TEDxOslo
Rick Falkvinge: I am a pirate
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The Pirate Party fights for transparency, anonymity and sensible copyright laws. At TEDxObserver, Rick Falkvinge explains how he became the leader of Europe’s tech-driven political party, which so far has won 17 seats across national parliaments in Europe.
(Filmed at TEDxObserver.)
Rick Falkvinge -
Rick Falkvinge, didn’t plan on becoming a politician, but his dedication to civil liberties and internet sovereignty led to him founding the Swedish Pirate Party in 2006. Full bio
Rick Falkvinge, didn’t plan on becoming a politician, but his dedication to civil liberties and internet sovereignty led to him founding the Swedish Pirate Party in 2006. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:10
Thank y'all!
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謝謝大家！這將會是場
能激發動機的演說。
能激發動機的演說。
00:11
This is going to be a motivational speech.
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00:13
Because --
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因為——
00:15
imagine my motivation standing
between this strong, healthy crowd ...
between this strong, healthy crowd ...
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想像一下，我的動機就擋在
這群健康強壯的觀眾
00:23
and lunch.
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和午餐之間。
00:25
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
00:26
So ...
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所以……
00:29
I'm @Falkvinge on Twitter.
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我在 Twitter 上的帳號
是 @Falkvinge。
是 @Falkvinge。
00:31
Feel free to quote me if I say something
memorable, stupid, funny, whatever.
memorable, stupid, funny, whatever.
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若我說了難忘、愚蠢，或好笑的話
讓你想要引述，請自便。
讓你想要引述，請自便。
我喜歡在 Twitter 上看到
我的名字。所以……
我的名字。所以……
00:36
I love seeing my name on Twitter.
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00:38
So ...
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00:39
Hi! I'm Rick.
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嗨！我叫瑞克。
00:41
I'm a politician.
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我是個政客。
00:43
I'm sorry.
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很抱歉。
00:47
How many in here have heard
of the Swedish Pirate Party before?
of the Swedish Pirate Party before?
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這裡有多少人以前
曾聽過瑞典海盜黨？
曾聽過瑞典海盜黨？
00:50
Let's see a show of hands.
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請舉手。
00:53
OK, that's practically everybody.
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好，幾乎大家都聽過。
00:54
Probably due to the fact
that we are Sweden's neighbor.
that we are Sweden's neighbor.
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可能是因為我們是瑞典的鄰居。
00:57
I frequently ask how many have heard
of any other political party
of any other political party
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我常詢問有多少人
聽過任何其他政黨，
聽過任何其他政黨，
01:01
and there's always
just scattered hands in the audience
just scattered hands in the audience
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但通常只看到零零星星的人舉手，
01:03
compared to this first question
which is one-half to two-thirds.
which is one-half to two-thirds.
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相較之下，剛剛的第一個問題
有二分之一到三分之二的人舉手。
有二分之一到三分之二的人舉手。
01:07
This is actually the first time ever
that does not match.
that does not match.
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這真的是頭一次如此不一樣。
01:09
It was practically everybody.
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幾乎大家都舉手了。
01:12
So, for those who haven't heard of us:
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所以，如果你從沒聽過我們：
01:15
well, the Pirate Party, we love the net.
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我們海盜黨喜歡網路。
01:19
We love copying and sharing,
and we love civil liberties.
and we love civil liberties.
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我們熱愛複製和分享，
我們熱愛公民自由。
我們熱愛公民自由。
01:24
For that, some people call us pirates.
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因此，有些人稱我們為海盜。
01:27
Probably in an attempt to make us
bow our heads and feel shame.
bow our heads and feel shame.
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可能目的是要讓我們
低頭覺得羞愧吧。
低頭覺得羞愧吧。
01:30
That didn't work very well.
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但那效果不彰。
01:32
We decided to stand tall about it instead.
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我們反而決定要為此感到驕傲。
01:34
And so in 2006,
I founded a new political party.
I founded a new political party.
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所以，在 2006 年，
我成立了一個新的政黨。
我成立了一個新的政黨。
01:38
I led it for its first five years.
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前五年，這個黨是由我來領導。
01:40
And the European elections,
the last European elections,
the last European elections,
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而歐洲選舉，
最後的幾次歐洲選舉，
最後的幾次歐洲選舉，
01:43
we became the largest party
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讓我們成為最大黨，
01:46
and the most coveted
youth demographic, sub-30.
youth demographic, sub-30.
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且平均低於 30 歲的年齡層
是最夢寐以求的。
是最夢寐以求的。
01:50
And what's interesting is we did that
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有趣的是，我們做到這一點
01:52
on less than one percent
of the competition's budget.
of the competition's budget.
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所花的預算還不到對手的 1%。
01:58
We had a campaign budget
total of 50,000 euros.
total of 50,000 euros.
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我們全部的競選預算
也才五萬歐元。
也才五萬歐元。
02:03
They had six million between them --
and we beat them.
and we beat them.
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他們大約有六百萬——
而我們擊敗了他們。
而我們擊敗了他們。
02:08
That gave us a cost efficiency advantage
of over two orders of magnitude.
of over two orders of magnitude.
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因此我們的成本效益優勢
超出對手兩個量級。
02:16
And I'm gonna share
the secret recipe of how we did that.
the secret recipe of how we did that.
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我會跟大家分享我們成功的祕訣。
02:23
We developed swarm methodologies.
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我們開發出了群體方法論。
02:27
And they can be applied
to any business or social cause.
to any business or social cause.
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這些方法論可以應用在
任何商業或社交目標上。
任何商業或社交目標上。
02:33
Well, almost any --
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嗯，幾乎是任何——
「任何」上有個星號標記，
「任何」上有個星號標記，
02:35
there's a small asterisk by the end,
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我等會兒再來解釋它。
02:36
and I'll get to that in just a minute.
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02:39
But applying these --
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但，應用這些方法論——
02:40
and we've done this dozens of times,
we know that this works.
we know that this works.
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且我們已經做過數十次，
我們知道行得通。
我們知道行得通。
02:44
We've put two people
in the European Parliament,
in the European Parliament,
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在歐洲議會裡已經
有兩個人是我們的人，
有兩個人是我們的人，
02:47
we have 45 people
in various German state parliaments,
in various German state parliaments,
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在德國各州議會裡共有
四十五個人是我們的人，
四十五個人是我們的人，
02:50
we're in the Icelandic parliament,
the Czech senate,
the Czech senate,
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我們也進入了冰島議會、
捷克參議院，
捷克參議院，
02:53
many, many, many more, local councils --
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及許許多多其他地方議會——
02:55
and, as said, we've spread
to 70 countries.
to 70 countries.
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如剛才說的，我們的勢力
已遍及七十國。
已遍及七十國。
02:58
And that's not bad
for a political movement
for a political movement
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對於尚未滿十歲的政治運動而言，
03:00
that hasn't even been around for a decade.
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這個結果還不賴。
03:05
So today we're going
to talk a bit about --
to talk a bit about --
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所以，今天我們要來談一點——
03:09
how people are motivated
to be part of change,
to be part of change,
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如何給予人民想要
參與改變的動機，
參與改變的動機，
03:14
to be part of something
bigger than themselves.
bigger than themselves.
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讓他們願意參與
比個人更大的事。
比個人更大的事。
03:17
And how you can channel this
into an organization
into an organization
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也會談到如何將它
透過管道導入組織中，
透過管道導入組織中，
03:21
that harnesses this great power of wanting
to make the world a better place.
to make the world a better place.
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且是導入會善用「想讓世界更好」
這股強大力量的組織。
03:29
And in the end,
come out a little on the better.
come out a little on the better.
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最終，讓我們的世界
變得更好一點。
變得更好一點。
03:36
When I speak to businesspeople,
I frequently make them very upset
I frequently make them very upset
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每次我跟生意人談話時，
我都會讓他們非常失望，
我都會讓他們非常失望，
03:40
when I contradict them
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因為我會反駁他們，
03:42
and say that no, your employees
are not your most valuable asset.
are not your most valuable asset.
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我會說，不，你的員工
並不是你最珍貴的資產。
03:49
Your most valuable asset
is the thousands of people
is the thousands of people
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你最珍貴的資產，
是那成千上萬願意
免費幫你做事的人。
免費幫你做事的人。
03:53
who want to work for you for free.
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03:55
And you don't let them.
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而你不讓他們做。
03:59
They get very upset about that.
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他們對此感到非常沮喪。
04:03
A swarm is a congregation
of tens of thousands of volunteers
of tens of thousands of volunteers
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一個「群體」指的是
數萬名自願者形成的一群人，
04:09
that have chosen of their own will
to converge on a common goal.
to converge on a common goal.
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用自由意志選擇
為共同的目標努力。
為共同的目標努力。
04:14
There's this "Futurama" quote:
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《飛出個未來》中有一句話：
04:19
"When push comes to shove,
you gotta do what you love --
you gotta do what you love --
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「當情況非常緊急時，
你得做你愛做的事——
你得做你愛做的事——
04:24
even if it's not a good idea."
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即使它並不是個好主意。」
04:25
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
04:27
I mean, seriously,
what kind of idiot thinks
what kind of idiot thinks
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說真的，什麼樣的白痴會認為
04:29
they can change the world
by starting a political party?
by starting a political party?
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創辦一個政黨就可以改變世界？
（笑聲）
04:34
(Laughter)
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04:36
This kind of idiot, apparently.
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很顯然，就是這種白痴。
04:37
But it works!
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但有用啊！
04:40
What you need to do
is to put a stake in the ground.
is to put a stake in the ground.
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你需要做的事，就是踏出第一步。
04:43
You need to announce your goal.
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你需要宣佈你的目標。
04:45
Just say, "I want to accomplish this."
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只要說：「我想要達成這個。」
04:49
I'm going to do this.
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我要做這個。
04:52
And it doesn't need to be very costly.
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做宣佈並不見得要花很多錢。
04:56
My announcement was
just two lines in a chat channel.
just two lines in a chat channel.
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我只是在一個聊天管道上
寫了兩行文字。
寫了兩行文字。
05:01
"Hey, look, the Pirate Party
has its website up now after New Year's."
has its website up now after New Year's."
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「嘿，聽著，在新的一年，
海盜黨有自己的網站囉。」
海盜黨有自己的網站囉。」
05:05
And the address.
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再下面是網址。
我做的廣告就只有這樣。
我做的廣告就只有這樣。
05:06
That was all the advertising I ever did.
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下一次，我就有了數百名
活動分子想要和我們合作。
活動分子想要和我們合作。
05:08
The next time I had several hundred
activists wanting to work with us.
activists wanting to work with us.
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05:13
When you provide such a focus point,
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當你提出這麼聚焦的重點，
05:16
a swarm intelligence emerges.
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群體的智慧就會出現。
05:19
When people can rally to a flag.
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大家就能團結朝共同目標努力。
05:22
And that's what gives you this two orders
of magnitude of cost efficiency.
of magnitude of cost efficiency.
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你的成本效益能超出兩個量級，
就是這麼來的。
05:28
It's a huge advantage --
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這是個極大的優勢——
05:30
you're running circles
around all the legacy organizations.
around all the legacy organizations.
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你可以輕易超越
所有傳承已久的組織。
所有傳承已久的組織。
05:35
And there are four goals
that need to be fulfilled in your goal
that need to be fulfilled in your goal
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你的目標必須達成四項標準
05:39
in order for this to work.
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才會行得通。
05:42
These four criteria
are that your goal must be:
are that your goal must be:
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這四項標準就是，
你的目標必須：
你的目標必須：
05:46
tangible, credible, inclusive and epic.
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實際、可信、包容且宏大。
05:53
Let's take a look at them:
It needs to be tangible.
It needs to be tangible.
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我們來看看這些標準：
目標必須要是實際的。
目標必須要是實際的。
05:56
A lot of people say,
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很多人說：「你知道的，
我們應該要讓世界變得更好。」
我們應該要讓世界變得更好。」
05:57
"Well, you know, we should make
the world a better place,"
the world a better place,"
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或「對啊，我們現在
都應該感覺很好了。」
都應該感覺很好了。」
06:00
or, "Yeah, we should all feel good now."
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06:05
Not going to work.
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這樣行不通的。
06:07
You need a binary.
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你需要黑白分明的答案。
06:09
Are we there yet, or are we not there yet?
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我們達成了？還是還沒達成？
06:12
It needs to be credible.
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它必須要是可信的。
看到你貼出來的專案計畫時，
看到你貼出來的專案計畫時，
06:13
Somebody seeing the project plan
that you're posting needs to see
that you're posting needs to see
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必須要看見：是的，
這項專案計畫會帶領我們
這項專案計畫會帶領我們
06:16
that, yes, this project plan will take us
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06:19
from where we are to where we want to be.
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從我們的現狀
邁進到想達成的目標。
邁進到想達成的目標。
06:21
You need to break it down into subgoals
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你必須把目標細分成子目標，
06:23
that each by themselves
are seen as doable,
are seen as doable,
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每個子目標都必須要是可行的，
06:26
and when you add the subgoals together,
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當你把子目標加起來，
06:28
we've gone to where we want.
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我們就已經達我們想要的了。
目標必須要是——
06:31
It needs to be --
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在群體合作方面，接下來
就會越來越讓人興奮了——
就會越來越讓人興奮了——
06:32
and this is where it gets exciting
in terms of working swarmwise --
in terms of working swarmwise --
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06:36
it needs to be inclusive.
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目標必須是包容的。
06:38
Anybody who sees this project plan
needs to immediately say,
needs to immediately say,
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任何人在看到這個專案計畫
之後，必須要馬上說：
之後，必須要馬上說：
06:41
"I want to do this --
and there's my spot!"
and there's my spot!"
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「我想要做這個——
我的位置在那裡！」
我的位置在那裡！」
06:46
And they will be able
to jump right into the project
to jump right into the project
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他們可以立刻投入專案，
06:49
and start working on it
without asking anybody's permission.
without asking anybody's permission.
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無須向任何人尋求許可，
就開始進行專案。
06:55
And that is exactly what'll happen.
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會發生的狀況就是如此。
06:58
And, last but not least,
it needs to be epic.
it needs to be epic.
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最後一項，但也一樣重要。
目標必須要宏大。
目標必須要宏大。
07:03
It needs to energize people.
It needs to electrify people.
It needs to electrify people.
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它必須讓人精力充沛，能量十足。
07:07
Shoot for the moon!
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為登月而努力吧！
07:10
On second thought,
don't shoot for the moon,
don't shoot for the moon,
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再重新想想，還是別選登月好了，
07:12
we've already been there --
shoot for Mars!
shoot for Mars!
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我們已經登陸過月球了——
為登陸火星努力吧！
為登陸火星努力吧！
07:15
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
07:19
In contrast,
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相對的，
07:21
you will never be able
to get a volunteer swarm forming
to get a volunteer swarm forming
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你永遠不可能靠
「去做出史上最正確的稅務稽核」
07:26
around making the most
correct tax audit ever.
correct tax audit ever.
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這種目標來形成一個自願者群體。
07:33
Doesn't electrify people. Go to Mars.
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真讓人沒有動力。還是登陸火星吧！
07:38
A lot of people
kind of balk at the obstacles.
kind of balk at the obstacles.
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很多人遇到障礙時會止步不前。
07:40
We're going to climb a huge mountain.
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我們要去爬一座大山。
07:43
So how do you motivate people to do that?
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你要怎麼給人動機去爬？
07:45
Well, it turns out
that obstacles are not the problem.
that obstacles are not the problem.
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結果發現，問題不在於障礙。
07:49
Not knowing the obstacles is the problem.
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不知道障礙才是問題。
07:51
If you know how high the mountain is,
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如果你知道這座山有多高，
07:53
you know exactly
what it takes to scale it.
what it takes to scale it.
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你就會清楚知道
爬上去的代價是什麼。
爬上去的代價是什麼。
07:56
We know exactly how far away Mars is
and what it takes to get there.
and what it takes to get there.
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我們很清楚知道火星有多遠，
及登陸火星要花的代價。
及登陸火星要花的代價。
08:00
If you can plan it like a project,
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如果你把它這個當作
一個專案來規劃，
一個專案來規劃，
08:03
you can plan what resources you need
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你可以規劃你需要什麼資源，
08:05
and you can execute it,
exactly like a project.
exactly like a project.
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你可以完全把它當作
一個專案來執行。
一個專案來執行。
08:08
Let's see: we're going to Mars,
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想想看：我們要登陸火星，
08:10
we need two dozen
volunteer rocket scientists,
volunteer rocket scientists,
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我們需要二十四名
自願的火箭科學家，
自願的火箭科學家，
08:13
one dozen volunteer metallurgists,
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十二名自願的冶金學家，
08:16
some crazy dude who will mix
rocket fuel in his backyard
rocket fuel in his backyard
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和一些會在自家後院
混合火箭燃料的瘋子，
混合火箭燃料的瘋子，
08:20
and so on.
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諸如此類。
08:22
When you can list the resources,
you know what you need to get there.
you know what you need to get there.
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當你能列出資源，你就知道
你需要什麼才能登陸火星了。
你需要什麼才能登陸火星了。
08:26
When you know what you need
to get there, you can go there.
to get there, you can go there.
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當你知道你需要什麼才能
登陸火星時，你就能登陸火星了。
登陸火星時，你就能登陸火星了。
08:32
And the next thing is to encourage
this development of a swarm intelligence,
this development of a swarm intelligence,
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下一步就是要設法鼓勵
群體智慧的開發，
08:38
which is where
the cost efficiency comes in.
the cost efficiency comes in.
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這就和成本效益有關了。
08:42
There's a TED Talk on motivation
that debunks that we work for money,
that debunks that we work for money,
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有一場談動機的 TED 演說，
揭露出我們是為錢而努力，
08:49
and it presents science on how
we're really motivated by three things,
we're really motivated by three things,
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它用科學呈現出
就更大的創意工作來說，
就更大的創意工作來說，
三種動機如何驅使我們，
08:55
in terms of larger creative tasks,
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08:57
when we work for something
bigger than ourselves.
bigger than ourselves.
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讓我們為了比個人私利
還重要的事而努力。
還重要的事而努力。
09:00
We work for autonomy, mastery and purpose.
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我們會為了自主、
精通和目的而努力。
精通和目的而努力。
09:06
We've covered purpose already.
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我們剛剛已經談過了目的。
09:08
As in, working for something bigger,
tangible, credible, inclusive and epic.
tangible, credible, inclusive and epic.
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也就是，為了更大、實際、
可信、包容且宏大的目標努力。
09:14
So, where that motivation talk ends,
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在那場動機的演說結束時，
09:18
what it doesn't answer is,
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它沒有回答一個問題，
09:21
how do you build an organization
that harnesses this motivational power.
that harnesses this motivational power.
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你要怎麼建立一個組織，
來利用這種動機力量？
來利用這種動機力量？
09:27
And this is where
working swarmwise comes in,
working swarmwise comes in,
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這就是群體智慧該導入的地方了，
09:30
this is where swarm intelligence comes in.
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這就是要用到群體智慧的地方了。
09:32
Turns out that there are three factors
that you optimize for --
that you optimize for --
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結果發現，你要把
三個因子最佳化——
三個因子最佳化——
09:36
and each of these are in complete opposite
to what you learn at a business school.
to what you learn at a business school.
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這三個因子，每一個都
和你在商學院所學的完全相反。
和你在商學院所學的完全相反。
09:42
But it works.
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但它是有用的。
09:44
We know it works.
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我們知道它可行。
09:45
We have people in many, many
parliaments to prove it.
parliaments to prove it.
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我們有很多很多議會中的人，
都能證明這一點。
都能證明這一點。
09:50
Those three factors are:
speed, trust and scalability.
speed, trust and scalability.
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這三個因子是：
速度、信任，和可擴展性。
09:57
We optimize for speed
by cutting bottlenecks out of the loop,
by cutting bottlenecks out of the loop,
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我們將速度最佳化的方式，
是要把瓶頸從環路當中除去，
是要把瓶頸從環路當中除去，
10:01
cutting them out of the decision loop.
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從決策環路當中除去。
10:03
That means cutting yourself
out of the decision loop,
out of the decision loop,
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意思就是把你自己
從決策環路當中除去，
從決策環路當中除去，
10:07
which can be hard.
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這可能很難做到。
10:08
But you've got to communicate your vision
so passionately, so strongly,
so passionately, so strongly,
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但你必須非常熱情、非常強力地
把你的願景傳遞出來，
10:14
that everybody knows what the goal is
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讓所有人都知道目標是什麼，
10:17
and can find something, some step
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且有辦法找到某種東西、某種方式
10:20
that takes the movement
just a little closer to that goal.
just a little closer to that goal.
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來朝目標再邁進一步。
10:24
And when tens of thousands of people
do that on a weekly basis,
do that on a weekly basis,
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當數萬人每週都這樣做時，
10:29
you become an unstoppable force.
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你們就成了一股所向無敵的力量。
10:32
We had a three-person rule
in our organization,
in our organization,
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我們的組織中
有一條「三人」規則，
有一條「三人」規則，
10:35
saying that if three self-identified
volunteers in the movement
volunteers in the movement
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這條規則是，在這運動中
有三位自認為是自願者的人
有三位自認為是自願者的人
10:39
were in agreement that something
was good for the movement,
was good for the movement,
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都認同某件事對這運動是有益的，
他們就得到最高層的許可，
10:42
they had the green light
from the highest office
from the highest office
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能以組織之名放手去做這件事，
包括可以花費資源。
包括可以花費資源。
10:44
to go ahead and act
in the name of the organization,
in the name of the organization,
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10:46
including spending resources.
185
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1400
10:49
When you talk about
this kind of empowerment
this kind of empowerment
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當你和傳統生意人
談到這種賦權時，
談到這種賦權時，
10:51
to traditional businesspeople,
187
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10:53
they think you belong in a zoo.
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他們會認為你是動物園跑出來的。
10:56
But you know what?
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但你知道嗎？
10:58
I led this organization for five years,
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我領導了這個組織五年，
11:01
there were 50,000 registered members
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有五萬名登記在冊的成員，
11:05
and many, many more anonymous activists.
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還有許許多多匿名的活動分子。
11:08
It was not abused once.
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這條規則從來沒有被濫用過。
11:12
Everybody had the key
to the treasure chest.
to the treasure chest.
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每個人都擁有這個寶箱的鑰匙。
11:14
It was not abused one single time.
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它卻從來沒有被濫用過，
一次也沒有。
一次也沒有。
11:17
Turns out when you give people
the keys to the castle,
the keys to the castle,
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結果發現，當你把
城堡的鑰匙交給大家，
城堡的鑰匙交給大家，
11:20
and look them in the eye
and say, "I trust you,"
and say, "I trust you,"
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並看著他們的眼睛，
說：「我相信你。」
說：「我相信你。」
11:25
they step up to the plate.
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1600
他們就會開始做該做的事。
11:28
And that's a beautiful thing
to see happen.
to see happen.
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看到這樣的事發生，真的很美好。
11:32
Obviously, not everything
went according to plan,
went according to plan,
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很顯然並非每件事都會按照
計畫走，但那不一樣。
計畫走，但那不一樣。
11:34
but that's a different thing.
201
686760
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我們會犯錯，我們應該
要預期錯誤會發生。
要預期錯誤會發生。
11:36
We made mistakes.
We should expect mistakes.
We should expect mistakes.
202
688200
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11:38
If you're pioneering something,
that means you must, by definition,
that means you must, by definition,
203
690640
3656
如果你要當某件事的先鋒，
根據定義，你就必須要
根據定義，你就必須要
11:42
venture into the unknown.
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冒險探索未知的領域。
11:44
When you're trying the unknown,
some things won't go as planned.
some things won't go as planned.
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當你要嘗試未知的事物，
總會有計畫之外的事發生。
總會有計畫之外的事發生。
11:47
That's part of the definition
of venturing into the unknown.
of venturing into the unknown.
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699320
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這本來就是冒險探索
未知領域的定義。
未知領域的定義。
11:50
To find the great,
you must allow mistakes to happen.
you must allow mistakes to happen.
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為了有大收穫，
你必須容許錯誤發生。
你必須容許錯誤發生。
11:54
So you must communicate
that we expect some things to go wrong
that we expect some things to go wrong
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所以你必須要讓大家知道，
出錯是預期中的事，
出錯是預期中的事，
11:58
to create a risk-positive environment.
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來創造一個正向風險的環境。
12:03
Therefore we optimize for iteration speed.
210
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因此，我們把重覆的速度最佳化。
12:07
Meaning that we try, we fail,
we try again, we fail faster,
we try again, we fail faster,
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意即，我們嘗試，失敗，
再嘗試，失敗得更快，
再嘗試，失敗得更快，
12:12
we fail better, we try again,
we fail better again.
we fail better again.
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失敗得更好，再嘗試，
再失敗得更好。
再失敗得更好。
12:15
Maybe after we've tried 15 times,
we've mastered some specific subject,
we've mastered some specific subject,
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4336
也許在我們試了十五次之後，
我們就精通了某件事，
我們就精通了某件事，
12:20
so you want to minimize the time
it takes to try those 15 times.
it takes to try those 15 times.
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所以你會想要把這十五次
嘗試的時間縮到最短。
嘗試的時間縮到最短。
12:24
We optimize on trust.
We encourage diversity.
We encourage diversity.
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我們本著信任來做
最佳化，鼓勵多樣性。
最佳化，鼓勵多樣性。
12:27
You need to communicate
your vision so strongly
your vision so strongly
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你必須強力地
將你的願景傳達出來，
將你的願景傳達出來，
12:29
so that everybody can translate it
into their own context
into their own context
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讓每個人都可以把它轉換到
他們自己的脈絡情境當中，
他們自己的脈絡情境當中，
12:34
because language is an incredibly strong
218
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因為語言是一種非常強大、
12:38
inclusionary and exclusionary
social marker.
social marker.
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3800
包容，和排擠的社會標記。
12:44
This one-brand-fits-all message --
220
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3256
所謂適用任何人的
訊息——算了吧！
訊息——算了吧！
12:48
forget it!
221
760080
1216
12:49
That's what they teach you
at business school -- it doesn't work.
at business school -- it doesn't work.
222
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那是在商學院裡教的東西——
行不通，或者說，
行不通，或者說，
12:52
Or at least, it doesn't give you
the cost-efficiency advantage
the cost-efficiency advantage
223
764440
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它無法給予你群體合作的
成本效益優勢。
成本效益優勢。
12:56
of working swarmwise.
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13:00
This leads to a lot of different
approaches tried in parallel
approaches tried in parallel
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這就會導致不同的社群
同時在嘗試許多不同的方法，
同時在嘗試許多不同的方法，
13:03
in different social groups
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13:05
who try out different methods
of working toward the goal.
of working toward the goal.
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4000
他們嘗試不同的方法，
以朝目標邁進。
以朝目標邁進。
13:10
Some of them will work
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1856
有些方法會有用，
13:11
but in order to find the great ones,
you need this diversity.
you need this diversity.
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4056
但為了要找到很棒的方法，
你會需要這種多樣性。
你會需要這種多樣性。
13:16
And you need to communicate
that we need that diversity.
that we need that diversity.
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且你必須讓大家知道
我們需要這種多樣性。
我們需要這種多樣性。
13:19
If somebody on this side
does not understand
does not understand
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如果這一邊有人不了解
那些人在做什麼，
那些人在做什麼，
13:22
what those guys are doing,
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沒關係的，因為我們都相信彼此
是在做對這個運動有益的事。
是在做對這個運動有益的事。
13:24
that's OK because we all trust each other
to work for the better of the movement.
to work for the better of the movement.
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13:28
And it's OK that I don't understand
their social context.
their social context.
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就算我不了解他們的
社會現況也沒關係。
社會現況也沒關係。
我並不預期能夠了解——
但我了解我自己的社會現況。
但我了解我自己的社會現況。
13:31
I'm not expected to --
I understand my social context.
I understand my social context.
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13:34
I contribute with something I know.
236
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我貢獻我所知道的。
13:37
Make people aware of this diversity.
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讓大家意識到這種多元性。
13:39
Finally, scalability.
Get feet on the ground.
Get feet on the ground.
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最後，可擴展性。務實一點。
13:42
Again, in business school,
they teach you to use a lean organization.
they teach you to use a lean organization.
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3456
同樣的，在商學院裡，
你所學到要採用精實組織。
你所學到要採用精實組織。
13:46
Forget that.
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忘了它吧。
13:48
Just scale up the organization
from the get-go.
from the get-go.
241
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只管把組織從最開始越做越大。
13:50
Start with 10,000 empty boxes
and an org chart
and an org chart
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從一萬個空格和一張組織圖開始，
13:53
covering down to every minor city.
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3176
向下涵蓋到每一個小城市。
13:56
When you have lots and lots
of small responsibilities
of small responsibilities
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當你在支持群體的框架上
有很多很多
13:59
in such a scaffolding
that supports the swarm,
that supports the swarm,
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3536
支持活動分子的小責任時，
14:03
supports the activists,
246
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14:05
you'll find that these boxes
in the org charts
in the org charts
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你會發現組織圖上的這些空格
14:09
are getting filled in quite rapidly,
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很快就被填滿，
14:12
and they start to get filled in
beyond your horizon
beyond your horizon
249
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2536
而且填入的內容會超出你的眼界，
14:14
with people you've never heard of.
250
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很多填入的人你根本沒聽過。
14:17
And so, this swarm keeps growing
to tens of thousands of people,
to tens of thousands of people,
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這個群體不斷成長再成長，
到有數萬人，
14:24
each taking on something small
with very, very decentralized mandate
with very, very decentralized mandate
252
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每個人都在處理某個小工作，
在非常非常分散式的
授權委任為組織工作，
授權委任為組織工作，
14:29
to act on the organization.
253
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14:31
And this is when
a swarm intelligence emerges.
a swarm intelligence emerges.
254
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這時，群體智慧就會出現。
14:34
This is when you have this beehive logic
where everybody knows what's to be done.
where everybody knows what's to be done.
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這時就會形成蜂巢邏輯，
人人都知道該做什麼。
14:40
Everybody is taking
their own small steps towards it.
their own small steps towards it.
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每個人都盡自己一點點的
本分來把必要的事完成。
本分來把必要的事完成。
14:43
So the swarm starts to act
as a coherent organism.
as a coherent organism.
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群體就會開始
像一個一致的有機體在運作。
14:49
And it's amazing to watch.
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光看就覺得很了不起。
14:52
This is when you're awarded
by the cost-efficiency advantage
by the cost-efficiency advantage
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此時，你得到的獎勵，
就是你的成本效益優勢比對手高，
14:56
over your competitors
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14:59
by two orders of magnitude.
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高出兩個量級。
15:03
Two orders of magnitude.
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兩個量級。
15:05
This is not just a silver bullet.
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這可不只是萬靈丹而已。
15:08
So we've been talking a lot
about the big picture today.
about the big picture today.
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我們今天已經談很多
最重要的部分。
最重要的部分。
15:12
You can use these swarm methods
for a lot of stuff.
for a lot of stuff.
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你可以把這些群體方法
用在很多地方。
用在很多地方。
15:15
Do you want to change the world?
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你想要改變世界嗎？
15:17
Do you want to bring clean water
to a billion people?
to a billion people?
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你想要把乾淨的水帶給十億人嗎？
想教三十億人閱讀？
想教三十億人閱讀？
15:19
Teach three billion people to read?
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也許你想做的是社會改變；
想要推出無條件的基本收入。
想要推出無條件的基本收入。
15:21
Maybe you're into social change;
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15:22
you want to introduce
unconditional basic income.
unconditional basic income.
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15:25
Or maybe you want
to take humanity to Mars.
to take humanity to Mars.
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也許你想要送人類上火星。
15:28
You can do this using these methods.
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這些夢想都可以用這些方法實現。
15:31
You can do this.
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你可以做到。重點在於領導力。
15:32
It's about leadership.
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重點在於決定你要做什麼，
並告訴全世界。
並告訴全世界。
15:34
It's about deciding what you want to do
and telling it to the world.
and telling it to the world.
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15:39
Because no matter whether you think
you can or cannot change the world,
you can or cannot change the world,
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因為不論你認為
你能或不能改變世界，
15:46
no matter whether you think
you can or cannot change the world,
you can or cannot change the world,
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不論你認為你能或不能改變世界，
15:51
you are probably right.
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你很可能都是對的。
15:56
So one question I want everybody here
to ask themselves today
to ask themselves today
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所以，今天，我希望
大家能問自己一個問題，
大家能問自己一個問題，
16:00
is the observation that change doesn't
just happen, somebody makes it happen --
just happen, somebody makes it happen --
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改變並不會自己發生，
是有人讓它發生的——
16:07
do you want to be that person?
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你想要成為那個人嗎？
16:10
Do you want to be that person?
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你想要成為那個人嗎？
16:14
And then one last thing:
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最後一件事：
16:20
There's one component more
that's required to work swarmwise
that's required to work swarmwise
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群體合作還有一個必要的要件，
16:24
that I haven't mentioned yet.
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我還沒有提到。
16:26
And that is fun.
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就是樂趣。
16:29
This goes beyond just enjoying your job,
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不只是享受你的工作，
16:32
this goes beyond having
a pinball machine in the office.
a pinball machine in the office.
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不只是在辦公室中有個彈珠台。
16:37
Because this is actually required
to succeed in a swarmwise scenario.
to succeed in a swarmwise scenario.
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因為在群體的情況下，
若要成功就一定少不了它。
16:43
This is required to succeed
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一定要有它，才能成功，
16:45
to get that cost-efficiency advantage
of two orders of magnitude.
of two orders of magnitude.
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才能讓成本效益優勢
比對手高出兩個量級。
比對手高出兩個量級。
16:50
For the reason that you need
to attract volunteers.
to attract volunteers.
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因為要有樂趣，才能吸引自願者。
16:54
And people, in this aspect,
are rather predictable.
are rather predictable.
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在這方面，人是很容易預測的。
16:59
People will go to other people
who are having fun.
who are having fun.
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人都會去接近找到樂趣的人。
17:05
In contrast, they will walk an extra mile
to avoid people who are not having fun.
to avoid people who are not having fun.
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相對的，
人也會多花一點功夫
去避開找不到樂趣的人。
去避開找不到樂趣的人。
17:14
So, having fun is more than just
having a pinball machine in the office.
having a pinball machine in the office.
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所以，樂趣不只是
在辦公室中擺一台彈珠台。
17:20
It's an absolute
and unavoidable requirement
and unavoidable requirement
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樂趣是一定要有的絕對條件，
17:25
for organizational and operational success
when you're working swarmwise.
when you're working swarmwise.
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在群體合作時，才能達成
組織和營運上的成功。
組織和營運上的成功。
17:30
So, in summary --
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所以，總結一下——
17:35
a recipe for a swarm organization
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群體組織使用這些動機方法
17:38
using these motivational methods
to a huge competitive advantage.
to a huge competitive advantage.
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來取得強大競爭優勢的訣竅。
17:45
Your goal: it needs to be tangible,
credible, inclusive and epic.
credible, inclusive and epic.
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你的目標：必須要
實際、可信、包容且宏大。
實際、可信、包容且宏大。
17:53
Your organization needs to be optimized
for speed, trust and scalability.
for speed, trust and scalability.
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你的組織必須要在速度、可信度，
和可擴展性上做到最佳化。
和可擴展性上做到最佳化。
18:01
You need to enjoy yourselves.
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你必須要做得很開心。
18:03
And that will reward you
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而你能得到的獎勵就是
18:05
with two orders of magnitude
of cost-efficiency advantage.
of cost-efficiency advantage.
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高出兩個量級的成本效益優勢。
18:09
Thank you.
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謝謝。
18:10
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Rick Falkvinge -Rick Falkvinge, didn’t plan on becoming a politician, but his dedication to civil liberties and internet sovereignty led to him founding the Swedish Pirate Party in 2006.
Why you should listen
Rick Falkvinge went from entrepreneur to politician on January 1st, 2006, when he launched the Pirate Party website, forming a political party that called for sensible copyright laws and protection of civil liberties online. Just three years later, the Pirate Party won two seats in European Parliament. In 2011, Falkvinge stepped down as leader of the Swedish Pirate Party to devote more time to speaking about copyright law, internet sovereignty and information policy. Foreign Policy magazine named him one of the top 100 global thinkers of 2011, and he has been nominated as one of TIME’s 100 most influential people of 2012.
Rick Falkvinge | Speaker | TED.com