ABOUT THE SPEAKER
David Sengeh - Biomechatronics engineer
Even the most advanced prosthetic isn't useful if it's hard to wear. This observation guides TED Fellow David Sengeh's work at the Biomechatronics group in the MIT Media Lab.

Why you should listen

David Sengeh was born and raised in Sierra Leone, where more than 8,000 men, women and children had limbs amputated during a brutal civil war. He noticed that many people there opted not to wear a prosthesis because proper fit is such an issue.

Sengeh has pioneered a new system for creating prosthetic sockets, which fit a prothesis onto a patient's residual limb. Using MRI to map the shape, computer-assisted design to predict internal strains and 3D printing to allow for different materials to be used in different places, Sengeh is creating sockets that are far more comfortable than traditional models. These sockets can be produced cheaply and quickly, making them far more likely to help amputees across the globe. 

Sengeh was named one of Forbes' 30 under 30 in Technology in 2014, and in April 2014, Sengeh won the $15,000 "Cure it!" Lemelson-MIT National Collegiate Student Prize.

More profile about the speaker
David Sengeh | Speaker | TED.com
TED2014

David Sengeh: The sore problem of prosthetic limbs

大衛.甚格: 義肢的疼痛問題

Filmed:
826,892 views

讓大衛.甚格想創造更舒適義肢的動力是什麼?他出生在獅子山共和國,而身邊有太多摯愛的親友在殘忍的內戰中失去肢臂。當他注意到那些裝了義肢的人並不使用義肢時,他便開始尋找其原因——並在麻省理工學院媒體實驗室中與他的團隊共同解決了這個問題。
- Biomechatronics engineer
Even the most advanced prosthetic isn't useful if it's hard to wear. This observation guides TED Fellow David Sengeh's work at the Biomechatronics group in the MIT Media Lab. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:12
I was born天生 and raised上調 in Sierra內華達 Leone塞拉利昂,
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我在獅子山共和國出生長大。
00:17
a small and very beautiful美麗 country國家
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它是個很小、非常美的國家,
00:19
in West西 Africa非洲,
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位在西非。
00:21
a country國家 rich豐富 both in physical物理 resources資源
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蘊含豐富的自然資源
00:23
and creative創作的 talent天賦.
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以及創新人才。
00:26
However然而, Sierra內華達 Leone塞拉利昂 is infamous臭名昭著
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然而,獅子山以
九〇年代長達十年的
反抗戰爭而惡名昭彰。
00:28
for a decade-long長達十年之久 rebel反叛 war戰爭 in the '90s
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00:30
when entire整個 villages村莊 were burnt down.
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當時村落完全被摧毀。
00:33
An estimated預計 8,000 men男人, women婦女 and children孩子
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估計有八千名男性、女性、孩童,
00:37
had their arms武器 and legs amputated截肢 during this time.
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當時手臂與腿部遭受截肢。
00:42
As my family家庭 and I ran for safety安全
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我和家人為求生命安全而逃亡,
00:45
when I was about 12 from one of those attacks攻擊,
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當時有另一起攻擊,我十二歲。
00:47
I resolved解決 that I would do everything I could
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我下定決心,要盡我所能的
00:51
to ensure確保 that my own擁有 children孩子
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確保我自己的孩子
00:53
would not go through通過 the
same相同 experiences經驗 we had.
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不會經歷我們曾經歷的一切。
00:57
They would, in fact事實, be part部分 of a Sierra內華達 Leone塞拉利昂
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他們會身在一個安全的獅子山,
00:59
where war戰爭 and amputation切斷術
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在那裡,戰爭與截肢
01:02
were no longer a strategy戰略 for gaining取得 power功率.
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不再是爭奪權力的手段。
01:06
As I watched看著 people who I knew知道, loved喜愛 ones那些,
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當我看著朋友、我愛的人
01:10
recover恢復 from this devastation毀壞,
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從這種蹂躪中復原,
01:12
one thing that deeply troubled苦惱 me
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最讓我困擾的其中一件事
01:15
was that many許多 of the amputees截肢者 in the country國家
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就是國內有許多截肢者
01:17
would not use their prostheses假肢.
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都不使用他們的義肢。
01:19
The reason原因, I would come to find out,
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我後來發現了原因。
01:21
was that their prosthetic假肢 sockets插座
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是因為他們義肢的套接口
01:23
were painful痛苦 because they did not fit適合 well.
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與身體並不吻合,導致疼痛萬分。
01:29
The prosthetic假肢 socket插座 is the part部分
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義肢的套接口
01:31
in which哪一個 the amputee截肢 inserts插頁 their residual剩餘的 limb,
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是截肢者將殘缺的肢臂
01:35
and which哪一個 connects所連接 to the prosthetic假肢 ankle.
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與義肢關節相連的地方。
01:37
Even in the developed發達 world世界,
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即使在已發展國家,
01:39
it takes a period of three weeks to often經常 years年份
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也要三週,甚至通常需幾年時間
01:42
for a patient患者 to get a comfortable自在 socket插座, if ever.
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才能讓病患獲得舒適的套接口,
有時或許永遠不可能。
01:46
Prosthetists義肢 still use conventional常規 processes流程
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義肢師仍用傳統的方式,
01:49
like molding造型 and casting鑄件
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像是鑄模等,
01:52
to create創建 single-material單材料 prosthetic假肢 sockets插座.
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製造單一原料的義肢套接口。
01:55
Such這樣 sockets插座 often經常 leave離開 intolerable無法忍受 amounts
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這種套接口通常會施加非常重的
壓力於病患的肢臂上,
01:58
of pressure壓力 on the limbs四肢 of the patient患者,
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02:01
leaving離開 them with pressure壓力 sores and blisters水泡.
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會導致褥瘡與水泡。
02:05
It does not matter
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不管
02:07
how powerful強大 your prosthetic假肢 ankle is.
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你的義肢踝關節多有力,
02:10
If your prosthetic假肢 socket插座 is uncomfortable不舒服,
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如果套接口不舒服,
02:13
you will not use your leg,
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你就不會使用義肢,
02:15
and that is just simply只是 unacceptable不可接受 in our age年齡.
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而這在現代是完全無法接受的。
02:19
So one day, when I met會見 professor教授 Hugh Herr赫爾
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所以有天我與修.赫 (Hugh Herr) 教授見面,
02:21
about two and a half years年份 ago,
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這大概是兩年半前,
02:23
and he asked me if I knew知道
how to solve解決 this problem問題,
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他問我是否知道如何解決這個問題。
02:25
I said, "No, not yet然而,
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我說:「不,還沒,
02:27
but I would love to figure數字 it out."
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但我真的很想找出答案。」
02:30
And so, for my Ph博士.D. at the MITMIT Media媒體 Lab實驗室,
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所以我在麻省理工學院
媒體實驗室的博士研究中,
02:33
I designed設計 custom習慣 prosthetic假肢 sockets插座
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設計出客製的義肢套接口,
02:36
quickly很快 and cheaply廉價地
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不只快又便宜,
02:39
that are more comfortable自在
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還比以往義肢更加舒適。
02:41
than conventional常規 prostheses假肢.
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02:44
I used magnetic磁性 resonance諧振 imaging成像
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我使用核磁共振成像
02:46
to capture捕獲 the actual實際 shape形狀 of the patient's耐心 anatomy解剖學,
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捕捉病患身體的形狀,
之後利用有限元素模型化,更精確預測
02:50
then use finite有限 element元件 modeling造型 to better predict預測
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02:53
the internal內部 stresses應力 and strains
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內部壓力與張力
02:55
on the normal正常 forces軍隊,
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在一般力道下的狀況。
02:57
and then create創建 a prosthetic假肢 socket插座 for manufacture製造.
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再來才創造義肢套接口,並進行製作。
03:02
We use a 3D printer打印機 to create創建
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我們用 3D 印表機創造
03:05
a multi-material多材料 prosthetic假肢 socket插座
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多種材料的義肢套接口,
03:09
which哪一個 relieves可以減壓 pressure壓力 where needed需要
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可以視病患身體的需要減輕壓力。
03:11
on the anatomy解剖學 of the patient患者.
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03:15
In short, we're using運用 data數據
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總而言之,我們利用數據
03:18
to make novel小說 sockets插座 quickly很快 and cheaply廉價地.
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快速、便宜地製造了新穎的套接口。
我們剛在媒體實驗室中
完成一次試驗。
03:21
In a recent最近 trial審訊 we just wrapped包裹 up
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03:23
at the Media媒體 Lab實驗室,
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03:25
one of our patients耐心, a U.S. veteran老將
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其中一位病患,是美國退伍軍人,
03:28
who has been an amputee截肢 for about 20 years年份
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他二十年前截肢的,
03:30
and worn磨損的 dozens許多 of legs,
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曾穿過十幾隻義肢,
03:34
said of one of our printed印刷的 parts部分,
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而他說我們用 3D 印出來的部位
03:38
"It's so soft柔軟的, it's like walking步行 on pillows枕頭,
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「很柔軟,好像走在枕頭上,
03:41
and it's effing艾芬 sexy性感的."
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真是天殺的性感。」
03:44
(Laughter笑聲)
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(笑聲)
03:48
Disability失能 in our age年齡
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在我們的時代中,殘疾
03:51
should not prevent避免 anyone任何人
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不應該阻止任何人
03:53
from living活的 meaningful富有意義的 lives生活.
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過著有意義的生活。
03:55
My hope希望 and desire慾望 is that the tools工具 and processes流程
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我希望、渴望我們研究小組
所研發的工具與過程,
03:59
we develop發展 in our research研究 group
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可以帶來更高效能的義肢,
04:01
can be used to bring帶來 highly高度 functional實用 prostheses假肢
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04:04
to those who need them.
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提供給需要的人。
04:06
For me, a place地點 to begin開始 healing復原 the souls靈魂
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對我來說,
治癒那些受戰爭、疾病所苦
人們心靈的方式之一,
04:11
of those affected受影響 by war戰爭 and disease疾病
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04:15
is by creating創建 comfortable自在 and affordable實惠 interfaces接口
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就是為他們的身體創造
更舒適、便宜的義肢連結面。
04:19
for their bodies身體.
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04:21
Whether是否 it's in Sierra內華達 Leone塞拉利昂 or in Boston波士頓,
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不管是在獅子山共和國或波士頓,
04:24
I hope希望 this not only restores恢復
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我希望這不只能修補,
04:28
but indeed確實 transforms變換 their
sense of human人的 potential潛在.
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還能轉變他們的人類潛能。
04:31
Thank you very much.
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非常感謝各位。
(掌聲)
04:34
(Applause掌聲)
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Translated by Adrienne Lin
Reviewed by Marssi Draw

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
David Sengeh - Biomechatronics engineer
Even the most advanced prosthetic isn't useful if it's hard to wear. This observation guides TED Fellow David Sengeh's work at the Biomechatronics group in the MIT Media Lab.

Why you should listen

David Sengeh was born and raised in Sierra Leone, where more than 8,000 men, women and children had limbs amputated during a brutal civil war. He noticed that many people there opted not to wear a prosthesis because proper fit is such an issue.

Sengeh has pioneered a new system for creating prosthetic sockets, which fit a prothesis onto a patient's residual limb. Using MRI to map the shape, computer-assisted design to predict internal strains and 3D printing to allow for different materials to be used in different places, Sengeh is creating sockets that are far more comfortable than traditional models. These sockets can be produced cheaply and quickly, making them far more likely to help amputees across the globe. 

Sengeh was named one of Forbes' 30 under 30 in Technology in 2014, and in April 2014, Sengeh won the $15,000 "Cure it!" Lemelson-MIT National Collegiate Student Prize.

More profile about the speaker
David Sengeh | Speaker | TED.com