ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Virginia Postrel - Journalist
Virginia Postrel is a writer and cultural critic who examines the hidden economics of modern society, poking at the unexamined ideas behind the march of progress.

Why you should listen

Virginia Postrel looks at culture through the lens of economics, and vice versa -- looking for the hidden actors and attitudes that drive us to make the choices we do. She writes frequently for the Atlantic and Forbes, and is the author of several books, including The Substance of Style and The Future and Its Enemies.

Her next book will be about glamour; she's exploring the topic on the witty blog Deep Glamour. Her own blog, frequently updated and fascinatingly wide-ranging, is the Dynamist.

More profile about the speaker
Virginia Postrel | Speaker | TED.com
TED2004

Virginia Postrel: On glamour

Virginia Postrel 談魅惑

Filmed:
421,899 views

文化評論人Virginia Postrel 探討魅力的真正含義和應用法則 - 任何經過仔細計算、小心修飾來迷人和說服人的影像都包括在其中。
- Journalist
Virginia Postrel is a writer and cultural critic who examines the hidden economics of modern society, poking at the unexamined ideas behind the march of progress. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:18
You might威力 be wondering想知道 why I'm wearing穿著 sunglasses墨鏡,
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你可能會疑惑為什麼我戴著太陽眼鏡
00:20
and one answer回答 to that is, because I'm here to talk about glamour魅力.
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其中的一個答案就是因為我今天的主題是魅惑。
00:25
So, we all think we know what glamour魅力 is. Here it is.
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我們都以為自己知道魅惑是甚麼
00:28
It's glamorous富有魅力的 movie電影 stars明星, like Marlene馬琳 Dietrich迪特里希.
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一個魅力十足的電影巨星,就像 Marlene Dietrich
00:31
And it comes in a male form形成, too --
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也有男性。
00:33
very glamorous富有魅力的.
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非常迷人。
00:35
Not only can he shoot射擊, drive駕駛, drink -- you know, he drinks飲料 wine紅酒,
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不僅僅因為他可以射擊,開車-- 他也喝酒
00:39
there actually其實 is a little wine紅酒 in there --
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照片裡也真的有酒
00:41
and of course課程, always wears穿 a tuxedo晚禮服.
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當然,他總是穿著燕尾服
00:44
But I think that glamour魅力 actually其實 has a much broader更廣泛 meaning含義 --
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但我認為,魅惑實際上有一個更廣泛的含義
00:48
one that is true真正 for the movie電影 stars明星 and the fictional虛構 characters人物,
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不但實現在電影明星和虛構人物身上
00:52
but also comes in other forms形式.
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但也出現在其他形式。
00:54
A magazine雜誌?
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一本雜誌?
00:56
Well, it's certainly當然 not this one.
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那麼,它肯定不是這一個。
00:58
This is the least最小 glamorous富有魅力的 magazine雜誌 on the newsstand報攤 -- it's all about sex性別 tips提示.
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這是報攤上最缺乏魅力的雜誌 - 全是性愛祕訣
01:01
Sex性別 tips提示 are not glamorous富有魅力的.
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性愛祕訣無關魅惑
01:03
And Drew德魯 Barrymore巴里摩爾, for all her wonderful精彩 charm魅力,
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和茱麗芭摩爾,雖然她很迷人
01:06
is not glamorous富有魅力的 either.
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但那仍然不是魅力
01:08
But there is a glamour魅力 of industry行業.
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這個產業裡有一種特定的魅力
01:10
This is Margaret瑪格麗特 Bourke-White's伯克 - 懷特的 --
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這是 Margaret Bourke White
01:12
one of her pictures圖片 she did.
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所照的照片
01:14
Fantastic奇妙, glamorous富有魅力的 pictures圖片
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神奇,迷人的照片
01:17
of steel mills鋼廠 and paper mills鋼廠 and all kinds of glamorous富有魅力的 industrial產業 places地方.
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鋼鐵廠和造紙廠和各種魅力的工業場所。
01:21
And there's the mythic神話 glamour魅力
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從車庫創業
01:23
of the garage車庫 entrepreneur企業家.
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也帶有一種神奇魅力
01:25
This is the Hewlett-Packard惠普 garage車庫.
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這是惠普車庫。
01:27
We know everyone大家 who starts啟動 a business商業 in a garage車庫
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我們都知道誰從車庫開始創業
01:30
ends結束 up founding創建 Hewlett-Packard惠普.
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最終最後成立惠普。
01:33
There's the glamour魅力 of physics物理.
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有物理的魅惑
01:35
What could be more glamorous富有魅力的 than understanding理解 the entire整個 universe宇宙,
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有什麼比了解整個宇宙更具魅惑呢
01:37
grand盛大 unification統一? And, by the way, it helps幫助 if you're Brian布賴恩 Greene格林 --
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全體合一,如果你是 Brian Greene 更好
01:41
he has other kinds of glamour魅力.
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他擁有其他種類的魅力
01:43
And there is, of course課程, this glamour魅力.
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還有,當然,這種魅力
01:45
This is very, very glamorous富有魅力的: the glamour魅力 of outer space空間 --
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這是非常,非常迷人 - 太空的魅惑
01:48
and not the alien-style外星人風格 glamour魅力,
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不是外星人的魅惑
01:51
but the nice不錯, clean清潔, early '60s version.
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而是美觀大方,乾淨,60年代初的版本。
01:54
So what do we mean by glamour魅力?
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那麼,我們所說的魅惑究竟是甚麼
01:56
Well, one thing you can do if you want to know what glamour魅力 means手段
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如果你想知道魅惑的意思
02:00
is you can look in the dictionary字典.
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可以去查字典。
02:02
And it actually其實 helps幫助 a lot more if you look in a very old dictionary字典,
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如果你看的是一本非常老的字典就更好了
02:05
in this case案件 the 1913 dictionary字典.
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在這種情況下,1913年的字典。
02:07
Because for centuries百年, glamour魅力 had a very particular特定 meaning含義,
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因為數百年來,魅惑 (glamour) 有一個非常特別的意義,
02:12
and the word was actually其實 used differently不同 from the way we think of it.
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我們使用它的方式和我們思考它的方式不同
02:17
You had "a" glamour魅力.
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你有魅力
02:19
It wasn't glamour魅力 as a quality質量 -- you "cast a glamour魅力."
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這不只是一種質感 - 你還得使用它
02:21
Glamour魅力 was a literal文字 magic魔法 spell拼寫.
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魅惑就像是一種魔咒
02:24
Not a metaphorical隱喻 one, the way we use it today今天,
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不只是一種隱喻,像我們今日的用法
02:26
but a literal文字 magic魔法 spell拼寫 associated相關 with witches女巫 and gypsies吉普賽人
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而是一種真的魔法,像巫婆和吉普賽人
02:30
and to some extent程度, Celtic塞爾特 magic魔法.
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並在一定程度上,凱爾特人魔術。
02:33
And over the years年份, around the turn of the 20th century世紀,
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這些年來,在20世紀之交,
02:36
it started開始 to take on this other kind of deception騙局 --
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它開始帶著一種欺騙
02:42
this definition定義 for any artificial人造 interest利益 in, or association協會 with,
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像是對一個虛假的,不實放大或美化的物件
02:47
an object目的 through通過 which哪一個 it appears出現 delusively虛妄 magnified放大 or glorified榮耀.
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產生虛假的興趣或與其有關
02:52
But still, glamour魅力 is an illusion錯覺.
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但儘管如此,魅惑是一種錯覺。
02:54
Glamour魅力 is a magic魔法 spell拼寫.
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魅惑是一個神奇的咒語。
02:57
And there's something dangerous危險 about glamour魅力
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魅惑還有些危險
02:59
throughout始終 most of history歷史. When the witches女巫 cast a magic魔法 spell拼寫
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縱觀大部分的歷史,當女巫對你
03:03
on you, it was not in your self-interest自我利益 --
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施咒
03:05
it was to get you to act法案 against反對 your interest利益.
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那往往是與你心相悖的
03:07
Well of course課程, in the 20th century世紀,
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嗯,當然,在 20 世紀,
03:09
glamour魅力 came來了 to have this different不同 meaning含義 associated相關 with Hollywood好萊塢.
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魅惑因為好萊塢有了全新的定義
03:13
And this is Hedy七喜 Lamarr拉馬爾.
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這是 Hedy Lamarr
03:15
Hedy七喜 Lamarr拉馬爾 said, "Anyone任何人 can look glamorous富有魅力的,
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她說,"任何人都可以迷人
03:17
all you have to do is sit there and look stupid." (Laughter笑聲)
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只要坐著裝笨就行了。"
03:20
But in fact事實, with all due應有 respect尊重 to Hedy七喜 --
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我們稍後還會繼續提到 Hedy
03:25
about whom we'll hear more later後來 -- there's a lot more to it.
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和他的言論,與我們今天的主題息息相關
03:29
There was a tremendous巨大 amount of technical技術 achievement成就
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有許多驚人的科技發展
03:32
associated相關 with creating創建 this Hollywood好萊塢 glamour魅力.
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和創造這種好萊塢魅惑有關
03:34
There were scores分數 of retouchers潤飾 and lighting燈光 experts專家 and make-up化妝 experts專家.
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有燈光師、化妝師和修片師
03:38
You can go to the museum博物館 of Hollywood好萊塢 history歷史 in Hollywood好萊塢
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你可以到好萊塢歷史博物館
03:41
and see Max馬克斯 Factor's因子的 special特別 rooms客房 that he painted different不同 colors顏色
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看看 Max Factor 為了不同膚色的明星
03:44
depending根據 on the complexion膚色 of the star he was going to make up.
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所設計的特殊房間,牆上的不同顏色
03:48
So you've got this highly高度 stylized程式化 portrait肖像 of something
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於是你得到了這種高度設計的人像
03:51
that was not entirely完全 of this earth地球 -- it was a portrait肖像 of a star.
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不完全屬於這個地球,而是一張明星的相片
03:54
And actually其實, we see glamorized美化 photos相片 of stars明星 all the time --
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試試上,我們時常看見這些造假的魅惑巨星照
03:58
they call them false color顏色.
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他們稱之為假彩色
04:00
Glamour魅力 is a form形成 of falsification偽造,
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魅惑是一種形式的弄虛作假,
04:04
but falsification偽造 to achieve實現 a particular特定 purpose目的.
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為達到某種特殊目的
04:07
It may可能 be to illuminate照亮 the star; it may可能 be to sell a film電影.
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可能是哄抬明星,或是為電影行銷
04:11
And it involves涉及 a great deal合同 of technique技術.
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它涉及了大量的技術。
04:13
It's not -- glamour魅力 is not something --
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這不是 - 魅惑並不自然
04:15
you don't wake喚醒 up in the morning早上 glamorous富有魅力的. I don't care關心 who you are.
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無論你是誰,你都不會一醒來就如此具有魅力
04:18
Even Nicole妮可 Kidman基德曼 doesn't wake喚醒 up in the morning早上 glamorous富有魅力的.
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就算妮可基曼也不能
04:21
There is a process處理 of "idealization理想化, glorification讚美 and dramatization戲劇化,"
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它總是要經過理想化,美化和戲劇化,
04:25
and it's not just the case案件 for people.
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不只針對人物
04:27
Glamour魅力 doesn't have to be people.
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魅力不只限於人物
04:29
Architectural建築的 photography攝影 --
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建築攝影 -
04:31
Julius朱利葉斯 Schulman舒爾曼, who has talked about transfiguration改變形像,
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討論變型的 Julius Schulman
04:34
took this fabulous極好, famous著名 picture圖片 of the Kauffman考夫曼 House.
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照了這張著名的 Kauffman House 照
04:37
Architectural建築的 photography攝影 is extremely非常 glamorous富有魅力的.
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建築攝影是非常魅惑的
04:40
It puts看跌期權 you into this special特別, special特別 world世界.
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它讓你進入這個特別的世界
04:44
This is Alex亞歷克斯 Ross's羅斯 comic滑稽 book art藝術,
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這是Alex Ross的漫畫
04:47
which哪一個 appears出現 to be extremely非常 realistic實際,
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看上去非常真實
04:49
as part部分 of his style樣式 is he gives you a kind of realism現實主義 in his comic滑稽 art藝術.
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在他的漫畫中,他給了你一種真實感
04:54
Except that light doesn't work this way in the real真實 world世界.
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但真實世界的燈光並不實這樣
04:57
When you stack people in rows,
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當你把人排成一排
04:59
the ones那些 in the background背景 look smaller than the ones那些 in the foreground前景 --
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後面的人看上去應該比前面的人小
05:02
but not in the world世界 of glamour魅力.
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但在魅惑世界不是這樣
05:05
What glamour魅力 is all about -- I took this from a blurb導語
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魅惑是怎麼一回事
05:08
in the table of contents內容 of New York紐約 magazine雜誌,
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我在紐約一本雜誌的的目錄裡看見這個
05:11
which哪一個 was telling告訴 us that glamour魅力 is back --
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告訴我們魅惑回來了
05:13
glamour魅力 is all about transcending超越 the everyday每天.
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魅惑超越日常生活
05:16
And I think that that's starting開始 to get at what the core核心
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我認為這已經幾乎達到
05:19
that combines聯合收割機 all sorts排序 of glamour魅力 is.
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結合所有魅惑的核心了
05:22
This is FilippinoFilippino Lippi's里皮的 1543 portrait肖像 of Saint Apollonia阿波羅尼亞.
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這是 Fiilippino Lippi 1543年所繪的聖徒 Apollonia 相
05:27
And I don't know who she is either,
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我也不知道她是誰
05:29
but this is the [16th] century世紀 equivalent當量 of a supermodel名模.
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在15世紀大概相當與今日的名模
05:32
It's a very glamorous富有魅力的 portrait肖像.
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一幅非常魅惑的畫像
05:34
Why is it glamorous富有魅力的?
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魅惑在哪?
05:36
It's glamorous富有魅力的, first, because she is beautiful美麗 --
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魅惑,第一因為她美麗
05:38
but that does not make you glamorous富有魅力的,
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但這不足以讓你魅惑他人
05:40
that only makes品牌 you beautiful美麗.
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只有讓你美麗。
05:42
She is graceful優美, she is mysterious神秘 and she is transcendent超然,
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她優雅,她是神秘的,她是超越性,
05:47
and those are the central中央 qualities氣質 of glamour魅力.
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這些都是魅惑的基本要素
05:49
You don't see her eyes眼睛; they're looking downward向下.
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你看不見她的眼睛,她垂下眼
05:53
She's not looking away from you exactly究竟,
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她並不是不看你
05:55
but you have to mentally精神上 imagine想像 her world世界.
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但你必須自己想像她的世界
05:59
She's encouraging鼓舞人心的 you to contemplate沉思 this higher更高 world世界
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她的鼓勵你去思考這個更高的層次
06:03
to which哪一個 she belongs屬於, where she can be completely全然 tranquil寧靜
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她在那裡全然安靜
06:06
while holding保持 the iron instruments儀器 of her death死亡 by torture拷打.
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手持折磨她致死的鐵器
06:10
Mel梅爾 Gibson's吉布森 "Passion Of The Christ基督" -- not glamorous富有魅力的.
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梅爾吉勃遜的“基督受難記” - 不魅惑
06:13
That's glamour魅力:
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這才是魅惑
06:15
that's Michelangelo's米開朗基羅 "Pieta皮塔," where Mary瑪麗 is the same相同 age年齡 as Jesus耶穌
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這是米開朗基羅的“聖母憐子圖”,其中瑪麗和耶穌童年
06:18
and they're both awfully非常 happy快樂 and pleasant愉快.
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他們倆如此幸福愉快
06:21
Glamour魅力 invites邀請 us to live生活 in a different不同 world世界.
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魅惑讓我們活在不同世界
06:24
It has to simultaneously同時 be mysterious神秘, a little bit distant遙遠 --
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它又神祕又遙遠
06:28
that's why, often經常 in these glamour魅力 shots鏡頭,
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這就是為甚麼在這些魅惑的相片中
06:30
the person is not looking at the audience聽眾,
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他們從不直視觀眾
06:32
it's why sunglasses墨鏡 are glamorous富有魅力的 --
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這就是為甚麼太陽眼鏡如此魅惑
06:35
but also not so far above以上 us that we can't identify鑑定 with the person.
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但又不至於讓我們認不出那人
06:39
In some sense, there has to be something like us.
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從某種意義上說,它必須和我們有些共通處
06:43
So as I say, in religious宗教 art藝術, you know, God is not glamorous富有魅力的.
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因此,正如我說,在宗教藝術,你知道,神是不魅惑的
06:46
God cannot不能 be glamorous富有魅力的 because God is omnipotent無所不能,
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神不迷人因為祂無所不在
06:49
omniscient無所不知 -- too far above以上 us.
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無所不知 - 這有些太遙遠了
06:51
And yet然而 you will see in religious宗教 art藝術, saints聖人 or the Virgin處女 Mary瑪麗
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然而,你會看到在宗教藝術,聖人或聖母瑪利亞
06:54
will often經常 be portrayed刻畫 -- not always -- in glamorous富有魅力的 forms形式.
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往往被描繪 - 並不總是 - 用一種魅惑的方式
06:57
As I said earlier, glamour魅力 does not have to be about people,
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正如我剛才所說,魅惑不一定和觀眾有關
07:01
but it has to have this transcendent超然 quality質量.
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但必須有一種穿透性
07:04
What is it about Superman超人?
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超人呢?
07:06
Aside在旁邊 from Alex亞歷克斯 Ross's羅斯 style樣式, which哪一個 is very glamorous富有魅力的,
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除了來自 Alex Ross 的魅惑風格
07:08
one thing about Superman超人 is he makes品牌 you believe that a man can fly.
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超人讓你相信人可以飛
07:12
Glamour魅力 is all about transcending超越 this world世界
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魅惑有關超越這個世界
07:15
and getting得到 to an idealized理想化, perfect完善 place地點.
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到一個理想的,完美的地方
07:19
And this is one reason原因 that modes模式 of transportation運輸
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這也是為甚麼運輸系統
07:23
tend趨向 to be extremely非常 glamorous富有魅力的.
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總是非常魅惑
07:25
The less experience經驗 we have with them,
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我們越不曾經歷的
07:27
the more glamorous富有魅力的 they are.
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越魅惑
07:29
So you can do a glamorized美化 picture圖片 of a car汽車,
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你可以做一個魅惑的車照
07:32
but you can't do a glamorized美化 picture圖片 of traffic交通.
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但你不能做出一張魅惑的塞車照
07:34
You can do a glamorized美化 picture圖片 of an airplane飛機, but not the inside.
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你可以做一張魅惑的飛機相片,但不包括內部
07:38
The notion概念 is that it's going to transport運輸 you,
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那概念是:它會帶你到其它地方
07:40
and the story故事 is not about, you know, the guy in front面前 of you in the airplane飛機,
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這和坐你前面的那傢伙無關
07:44
who has this nasty討厭 little kid孩子, or the big cough咳嗽.
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和這個討厭的小孩是誰的,或大聲咳嗽無關
07:48
The story故事 is about where you're arriving到達,
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這故事和你的目的地有關
07:50
or thinking思維 about where you're arriving到達.
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或想像你的目的地
07:52
And this sense of being存在 transported
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這種被帶走的感覺
07:54
is one reason原因 that we have glamour魅力 styling造型.
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就是魅惑風格的來源
07:58
This sort分類 of streamlining精簡 styling造型 is not just glamorous富有魅力的
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這些線條並不只是魅惑
08:02
because we associate關聯 it with movies電影 of that period, but because,
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不只因為我們會因此想到同期的電影
08:06
in it's streamlining精簡, it transports運輸 us from the everyday每天.
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而是在這些線條中,我們忘記了日常生活
08:09
The same相同 thing -- arches拱門 are very glamorous富有魅力的.
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相同的,拱門很魅惑
08:12
Arches拱門 with stained染色 glass玻璃 -- even more glamorous富有魅力的.
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拱門和彩色玻璃,更魅惑
08:15
Staircases樓梯 that curve曲線 away from you are glamorous富有魅力的.
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旋轉樓梯非常魅惑
08:18
I happen發生 to find that particular特定 staircase樓梯 picture圖片 very glamorous富有魅力的
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某些樓梯圖片對我來說非常魅惑
08:21
because, to me, it captures捕獲 the whole整個 promise諾言
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因為對我來說,它就像在承諾我
08:23
of the academic學術的 contemplative沉思 life --
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一個學術的、深思的生活
08:26
but maybe that's because I went to Princeton普林斯頓.
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但也許那是因為我去了普林斯頓大學。
08:28
Anyway無論如何, skylines天際線 are super glamorous富有魅力的,
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天際線非常魅惑
08:31
city streets街道 -- not so glamorous富有魅力的.
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街道 - 沒這麼魅惑
08:33
You know, when you get, actually其實 to this town it has reality現實.
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你知道的,真實並不魅惑
08:36
The horizon地平線, the open打開 road, is very, very glamorous富有魅力的.
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地平線上,在開闊的道路,是非常,非常魅惑
08:40
There are few少數 things more glamorous富有魅力的 than the horizon地平線 --
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很少有甚麼事情比地平線更魅惑
08:43
except, possibly或者, multiple horizons視野.
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除了多重的地平線
08:47
Of course課程, here you don't feel the cold, or the heat --
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當然,在這裡你不覺得冷,或熱 -
08:52
you just see the possibilities可能性.
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你看到的只是可能性
08:54
In order訂購 to pull glamour魅力 off, you need this Renaissance再生 quality質量
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想要達到魅惑的效果,你需要文藝復興的質感
08:58
of sprezzaturasprezzatura, which哪一個 is a term術語 coined創造 by Castiglione郎世寧
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Castiglione 在它的“朝臣書”中
09:03
in his book, "The Book Of The Courtier朝臣."
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創造了 sprezzatura 這個詞
09:05
There's the not-glamorous不美艷 version of what it looks容貌 like today今天,
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經過幾個世紀,這本書今日
09:08
after a few少數 centuries百年.
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看上去不再魅惑
09:10
And sprezzaturasprezzatura is the art藝術 that conceals隱匿 art藝術.
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sprezzatura 是一種隱藏的藝術。
09:14
It makes品牌 things look effortless毫不費力.
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它使事情看起來不費吹灰之力。
09:16
You don't think about how Nicole妮可 Kidman基德曼 is maneuvering機動 that dress連衣裙 --
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你不想知道妮可基曼如何努力套進那件禮服
09:20
she just looks容貌 completely全然 natural自然.
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她看上去非常自然舒服
09:22
And I remember記得 reading, after the Lara拉拉 Croft克羅夫特 movies電影,
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裘莉在拍攝古墓奇兵期間
09:25
how Angelina安吉麗娜 Jolie朱莉 would go home completely全然 black黑色 and blue藍色.
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打的全身是傷,滿身的瘀青
09:29
Of course課程, they covered覆蓋 that with make-up化妝,
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但當然他們都用化妝掩蓋了
09:31
because Lara拉拉 Croft克羅夫特 did all those same相同 stunts特技 --
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因為女主角做了所有的動作
09:33
but she doesn't get black黑色 and blue藍色, because she has sprezzaturasprezzatura.
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卻毫無瘀青,因為她有 sprezzatura
09:37
"To conceal隱藏 all art藝術 and make whatever隨你 is doneDONE or said appear出現 to be without effort功夫":
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掩蓋所有的努力,看上去毫不費力
09:42
And this is one of the critical危急 aspects方面 of glamour魅力.
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事實上,這是魅惑的一個重點
09:45
Glamour魅力 is about editing編輯.
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魅力是有關編輯。
09:47
How do you create創建 the sense of transcendence超越,
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妮如果創造穿透力
09:49
the sense of evoking喚起 a perfect完善 world世界?
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喚起一個完美世界
09:52
The sense of, you know, life could be better, I could join加入 this --
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生活可以更好,我可以加入它們
09:56
I could be a perfect完善 person, I could join加入 this perfect完善 world世界.
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我可以是一個完美的人,加入這個完美的世界。
09:58
We don't tell you all the grubby骯髒 details細節.
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我們不告訴你任何骯髒的細節。
10:01
Now, this was kindly和藹 lent借給 to me by Jeff傑夫 Bezos貝佐斯, from last year.
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這是 Jeff Bezos 好心借我的
10:05
This is underneath Jeff's傑夫的 desk.
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這是傑夫辦公桌下面的模樣
10:07
This is what the real真實 world世界 of computers電腦,
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這是現實世界的電腦,
10:10
lamps燈具, electrical電動 appliances家電 of all kinds, looks容貌 like.
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燈具,電器的各種模樣。
10:14
But if you look in a catalog目錄 --
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但如果你看今天目錄 -
10:16
particularly尤其 a catalog目錄 of modern現代, beautiful美麗 objects對象 for your home --
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在你為你的家找尋一個現代的、美麗的傢具時
10:19
it looks容貌 like this.
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它看起來像這樣。
10:21
There are no cords.
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沒有電線。
10:23
Look next下一個 time you get these catalogs目錄 in your mail郵件 --
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下次當你收到這些目錄時
10:26
you can usually平時 figure數字 out where they hid the cord.
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你可以想像他們都把線藏到哪裡去了
10:29
But there's always this illusion錯覺 that if you buy購買 this lamp,
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但你總是有這種幻覺:如果你買了這盞燈
10:32
you will live生活 in a world世界 without cords. (Laughter笑聲)
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你將活在一個沒有電線的世界
10:35
And the same相同 thing is true真正 of, if you buy購買 this laptop筆記本電腦
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如果你買了這台筆記本電腦
10:38
or you buy購買 this computer電腦 -- and even in these wireless無線 eras時代,
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或者是這台電腦 - 甚至在這個無線時代
10:41
you don't get to live生活 in the world世界 without cords.
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你仍然無法活在無線的世界
10:43
You have to have mystery神秘 and you have to have grace恩典.
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你必須有神祕,和風度
10:47
And there she is -- Grace恩典.
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就像她一樣 - 葛雷斯。
10:49
This is the most glamorous富有魅力的 picture圖片, I think, ever.
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我想這將永遠會是史上最魅惑的照片
10:51
Part部分 of the thing is that, in "Rear Window窗口,"
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還有在電影”後窗“的那些鏡頭
10:54
the question is, is she too glamorous富有魅力的 to live生活 in his world世界?
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問題是,她是否魅惑到一個不屬於他的世界?
10:57
And the answer回答 is no, but of course課程 it's really just a movie電影.
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答案是否定的,當然那只是一部電影
11:00
Here's這裡的 Hedy七喜 Lamarr拉馬爾 again.
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Hedy Lamarr 又來了
11:02
And, you know, this kind of head covering覆蓋 is extremely非常 glamorous富有魅力的
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你知道這種頭套非常魅惑
11:05
because, like sunglasses墨鏡, it conceals隱匿 and reveals揭示 at the same相同 time.
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它就像太陽眼鏡,它隱藏又顯示⋯⋯
11:09
Translucence半透明 is glamorous富有魅力的 --
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半透明的魅惑
11:11
that's why all these people wear穿 pearls珍珠.
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於是人們戴珍珠
11:13
It's why barware酒具 is glamorous富有魅力的. Glamour魅力 is translucent半透明 --
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這就是為什麼酒具如此魅惑 - 魅惑是半透明的,
11:17
not transparent透明, not opaque不透明.
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不透明,也不完全不透明
11:19
It invites邀請 us into the world世界
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它邀請我們進入
11:21
but it doesn't give us a completely全然 clear明確 picture圖片.
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但我們並不知道它的全貌
11:25
And I think if Grace恩典 Kelly黃綠色 is the most glamorous富有魅力的 person,
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如果葛雷斯凱莉是最為魅惑的人
11:28
maybe a spiral螺旋 staircase樓梯 with glass玻璃 block may可能 be the most glamorous富有魅力的 interior室內 shot射擊,
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或許玻璃製的旋轉樓梯是最魅惑的室內照
11:34
because a spiral螺旋 staircase樓梯 is incredibly令人難以置信 glamorous富有魅力的.
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因為螺旋樓梯非常魅惑
11:37
It has that sense of going up and away,
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它暗示著走上去,離開
11:41
and yet然而 you never think about how you would really trip
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但你從未想到下來的時候
11:44
if you were -- particularly尤其 going down.
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很容易跌倒
11:46
And of course課程 glass玻璃 block has that sense of translucence半透明.
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當然玻璃有一種透明感
11:49
So, this session's會議的 supposed應該 to be about pure pleasure樂趣
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這次的會議討論的應該是純粹的享樂
11:53
but glamour's魅力的 really partly部分地 about meaning含義.
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但魅惑其實有它真正的意義
11:56
All individuals個人 and all cultures文化 have ideals理想
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所以人和所有文化都有
11:59
that cannot不能 possibly或者 be realized實現 in reality現實.
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無法實現的理想
12:03
They have contradictions矛盾,
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他們有矛盾,
12:05
they uphold堅持 principles原則 that are incommensurable不可通約的 with each other --
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它們有些無法互通的原則
12:08
whatever隨你 it is -- and yet然而 these ideals理想 give meaning含義 and purpose目的
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無論如何,但這些理想為我們的文化和個人生活
12:11
to our lives生活 as cultures文化 and as individuals個人.
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帶來意義和目的
12:14
And the way we deal合同 with that is we displace頂替 them --
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我們處理它的方式是
12:18
we put them into a golden金色 world世界, an imagined想像 world世界,
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把它放到一個想像的,金色的世界
12:21
an age年齡 of heroes英雄, the world世界 to come.
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一個英雄的時代,即將出現的理想世界
12:24
And in the life of an individual個人, we often經常 associate關聯 that with some object目的.
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我們把這些理想和某些物品做出聯繫
12:28
The white白色 picket糾察 fence籬笆, the perfect完善 house.
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白色的柵欄,完美的房子。
12:32
The perfect完善 kitchen廚房 -- no bills票據 on the counter計數器 in the perfect完善 kitchen廚房.
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完美的廚房 - 桌上沒有任何賬單的完美廚房
12:35
You know, you buy購買 that Viking海盜 range範圍, this is what your kitchen廚房 will look like.
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如果你買下那名牌烤箱,你的廚房就會變成這樣
12:38
The perfect完善 love life -- symbolized象徵 by the perfect完善 necklace項鍊,
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完美的項鍊象徵完美的愛情
12:41
the perfect完善 diamond鑽石 ring.
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完美的鑽戒
12:43
The perfect完善 getaway逃離 in your perfect完善 car汽車.
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在完美的車裡開往完美假期
12:45
This is an interior室內 design設計 firm公司 that is literally按照字面 called Utopia烏托邦.
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這是一個室內設計公司,名字就叫烏托邦
12:49
The perfect完善 office辦公室 --
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完美的辦公室
12:51
again, no cords, as far as I can tell.
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同樣,沒有電線,
12:53
And certainly當然, no, it doesn't look a thing like my office辦公室.
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當然,我的辦公室看起來根本不是這樣
12:56
I mean, there's no paper on the desk.
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桌上連張紙都沒有
12:58
We want this golden金色 world世界.
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我們要這個金色的世界
13:00
And some people get rich豐富 enough足夠,
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某些人賺夠了錢
13:02
and if they have their ideals理想 -- in a sort分類 of domestic國內 sense,
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如果它們有自己的家居理想的話
13:06
they get to acquire獲得 their perfect完善 world世界.
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他們可以買到這個完美世界
13:08
Dean院長 Koontz孔茨 built內置 this fabulous極好 home theater劇院, which哪一個 is --
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Dean Koontz 蓋了這個裝置藝術風格的家庭影院
13:11
I don't think accidentally偶然 -- in Art藝術 Deco德科 style樣式.
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我認為絕非碰巧
13:15
That symbolizes象徵著 this sense of being存在 safe安全 and at home.
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象徵著安全和居家
13:18
This is not always good, because what is your perfect完善 world世界?
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這不一定總是件好事,你的完美世界是怎樣的
13:21
What is your ideal理想, and also, what has been edited編輯 out?
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你的理想世界是怎樣的?在那其中
13:24
Is it something important重要?
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你是否剪掉了甚麼重要的細節?
13:26
"The Matrix矩陣" is a movie電影 that is all about glamour魅力.
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駭客任務是一部有關魅惑的電影
13:29
I could do a whole整個 talk on "The Matrix矩陣" and glamour魅力.
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這個演講可以全部拿來討論駭客任務和魅惑
13:31
It was criticized批評 for glamorizing美化 violence暴力,
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但是你知道,它被批評為渲染暴力
13:35
because, look -- sunglasses墨鏡 and those long coats大衣, and, of course課程,
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你看看那些太陽眼鏡和長大衣
13:40
they could walk步行 up walls牆壁 and do all these kinds of things
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他們還可以飛簷走壁之類的
13:42
that are impossible不可能 in the real真實 world世界.
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在真實世界中是不可能的
13:44
This is another另一個 Margaret瑪格麗特 Bourke-White伯克 - 懷特 photo照片.
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這是另一張 Margaret Bourke White 的照片
13:46
This is from Soviet蘇聯 Union聯盟. Attractive有吸引力.
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蘇聯。很吸引人。
13:48
I mean, look how happy快樂 the people are, and good-looking好看 too.
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看看他們多麼開心,和美麗。
13:52
You know, we're marching行軍 toward Utopia烏托邦.
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我們正邁向烏托邦
13:55
I'm not a fan風扇 of PETAPETA, but I think this is a great ad廣告.
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我不是保護動物組織的成員,但我覺得這是個很好的廣告
13:58
Because what they're doing is they're saying,
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因為他們在說的是
14:00
your coat's外套的 not so glamorous富有魅力的, what's been edited編輯 out is something important重要.
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你的外套並不這麼魅惑,有些重要的事情被除去了
14:04
But actually其實, what's even more important重要
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事實上,有甚麼比思考甚麼被除去了
14:06
than remembering記憶 what's been edited編輯 out is thinking思維, are the ideals理想 good?
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更重要,更理想?
14:10
Because glamour魅力 can be very totalitarian極權主義 and deceptive騙人的.
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由於魅惑可以非常極權和騙人。
14:14
And it's not just a matter of glamorizing美化 cleaning清潔的 your floor地板.
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這不只是美化你的地板
14:17
This is from "Triumph勝利 Of The Will" --
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這是“意志的勝利”
14:19
brilliant輝煌 editing編輯 to cut together一起 things.
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把所有東西精緻地消滅掉
14:21
There's a glamour魅力 shot射擊.
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有一幅魅惑的照片
14:23
National國民 Socialism社會主義 is all about glamour魅力.
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國家社會主義總是極為魅惑
14:25
It was a very aesthetic審美 ideology思想.
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是一種理想美感
14:27
It was all about cleaning清潔的 up Germany德國, and the West西, and the world世界,
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有關清理德國,西方和世界
14:30
and ridding李爾庭 it of anything unglamorous乏味的.
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和消除任何不魅惑的事物
14:32
So glamour魅力 can be dangerous危險.
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魅惑可能是危險的
14:34
I think glamour魅力 has a genuine真正 appeal上訴, has a genuine真正 value.
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魅惑當然是吸引人的,有它的價值
14:37
I'm not against反對 glamour魅力.
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我並不反對魅惑
14:39
But there's a kind of wonder奇蹟 in the stuff東東 that gets得到 edited編輯 away in the cords of life.
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但在日常生活中,那些被捨棄的東西裡,有些甚麼重要的事
14:44
And there is both a way to avoid避免 the dangers危險 of glamour魅力
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有一種方法可以避開魅惑的危險
14:48
and a way to broaden擴大 your appreciation升值 of it.
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或拓展你對魅惑的讚賞
14:50
And that's to take Isaac艾薩克 Mizrahi's米茲拉希的 advice忠告
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採用 Issac Mizrahi 的堅毅
14:53
and confront面對 the manipulation操作 of it all,
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對面操控的事實
14:55
and sort分類 of admit承認 that manipulation操作 is something that we enjoy請享用,
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並承認我們喜歡這種操作
15:00
but also enjoy請享用 how it happens發生.
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享受它是如何發生的
15:02
And here's這裡的 Hedy七喜 Lamarr拉馬爾.
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Hedy Lamarr 在此
15:04
She's very glamorous富有魅力的 but, you know, she invented發明 spread-spectrum擴頻 technology技術.
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她非常迷人,但你同時知道她發明了擴頻技術
15:07
So she's even more glamorous富有魅力的 if you know that she really wasn't stupid,
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知道她不傻,讓她更迷人了
15:10
even though雖然 she thought she could look stupid.
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儘管她知道她可能看上去很傻
15:12
David大衛 Hockney霍克尼 talks會談 about how the appreciation升值 of this
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David Hockney 談到如何欣賞這點
15:16
very glamorous富有魅力的 painting繪畫 is heightened提高 if you think about
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我認為,那些魅惑的畫將更迷人
15:19
the fact事實 that it takes two weeks to paint塗料 this splash,
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如果你想到它需要兩週才能完成
15:23
which哪一個 only took a fraction分數 of a second第二 to happen發生.
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但其實一切在一秒內都已發生
15:25
There is a book out in the bookstore書店 --
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書店裡有本書
15:28
it's called "Symphony交響樂 In Steel,"
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叫“鋼的交響曲”
15:30
and it's about the stuff東東 that's hidden under the skin皮膚 of the Disney迪士尼 Center中央.
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有關迪士尼中心外表下的一切
15:33
And that has a fascination魅力.
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它很神奇
15:35
It's not necessarily一定 glamorous富有魅力的, but unveiling揭幕 the glamour魅力 has an appeal上訴.
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或許不魅惑,但揭開魅惑的表面也有其魅力
15:38
There's a wonderful精彩 book called "Crowns"
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有本好書叫“冠”
15:41
that's all these glamour魅力 pictures圖片 of black黑色 women婦女 in their church教會 hats帽子.
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有許多黑人婦女戴著教會帽的迷人照片
15:45
And there's a quote引用 from one of these women婦女, and she talks會談 about,
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其中有個婦女說
15:48
"As a little girl女孩, I'd admire欣賞 women婦女 at church教會 with beautiful美麗 hats帽子.
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“在我還是一個小女孩的時候,我就喜歡教堂裡的這些漂亮帽子
15:51
They looked看著 like beautiful美麗 dolls玩偶, like they'd他們會 just stepped加強 out of a magazine雜誌.
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他們看上去像美麗的娃娃,像從雜誌中走出來的
15:55
But I also knew知道 how hard they worked工作 all week.
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但我也知道他們努力工作了一週
15:58
Sometimes有時 under those hats帽子 there's a lot of joy喜悅 and a lot of sorrow悲哀."
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在這些帽子下有很多很多的快樂和悲傷。
16:02
And, actually其實, you get more appreciation升值 for glamour魅力
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你更能欣賞這些魅惑
16:05
when you realize實現 what went into creating創建 it.
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當你了解人們花了多少心思創造它
16:08
Thank you.
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謝謝。
Translated by Coco Shen
Reviewed by Geoff Chen

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Virginia Postrel - Journalist
Virginia Postrel is a writer and cultural critic who examines the hidden economics of modern society, poking at the unexamined ideas behind the march of progress.

Why you should listen

Virginia Postrel looks at culture through the lens of economics, and vice versa -- looking for the hidden actors and attitudes that drive us to make the choices we do. She writes frequently for the Atlantic and Forbes, and is the author of several books, including The Substance of Style and The Future and Its Enemies.

Her next book will be about glamour; she's exploring the topic on the witty blog Deep Glamour. Her own blog, frequently updated and fascinatingly wide-ranging, is the Dynamist.

More profile about the speaker
Virginia Postrel | Speaker | TED.com