Rebecca Brachman: A new class of drug that could prevent depression and PTSD
Rebecca Brachman: Una nuova classe di farmaci che potrebbe prevenire la depressione e il disturbo da stress post-traumatico
Rebecca Brachman is a pioneer in the field of preventative psychopharmacology, developing drugs to enhance stress resilience and prevent mental illness. Full bio
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erano fatti, pensate un po',
were made from, of all things,
avanzato dalla Seconda Guerra Mondiale.
se consideriamo che oggi
one in five soldiers develop depression,
soffre di depressione,
post-traumatico o di entrambi.
that are at high risk for these diseases.
di sviluppare queste malattie.
i medici del pronto soccorso,
cancer patients, aid workers, refugees --
gli operatori umanitari, i profughi,
o a un grande stress nella propria vita.
or major life stress.
siano molto comuni,
these disorders are,
se si rivelano efficaci,
if they work at all,
il primo vaccino nel 1798,
discovered the first vaccine --
profilattico per una malattia,
a prophylactic for a disease,
prevenire le malattie.
non si potesse estendere
to extend to psychiatric diseases.
accidentally discovered
abbiamo accidentalmente scoperto
depression and PTSD.
la depressione e il DPTS.
i loro effetti sugli esseri umani.
whether they work in humans.
psychopharmaceuticals
del tutto nuova.
la resilienza allo stress,
stress resilience,
"potenziatori di resilienza".
dal quale vi siete ripresi.
that you've since recovered from.
la fine di una relazione,
you missed a flight.
è quel processo biologico attivo
is the active biological process
dopo un episodio di stress.
to bounce back after stress.
combatte contro un raffreddore.
and your immune system fights it off.
di stress sufficientemente significativo
enough stressor,
come la depressione.
such as depression.
di disturbi depressivi maggiori
of major depressive disorder
abbiamo osservato nei topi,
against purely biological stressors,
sono in grado di proteggere
come gli ormoni dello stress,
e psicologici di stress,
like bullying and isolation.
abbiamo somministrato ai topi
per tre settimane,
of stress hormones.
senza una componente psicologica.
without a psychological component.
antidepressivi per tre settimane
of antidepressant treatment beforehand,
di un potenziatore di resilienza
enhancer given a week before
il comportamento depressivo,
the depressive behavior.
che un farmaco si rivela capace
a drug has ever been shown
negativi dello stress.
sono malattie cliniche croniche
often lifelong, clinical diseases.
di sostanze, di restare senza casa,
of substance abuse, homelessness,
di Alzheimer e di suicidio.
is over three trillion dollars per year.
di dollari all'anno.
in cui si prevede che qualcuno
where we know someone is predictively
esposto a una forma di stress estremo.
to extreme stress.
della Croce Rossa in una zona terremotata.
going into an earthquake zone.
potremmo somministrarle una pillola
of a resilience enhancer
di resilienza prima della partenza.
la minacceranno con una pistola, o peggio,
by looters or worse,
against developing depression or PTSD
la depressione o il DPTS dopo l'accaduto.
from experiencing the stress,
la sua suscettibilità
her susceptibility to depression and PTSD,
la casa, la famiglia
her home, her family or even her life.
del vaccino contro il vaiolo
the smallpox vaccine,
molti altri vaccini.
venisse diffuso su larga scala.
was widely available.
le persone più sensibili,
sensitive and creative and empathetic.
e non dalla biologia.
by constitution and not biology.
sulla depressione.
today about depression.
ha aperto la strada
opened the door
that followed after,
la possibilità di un nuovo campo di studi:
open the possibility of a whole new field:
in quanto società, scegliamo di fare.
choose to do with it.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Rebecca Brachman - Neuroscientist, writer, entrepreneurRebecca Brachman is a pioneer in the field of preventative psychopharmacology, developing drugs to enhance stress resilience and prevent mental illness.
Why you should listen
Current treatments for mood disorders only suppress symptoms without addressing the underlying disease, and there are no known cures. The drugs Rebecca Brachman is developing would be the first to prevent psychiatric disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression.
Brachman completed her PhD at Columbia University, prior to which she was a fellow at the National Institutes of Health, where she discovered that immune cells carry a memory of psychological stress and that white blood cells can act as antidepressants and resilience-enhancers. Brachman's research has been featured in The Atlantic, WIRED and Business Insider, and her work was recently described by Dr. George Slavich on NPR as a "moonshot project that is very much needed in the mental health arena."
In addition to conducting ongoing research at Columbia, Brachman is an NYCEDC Entrepreneurship Lab Fellow and cofounder of Paravax -- a biotech startup developing vaccine-like prophylactic drugs ("paravaccines") -- along with her scientific collaborator, Christine Ann Denny. She is also working on a non-profit venture to repurpose existing generic drugs for use as prophylactics, and previously served as the Interim Program Director for Outreach at the Zuckerman Institute at Columbia University.
Brachman is also a playwright and screenwriter. She holds Bachelor's degrees in both neuroscience and creative wWriting, and she is currently working on a tech-focused writing project with her long-time writing partner, Sean Calder ("Grimm," "Damages," "ER"). She served as the director of NeuWrite, a national network of science-writing groups that fosters ongoing collaboration between scientists, writers and artists, and she has been featured as a storyteller at The Story Collider.
(Photo: Kenneth Willardt)
Rebecca Brachman | Speaker | TED.com