Rebecca Brachman: A new class of drug that could prevent depression and PTSD
רֵבֱּקָה בראצ'מן: סוג חדש של תרופות שיכולות למנוע דכאון ופוסט-טראומה
Rebecca Brachman is a pioneer in the field of preventative psychopharmacology, developing drugs to enhance stress resilience and prevent mental illness. Full bio
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were made from, of all things,
היו עשויות, עד כמה שזה מפתיע,
אחרי מלחמת העולם השניה,
one in five soldiers develop depression,
כי אחד מכל חמישה חיילים מפתח דכאון,
או את שניהם.
that are at high risk for these diseases.
בסיכון גבוה לחלות במחלות אלה.
cancer patients, aid workers, refugees --
חולי סרטן, עובדי סיוע, פליטים --
or major life stress.
או ללחץ משמעותי בחייו.
these disorders are,
כה נפוצות,
if they work at all,
אם הם בכלל עובדים,
discovered the first vaccine --
גילה את תרכיב החיסון הראשון --
a prophylactic for a disease,
אמצעי מניעה של מחלה,
to extend to psychiatric diseases.
לא ניתנת להרחבה גם למחלות פסיכיאטריות.
accidentally discovered
depression and PTSD.
דכאון ופוסט-טראומה.
whether they work in humans.
psychopharmaceuticals
stress resilience,
that you've since recovered from.
שהתאוששתם ממנה מאז.
you missed a flight.
is the active biological process
to bounce back after stress.
לאחר לחץ,
and your immune system fights it off.
שלכם כאשר אתם מקוררים.
enough stressor,
such as depression.
of major depressive disorder
של הפרעת דכאון ראשית
against purely biological stressors,
מפני גורמי לחץ ביולוגיים טהורים,
like bullying and isolation.
כגון בריונות ובידוד חברתי.
of stress hormones.
without a psychological component.
ללא רכיב פסיכולוגי.
of antidepressant treatment beforehand,
שלושה שבועות לפני כן,
enhancer given a week before
הניתנת שבוע קודם לכן
the depressive behavior.
a drug has ever been shown
often lifelong, clinical diseases.
קליניות, הנמשכות לעתים לאורך כל החיים.
of substance abuse, homelessness,
לשימוש בסמים, לנטיה להפוך לחסרי-בית,
is over three trillion dollars per year.
גבוה מ-3 טריליון דולר בכל שנה.
where we know someone is predictively
to extreme stress.
של חשיפה ללחץ קיצוני.
going into an earthquake zone.
שנוסעת לאיזור שהוכה ברעידת אדמה.
of a resilience enhancer
של מגביר עמידות ללחץ
by looters or worse,
מבוזזים חמושים או גרוע מכך,
against developing depression or PTSD
התפתחות של דכאון או פוסט-טראומה
from experiencing the stress,
her susceptibility to depression and PTSD,
את הרגישות שלה לדכאון ופוסט-טראומה,
her home, her family or even her life.
ביתה, משפחתה ואפילו חייה.
the smallpox vaccine,
חיסון האבעבועות השחורות,
was widely available.
sensitive and creative and empathetic.
ליותר רגישים, יצירתיים ואמפתיים.
by constitution and not biology.
ולא באופן ביולוגי.
today about depression.
opened the door
that followed after,
open the possibility of a whole new field:
פותחים שדה אפשרויות שלם וחדש:
choose to do with it.
החברה האנושית, לעשות איתה.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Rebecca Brachman - Neuroscientist, writer, entrepreneurRebecca Brachman is a pioneer in the field of preventative psychopharmacology, developing drugs to enhance stress resilience and prevent mental illness.
Why you should listen
Current treatments for mood disorders only suppress symptoms without addressing the underlying disease, and there are no known cures. The drugs Rebecca Brachman is developing would be the first to prevent psychiatric disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression.
Brachman completed her PhD at Columbia University, prior to which she was a fellow at the National Institutes of Health, where she discovered that immune cells carry a memory of psychological stress and that white blood cells can act as antidepressants and resilience-enhancers. Brachman's research has been featured in The Atlantic, WIRED and Business Insider, and her work was recently described by Dr. George Slavich on NPR as a "moonshot project that is very much needed in the mental health arena."
In addition to conducting ongoing research at Columbia, Brachman is an NYCEDC Entrepreneurship Lab Fellow and cofounder of Paravax -- a biotech startup developing vaccine-like prophylactic drugs ("paravaccines") -- along with her scientific collaborator, Christine Ann Denny. She is also working on a non-profit venture to repurpose existing generic drugs for use as prophylactics, and previously served as the Interim Program Director for Outreach at the Zuckerman Institute at Columbia University.
Brachman is also a playwright and screenwriter. She holds Bachelor's degrees in both neuroscience and creative wWriting, and she is currently working on a tech-focused writing project with her long-time writing partner, Sean Calder ("Grimm," "Damages," "ER"). She served as the director of NeuWrite, a national network of science-writing groups that fosters ongoing collaboration between scientists, writers and artists, and she has been featured as a storyteller at The Story Collider.
(Photo: Kenneth Willardt)
Rebecca Brachman | Speaker | TED.com