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Mi vam onda dajemo video vesti u realnom vremenu,
16:34
data feeds that show you
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šaljemo podatke koji vam pokazuju
16:36
exactly how much oil costs,
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koliko tačno nafta košta,
16:38
what's not available, how food supply is being affected,
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šta nije dostupno, kako to utiče na snabdevanje hranom,
16:40
how transportation is being affected,
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kako utiče na transport,
16:42
if schools are closed, if there is rioting,
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da li su škole zatvorene, da li se dešavaju pobune.
16:44
and you have to figure out how you would live your real life
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A vi treba da smislite kako biste živeli svoj stvarni život
16:47
as if this were true. And then we ask you to blog about it,
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da je ovo istina. Onda od vas tražimo da pišete blog o tome,
16:50
to post videos, to post photos.
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da postavljate video snimke, fotografije.
16:52
We piloted this game with 1,700 players in 2007,
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Ova igra je startovala sa 1700 igrača 2007.
16:55
and we've tracked them for the three years since.
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Pratimo ih već 3 godine.
16:58
And I can tell you that this is a transformative experience.
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Mogu vam reći da je ovo iskustvo koje vas menja.
17:00
Nobody wants to change how they live
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Niko ne želi da promeni način života
17:03
just because it's good for the world, or because we're supposed to.
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samo zato što je to dobro za svet ili zato što bi tako trebalo.
17:06
But if you immerse them in an epic adventure
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Ali ako ih uronite u epsku avanturu
17:09
and tell them, "We've run out of oil.
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i kažete im: "Nestalo nam je nafte.
17:11
This is an amazing story and adventure for you to go on.
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Ovo je neverovatna priča i avantura u koju se upuštate.
17:14
Challenge yourself to see how you would survive,"
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Izazovite sebe, da vidite kako biste preživeli."
17:17
most of our players have kept up the habits
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Većina naših igrača je zadržala navike
17:19
that they learned in this game.
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koje su stekli u ovoj igri.
17:21
So, for the next world-saving game,
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Za sledeću igru spašavanja sveta smo
17:23
we decided to aim higher: bigger problem than just peak oil.
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odlučili da ciljamo više, na veći problem nego što je nestašica nafte.
17:26
We did a game called Superstruct
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Na Institutu za budućnost
17:28
at The Institute For The Future.
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napravili smo igru koja se zove "Superstruct".
17:30
And the premise was a supercomputer has calculated
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Ideja je da je superkompjuter izračunao
17:33
that humans have only 23 years left on the planet.
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da je ljudskoj rasi preostalo još samo 23 godine na planeti.
17:36
This supercomputer was called the Global Extinction
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Ovaj superkompjuter je nazvan Global Extinction
17:38
Awareness System, of course.
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Awarness System, naravno.
17:40
We asked people to come online
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Pozvali smo ljude da se uključe
17:42
almost like a Jerry Bruckheimer movie.
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skoro kao da je film Džerija Brukhajmera.
17:44
You know Jerry Bruckheimer movies, you form a dream team --
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Znate njegove filmove, sklapa se tim snova.
17:47
you've got the astronaut, the scientist, the ex-convict,
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Imate astronauta, naučnika, bivšeg robijaša
17:50
and they all have something to do to save the world.
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i svi oni moraju da urade nešto da bi spasili svet.
17:52
(Laughter)
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(smeh)
17:53
But in our game, instead of just having five people
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Ali u našoj igri, umesto samo petoro ljudi
17:55
on the dream team, we said, "Everybody's on the dream team,
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u timu snova, svi su u tom timu
17:58
and it's your job to invent the future of energy,
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i vaš je posao da izmislite budućnost energije,
18:01
the future of food, the future of health,
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budućnost hrane, budućnost zdravlja,
18:03
the future of security and the future of the social safety net."
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budućnost bezbednosti i budućnost društvene pomoći.
18:06
We had 8,000 people play that game for eight weeks.
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8 000 ljudi je osam nedelja igralo tu igru.
18:08
They came up with 500 insanely creative solutions
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Smislili su 500 ludački kreativnih rešenja
18:12
that you can go online, if you Google "Superstruct," and see.
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koje možete videti online, ako ukucate "Superstruct" u Google.
18:14
So, finally, the last game,
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I na kraju, poslednja igra.
18:16
we're launching it March 3rd. This is a game done with the World Bank Institute.
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Startuje trećeg marta. Urađena je u saradnji sa Institutom svetske banke.
18:20
If you complete the game you will be certified
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Ako završite igru, dobićete sertifikat
18:22
by the World Bank Institute,
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od Instituta svetske banke
18:24
as a Social Innovator, class of 2010.
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kao socijalni inovator, klasa 2010.
18:26
Working with universities all over sub-Saharan Africa,
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Radimo sa univerzitetima iz cele podsaharske Afrike,
18:30
and we are inviting them to learn social innovation skills.
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pozivamo ih da nauče veštine socijalne inovacije.
18:33
We've got a graphic novel, we've got leveling up
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Imamo grafički roman. Imamo napredovanje
18:36
in skills like local insight, knowledge networking,
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u veštinama kao što su lokalni uvidi, umrežavanje znanja,
18:39
sustainability, vision and resourcefulness.
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održivost, vizija i snalažljivost.
18:41
I would like to invite all of you
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Želim sve da vas pozovem
18:43
to please share this game with young people,
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da podelite ovu igru sa mladima,
18:45
anywhere in the world, particularly in developing areas,
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bilo gde u svetu, naročito u zemljama u razvoju,
18:48
who might benefit from coming together
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sa svima kojima bi koristilo da se udruže
18:50
to try to start to imagine their own
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i počnu da izmišljaju sopstvene
18:52
social enterprises to save the world.
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društvene poduhvate za spašavanje sveta.
18:54
So, I'm going to wrap up now.
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Sada ću da završim.
18:56
I want to ask a question.
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Želim da postavim pitanje.
18:58
What do you think happens next?
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Šta mislite da je sledeće na redu?
19:00
We've got all these amazing gamers,
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Imamo sve te neverovatne igrače,
19:02
we've got these games that are kind of pilots of what we might do,
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imamo te igre koje su kao pilot verzije nečega što bismo mogli da uradimo,
19:05
but none of them have saved the real world yet.
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ali ništa od toga još uvek nije spasilo stvarni svet.
19:07
Well I hope that you will agree with me
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Nadam se da ćete se složiti sa mnom
19:09
that gamers are a human resource
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da su igrači ljudski resurs
19:11
that we can use to do real-world work,
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koji možemo iskoristiti kako bi se uradili poslovi stvarnog sveta,
19:14
that games are a powerful platform for change.
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a igre su moćna platforma za promene.
19:16
We have all these amazing superpowers:
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Imamo sve te supermoći,
19:18
blissful productivity, the ability
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blaženu produktivnost, mogućnost
19:20
to weave a tight social fabric,
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za tkanje čvrste socijalne tkanine,
19:22
this feeling of urgent optimism and the desire for epic meaning.
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to osećanje neodložnog optimizma i želju za epskim smislom.
19:26
I really hope that we can come together
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Zaista se nadam da možemo da se udružimo
19:28
to play games that matter, to survive on this planet for another century.
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i igramo igre koje čine razliku, kako bismo preživeli na ovoj planeti još jedan vek.
19:31
And that's my hope, that you will join me
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Nadam se da ćete mi se pridružiti
19:33
in making and playing games like this.
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u pravljenju i igranju ovakvih igara.
19:35
When I look forward to the next decade,
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Kada pogledam unapred, u narednu deceniju,
19:37
I know two things for sure:
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sigurna sam u dve stvari:
19:39
that we can make any future we can imagine,
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da možemo stvoriti svaku budućnost koju zamislimo
19:42
and we can play any games we want.
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i da možemo igrati koje god igre želimo.
19:44
So, I say: Let the world-changing games begin.
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Ja kažem, neka počnu igre koje menjaju svet.
19:47
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
19:49
(Applause)
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(aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Jane McGonigal - Game DesignerReality is broken, says Jane McGonigal, and we need to make it work more like a game. Her work shows us how.
Why you should listen
Jane McGonigal asks: Why doesn't the real world work more like an online game? In the best-designed games, our human experience is optimized: We have important work to do, we're surrounded by potential collaborators, and we learn quickly and in a low-risk environment. In her work as a game designer, she creates games that use mobile and digital technologies to turn everyday spaces into playing fields, and everyday people into teammates. Her game-world insights can explain--and improve--the way we learn, work, solve problems, and lead our real lives. She served as the director of game R&D at the Institute for the Future, and she is the founder of Gameful, which she describes as "a secret headquarters for worldchanging game developers."
Several years ago she suffered a serious concussion, and she created a multiplayer game to get through it, opening it up to anyone to play. In “Superbetter,” players set a goal (health or wellness) and invite others to play with them--and to keep them on track. While most games, and most videogames, have traditionally been about winning, we are now seeing increasing collaboration and games played together to solve problems.
Jane McGonigal | Speaker | TED.com