TED2013
Anas Aremeyaw Anas: How I named, shamed and jailed
Anas Aremeyaw Anas: 我是如何指名道姓、使人蒙羞、送人坐牢
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記者 Anas Aremeyaw Anas 戳破了迦納數十件貪汙、組織犯罪案件——而且從來沒有讓他自己的身分曝光。在這段演說裡面（他仍然未露面），Anas 用他調查裡的一些駭人鏡頭來說明面對不公的重要性。
Anas Aremeyaw Anas - Undercover journalist
Anas Aremeyaw Anas is a Ghanaian undercover journalist and private eye who gathers hard evidence of crime and corruption, putting the perpetrators behind bars. Full bio
Anas Aremeyaw Anas is a Ghanaian undercover journalist and private eye who gathers hard evidence of crime and corruption, putting the perpetrators behind bars. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
I am sorry I cannot show you my face,
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抱歉我不能讓你們看見我的臉，
00:17
because if I do, the bad guys will come for me.
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因為如果我這麼做，那些壞人會找上我。
00:22
My journey started 14 years ago.
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14年前我開始了這段旅程。
00:26
I was a young reporter. I had just come out of college.
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那時候我是個年輕的記者。剛剛大學畢業。
00:30
Then I got a scoop.
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然後我拿到了一條獨家新聞。
00:33
The scoop was quite a very simple story.
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那條獨家新聞是個很簡單的故事。
00:36
Police officers were taking bribes
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警察向在街上
00:39
from hawkers who were hawking on the streets.
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擺攤的小販收賄。
00:42
As a young reporter, I thought that I should do it
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身為一個年輕記者，我想我需要
00:45
in a different way, so that it has a maximum impact,
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用一個不同的方式來報導，
讓這件事有最大的影響力，
讓這件事有最大的影響力，
00:49
since everybody knew that it was happening,
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因為每個人都知道有這麼一回事，
00:51
and yet there was nothing that was keeping it out of the system.
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但是卻沒有辦法阻止它發生。
00:55
So I decided to go there
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所以我決定
00:57
and act as a seller.
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假扮成一個小販。
01:01
As part of selling, I was able to document
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在賣東西之餘，也能夠
01:04
the hard core evidence.
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收集核心證據。
01:07
The impact was great.
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效果非常大。
01:10
It was fantastic.
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非常好。
01:12
This was what many call immersion journalism,
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這就是許多人說的潛浸報導
01:16
or undercover journalism.
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或是臥底報導。
01:19
I am an undercover journalist.
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我是個臥底記者。
01:23
My journalism is hinged on three basic principles:
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我的報導有三個基本原則:
01:27
naming, shaming and jailing.
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報出名字、使人蒙羞、送人坐牢。
01:32
Journalism is about results.
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報導就是要得到結果。
01:34
It's about affecting your community or your society
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用最進步的方式
01:38
in the most progressive way.
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影響你的社區和社會。
01:41
I have worked on this for over 14 years,
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我做這件事已經超過14年了，
01:45
and I can tell you, the results are very good.
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而我能告訴你，結果非常好。
01:48
One story that comes to mind
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我想起我的一個報導，
01:51
in my undercover pieces
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我的一個臥底報導，
01:53
is "Spirit Child."
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叫做「靈子」(Spirit Child)。
01:55
It was about children who were born with deformities,
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它是有關先天畸形的孩童，
01:59
and their parents felt that once they were born
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這些孩童的父母認為只要他們
02:02
with those deformities,
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是先天畸形，
02:03
they were not good enough to live in the society,
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他們就沒有辦法在這個社會上生存，
02:06
so they were given some concoction to take
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因此他們給了這些孩童某些混合物，
02:09
and as a result they died.
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而結果是孩子們死了。
02:11
So I built a prosthetic baby,
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所以我製作了一個假的嬰兒，
02:14
and I went into the village,
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然後進到了那個村莊，
02:16
pretended as though this baby had been born
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假裝這個嬰兒
02:20
with a deformity, and here was the guys who do the killing.
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有先天畸形，那些從事殺嬰的人就在那裡。
02:24
They got themselves ready.
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他們準備好了。
02:27
In their bids to kill, I got the police on standby,
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在他們嘗試殺嬰的時候，我叫警察準備。
02:31
and they came that fateful morning
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他們在那命運的隔天早晨
02:33
to come and kill the child.
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來到並殺了嬰兒。
02:36
I recall how they were seriously boiling the concoction.
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我想起了他們是
如此認真謹慎的烹煮混合物。
如此認真謹慎的烹煮混合物。
02:40
They put it on fire. It was boiling hot,
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他們把它放在爐火上。它正滾燙著，
02:43
getting ready to give to the kids.
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準備好要餵給孩子們了。
02:45
Whilst this was going on, the police I had alerted,
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正當那個時候，那些警察，
02:47
they were on standby,
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正伺機而動，
02:50
and just as the concoction was ready,
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而混合物準備好
02:53
and they were about to give it to the kids,
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而且正要餵孩子們吃的時候，
02:56
I phoned the police,
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我打了電話給警察，
02:58
and fortunately they came and busted them.
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很幸運地警察趕到並逮捕了他們。
03:02
As I speak now, they are before the courts.
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當我在演講的這個時候，他們正在出庭。
03:05
Don't forget the key principles:
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別忘了重要的原則：
03:07
naming, shaming and jailing.
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報出名字、使人蒙羞、送人坐牢。
03:10
The court process is taking place,
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法庭程序正在進行，
03:12
and I'm very sure at the end of the day
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我非常肯定我們今天
03:14
we will find them, and we will put them
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會找到他們，並將他們送到
03:17
where they belong too.
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他們該去的地方。
03:19
Another key story that comes to mind,
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我想到的另外一個關鍵故事
03:22
which relates to this spirit child phenomenon,
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和這個「靈子」現象有關係，
03:26
is "The Spell of the Albinos."
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它叫做「白子咒語」
(The Spell of the Albinos)。
(The Spell of the Albinos)。
03:32
I'm sure most of you may have heard, in Tanzania,
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我肯定你們大部分的人
都聽說過，在坦尚尼亞
都聽說過，在坦尚尼亞
03:35
children who are born with albinism
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出生的白子孩童
03:38
are sometimes considered as being unfit
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有時候會被認為無法
03:42
to live in society.
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在社會上生存。
03:44
Their bodies are chopped up with machetes
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他們的屍體會用彎刀切成塊，
03:48
and are supposed to be used for some concoctions
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也應該有些被拿去製作混合物
03:52
or some potions for people to get money --
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或者被一些人用作賺錢的藥物--
03:55
or so many, many stories people would tell about it.
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或是變成很多很多人們會說的故事。
03:58
It was time to go undercover again.
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是時候再當臥底了。
04:01
So I went undercover as a man who was interested
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因此我假裝是一個對這門生意
04:04
in this particular business, of course.
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有興趣的男人，這是當然的。
04:07
Again, a prosthetic arm was built.
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又一次，我打造了一條義肢手臂。
04:09
For the first time, I filmed on hidden camera
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那是第一次我用藏好的攝影機
04:13
the guys who do this, and they were ready to buy the arm
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拍下做這些事情的人，
他們準備好要購買這條手臂
他們準備好要購買這條手臂
04:17
and they were ready to use it to prepare
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並準備用它來製作
04:20
those potions for people.
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藥劑給那些人了。
04:23
I am glad today the Tanzanian government has taken action,
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我很高興今天
坦尚尼亞的政府採取行動了，
坦尚尼亞的政府採取行動了，
04:27
but the key issue is that the Tanzanian government
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但是關鍵問題在於坦尚尼亞政府
04:30
could only take action because the evidence was available.
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只能在有證據的情況下採取行動。
04:34
My journalism is about hard core evidence.
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我的報導就是關於核心證據的。
04:38
If I say you have stolen, I show you the evidence
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如果我說你偷了東西，我就會讓你看
04:40
that you have stolen.
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你偷了東西的證據。
04:42
I show you how you stole it
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我會讓你看到你是怎麼偷、
04:44
and when, or what you used
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在什麼時候偷、或是你用了什麼，
04:46
what you had stolen to do.
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來證明你偷竊。
04:48
What is the essence of journalism if it doesn't benefit society?
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如果一則報導對社會沒有好處，
那麼它的本質是什麼呢？
那麼它的本質是什麼呢？
04:53
My kind of journalism is a product
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我的報導產自
04:55
of my society.
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我的社會。
04:59
I know that sometimes
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我知道人們有時候
05:02
people have their own criticisms
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對臥底報導有
05:06
about undercover journalism.
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他們自己的批評。
05:09
(Video) Official: He brought out some money from his pockets
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(影片)官員：他從他口袋裡拿出了一些錢
05:13
and put it on the table,
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放在桌上，
05:16
so that we should not be afraid.
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所以我們不需要擔心。
05:19
He wants to bring the cocoa and send it to Cote d'Ivoire.
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他想要把可可送到象牙海岸
(Côte d'Ivoire, Ivory Coast)。
(Côte d'Ivoire, Ivory Coast)。
05:25
So with my hidden intention, I kept quiet.
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即使我有潛在的意圖，我仍保持了沉默。
05:29
I didn't utter a word.
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我一個字也沒說。
05:31
But my colleagues didn't know.
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但是我的同事並不知道。
05:33
So after collecting the money,
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所以收了錢之後、
05:36
when he left, we were waiting for him to bring the goods.
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他離開了之後，我們等著他把東西帶來。
05:40
Immediately after he left, I told my colleagues that
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他離開之後我立刻告訴了我的同事，
05:43
since I was the leader of the group,
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因為我是這個團隊的頭頭，
05:44
I told my colleagues that if they come,
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我告訴我的同事說如果他們來的話，
05:47
we will arrest them.
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我們就逮捕他們。
05:49
Second official: I don't even know the place called [unclear].
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第二名官員：我甚至不知道那個叫做[不詳]的地方。
05:53
I've never stepped there before.
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我從來沒有去過哪裡。
05:55
So I'm surprised.
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所以我很訝異。
05:56
You see a hand counting money just in front of me.
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你看到有隻手就在我面前數錢。
06:01
The next moment, you see the money in my hands,
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下一秒你就看到錢在我手裡，
06:05
counting, whereas I have not come into contact with anybody.
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數著，然而我並沒有跟任何人接觸。
06:08
I have not done any business with anybody.
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我從沒和任何人進行交易。
06:11
Reporter: When Metro News contacted investigative reporter
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記者：當Metro News和調查記者
06:13
Anas Aremeyaw Anas for his reaction,
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Anas Aremeyaw Anas 聯繫想知道他的反應時，
06:15
he just smiled and gave this video extract
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他只是微笑並給了這段
06:18
he did not use in the documentary recently shown onscreen.
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他沒有用在最近在電視上
播出的紀錄片裡的精華影片。
播出的紀錄片裡的精華影片。
06:23
The officer who earlier denied involvement
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之前否認涉案的官員
06:25
pecks a calculator to compute the amount of money
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在按計算機計算
06:28
they will charge on the cocoa to be smuggled.
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他們要對可可走私收取的金錢。
06:33
Anas Aremeyaw Anas: This was another story on anticorruption.
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Anas Aremeyaw Anas：
這是另外一個跟反貪汙有關的故事。
這是另外一個跟反貪汙有關的故事。
06:35
And here was him, denying.
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他否認了。
06:37
But you see, when you have the hard core evidence,
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但是如你所見，當你擁有核心證據時，
06:39
you are able to affect society.
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你就可以影響社會。
06:43
Sometimes these are some of the headlines that come. (Music)
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有時候會出現這些頭版標題。(音樂)
06:45
[I will curse Anas to death]
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[我咒 Anas 死]
06:47
[Anas Lies]
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[Anas 說謊]
06:49
[Alarm Blows Over Anas' News for Cash Video]
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[警報平息了 Anas 關於官員賄賂的新聞影片。
06:52
[Agenda Against Top CEPS Officials Exposed]
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[反對 CEPS (Customs, Excise and
Preventive Service ) 高層官員的議程曝光了]
Preventive Service ) 高層官員的議程曝光了]
06:55
[Anas Operates with Invisible Powers?]
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[Anas 有看不見的力量？]
06:58
[Gov't Wobbles Over Anas Video]
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[Anas 的影片讓政府不安]
07:01
[Hunting the Hunter]
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[獵捕獵人]
07:04
[Anas 'Bribe' Men in Court]
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[Anas 賄賂法庭上的人]
07:07
[15 Heads Roll Over Anas Tape]
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[Anas 的影帶害死了 15 個人]
07:11
[Finance Minister Backs Anas]
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[經濟部長力挺 Anas]
07:15
[11 Given Queries Over Anas' Story]
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[對 Anas 的故事的 11 個疑問]
07:18
[GJA Stands By Anas]
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[GJA (Ghana Journalists Association) 和 Anas 在同一陣線]
07:21
[Prez. Mills Storms Tema Harbour Over Anas Video]
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[Prez. Mills 因為 Anas 的影片撼動了 Tema 港]
07:25
["Late Prof. John Evans Atta Mills: Former president of Ghana"]
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["John Evans Atta Mills: 迦納前總統"]
07:29
John Evans Atta Mills: What Anas says
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John Evans Atta Mills：Anas 所說的話
07:31
is not something which is unknown to many of us,
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我們很多人都知道，
07:35
but please, those of you who are agents,
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但是拜託，那些特工
07:39
and who are leading the customs officers into temptation,
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和誘惑海關官員的人，
07:43
I'm telling you, Ghana is not going to say
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我要告訴你們，迦納是不會
07:48
any good things to you about this.
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因為這些事情對你們說好話的。
07:50
AAA: That was my president.
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AAA：那是我的總統。
07:53
I thought that I couldn't come here
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我想既然來到了這裡，
07:55
without giving you something special.
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就一定要給你們一些特別的東西。
07:58
I have a piece, and I'm excited that
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我有個故事，我對於
08:01
I'm sharing it for the first time with you here.
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第一次在這裡
和你們分享感到很興奮。
和你們分享感到很興奮。
08:05
I have been undercover in the prisons.
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我過去曾在監獄裡臥底過。
08:09
I have been there for a long time.
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我在那裡待過很長一段時間。
08:13
And I can tell you, what I saw is not nice.
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我能告訴你們，
我所見到的事會讓人不舒服。
我所見到的事會讓人不舒服。
08:18
But again, I can only affect society
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但是再次重申，
唯有透過將核心證據帶出來，
唯有透過將核心證據帶出來，
08:21
and affect government if I bring out the hard core evidence.
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我才能夠影響社會、政府。
08:25
Many times, the prison authorities have denied
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很多次，獄方矢口否認
08:28
ever having issues of drug abuse,
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曾經發生過毒品濫用、
08:31
issues of sodomy, so many issues they would deny
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雞姦等的事情，他們否認了
08:35
that it ever happens.
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曾經發生過的許多事情。
08:36
How can you obtain the hard core evidence?
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你要如何得到核心證據呢？
08:40
So I was in the prison. ["Nsawan Prison"]
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因此我進到了監獄裡。["Nsawan監獄"]
08:44
Now, what you are seeing is a pile of dead bodies.
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好，現在你們所看到的是一堆屍體。
08:48
Now, I happen to have followed one of my inmates,
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好，我見證了我的一位獄友
08:51
one of my friends, from his sick bed till death,
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也是我的一個朋友，
從臥病在床到死亡的過程，
從臥病在床到死亡的過程，
08:55
and I can tell you it was not a nice thing at all.
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我告訴你們，那絕對是慘不忍睹。
08:59
There were issues of bad food being served
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那裡提供的食物很差
09:02
as I recall that some of the food I ate
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在我記憶中我在那裡所吃的食物
09:07
is just not good for a human being.
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對人並不好。
09:11
Toilet facilities: very bad.
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廁所設施：非常差。
09:15
I mean, you had to queue to get proper toilets to attend --
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我是說，你得排隊
才能用到像樣的廁所——
才能用到像樣的廁所——
09:20
and that's what I call proper,
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而我說的像樣
09:23
when four of us are on a manhole.
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是指四個人同時使用一個人孔。
09:26
It is something that if you narrate it to somebody,
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這是一種你就算說給某個人聽
09:30
the person wouldn't believe it.
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他也不會相信的情況。
09:31
The only way that you can let the person believe
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要讓那個人相信的辦法
09:34
is when you show hard core evidence.
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就是讓他看見核心證據。
09:36
Of course, drugs were abundant.
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當然，毒品很多。
09:39
It was easier to get cannabis, heroin and cocaine,
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在監獄裡要拿到大麻、海洛因和古柯鹼
09:42
faster even, in the prison than outside the prison.
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比在外面容易，甚至更快。
09:45
Evil in the society is an extreme disease.
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邪惡在社會上是種重病。
09:50
If you have extreme diseases,
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如果你得到了重病，
09:52
you need to get extreme remedies.
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你就需要下重藥。
09:55
My kind of journalism might not fit in other continents
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我這種報導也許不適用在
其他洲或是其他國家，
其他洲或是其他國家，
09:58
or other countries,
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或是其他國家，
09:59
but I can tell you, it works in my part of the continent
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但我能告訴你，
在我所在這個部分的非洲有效，
在我所在這個部分的非洲有效，
10:03
of Africa, because usually, when people talk
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因為人們談到
10:05
about corruption, they ask, "Where is the evidence?
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貪污的時候通常會問：「證據呢？
10:08
Show me the evidence."
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我要看證據。」
10:09
I say, "This is the evidence."
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我說：「這就是證據。」
10:11
And that has aided in me putting a lot of people behind bars.
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那幫我將很多人關進大牢。
10:16
You see, we on the continent are able
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嗯，在這裡我們能夠
10:19
to tell the story better because we face the conditions
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把事情看得更清楚
是因為我們能看到這些情況
是因為我們能看到這些情況
10:22
and we see the conditions.
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並面對這些情況。
10:24
That is why I was particularly excited
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這就是為什麼我在
10:26
when we launched our "Africa Investigates" series
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「非洲大調查」這個影集的播出 (Africa Investigates)
的時候感到特別興奮的原因。
的時候感到特別興奮的原因。
10:28
where we investigated a lot of African countries.
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我們在這個影集裡面
調查了很多的非洲國家。
調查了很多的非洲國家。
10:32
As a result of the success of the "Africa Investigates" series,
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由於「非洲大調查」影集的成功，
10:35
we are moving on to World Investigates.
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我們正在著手進行「世界大調查」。
10:38
By the end of it, a lot more bad guys
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在節目的尾聲，非洲的很多壞人
10:40
on our continent will be put behind bars.
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被關進了大牢裡。
10:44
This will not stop.
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這不會停止。
10:46
I'm going to carry on with this kind of journalism,
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我會繼續從事這類報導，
10:49
because I know that when evil men destroy,
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因為我知道要摧毀壞人，
10:52
good men must build and bind.
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好人就必須緊密團結合作。
10:54
Thank you very much.
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非常感謝各位。
10:55
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
11:05
Chris Anderson: Thank you. Thank you.
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Chris Anderson：謝謝你。謝謝。
11:07
I have some questions for you.
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我有一些問題要問你。
11:09
How did you end up in jail? This was just a few weeks ago, I believe, yeah?
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你是怎麼進到監獄裡的？
這只是幾個禮拜前的事，對吧？
這只是幾個禮拜前的事，對吧？
11:13
AAA: Sure. You know, undercover is all about
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AAA：嗯，臥底的重點就是
11:15
setting the priorities right, so we got people
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要搞對事情的優先順序，所以我們找人
11:18
to take me to court.
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把我弄上法庭。
11:20
So I went through the very legal process,
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我完全是經由合法程序，
11:22
because at the end of the day, the prison authorities
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因為那天最後獄方
11:24
want to check whether indeed you have been there or not,
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想要查看我究竟有沒有到那裡去。
11:27
and that's how I got in there.
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而這就是我進去的方法。
11:29
CA: So someone sued you in court,
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CA：所以有人控告你並把你帶到哪裡去，
11:31
and they took you there, and you were in remand custody
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然後你因為涉案被還押，
11:34
for part of it, and you did that deliberately.
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而你是故意這麼做的？
11:36
AAA: Yes, yes.
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AAA：是的，沒錯。
11:38
CA: Talk to me just about fear
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CA：和我說說畏懼感吧，
11:41
and how you manage that,
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CA：還有你是怎麼處理它的，
11:43
because you're regularly putting your life at risk.
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因為你經常讓你自己陷於危險。
11:45
How do you do that?
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你是如何做到的？
11:47
AAA: You see, undercover is always a last resort.
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AAA：嗯，臥底一直都是一件破釜沉舟的事。
11:50
Before we go undercover, we follow the rules.
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我們去臥底之前，都是照著規矩來的。
11:52
And I'm only comfortable and I'm purged of fear
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在確認了所有的步驟
11:55
whenever I am sure that all the steps
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都做了之後
11:58
have been taken. I don't do it alone. I have a backup team
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我就順其自然而且無所畏懼。
我有一個後援團隊
我有一個後援團隊
12:01
who help ensure that the safety and all the systems
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幫我確保安全還有整個系統
12:04
are put in place, but you've got to take
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正確運作，但是在有狀況發生的時候
12:06
very intelligent decisions whenever they are happening.
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你必須做出非常明智的決定。
12:09
If you don't, you will end up losing your life.
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如果做不到，就會送命。
12:12
So yes, when the backup systems are put in place,
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所以呢，當後援系統都準備就緒，
12:14
I'm okay, I go in. Risky, yes,
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我就準備好了。我便勇往直前。
危險，當然存在，
危險，當然存在，
12:16
but it's a hazard of a profession.
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但是這是職業風險。
12:19
I mean, everybody has their hazard.
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我是說，任何人都有他們的風險。
12:21
And once you say that is yours,
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而當你知道了你的風險所在，
12:22
you've got to take it, as and when it comes.
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當它來臨時你就必須去承擔。
12:25
CA: Well, you're an amazing human and you've done amazing work
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CA：嗯，你是個令人驚奇的人，
你做的事也同樣非凡無比，
你做的事也同樣非凡無比，
12:27
and you've taught us a story
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你告訴我們的故事，
12:29
like no story I think any of us have heard before.
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我們任何一位都不曾聽過。
12:32
And we're appreciative. We salute you. Thank you so much, Anas.
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我們很感激。我們向您致敬。
非常感謝您，Anas。
非常感謝您，Anas。
12:36
AAA: Thank you.
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AAA：謝謝。
12:37
CA: Thank you. Stay safe. (Applause)
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CA：謝謝你。注意安全。(掌聲)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Anas Aremeyaw Anas - Undercover journalistAnas Aremeyaw Anas is a Ghanaian undercover journalist and private eye who gathers hard evidence of crime and corruption, putting the perpetrators behind bars.
Why you should listen
Working in Ghana and across the African continent, Anas Aremeyaw Anas is an undercover journalist and private eye. In disguise, he finds his way into asylums, brothels and villages, where he methodically gathers evidence for hard-hitting stories -- then presents the evidence to authorities to see criminals prosecuted.
His work on human trafficking won him the US State Department Hero Award in 2008. In President Barack Obama's 2009 policy address in Ghana, he singled out Anas and commended him as "a courageous journalist who risked his life to report the truth.” His investigation in “Mad House” of a Ghanaian psychiatric ward led to a widespread awareness of mental health issues in Ghana and the passage of the 2012 Ghana Mental Health Act. His exposé of a trafficking ring in “Chinese Sex Mafia” led to three human traffickers receiving a 41-year jail sentence, while "Spell of the Albino," produced as part of Al-Jazeera's Africa Investigates series, led to widespread awareness of a sinister trade in body parts. “Enemies of the Nation,” which uncovered corruption at Ghana’s Tema Harbor, led to the recovery of $200 million in state funds.
Anas was honored as one of Foreign Policy's 2015 Global Thinkers.
Anas Aremeyaw Anas | Speaker | TED.com