Rebecca Brachman: A new class of drug that could prevent depression and PTSD
ربکا براچمن: نوع جدیدی از دارو که میتواند از افسردگی و اختلال استرس پس از سانحه (PTSD) پیشگیری کند
Rebecca Brachman is a pioneer in the field of preventative psychopharmacology, developing drugs to enhance stress resilience and prevent mental illness. Full bio
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were made from, of all things,
از هرچیزی ساخته میشد،
one in five soldiers develop depression,
یکی از هر پنج سرباز، دچار افسردگی
یا هردو میباشد.
that are at high risk for these diseases.
ریسک بالای این بیماریها هستند.
cancer patients, aid workers, refugees --
بیماران سرطانی، مددکاران، پناهندگان
or major life stress.
روحی یا استرسهای زندگی قرار دارد.
these disorders are,
این بیماریها پیش پا افتاده هستند،
if they work at all,
درصورتیکه موثر واقع شوند،
discovered the first vaccine --
واکسن را کشف کرد،
a prophylactic for a disease,
کشف نکرد،
to extend to psychiatric diseases.
بیماریهای روانی وجود نداشت،
accidentally discovered
بطور تصادفی اولین داروهایی
depression and PTSD.
سانحه (PTSD) پیشگیری کند را کشف کردیم.
کشف کردیم،
whether they work in humans.
که آیا روی انسان کار میکند.
psychopharmaceuticals
stress resilience,
استرس کار میکنند،
تاب آوری بنامیم.
that you've since recovered from.
داشتهاید و بعدا از آن گذر کردهاید،
you missed a flight.
از پرواز جا مانده بودید.
is the active biological process
بیولوژیکی است که به ما اجازه میدهد
to bounce back after stress.
آن را پشت سر بگذاریم.
and your immune system fights it off.
و سیستم ایمنی شما با آن مقابله میکند.
enough stressor,
such as depression.
منجر شود.
of major depressive disorder
against purely biological stressors,
در برابرعوامل استرس زای صرفا بیولوژیکی،
like bullying and isolation.
مثل زورگویی و انزوا، حفاظت کننده باشند.
of stress hormones.
without a psychological component.
بدون حضورعامل روانشناختی.
of antidepressant treatment beforehand,
درمانهای ضد افسردگی را به موش بدهیم،
enhancer given a week before
یک هفته قبل از دادن هورمون استرس،
the depressive behavior.
افسرده پیشگیری میکند.
a drug has ever been shown
جهت پیشگیری
often lifelong, clinical diseases.
غالبا بیماریهای مزمن و بالینی هستند.
of substance abuse, homelessness,
بیخانمان شدن،
افزایش میدهند.
is over three trillion dollars per year.
بیش از سه میلیارد دلار در هر سال است.
که فردی ریسک قرار گرفتن
where we know someone is predictively
to extreme stress.
going into an earthquake zone.
منطقه زلزله زده برود.
of a resilience enhancer
قرص افزایش دهنده تاب آوری
by looters or worse,
به تیراندازی یا بدترمیشود،
against developing depression or PTSD
اختلال استرس پس از سانحه
from experiencing the stress,
استرس توسط او نمیشود،
استرس را پشت سر بگذارد.
her susceptibility to depression and PTSD,
استرس را بطور چشمگیری کاهش دهیم و احتمالا
her home, her family or even her life.
خانواده و حتی زندگیاش نجات دهیم.
را کشف کرد،
the smallpox vaccine,
به سرعت کشف شدند.
was widely available.
sensitive and creative and empathetic.
خلاق و همدل شوند.
by constitution and not biology.
نه زیست شناسی.
today about depression.
در مورد افسردگی گفته میشود.
opened the door
که دری به سوی
that followed after,
open the possibility of a whole new field:
افق تازهای برای ما گشوده است:
choose to do with it.
چه انتخابی میکنیم نیز بستگی دارد.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Rebecca Brachman - Neuroscientist, writer, entrepreneurRebecca Brachman is a pioneer in the field of preventative psychopharmacology, developing drugs to enhance stress resilience and prevent mental illness.
Why you should listen
Current treatments for mood disorders only suppress symptoms without addressing the underlying disease, and there are no known cures. The drugs Rebecca Brachman is developing would be the first to prevent psychiatric disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression.
Brachman completed her PhD at Columbia University, prior to which she was a fellow at the National Institutes of Health, where she discovered that immune cells carry a memory of psychological stress and that white blood cells can act as antidepressants and resilience-enhancers. Brachman's research has been featured in The Atlantic, WIRED and Business Insider, and her work was recently described by Dr. George Slavich on NPR as a "moonshot project that is very much needed in the mental health arena."
In addition to conducting ongoing research at Columbia, Brachman is an NYCEDC Entrepreneurship Lab Fellow and cofounder of Paravax -- a biotech startup developing vaccine-like prophylactic drugs ("paravaccines") -- along with her scientific collaborator, Christine Ann Denny. She is also working on a non-profit venture to repurpose existing generic drugs for use as prophylactics, and previously served as the Interim Program Director for Outreach at the Zuckerman Institute at Columbia University.
Brachman is also a playwright and screenwriter. She holds Bachelor's degrees in both neuroscience and creative wWriting, and she is currently working on a tech-focused writing project with her long-time writing partner, Sean Calder ("Grimm," "Damages," "ER"). She served as the director of NeuWrite, a national network of science-writing groups that fosters ongoing collaboration between scientists, writers and artists, and she has been featured as a storyteller at The Story Collider.
(Photo: Kenneth Willardt)
Rebecca Brachman | Speaker | TED.com