TED2004
Virginia Postrel: On glamour
Virginia Postrel 談魅惑
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文化評論人Virginia Postrel 探討魅力的真正含義和應用法則 － 任何經過仔細計算、小心修飾來迷人和說服人的影像都包括在其中。
Virginia Postrel - Journalist
Virginia Postrel is a writer and cultural critic who examines the hidden economics of modern society, poking at the unexamined ideas behind the march of progress. Full bio
Virginia Postrel is a writer and cultural critic who examines the hidden economics of modern society, poking at the unexamined ideas behind the march of progress. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:18
You might be wondering why I'm wearing sunglasses,
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你可能會疑惑為什麼我戴著太陽眼鏡
00:20
and one answer to that is, because I'm here to talk about glamour.
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其中的一個答案就是因為我今天的主題是魅惑。
00:25
So, we all think we know what glamour is. Here it is.
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我們都以為自己知道魅惑是甚麼
00:28
It's glamorous movie stars, like Marlene Dietrich.
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一個魅力十足的電影巨星，就像 Marlene Dietrich
00:31
And it comes in a male form, too --
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也有男性。
00:33
very glamorous.
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非常迷人。
00:35
Not only can he shoot, drive, drink -- you know, he drinks wine,
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不僅僅因為他可以射擊，開車-- 他也喝酒
00:39
there actually is a little wine in there --
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照片裡也真的有酒
00:41
and of course, always wears a tuxedo.
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當然，他總是穿著燕尾服
00:44
But I think that glamour actually has a much broader meaning --
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但我認為，魅惑實際上有一個更廣泛的含義
00:48
one that is true for the movie stars and the fictional characters,
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不但實現在電影明星和虛構人物身上
00:52
but also comes in other forms.
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但也出現在其他形式。
00:54
A magazine?
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一本雜誌？
00:56
Well, it's certainly not this one.
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那麼，它肯定不是這一個。
00:58
This is the least glamorous magazine on the newsstand -- it's all about sex tips.
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這是報攤上最缺乏魅力的雜誌 - 全是性愛祕訣
01:01
Sex tips are not glamorous.
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性愛祕訣無關魅惑
01:03
And Drew Barrymore, for all her wonderful charm,
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和茱麗芭摩爾，雖然她很迷人
01:06
is not glamorous either.
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但那仍然不是魅力
01:08
But there is a glamour of industry.
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這個產業裡有一種特定的魅力
01:10
This is Margaret Bourke-White's --
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這是 Margaret Bourke White
01:12
one of her pictures she did.
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所照的照片
01:14
Fantastic, glamorous pictures
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神奇，迷人的照片
01:17
of steel mills and paper mills and all kinds of glamorous industrial places.
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鋼鐵廠和造紙廠和各種魅力的工業場所。
01:21
And there's the mythic glamour
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從車庫創業
01:23
of the garage entrepreneur.
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也帶有一種神奇魅力
01:25
This is the Hewlett-Packard garage.
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這是惠普車庫。
01:27
We know everyone who starts a business in a garage
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我們都知道誰從車庫開始創業
01:30
ends up founding Hewlett-Packard.
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最終最後成立惠普。
01:33
There's the glamour of physics.
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有物理的魅惑
01:35
What could be more glamorous than understanding the entire universe,
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有什麼比了解整個宇宙更具魅惑呢
01:37
grand unification? And, by the way, it helps if you're Brian Greene --
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全體合一，如果你是 Brian Greene 更好
01:41
he has other kinds of glamour.
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他擁有其他種類的魅力
01:43
And there is, of course, this glamour.
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還有，當然，這種魅力
01:45
This is very, very glamorous: the glamour of outer space --
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這是非常，非常迷人 - 太空的魅惑
01:48
and not the alien-style glamour,
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不是外星人的魅惑
01:51
but the nice, clean, early '60s version.
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而是美觀大方，乾淨，60年代初的版本。
01:54
So what do we mean by glamour?
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那麼，我們所說的魅惑究竟是甚麼
01:56
Well, one thing you can do if you want to know what glamour means
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如果你想知道魅惑的意思
02:00
is you can look in the dictionary.
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可以去查字典。
02:02
And it actually helps a lot more if you look in a very old dictionary,
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如果你看的是一本非常老的字典就更好了
02:05
in this case the 1913 dictionary.
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在這種情況下，1913年的字典。
02:07
Because for centuries, glamour had a very particular meaning,
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因為數百年來，魅惑 (glamour) 有一個非常特別的意義，
02:12
and the word was actually used differently from the way we think of it.
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我們使用它的方式和我們思考它的方式不同
02:17
You had "a" glamour.
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你有魅力
02:19
It wasn't glamour as a quality -- you "cast a glamour."
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這不只是一種質感 - 你還得使用它
02:21
Glamour was a literal magic spell.
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魅惑就像是一種魔咒
02:24
Not a metaphorical one, the way we use it today,
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不只是一種隱喻，像我們今日的用法
02:26
but a literal magic spell associated with witches and gypsies
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而是一種真的魔法，像巫婆和吉普賽人
02:30
and to some extent, Celtic magic.
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並在一定程度上，凱爾特人魔術。
02:33
And over the years, around the turn of the 20th century,
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這些年來，在20世紀之交，
02:36
it started to take on this other kind of deception --
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它開始帶著一種欺騙
02:42
this definition for any artificial interest in, or association with,
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像是對一個虛假的，不實放大或美化的物件
02:47
an object through which it appears delusively magnified or glorified.
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產生虛假的興趣或與其有關
02:52
But still, glamour is an illusion.
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但儘管如此，魅惑是一種錯覺。
02:54
Glamour is a magic spell.
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魅惑是一個神奇的咒語。
02:57
And there's something dangerous about glamour
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魅惑還有些危險
02:59
throughout most of history. When the witches cast a magic spell
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縱觀大部分的歷史，當女巫對你
03:03
on you, it was not in your self-interest --
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施咒
03:05
it was to get you to act against your interest.
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那往往是與你心相悖的
03:07
Well of course, in the 20th century,
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嗯，當然，在 20 世紀，
03:09
glamour came to have this different meaning associated with Hollywood.
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魅惑因為好萊塢有了全新的定義
03:13
And this is Hedy Lamarr.
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這是 Hedy Lamarr
03:15
Hedy Lamarr said, "Anyone can look glamorous,
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她說，"任何人都可以迷人
03:17
all you have to do is sit there and look stupid." (Laughter)
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只要坐著裝笨就行了。"
03:20
But in fact, with all due respect to Hedy --
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我們稍後還會繼續提到 Hedy
03:25
about whom we'll hear more later -- there's a lot more to it.
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和他的言論，與我們今天的主題息息相關
03:29
There was a tremendous amount of technical achievement
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有許多驚人的科技發展
03:32
associated with creating this Hollywood glamour.
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和創造這種好萊塢魅惑有關
03:34
There were scores of retouchers and lighting experts and make-up experts.
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有燈光師、化妝師和修片師
03:38
You can go to the museum of Hollywood history in Hollywood
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你可以到好萊塢歷史博物館
03:41
and see Max Factor's special rooms that he painted different colors
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看看 Max Factor 為了不同膚色的明星
03:44
depending on the complexion of the star he was going to make up.
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所設計的特殊房間，牆上的不同顏色
03:48
So you've got this highly stylized portrait of something
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於是你得到了這種高度設計的人像
03:51
that was not entirely of this earth -- it was a portrait of a star.
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不完全屬於這個地球，而是一張明星的相片
03:54
And actually, we see glamorized photos of stars all the time --
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試試上，我們時常看見這些造假的魅惑巨星照
03:58
they call them false color.
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他們稱之為假彩色
04:00
Glamour is a form of falsification,
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魅惑是一種形式的弄虛作假，
04:04
but falsification to achieve a particular purpose.
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為達到某種特殊目的
04:07
It may be to illuminate the star; it may be to sell a film.
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可能是哄抬明星，或是為電影行銷
04:11
And it involves a great deal of technique.
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它涉及了大量的技術。
04:13
It's not -- glamour is not something --
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這不是 - 魅惑並不自然
04:15
you don't wake up in the morning glamorous. I don't care who you are.
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無論你是誰，你都不會一醒來就如此具有魅力
04:18
Even Nicole Kidman doesn't wake up in the morning glamorous.
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就算妮可基曼也不能
04:21
There is a process of "idealization, glorification and dramatization,"
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它總是要經過理想化，美化和戲劇化，
04:25
and it's not just the case for people.
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不只針對人物
04:27
Glamour doesn't have to be people.
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魅力不只限於人物
04:29
Architectural photography --
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建築攝影 -
04:31
Julius Schulman, who has talked about transfiguration,
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討論變型的 Julius Schulman
04:34
took this fabulous, famous picture of the Kauffman House.
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照了這張著名的 Kauffman House 照
04:37
Architectural photography is extremely glamorous.
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建築攝影是非常魅惑的
04:40
It puts you into this special, special world.
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它讓你進入這個特別的世界
04:44
This is Alex Ross's comic book art,
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這是Alex Ross的漫畫
04:47
which appears to be extremely realistic,
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看上去非常真實
04:49
as part of his style is he gives you a kind of realism in his comic art.
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在他的漫畫中，他給了你一種真實感
04:54
Except that light doesn't work this way in the real world.
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但真實世界的燈光並不實這樣
04:57
When you stack people in rows,
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當你把人排成一排
04:59
the ones in the background look smaller than the ones in the foreground --
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後面的人看上去應該比前面的人小
05:02
but not in the world of glamour.
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但在魅惑世界不是這樣
05:05
What glamour is all about -- I took this from a blurb
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魅惑是怎麼一回事
05:08
in the table of contents of New York magazine,
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我在紐約一本雜誌的的目錄裡看見這個
05:11
which was telling us that glamour is back --
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告訴我們魅惑回來了
05:13
glamour is all about transcending the everyday.
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魅惑超越日常生活
05:16
And I think that that's starting to get at what the core
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我認為這已經幾乎達到
05:19
that combines all sorts of glamour is.
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結合所有魅惑的核心了
05:22
This is Filippino Lippi's 1543 portrait of Saint Apollonia.
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這是 Fiilippino Lippi 1543年所繪的聖徒 Apollonia 相
05:27
And I don't know who she is either,
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我也不知道她是誰
05:29
but this is the [16th] century equivalent of a supermodel.
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在15世紀大概相當與今日的名模
05:32
It's a very glamorous portrait.
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一幅非常魅惑的畫像
05:34
Why is it glamorous?
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魅惑在哪？
05:36
It's glamorous, first, because she is beautiful --
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魅惑，第一因為她美麗
05:38
but that does not make you glamorous,
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但這不足以讓你魅惑他人
05:40
that only makes you beautiful.
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只有讓你美麗。
05:42
She is graceful, she is mysterious and she is transcendent,
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她優雅，她是神秘的，她是超越性，
05:47
and those are the central qualities of glamour.
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這些都是魅惑的基本要素
05:49
You don't see her eyes; they're looking downward.
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你看不見她的眼睛，她垂下眼
05:53
She's not looking away from you exactly,
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她並不是不看你
05:55
but you have to mentally imagine her world.
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但你必須自己想像她的世界
05:59
She's encouraging you to contemplate this higher world
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她的鼓勵你去思考這個更高的層次
06:03
to which she belongs, where she can be completely tranquil
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她在那裡全然安靜
06:06
while holding the iron instruments of her death by torture.
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手持折磨她致死的鐵器
06:10
Mel Gibson's "Passion Of The Christ" -- not glamorous.
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梅爾吉勃遜的“基督受難記” - 不魅惑
06:13
That's glamour:
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這才是魅惑
06:15
that's Michelangelo's "Pieta," where Mary is the same age as Jesus
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這是米開朗基羅的“聖母憐子圖”，其中瑪麗和耶穌童年
06:18
and they're both awfully happy and pleasant.
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他們倆如此幸福愉快
06:21
Glamour invites us to live in a different world.
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魅惑讓我們活在不同世界
06:24
It has to simultaneously be mysterious, a little bit distant --
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它又神祕又遙遠
06:28
that's why, often in these glamour shots,
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這就是為甚麼在這些魅惑的相片中
06:30
the person is not looking at the audience,
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他們從不直視觀眾
06:32
it's why sunglasses are glamorous --
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這就是為甚麼太陽眼鏡如此魅惑
06:35
but also not so far above us that we can't identify with the person.
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但又不至於讓我們認不出那人
06:39
In some sense, there has to be something like us.
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從某種意義上說，它必須和我們有些共通處
06:43
So as I say, in religious art, you know, God is not glamorous.
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因此，正如我說，在宗教藝術，你知道，神是不魅惑的
06:46
God cannot be glamorous because God is omnipotent,
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神不迷人因為祂無所不在
06:49
omniscient -- too far above us.
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無所不知 - 這有些太遙遠了
06:51
And yet you will see in religious art, saints or the Virgin Mary
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然而，你會看到在宗教藝術，聖人或聖母瑪利亞
06:54
will often be portrayed -- not always -- in glamorous forms.
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往往被描繪 - 並不總是 - 用一種魅惑的方式
06:57
As I said earlier, glamour does not have to be about people,
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正如我剛才所說，魅惑不一定和觀眾有關
07:01
but it has to have this transcendent quality.
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但必須有一種穿透性
07:04
What is it about Superman?
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超人呢？
07:06
Aside from Alex Ross's style, which is very glamorous,
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除了來自 Alex Ross 的魅惑風格
07:08
one thing about Superman is he makes you believe that a man can fly.
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超人讓你相信人可以飛
07:12
Glamour is all about transcending this world
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魅惑有關超越這個世界
07:15
and getting to an idealized, perfect place.
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到一個理想的，完美的地方
07:19
And this is one reason that modes of transportation
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這也是為甚麼運輸系統
07:23
tend to be extremely glamorous.
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總是非常魅惑
07:25
The less experience we have with them,
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我們越不曾經歷的
07:27
the more glamorous they are.
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越魅惑
07:29
So you can do a glamorized picture of a car,
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你可以做一個魅惑的車照
07:32
but you can't do a glamorized picture of traffic.
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但你不能做出一張魅惑的塞車照
07:34
You can do a glamorized picture of an airplane, but not the inside.
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你可以做一張魅惑的飛機相片，但不包括內部
07:38
The notion is that it's going to transport you,
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那概念是：它會帶你到其它地方
07:40
and the story is not about, you know, the guy in front of you in the airplane,
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這和坐你前面的那傢伙無關
07:44
who has this nasty little kid, or the big cough.
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和這個討厭的小孩是誰的，或大聲咳嗽無關
07:48
The story is about where you're arriving,
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這故事和你的目的地有關
07:50
or thinking about where you're arriving.
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或想像你的目的地
07:52
And this sense of being transported
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這種被帶走的感覺
07:54
is one reason that we have glamour styling.
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就是魅惑風格的來源
07:58
This sort of streamlining styling is not just glamorous
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這些線條並不只是魅惑
08:02
because we associate it with movies of that period, but because,
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不只因為我們會因此想到同期的電影
08:06
in it's streamlining, it transports us from the everyday.
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而是在這些線條中，我們忘記了日常生活
08:09
The same thing -- arches are very glamorous.
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相同的，拱門很魅惑
08:12
Arches with stained glass -- even more glamorous.
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拱門和彩色玻璃，更魅惑
08:15
Staircases that curve away from you are glamorous.
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旋轉樓梯非常魅惑
08:18
I happen to find that particular staircase picture very glamorous
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某些樓梯圖片對我來說非常魅惑
08:21
because, to me, it captures the whole promise
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因為對我來說，它就像在承諾我
08:23
of the academic contemplative life --
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一個學術的、深思的生活
08:26
but maybe that's because I went to Princeton.
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但也許那是因為我去了普林斯頓大學。
08:28
Anyway, skylines are super glamorous,
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天際線非常魅惑
08:31
city streets -- not so glamorous.
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街道 － 沒這麼魅惑
08:33
You know, when you get, actually to this town it has reality.
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你知道的，真實並不魅惑
08:36
The horizon, the open road, is very, very glamorous.
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地平線上，在開闊的道路，是非常，非常魅惑
08:40
There are few things more glamorous than the horizon --
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很少有甚麼事情比地平線更魅惑
08:43
except, possibly, multiple horizons.
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除了多重的地平線
08:47
Of course, here you don't feel the cold, or the heat --
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當然，在這裡你不覺得冷，或熱 -
08:52
you just see the possibilities.
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你看到的只是可能性
08:54
In order to pull glamour off, you need this Renaissance quality
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想要達到魅惑的效果，你需要文藝復興的質感
08:58
of sprezzatura, which is a term coined by Castiglione
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Castiglione 在它的“朝臣書”中
09:03
in his book, "The Book Of The Courtier."
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創造了 sprezzatura 這個詞
09:05
There's the not-glamorous version of what it looks like today,
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經過幾個世紀，這本書今日
09:08
after a few centuries.
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看上去不再魅惑
09:10
And sprezzatura is the art that conceals art.
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sprezzatura 是一種隱藏的藝術。
09:14
It makes things look effortless.
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它使事情看起來不費吹灰之力。
09:16
You don't think about how Nicole Kidman is maneuvering that dress --
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你不想知道妮可基曼如何努力套進那件禮服
09:20
she just looks completely natural.
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她看上去非常自然舒服
09:22
And I remember reading, after the Lara Croft movies,
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裘莉在拍攝古墓奇兵期間
09:25
how Angelina Jolie would go home completely black and blue.
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打的全身是傷，滿身的瘀青
09:29
Of course, they covered that with make-up,
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但當然他們都用化妝掩蓋了
09:31
because Lara Croft did all those same stunts --
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因為女主角做了所有的動作
09:33
but she doesn't get black and blue, because she has sprezzatura.
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卻毫無瘀青，因為她有 sprezzatura
09:37
"To conceal all art and make whatever is done or said appear to be without effort":
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掩蓋所有的努力，看上去毫不費力
09:42
And this is one of the critical aspects of glamour.
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事實上，這是魅惑的一個重點
09:45
Glamour is about editing.
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魅力是有關編輯。
09:47
How do you create the sense of transcendence,
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妮如果創造穿透力
09:49
the sense of evoking a perfect world?
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喚起一個完美世界
09:52
The sense of, you know, life could be better, I could join this --
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生活可以更好，我可以加入它們
09:56
I could be a perfect person, I could join this perfect world.
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我可以是一個完美的人，加入這個完美的世界。
09:58
We don't tell you all the grubby details.
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我們不告訴你任何骯髒的細節。
10:01
Now, this was kindly lent to me by Jeff Bezos, from last year.
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這是 Jeff Bezos 好心借我的
10:05
This is underneath Jeff's desk.
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這是傑夫辦公桌下面的模樣
10:07
This is what the real world of computers,
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這是現實世界的電腦，
10:10
lamps, electrical appliances of all kinds, looks like.
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燈具，電器的各種模樣。
10:14
But if you look in a catalog --
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但如果你看今天目錄 -
10:16
particularly a catalog of modern, beautiful objects for your home --
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在你為你的家找尋一個現代的、美麗的傢具時
10:19
it looks like this.
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它看起來像這樣。
10:21
There are no cords.
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沒有電線。
10:23
Look next time you get these catalogs in your mail --
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下次當你收到這些目錄時
10:26
you can usually figure out where they hid the cord.
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你可以想像他們都把線藏到哪裡去了
10:29
But there's always this illusion that if you buy this lamp,
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但你總是有這種幻覺：如果你買了這盞燈
10:32
you will live in a world without cords. (Laughter)
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你將活在一個沒有電線的世界
10:35
And the same thing is true of, if you buy this laptop
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如果你買了這台筆記本電腦
10:38
or you buy this computer -- and even in these wireless eras,
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或者是這台電腦 - 甚至在這個無線時代
10:41
you don't get to live in the world without cords.
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你仍然無法活在無線的世界
10:43
You have to have mystery and you have to have grace.
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你必須有神祕，和風度
10:47
And there she is -- Grace.
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就像她一樣 － 葛雷斯。
10:49
This is the most glamorous picture, I think, ever.
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我想這將永遠會是史上最魅惑的照片
10:51
Part of the thing is that, in "Rear Window,"
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還有在電影”後窗“的那些鏡頭
10:54
the question is, is she too glamorous to live in his world?
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問題是，她是否魅惑到一個不屬於他的世界？
10:57
And the answer is no, but of course it's really just a movie.
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答案是否定的，當然那只是一部電影
11:00
Here's Hedy Lamarr again.
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Hedy Lamarr 又來了
11:02
And, you know, this kind of head covering is extremely glamorous
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你知道這種頭套非常魅惑
11:05
because, like sunglasses, it conceals and reveals at the same time.
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它就像太陽眼鏡，它隱藏又顯示⋯⋯
11:09
Translucence is glamorous --
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半透明的魅惑
11:11
that's why all these people wear pearls.
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於是人們戴珍珠
11:13
It's why barware is glamorous. Glamour is translucent --
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這就是為什麼酒具如此魅惑 - 魅惑是半透明的，
11:17
not transparent, not opaque.
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不透明，也不完全不透明
11:19
It invites us into the world
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它邀請我們進入
11:21
but it doesn't give us a completely clear picture.
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但我們並不知道它的全貌
11:25
And I think if Grace Kelly is the most glamorous person,
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如果葛雷斯凱莉是最為魅惑的人
11:28
maybe a spiral staircase with glass block may be the most glamorous interior shot,
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或許玻璃製的旋轉樓梯是最魅惑的室內照
11:34
because a spiral staircase is incredibly glamorous.
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因為螺旋樓梯非常魅惑
11:37
It has that sense of going up and away,
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它暗示著走上去，離開
11:41
and yet you never think about how you would really trip
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但你從未想到下來的時候
11:44
if you were -- particularly going down.
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很容易跌倒
11:46
And of course glass block has that sense of translucence.
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當然玻璃有一種透明感
11:49
So, this session's supposed to be about pure pleasure
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這次的會議討論的應該是純粹的享樂
11:53
but glamour's really partly about meaning.
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但魅惑其實有它真正的意義
11:56
All individuals and all cultures have ideals
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所以人和所有文化都有
11:59
that cannot possibly be realized in reality.
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無法實現的理想
12:03
They have contradictions,
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他們有矛盾，
12:05
they uphold principles that are incommensurable with each other --
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它們有些無法互通的原則
12:08
whatever it is -- and yet these ideals give meaning and purpose
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無論如何，但這些理想為我們的文化和個人生活
12:11
to our lives as cultures and as individuals.
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帶來意義和目的
12:14
And the way we deal with that is we displace them --
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我們處理它的方式是
12:18
we put them into a golden world, an imagined world,
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把它放到一個想像的，金色的世界
12:21
an age of heroes, the world to come.
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一個英雄的時代，即將出現的理想世界
12:24
And in the life of an individual, we often associate that with some object.
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我們把這些理想和某些物品做出聯繫
12:28
The white picket fence, the perfect house.
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白色的柵欄，完美的房子。
12:32
The perfect kitchen -- no bills on the counter in the perfect kitchen.
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完美的廚房 - 桌上沒有任何賬單的完美廚房
12:35
You know, you buy that Viking range, this is what your kitchen will look like.
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如果你買下那名牌烤箱，你的廚房就會變成這樣
12:38
The perfect love life -- symbolized by the perfect necklace,
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完美的項鍊象徵完美的愛情
12:41
the perfect diamond ring.
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完美的鑽戒
12:43
The perfect getaway in your perfect car.
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在完美的車裡開往完美假期
12:45
This is an interior design firm that is literally called Utopia.
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這是一個室內設計公司，名字就叫烏托邦
12:49
The perfect office --
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完美的辦公室
12:51
again, no cords, as far as I can tell.
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同樣，沒有電線，
12:53
And certainly, no, it doesn't look a thing like my office.
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當然，我的辦公室看起來根本不是這樣
12:56
I mean, there's no paper on the desk.
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桌上連張紙都沒有
12:58
We want this golden world.
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我們要這個金色的世界
13:00
And some people get rich enough,
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某些人賺夠了錢
13:02
and if they have their ideals -- in a sort of domestic sense,
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如果它們有自己的家居理想的話
13:06
they get to acquire their perfect world.
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他們可以買到這個完美世界
13:08
Dean Koontz built this fabulous home theater, which is --
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Dean Koontz 蓋了這個裝置藝術風格的家庭影院
13:11
I don't think accidentally -- in Art Deco style.
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我認為絕非碰巧
13:15
That symbolizes this sense of being safe and at home.
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象徵著安全和居家
13:18
This is not always good, because what is your perfect world?
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這不一定總是件好事，你的完美世界是怎樣的
13:21
What is your ideal, and also, what has been edited out?
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你的理想世界是怎樣的？在那其中
13:24
Is it something important?
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你是否剪掉了甚麼重要的細節？
13:26
"The Matrix" is a movie that is all about glamour.
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駭客任務是一部有關魅惑的電影
13:29
I could do a whole talk on "The Matrix" and glamour.
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這個演講可以全部拿來討論駭客任務和魅惑
13:31
It was criticized for glamorizing violence,
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但是你知道，它被批評為渲染暴力
13:35
because, look -- sunglasses and those long coats, and, of course,
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你看看那些太陽眼鏡和長大衣
13:40
they could walk up walls and do all these kinds of things
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他們還可以飛簷走壁之類的
13:42
that are impossible in the real world.
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在真實世界中是不可能的
13:44
This is another Margaret Bourke-White photo.
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這是另一張 Margaret Bourke White 的照片
13:46
This is from Soviet Union. Attractive.
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蘇聯。很吸引人。
13:48
I mean, look how happy the people are, and good-looking too.
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看看他們多麼開心，和美麗。
13:52
You know, we're marching toward Utopia.
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我們正邁向烏托邦
13:55
I'm not a fan of PETA, but I think this is a great ad.
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我不是保護動物組織的成員，但我覺得這是個很好的廣告
13:58
Because what they're doing is they're saying,
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因為他們在說的是
14:00
your coat's not so glamorous, what's been edited out is something important.
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你的外套並不這麼魅惑，有些重要的事情被除去了
14:04
But actually, what's even more important
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事實上，有甚麼比思考甚麼被除去了
14:06
than remembering what's been edited out is thinking, are the ideals good?
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更重要，更理想？
14:10
Because glamour can be very totalitarian and deceptive.
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由於魅惑可以非常極權和騙人。
14:14
And it's not just a matter of glamorizing cleaning your floor.
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這不只是美化你的地板
14:17
This is from "Triumph Of The Will" --
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這是“意志的勝利”
14:19
brilliant editing to cut together things.
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把所有東西精緻地消滅掉
14:21
There's a glamour shot.
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有一幅魅惑的照片
14:23
National Socialism is all about glamour.
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國家社會主義總是極為魅惑
14:25
It was a very aesthetic ideology.
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是一種理想美感
14:27
It was all about cleaning up Germany, and the West, and the world,
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有關清理德國，西方和世界
14:30
and ridding it of anything unglamorous.
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和消除任何不魅惑的事物
14:32
So glamour can be dangerous.
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魅惑可能是危險的
14:34
I think glamour has a genuine appeal, has a genuine value.
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魅惑當然是吸引人的，有它的價值
14:37
I'm not against glamour.
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我並不反對魅惑
14:39
But there's a kind of wonder in the stuff that gets edited away in the cords of life.
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但在日常生活中，那些被捨棄的東西裡，有些甚麼重要的事
14:44
And there is both a way to avoid the dangers of glamour
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有一種方法可以避開魅惑的危險
14:48
and a way to broaden your appreciation of it.
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或拓展你對魅惑的讚賞
14:50
And that's to take Isaac Mizrahi's advice
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採用 Issac Mizrahi 的堅毅
14:53
and confront the manipulation of it all,
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對面操控的事實
14:55
and sort of admit that manipulation is something that we enjoy,
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並承認我們喜歡這種操作
15:00
but also enjoy how it happens.
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享受它是如何發生的
15:02
And here's Hedy Lamarr.
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Hedy Lamarr 在此
15:04
She's very glamorous but, you know, she invented spread-spectrum technology.
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她非常迷人，但你同時知道她發明了擴頻技術
15:07
So she's even more glamorous if you know that she really wasn't stupid,
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知道她不傻，讓她更迷人了
15:10
even though she thought she could look stupid.
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儘管她知道她可能看上去很傻
15:12
David Hockney talks about how the appreciation of this
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David Hockney 談到如何欣賞這點
15:16
very glamorous painting is heightened if you think about
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我認為，那些魅惑的畫將更迷人
15:19
the fact that it takes two weeks to paint this splash,
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如果你想到它需要兩週才能完成
15:23
which only took a fraction of a second to happen.
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但其實一切在一秒內都已發生
15:25
There is a book out in the bookstore --
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書店裡有本書
15:28
it's called "Symphony In Steel,"
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叫“鋼的交響曲”
15:30
and it's about the stuff that's hidden under the skin of the Disney Center.
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有關迪士尼中心外表下的一切
15:33
And that has a fascination.
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它很神奇
15:35
It's not necessarily glamorous, but unveiling the glamour has an appeal.
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或許不魅惑，但揭開魅惑的表面也有其魅力
15:38
There's a wonderful book called "Crowns"
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有本好書叫“冠”
15:41
that's all these glamour pictures of black women in their church hats.
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有許多黑人婦女戴著教會帽的迷人照片
15:45
And there's a quote from one of these women, and she talks about,
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其中有個婦女說
15:48
"As a little girl, I'd admire women at church with beautiful hats.
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“在我還是一個小女孩的時候，我就喜歡教堂裡的這些漂亮帽子
15:51
They looked like beautiful dolls, like they'd just stepped out of a magazine.
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他們看上去像美麗的娃娃，像從雜誌中走出來的
15:55
But I also knew how hard they worked all week.
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但我也知道他們努力工作了一週
15:58
Sometimes under those hats there's a lot of joy and a lot of sorrow."
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在這些帽子下有很多很多的快樂和悲傷。
16:02
And, actually, you get more appreciation for glamour
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你更能欣賞這些魅惑
16:05
when you realize what went into creating it.
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當你了解人們花了多少心思創造它
16:08
Thank you.
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謝謝。
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Virginia Postrel - JournalistVirginia Postrel is a writer and cultural critic who examines the hidden economics of modern society, poking at the unexamined ideas behind the march of progress.
Why you should listen
Virginia Postrel looks at culture through the lens of economics, and vice versa -- looking for the hidden actors and attitudes that drive us to make the choices we do. She writes frequently for the Atlantic and Forbes, and is the author of several books, including The Substance of Style and The Future and Its Enemies.
Her next book will be about glamour; she's exploring the topic on the witty blog Deep Glamour. Her own blog, frequently updated and fascinatingly wide-ranging, is the Dynamist.
Virginia Postrel | Speaker | TED.com