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Kandice Sumner: How America's public schools keep kids in poverty
Kandice Summer: Cómo a escola pública americana mantén aos nenos na pobreza.
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Por que unha boa educación debería ser exclusiva para os nenos ricos? Nas escolas de barrios con poucos recursos o largo de EE.UU., e en especial nas comunidades de cor, existe unha falta de materiais que nas escolas con maiores ingresos son considerados como o máis básico. Entre eles atopamos instrumentos musicais, libros novos, comidas saudables e mesmo campos de fútbol; todos eles teñen unha importante repercusión no desenvolvemento do potencial dos alumnos. Kandice Summer observa esta disparidade na súa aula de Boston todos os días. Nesta inspiradora charla, pídenos que afrontemos os feitos, e que os cambiemos.
Kandice Sumner - Educator
Kandice Sumner thinks we've been looking at the "achievement gap" in education all wrong. Full bio
Kandice Sumner thinks we've been looking at the "achievement gap" in education all wrong. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
I want to talk to you about my kids.
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Quero falarvos dos meus nenos.
00:15
Now, I know everyone thinks
that their kid is the most fantastic,
that their kid is the most fantastic,
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Agora, xa sei que todo o mundo
pensa que o seu neno é o mellor,
pensa que o seu neno é o mellor,
e máis guapo que xamais existiu.
00:20
the most beautiful kid that ever lived.
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Pero os meus sono de verdade.
00:23
But mine really are.
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(Risas)
00:24
(Laughter)
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00:25
I have 696 kids,
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Teño 696 nenos
e son os máis intelixentes,
inventivos, innovadores...
inventivos, innovadores...
00:28
and they are the most intelligent,
inventive, innovative,
inventive, innovative,
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os nenos máis brillantes e poderosos
que xamais coñecerás.
que xamais coñecerás.
00:32
brilliant and powerful kids
that you'll ever meet.
that you'll ever meet.
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Cada un dos estudantes aos que tiven
o honor de ensinar é o meu neno.
o honor de ensinar é o meu neno.
00:37
Any student I've had the honor of teaching
in my classroom is my kid.
in my classroom is my kid.
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Porén, dado que os seus
"verdadeiros" pais non son ricos
"verdadeiros" pais non son ricos
00:42
However, because their "real"
parents aren't rich
parents aren't rich
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e, tendo en conta que,
como a maioría son de cor,
como a maioría son de cor,
00:46
and, I argue, because they
are mostly of color,
are mostly of color,
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rara vez serán quen de verse en sí mesmos
00:49
they will seldom get to see in themselves
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00:51
the awesomeness that I see in them.
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a xenialidad que eu vexo neles.
00:54
Because what I see in them is myself --
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Porque eu véxome reflectida neles
00:57
or what would have been myself.
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ou no que eu podería ter sido.
01:01
I am the daughter of two hardworking,
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Son filla de dous pais traballadores,
01:04
college-educated, African-American parents
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ambos con carreiras universitarias,
afroamericanos,
afroamericanos,
que elixiron carreiras como
funcionarios públicos:
funcionarios públicos:
01:06
who chose careers as public servants:
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meu pai, ministro;
miña nai, profesora.
miña nai, profesora.
01:09
my father, a minister;
my mother, an educator.
my mother, an educator.
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A riqueza non era unha prioridade
na nosa casa.
na nosa casa.
01:13
Wealth was never the primary
ambition in our house.
ambition in our house.
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01:16
Because of this lack of wealth,
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Debido a esta inexistente riqueza,
viviamos nun barrio
onde a riqueza non existía,
onde a riqueza non existía,
01:18
we lived in a neighborhood
that lacked wealth,
that lacked wealth,
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e consecuentemente, nun sistema educativo
que carecía da mesma.
que carecía da mesma.
01:20
and henceforth a school system
that lacked wealth.
that lacked wealth.
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Non obstante, e afortunadamente, tocounos
a lotería a nivel educativo
a lotería a nivel educativo
01:24
Luckily, however, we struck
the educational jackpot
the educational jackpot
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nun programa voluntario de eliminación
da segregación racial
da segregación racial
01:28
in a voluntary desegregation program
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01:30
that buses inner-city kids --
black and brown --
black and brown --
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que leva en bus a nenos procedentes
de barrios pobres, nenos de cor,
de barrios pobres, nenos de cor,
ás escolas preto das cidades,
ricas e brancas.
ricas e brancas.
01:33
out to suburban schools -- rich and white.
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01:37
At five years old, I had to take
an hour-long bus ride
an hour-long bus ride
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Cando tiña cinco años, tiven que facer
unha viaxe dunha hora en autobús
unha viaxe dunha hora en autobús
ata un lugar afastado
01:41
to a faraway place
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para conseguir unha mellor educación.
01:43
to get a better education.
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01:45
At five years old, I thought
everyone had a life just like mine.
everyone had a life just like mine.
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Con cinco anos, pensaba que todo o mundo
tiña unha vida coma a miña.
tiña unha vida coma a miña.
01:50
I thought everyone went to school
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Pensaba que todo o mundo ía á escola
e que eramos os únicos que empregaban
as ceras marróns
as ceras marróns
01:52
and were the only ones
using the brown crayons
using the brown crayons
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01:55
to color in their family portraits,
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para colorear os retratos que
facíamos das nosas familias,
facíamos das nosas familias,
01:56
while everyone else was using
the peach-colored ones.
the peach-colored ones.
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mentres que os demais empregaban
as cores carne.
as cores carne.
02:00
At five years old, I thought
everyone was just like me.
everyone was just like me.
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Con cinco anos, pensaba que
todo o mundo era coma min.
todo o mundo era coma min.
Mais cando medrei, comecei a percibir
cousas como:
cousas como:
02:04
But as I got older, I started
noticing things, like:
noticing things, like:
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02:08
How come my neighborhood friend
don't have to wake up
don't have to wake up
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Como é que que o meu amigo do barrio
non ten que se erguer ás cinco da mañá
non ten que se erguer ás cinco da mañá
02:11
at five o'clock in the morning,
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e ir á escola que está
a unha hora de camiño?
a unha hora de camiño?
02:13
and go to a school that's an hour away?
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02:16
How come I'm learning to play the violin
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Como pode ser que eu aprenda
a tocar o violín
a tocar o violín
mentres os meus amigos nin
sequera teñen clase de música?
sequera teñen clase de música?
02:18
while my neighborhood friends
don't even have a music class?
don't even have a music class?
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Por que os meus amigos estaban
aprendendo e lendo materia
aprendendo e lendo materia
02:23
Why were my neighborhood friends
learning and reading material
learning and reading material
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que eu xa dera dous ou tres anos antes?
02:26
that I had done two to three years prior?
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02:29
See, as I got older,
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Como ven, a medida que medraba,
02:32
I started to have
this unlawful feeling in my belly,
this unlawful feeling in my belly,
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comecei a ter esta sensación
contradictoria no ventre
contradictoria no ventre
como se estivese facendo
algo que non debera;
algo que non debera;
02:36
like I was doing something
that I wasn't supposed to be doing;
that I wasn't supposed to be doing;
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collendo algo que non era meu;
02:40
taking something that wasn't mine;
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02:43
receiving a gift,
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recibindo un agasallo,
02:45
but with someone else's name on it.
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mais co nome doutra persoa escrito nel.
02:47
All these amazing things
that I was being exposed to
that I was being exposed to
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Todas aquelas cousas marabillosas
que estaba descubrindo e experimentando...
que estaba descubrindo e experimentando...
02:51
and experiencing,
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sentía coma se realmente non debera telas.
02:53
I felt I wasn't really supposed to have.
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Como se non debese ter unha biblioteca,
instalacións deportivas ben equipadas
instalacións deportivas ben equipadas
02:57
I wasn't supposed to have a library,
fully equipped athletic facilities,
fully equipped athletic facilities,
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ou patios seguros nos que xogar
03:01
or safe fields to play in.
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03:04
I wasn't supposed to have
theatre departments
theatre departments
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Como se non debese ter
departamentos de teatro
departamentos de teatro
03:06
with seasonal plays and concerts --
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con concertos e obras cada temporada;
artes dixitais, visuais, escénicas...
03:08
digital, visual, performing arts.
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03:11
I wasn't supposed to have
fully resourced biology or chemistry labs,
fully resourced biology or chemistry labs,
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Como se non debese ter laboratorios
de bioloxía ou química ben equipados,
de bioloxía ou química ben equipados,
autobuses escolares
que me levasen ata a porta,
que me levasen ata a porta,
03:16
school buses that brought me door-to-door,
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almorzos preparados no momento
03:19
freshly prepared school lunches
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ou incluso aire acondicionado.
03:21
or even air conditioning.
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03:24
These are things my kids don't get.
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Esas son cousas que os meus nenos non teñen.
03:26
You see, as I got older,
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Como ven, mentres medraba,
ao tempo que estaba agradecida por esta
marabillosa oportunidade que recibira,
marabillosa oportunidade que recibira,
03:28
while I was grateful
for this amazing opportunity
for this amazing opportunity
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03:31
that I was being given,
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sempre sentía esta intensa punzada:
03:32
there was this ever-present pang of:
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03:36
But what about everyone else?
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Pero, que pasa cos demais?
Hai miles de nenos coma min
que tamén merecen isto.
que tamén merecen isto.
03:39
There are thousands
of other kids just like me,
of other kids just like me,
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03:42
who deserve this, too.
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03:44
Why doesn't everyone get this?
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Por que non todo o mundo o consegue?
03:46
Why is a high-quality education
only exclusive to the rich?
only exclusive to the rich?
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Por que a educación de calidad está
soamente reservada aos ricos?
soamente reservada aos ricos?
03:51
It was like I had some sort
of survivor's remorse.
of survivor's remorse.
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Era como se eu tivese algún tipo
de remorso de supervivencia.
de remorso de supervivencia.
Todos os meus amigos estaban a
experimentar
experimentar
03:55
All of my neighborhood friends
were experiencing
were experiencing
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un desastre educacional
03:57
an educational train wreck
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do que eu me salvara grazas a
unha viaxe en autobús.
unha viaxe en autobús.
03:59
that I was saved from through a bus ride.
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04:04
I was like an educational Moses screaming,
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Eu era coma un Moisés educativo berrando:
"Deixade ir aos meus
a unha escola de calidade!"
a unha escola de calidade!"
04:06
"Let my people go ...
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04:08
to high-quality schools!"
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(Risas)
04:10
(Laughter)
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Vin de primeira man como a outra metade
era tratada e educada.
era tratada e educada.
04:11
I'd seen firsthand how the other half
was being treated and educated.
was being treated and educated.
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Vin a terra prometida da educación
04:16
I'd seen the educational promised land,
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e non teño forma algunha de xustificar a
disparidade.
disparidade.
04:19
and I could not for the life of me
justify the disparity.
justify the disparity.
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Agora ensino no mesmo sistema educativo
do que me quería refuxiar.
do que me quería refuxiar.
04:25
I now teach in the very same school system
from which I sought refuge.
from which I sought refuge.
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04:30
I know firsthand the tools
that were given to me as a student,
that were given to me as a student,
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Sei de primeira man as ferramentas
que me deran como estudante,
que me deran como estudante,
e agora, como profesora, non teño
acceso a esas mesmas ferramentas
acceso a esas mesmas ferramentas
04:35
and now as a teacher, I don't have
access to those same tools
access to those same tools
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para darllas aos meus alumnos.
04:39
to give my students.
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Foron incontables as noites nas que
chorei de frustración,
chorei de frustración,
04:41
There have been countless nights
when I've cried in frustration,
when I've cried in frustration,
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indignación
04:46
anger
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e tristeza,
04:47
and sorrow,
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porque non podo ensinar aos meus nenos
do mesmo xeito no que eu fun educada
do mesmo xeito no que eu fun educada
04:48
because I can't teach my kids
the way that I was taught,
the way that I was taught,
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04:52
because I don't have access
to the same resources or tools
to the same resources or tools
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porque non teño acceso aos mesmos
recursos ou ferramentas
recursos ou ferramentas
que foron empregados para ensinarme.
04:56
that were used to teach me.
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Os meus nenos merecen algo moito mellor.
04:59
My kids deserve so much better.
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05:02
We sit and we keep banging
our heads again this term:
our heads again this term:
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Sentámonos e seguimos golpeándonos
as cabezas contra o termo:
as cabezas contra o termo:
"Brecha educacional, brecha educacional!"
05:05
"Achievement gap, achievement gap!"
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05:08
Is it really that hard to understand
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É tan difícil de entender
porque estes nenos se desenvolven ben e
estes outros non?
estes outros non?
05:11
why these kids perform well
and these kids don't?
and these kids don't?
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05:14
I mean, really.
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Quero decir, en serio.
05:16
I think we've got it all wrong.
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Creo que nos equivocamos en todo.
05:18
I think we,
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Creo que nós,
como Gloria Ladson-Billings di,
05:20
as Gloria Ladson-Billings says,
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debemos darlle a volta ao noso paradigma e
idioma e chamalo polo seu nome.
idioma e chamalo polo seu nome.
05:22
should flip our paradigm and our language
and call it was it really is.
and call it was it really is.
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05:27
It's not an achievement gap;
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Non é unha brecha educacional
05:29
it's an education debt,
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É unha débeda educacional,
por todos os recursos escolares pasados
nos que nunca se investiu
nos que nunca se investiu
05:32
for all of the foregone schooling
resources that were never invested
resources that were never invested
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para educación dos nenos de cor
ao longo do tempo.
ao longo do tempo.
05:37
in the education of the black
and brown child over time.
and brown child over time.
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05:42
A little-known secret in American history
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Un segredo pouco coñecido
da historia americana
da historia americana
é que a única institución americana creada
especificamente para a xente de cor
especificamente para a xente de cor
05:45
is that the only American institution
created specifically for people of color
created specifically for people of color
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é a trata de escravos
05:51
is the American slave trade --
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Algúns debatirían sobre
o sistema penitenciario
o sistema penitenciario
05:53
and some would argue the prison system,
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05:55
but that's another topic
for another TED Talk.
for another TED Talk.
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pero iso sería tema para
outra charla TED.
outra charla TED.
(Risas)
05:58
(Laughter)
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05:59
The public school system of this country
was built, bought and paid for
was built, bought and paid for
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O sistema de escola pública deste país foi
construído, mercado e pagado
construído, mercado e pagado
empregando o comercio xerado na trata e
labor de esctravos.
labor de esctravos.
06:03
using commerce generated
from the slave trade and slave labor.
from the slave trade and slave labor.
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06:08
While African-Americans were enslaved
and prohibited from schooling,
and prohibited from schooling,
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Mentres os afroamericanos eran
escravizados e se lles prohibía estudar,
escravizados e se lles prohibía estudar,
a súa labor construía a mesma institución
da que foron excluídos.
da que foron excluídos.
06:12
their labor established
the very institution
the very institution
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06:15
from which they were excluded.
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06:18
Ever since then, every court case,
educational policy, reform,
educational policy, reform,
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Desde entón, cada caso xudicial,
cada política educativa, cada reforma,
cada política educativa, cada reforma,
foi un intento de modernizar o deseño,
06:23
has been an attempt
to retrofit the design,
to retrofit the design,
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mais ca de deterse e admitir:
06:26
rather than just stopping
and acknowledging:
and acknowledging:
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fixémolo todo mal dende o principio.
06:29
we've had it all wrong from the beginning.
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06:33
An oversimplification
of American educational history.
of American educational history.
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Unha simplificación excesiva da historia
da educación americana.
da educación americana.
Ben, teñan paciencia comigo.
06:37
All right, just bear with me.
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06:39
Blacks were kept out -- you know,
the whole slavery thing.
the whole slavery thing.
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Os negros foron afastados, xa sabedes
todo o tema da escravitude
todo o tema da escravitude
Grazas á axuda de humanitarios brancos,
06:43
With the help
of philanthropic white people,
of philanthropic white people,
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construíron as súas propias escolas.
06:45
they built their own schools.
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Separatista pero igualitario estaba BEN.
06:46
Separate but equal was OK.
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06:49
But while we all know
things were indeed separate,
things were indeed separate,
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Pero aínda que saibamos de certo
que existía esta separación,
que existía esta separación,
de ningún xeito era igualitaria.
06:52
they were in no ways equal.
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Segundo o caso Brown contra
o Consello de Educación de Topeka,
o Consello de Educación de Topeka,
06:54
Enter Brown v. the Board of Education
of Topeka, Kansas in 1954;
of Topeka, Kansas in 1954;
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Kansas, 1954
06:59
legal separation of the races
is now illegal.
is now illegal.
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a separación de razas
é agora ilegal.
é agora ilegal.
07:03
But very few people pay attention
to all of the court cases since then,
to all of the court cases since then,
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Pero moi poucas persoas prestaron atención
a todos os casos xudiciais desde entón,
a todos os casos xudiciais desde entón,
que arruinaron a educación
prometida para cada neno
prometida para cada neno
07:10
that have undone the educational
promised land for every child
promised land for every child
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que pretendía Brown contra o Consello.
07:15
that Brown v. Board intended.
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07:18
Some argue that today our schools
are now more segregated
are now more segregated
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Algúns argumentan que hoxe
as nosas escolas están máis segregadas
as nosas escolas están máis segregadas
do que estaban antes de que
se intentasen cambiar nun primeiro momento
se intentasen cambiar nun primeiro momento
07:22
than they ever were before we tried
to desegregate them in the first place.
to desegregate them in the first place.
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Ensinar aos meus nenos sobre
desegregación, os nove de Little Rock,
desegregación, os nove de Little Rock,
07:27
Teaching my kids about desegregation,
the Little Rock Nine,
the Little Rock Nine,
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o movemento polos dereitos civís
07:31
the Civil Rights Movement,
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é un momento moi incómodo da miña clase
07:32
is a real awkward moment in my classroom,
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cando teño que escoitar
a voz dun neno preguntando,
a voz dun neno preguntando,
07:36
when I have to hear
the voice of a child ask,
the voice of a child ask,
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07:39
"If schools were desegregated in 1954,
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"Se as escolas foron desegregadas en 1954,
por que non hai nenos brancos aquí?"
07:43
how come there are no white kids here?"
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(Risas)
07:45
(Laughter)
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07:47
These kids aren't dumb.
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Estes nenos non son tontos.
Saben perfectamente o que
está pasando
está pasando
07:49
They know exactly what's happening,
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e o que non
07:51
and what's not.
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07:53
They know that when it comes to schooling,
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Saben que cando se trata da educación,
07:56
black lives don't matter
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as vidas da xente negra non importan
nin nunca o fixeron.
07:59
and they never have.
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08:02
For years, I tried desperately
to cultivate in my kids a love of reading.
to cultivate in my kids a love of reading.
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Durante anos, tratei desesperadamente de
cultivar nos meus nenos
cultivar nos meus nenos
o amor pola lectura
08:09
I'd amassed a modest classroom library
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Acumulara unha modesta biblioteca de clase
con libros que conseguira de
tendas de segunda man, de trasteiros...
tendas de segunda man, de trasteiros...
08:12
of books I'd accumulated
from secondhand shops,
from secondhand shops,
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08:15
thrift stores, attics -- you know.
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Mais cando decía
aquelas terribles palabras:
aquelas terribles palabras:
08:18
But whenever I said those dreadful words,
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"Colle un libro e le"
08:20
"Take out a book and read,"
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Pensariades que acabara de
declarar a guerra.
declarar a guerra.
08:22
you'd think I'd just declared war.
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Era unha tortura.
08:25
It was torture.
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08:27
One day,
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Un día,
despois de que escoitara sobre
unha páxina web chamada
unha páxina web chamada
08:29
after I'd heard about this website
called DonorsChoose,
called DonorsChoose,
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DonorsChoose, onde profesores
fan listas de material
fan listas de material
08:32
where classroom teachers create wish lists
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08:34
of items they need for their classroom
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que precisan para as súas clases
e doantes anónimos llos facilitaban,
e doantes anónimos llos facilitaban,
08:36
and anonymous donors fulfill them,
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2527
decidín aventurarme e facer
tamén unha lista
tamén unha lista
08:39
I figured I'd go out on a limb
and just make a wish list
and just make a wish list
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da biblioteca soñada dun adolescente.
08:43
of the teenager's dream library.
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Máis de 200 libros novos foron enviados á
miña clase un por un.
miña clase un por un.
08:47
Over 200 brand-new books
were sent to my room piece by piece.
were sent to my room piece by piece.
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08:52
Every day there were new deliveries
and my kids would exclaim with glee,
and my kids would exclaim with glee,
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Cada día había novas entregas e os meus
alumnos exclamaban con xúbilo,
alumnos exclamaban con xúbilo,
"Semella Nadal!"
08:57
"This feels like Christmas!"
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(Risas)
08:59
(Laughter)
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Despois decían,
09:00
Then they'd say,
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"Señorita Summer, de onde veñen
estes libros?"
estes libros?"
09:01
"Ms. Sumner, where did
these books come from?"
these books come from?"
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2872
09:04
And then I'd reply,
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Entón eu respondíalles,
"Persoas descoñecidas de todo o país
quixeron que os tiverades."
quixeron que os tiverades."
09:05
"Strangers from all over the country
wanted you to have these."
wanted you to have these."
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09:10
And then they'd say, almost suspiciously,
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Entón eles decían, con sospeita,
09:14
"But they're brand-new."
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"Pero son novos".
(Risas)
09:16
(Laughter)
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Ao que eu respondía:
09:17
To which I'd reply,
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"Merecedes libros novos."
09:18
"You deserve brand-new books."
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09:22
The whole experience hit home
for me when one of my girls,
for me when one of my girls,
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Toda esta experiencia tocoume no máis
fondo cando unha das nenas díxome,
fondo cando unha das nenas díxome,
09:25
as she peeled open a crisp paperback said,
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3070
mentres abría un fráxil libro de bolsillo,
09:29
"Ms. Sumner -- you know,
I figured you bought these books,
I figured you bought these books,
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4378
"Señorita Summer, pensaba que
ti mercaras estes libros,
ti mercaras estes libros,
porque vós os profesores sempre estades
mercándonos cousas
mercándonos cousas
09:33
'cause you teachers
are always buying us stuff.
are always buying us stuff.
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2738
09:37
But to know that a stranger,
someone I don't even know,
someone I don't even know,
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4029
Mais, o feito de saber que un estraño,
que alguén que non coñezo,
que alguén que non coñezo,
09:41
cares this much about me
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1699
preocúpase tanto por min
09:43
is pretty cool."
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1455
é xenial."
09:45
Knowing that strangers
will take care of you
will take care of you
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2625
Saber que descoñecidos coidarán de ti
é un privilexio que os meus nenos
non poden permitirse.
non poden permitirse.
09:48
is a privilege my kids aren't afforded.
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2026
09:52
Ever since the donation,
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1442
Dende a doazón,
09:53
there has been a steady stream of kids
signing out books to take home,
signing out books to take home,
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3858
houbo un fluxo constante de nenos
collendo libros prestados
collendo libros prestados
e logo devolvéndoos exclamando:
09:57
and then returning them
with the exclamation,
with the exclamation,
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2660
"Este libro estivo ben!"
10:00
"This one was good!"
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(Risas)
10:01
(Laughter)
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1048
10:03
Now when I say,
"Take out a book and read,"
"Take out a book and read,"
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2302
Agora, cando digo "Colle un libro e le",
os nenos corren á miña biblioteca.
10:05
kids rush to my library.
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2219
10:08
It wasn't that they didn't want to read,
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596849
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Non era que non quixeran ler,
senón que estarían encantados de facelo,
se tivesen os recursos.
se tivesen os recursos.
10:10
but instead, they'd gladly read
if the resources were there.
if the resources were there.
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4550
Institucionalmente falando,
10:17
Institutionally speaking,
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o noso sistema de escola pública nunca foi
xusto cos nenos de cor.
xusto cos nenos de cor.
10:19
our public school system has never
done right by the black and brown child.
done right by the black and brown child.
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4352
10:24
We keep focusing on the end results
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612068
2548
Seguimos concentrándonos
nos resultados finais
nos resultados finais
ou nos resultados dos exames,
10:26
or test results,
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614640
1365
10:28
and getting frustrated.
200
616029
1846
e frustrándonos.
10:29
We get to a catastrophe and we wonder,
201
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2137
Chegamos a unha catástrofe e
preguntámonos,
preguntámonos,
"Como puido acabar tan mal?
Como chegamos aquí?"
Como chegamos aquí?"
10:32
"How did it get so bad?
How did we get here?"
How did we get here?"
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2837
10:35
Really?
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1155
En serio?
10:37
If you neglect a child long enough,
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2075
Se desatendes a un neno
durante moito tempo
durante moito tempo
10:39
you no longer have
the right to be surprised
the right to be surprised
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3090
deixas de ter o dereito de sorprenderte
cando as cousas non saen ben.
10:42
when things don't turn out well.
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1831
Deixade de sentirvos perplexos
10:45
Stop being perplexed
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1734
ou confusos
10:47
or confused
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1626
ou desconcertados
10:48
or befuddled
209
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1476
10:50
by the achievement gap,
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1926
polas diferenzas de rendemento escolar,
diferenza de ingresos,
10:52
the income gap,
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1223
os índices de encarceramento,
10:53
the incarceration rates,\
212
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1619
ou calquera disparidade económica que sexa
o termo "de moda" do momento.
o termo "de moda" do momento.
10:55
or whatever socioeconomic disparity
is the new "it" term for the moment.
is the new "it" term for the moment.
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5047
11:01
The problems we have as a country
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649248
2442
Os problemas que temos como país
son problemas que creamos como país.
11:03
are the problems we created as a country.
215
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2083
11:06
The quality of your education
is directly proportionate
is directly proportionate
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3538
A calidade da túa educación é
directamente proporcional
directamente proporcional
á posibilidade de acceso á universidade,
11:10
to your access to college,
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1858
11:12
your access to jobs,
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660184
1728
ao acceso a un traballo,
ao acceso ao futuro.
11:13
your access to the future.
219
661936
1708
11:17
Until we live in a world where every kid
can get a high-quality education
can get a high-quality education
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665594
5270
Ata que vivamos nun mundo onde cada neno
poida ter unha educación de calidade
poida ter unha educación de calidade
independentemente de onde resida
11:22
no matter where they live,
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670888
1536
11:24
or the color of their skin,
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672448
1880
ou da cor da súa pel,
hai cousas que podemos facer a
gran escala.
gran escala.
11:26
there are things we can do
on a macro level.
on a macro level.
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674352
4060
11:31
School funding should not
be decided by property taxes
be decided by property taxes
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679389
3564
A financiación de escolas non debería
decidirse en base a impostos sobre
decidirse en base a impostos sobre
a propiedade ou algunha
novedosa ecuación económica
novedosa ecuación económica
11:34
or some funky economic equation
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2231
onde os nenos ricos seguen
beneficiándose das axudas do Estado
beneficiándose das axudas do Estado
11:37
where rich kids continue
to benefit from state aid,
to benefit from state aid,
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685232
3036
mentres que aos pobres se lles
está a quitar continuamente
está a quitar continuamente
11:40
while poor kids are continuously
having food and resources
having food and resources
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4085
comida e recursos.
11:44
taken from their mouths.
228
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1593
11:46
Governors, senators, mayors,
city council members --
city council members --
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694750
3761
Gobernadores, senadores, alcaldes,
membros do concello,
membros do concello,
se vamos chamar á educacion pública
educación pública,
educación pública,
11:50
if we're going to call
public education public education,
public education public education,
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2864
entón debería ser precisamente iso.
11:53
then it should be just that.
231
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1583
11:55
Otherwise, we should
call it what it really is:
call it what it really is:
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2983
Senón, deberiamos chamalo polo seu nome:
unha forma de manter a pobreza.
11:58
poverty insurance.
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706562
1565
"Educación pública:
12:01
"Public education:
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709211
1442
mantendo aos nenos pobres
na probreza dende 1954."
na probreza dende 1954."
12:02
keeping poor kids poor since 1954."
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710677
3088
(Risas)
12:05
(Laughter)
236
713789
1452
12:08
If we really, as a country, believe
that education is the "great equalizer,"
that education is the "great equalizer,"
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5098
Se realmente, coma país, cremos que a
educación é a "gran igualadora,"
educación é a "gran igualadora,"
entón debería ser xustamente iso:
imparcial e equitativa.
imparcial e equitativa.
12:13
then it should be just that:
equal and equitable.
equal and equitable.
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3831
12:18
Until then, there's no democracy
in our democratic education.
in our democratic education.
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726158
4343
Ata entón, non haberá democracia na nosa
educación democrática.
educación democrática.
12:23
On a mezzo level:
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1507
Nun nivel intermedio:
12:25
historically speaking, the education
of the black and brown child
of the black and brown child
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3202
historicamente falando,
a educación dos nenos de cor
a educación dos nenos de cor
12:28
has always depended
on the philanthropy of others.
on the philanthropy of others.
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3471
sempre dependeu da caridade doutros.
E, desafortunadamente,
hoxe segue sendo así.
hoxe segue sendo así.
12:32
And unfortunately, today it still does.
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12:35
If your son or daughter or niece
or nephew or neighbor
or nephew or neighbor
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4365
Se o teu fillo, filla,
sobriña, sobriño, ou veciño,
sobriña, sobriño, ou veciño,
ou o pequeno Timmy que vive na mesma rúa
e que vai a unha escola rica,
e que vai a unha escola rica,
12:40
or little Timmy down the street
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748159
1563
12:42
goes to an affluent school,
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2303
12:44
challenge your school committee
to adopt an impoverished school
to adopt an impoverished school
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752580
3174
desafía ao comité escolar para asumir
ao seu cargo unha escola empobrecida
ao seu cargo unha escola empobrecida
ou a unha clase
nesas condicións de pobreza
nesas condicións de pobreza
12:47
or an impoverished classroom.
248
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2039
12:49
Close the divide by engaging
in communication
in communication
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3397
Pecha as divisións dedicándote á
comunicación
comunicación
e ás relacións que si importan.
12:53
and relationships that matter.
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2197
12:56
When resources are shared,
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1954
Cando se comparten os recursos,
non se dividen;
12:58
they're not divided;
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1692
se multiplican.
12:59
they're multiplied.
253
767744
1457
13:01
And on a micro level:
254
769871
1839
E a pequena escala:
se es un ser humano,
13:03
if you're a human being,
255
771734
1820
13:05
donate.
256
773985
1166
doa.
13:07
Time, money, resources, opportunities --
257
775524
4063
Tempo, diñeiro, recursos, oportunidades...
o que sexa que teñas no corazón.
13:11
whatever is in your heart.
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2363
13:14
There are websites like DonorsChoose
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2204
Hai páxinas web coma DonorsChoose
que detectan esta disparidade
13:17
that recognize the disparity
260
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2054
e realmente queren facer algo por
cambiala.
cambiala.
13:19
and actually want
to do something about it.
to do something about it.
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2495
13:23
What is a carpenter with no tools?
262
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2204
Que é un carpinteiro sen ferramentas?
13:26
What is an actress with no stage?
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2322
Que é unha actriz sen escenario?
13:28
What is a scientist with no laboratory?
264
796990
2457
Que é un científico sen laboratorio?
13:31
What is a doctor with no equipment?
265
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2727
Que é un doutor sen equipamento?
13:35
I'll tell you:
266
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1245
Eu dígovolo:
13:36
they're my kids.
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1464
son os meus nenos.
13:39
Shouldn't they be your kids, too?
268
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1816
Non deberían ser os vosos, tamén?
Grazas.
13:41
Thank you.
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(Aplausos)
13:43
(Applause)
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6205
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Kandice Sumner - EducatorKandice Sumner thinks we've been looking at the "achievement gap" in education all wrong.
Why you should listen
Kandice A. Sumner, M.Ed. teaches humanities (a combination of history and English) for the Boston Public Schools and is a Doctoral student in Urban Educational Policy. Sumner created and facilitates a professional development curriculum entitled R.A.C.E. (race, achievement, culture and equity) to engage professionals of all ages on how to conduct courageous critical conversations concerning race for the betterment of today’s youth. As the subject of the documentary film Far From Home, Kandice speaks publicly and consults with organizations on facilitating difficult conversations about race and education.
Born and raised in urban Boston, Kandice graduated from a suburban school system through a voluntary desegregation program (METCO). She then matriculated Spelman College (a historically Black liberal arts college) and graduated Phi Beta Kappa. From being one of a few Blacks in her school to learning at a historically Black college to teaching in the underserved and predominately Black and Latino neighborhoods of Boston, Sumner has spent a lifetime traversing the lines of race, class and gender.
Kandice Sumner | Speaker | TED.com