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Jamie Bartlett: How the mysterious dark net is going mainstream
Jamie Bartlett: Hvordan det mystiske mørke net bliver mainstream
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Der findes et parallelt internet du måske ikke har opdaget endnu. Det tilgås via en speciel browser, og er hjem for et stort antal sider der kører på frihjul med alt fra anonym aktivisme til illegale aktiviteter. Jamie Bartlett rapporterer fra det mørke net.
Jamie Bartlett - Social media analyst
In his book "The Dark Net," Jamie Bartlett investigates Internet subcultures, both legal and illegal. Full bio
In his book "The Dark Net," Jamie Bartlett investigates Internet subcultures, both legal and illegal. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
If you want to buy high-quality,
low-price cocaine,
low-price cocaine,
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Vil du købe kokain af høj kvalitet,
00:18
there really is only one place to go,
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er der egentligt kun et sted at gå hen,
00:21
and that is the dark net
anonymous markets.
anonymous markets.
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og det er de anonyme markeder
på det mørke net.
på det mørke net.
00:25
Now, you can't get to these sites
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Du kan ikke tilgå disse hjemmesider
00:27
with a normal browser --
Chrome or Firefox --
Chrome or Firefox --
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med en normal browser --
Chrome eller FireFox --
Chrome eller FireFox --
00:31
because they're on this
hidden part of the Internet,
hidden part of the Internet,
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fordi de befinder sig på
en skjult del af nettet,
en skjult del af nettet,
00:34
known as Tor hidden services,
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også kaldet for anonyme Tor-netværk,
00:37
where URLs are a string of meaningless
numbers and letters that end in .onion,
numbers and letters that end in .onion,
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med underlige adresser af tal og
bogstaver med endelsen .onion,
bogstaver med endelsen .onion,
00:41
and which you access
with a special browser
with a special browser
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og som man får adgang til
med en speciel browser,
med en speciel browser,
00:44
called the Tor browser.
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der hedder Tor-browseren.
00:46
Now, the Tor browser was originally
a U.S. Naval intelligence project.
a U.S. Naval intelligence project.
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Tor-browseren var oprindeligt et projekt
fra U.S. Navals efterretningstjeneste.
fra U.S. Navals efterretningstjeneste.
00:51
It then became open source,
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Den blev så frigivet
00:53
and it allows anybody to browse the net
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og nu kan enhver besøge dette netværk
00:55
without giving away their location.
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uden at afsløre deres placering.
00:58
And it does this
by encrypting your IP address
by encrypting your IP address
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Den fungerer ved,
at kryptere din IP-adresse
at kryptere din IP-adresse
01:02
and then routing it via several
other computers around the world
other computers around the world
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og sende det igennem flere andre
computere over hele verden,
computere over hele verden,
01:06
that use the same software.
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der bruger den samme software.
01:09
You can use it on the normal Internet,
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Du kan bruge den på det
almindelige internet,
almindelige internet,
01:11
but it's also your key to the dark net.
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men den er også din adgang
til det mørke net.
til det mørke net.
01:16
And because of this fiendishly
clever encryption system,
clever encryption system,
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Og som resultat af det
smarte krypteringssystem,
smarte krypteringssystem,
01:19
the 20 or 30 -- we don't know exactly --
thousand sites that operate there
thousand sites that operate there
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kan de 20 eller 30 -- det vides ikke helt --
tusinde hjemmesider, som eksisterer der
tusinde hjemmesider, som eksisterer der
01:24
are incredibly difficult to shut down.
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være ekstremt svære at lukke ned.
01:28
It is a censorship-free world
visited by anonymous users.
visited by anonymous users.
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Det er en censurfri verden besøgt
af anonyme brugere.
af anonyme brugere.
01:35
Little wonder, then,
that it's a natural place to go
that it's a natural place to go
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Intet under, at de der har
noget at skjule finder det naturligt
noget at skjule finder det naturligt
01:39
for anybody with something to hide,
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at færdes der,
01:41
and that something, of course,
need not be illegal.
need not be illegal.
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og det behøver ikke være for at
begå ulovligheder.
begå ulovligheder.
01:46
On the dark net, you will find
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På det mørke net, finder du
01:48
whistle-blower sites, The New Yorker.
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whistleblower-sider, The New Yorker.
01:51
You will find political activism blogs.
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Du finder blogs af politiske aktivister
01:53
You will find libraries of pirated books.
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Du finder biblioteker med pirat-bøger.
01:56
But you'll also find the drugs markets,
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Men du finder også narkotika,
02:00
illegal pornography,
commercial hacking services,
commercial hacking services,
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illegal pornografi,
kommercielle hacking services,
kommercielle hacking services,
02:04
and much more besides.
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blandt meget andet.
02:06
Now, the dark net is one of the most
interesting, exciting places
interesting, exciting places
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Det mørke net er et af de mest
interessante og spændende steder
interessante og spændende steder
02:12
anywhere on the net.
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overhovedet på nettet.
02:13
And the reason is, because
although innovation, of course,
although innovation, of course,
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Grunden til dette er naturligvis
at selvom innovation
at selvom innovation
02:17
takes place in big businesses,
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sker i store virksomheder,
02:19
takes place in world-class universities,
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og på verdens bedste universiteter,
02:22
it also takes place in the fringes,
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sker det også i periferien,
02:24
because those on the fringes --
the pariahs, the outcasts --
the pariahs, the outcasts --
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for dem ude i grænselandet --
pariaerne, de udstødte --
pariaerne, de udstødte --
02:29
they're often the most creative,
because they have to be.
because they have to be.
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er ofte de mest kreative,
fordi det er en nødvendighed.
fordi det er en nødvendighed.
02:33
In this part of the Internet,
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På denne del af internettet
02:36
you will not find a single lolcat,
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finder du ingen sjove katte,
02:38
a single pop-up advert anywhere.
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eller nogen popup-reklamer.
02:41
And that's one of the reasons why I think
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Jeg tror det er en af årsagerne til,
at mange af jer
at mange af jer
02:43
many of you here will be
on the dark net fairly soon.
on the dark net fairly soon.
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meget snart, vil benytte
det mørke net
det mørke net
02:47
(Laughter)
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(Latter)
02:50
Not that I'm suggesting
anyone in this audience would use it
anyone in this audience would use it
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Jeg påstår ikke, at nogen her
blandt publikum vil bruge det til
blandt publikum vil bruge det til
02:53
to go and procure high-quality narcotics.
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at skaffe narkotika af høj kvalitet.
02:56
But let's say for a moment that you were.
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Men lad os bare antage,
at I ville.
at I ville.
02:58
(Laughter)
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(Latter)
03:00
Bear with me.
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Bær over med mig.
03:02
The first thing you will notice
on signing up to one of these sites
on signing up to one of these sites
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Det første I vil bemærke ved,
at registere jer på en af disse sider
at registere jer på en af disse sider
03:07
is how familiar it looks.
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er hvor velkendt det ser ud.
03:10
Every single product --
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Alle produkter --
03:13
thousands of products --
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tusinder af produkter --
03:15
has a glossy, high-res image,
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har store flotte billeder,
03:19
a detailed product description, a price.
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detaljeret produktbeskrivelse, en pris.
03:22
There's a "Proceed to checkout" icon.
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Der er et "Gå til kassen" ikon.
03:25
There is even, most beautifully of all,
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Der er endda - og det er ret fantastisk
03:28
a "Report this item" button.
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- en "Anmeld denne vare" knap
03:30
(Laughter)
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(Latter)
03:33
Incredible.
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Utroligt.
03:35
You browse through the site,
you make your choice,
you make your choice,
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Du kigger rundt på siden,
vælger hvad du har lyst til,
vælger hvad du har lyst til,
03:37
you pay with the crypto-currency bitcoin,
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og betaler med valutaen bitcoin,
03:40
you enter an address --
preferably not your home address --
preferably not your home address --
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du giver en adresse --
helst ikke din egen hjemmeadresse --
helst ikke din egen hjemmeadresse --
03:43
and you wait for your product
to arrive in the post,
to arrive in the post,
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og så venter du på at pakken
ankommer med posten,
ankommer med posten,
03:45
which it nearly always does.
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hvad den næsten altid gør.
03:49
And the reason it does
is not because of the clever encryption.
is not because of the clever encryption.
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Og grunden til dette skyldes ikke
den smarte kryptering.
den smarte kryptering.
03:53
That's important.
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Det er vigtigt.
03:54
Something far simpler than that.
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Det er noget meget mere simpelt.
03:58
It's the user reviews.
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Det er brugeranmeldelserne.
03:59
(Laughter)
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(Latter)
04:01
You see, every single vendor
on these sites
on these sites
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Ser du, alle sælgere
på disse sider
på disse sider
04:05
uses a pseudonym, naturally enough,
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bruger naturligt nok et pseudonym,
04:07
but they keep the same pseudonym
to build up a reputation.
to build up a reputation.
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men de bruger altid det samme pseudonym
til at opbygge et godt ry.
til at opbygge et godt ry.
04:11
And because it's easy for the buyer
to change allegiance whenever they want,
to change allegiance whenever they want,
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Og fordi det er nemt for brugeren,
at flytte sin loyalitet, når de har lyst,
at flytte sin loyalitet, når de har lyst,
04:16
the only way of trusting a vendor
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så er den eneste måde
man kan stole på en sælger,
man kan stole på en sælger,
04:21
is if they have a good history
of positive feedback
of positive feedback
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hvis de har en god historik
af positiv tilbagemeldning
af positiv tilbagemeldning
04:24
from other users of the site.
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fra andre bruger af hjemmesiden.
04:27
And this introduction
of competition and choice
of competition and choice
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Og denne konkurrence og frie valg
04:31
does exactly what
the economists would predict.
the economists would predict.
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gør nøjagtig hvad økonomer forudsiger.
04:37
Prices tend to go down,
product quality tends to go up,
product quality tends to go up,
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Priserne går ned, og kvaliteten går op,
04:42
and the vendors are attentive,
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og sælgerne er opmærksomme,
04:44
they're polite, they're consumer-centric,
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de er høflige og kundevenlige,
04:46
offering you all manner
of special deals, one-offs,
of special deals, one-offs,
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og laver alle typer tilbud, udsalg,
04:51
buy-one-get-one-frees, free delivery,
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gratis fragt,
04:54
to keep you happy.
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for at gøre kunderne glade.
04:56
I spoke to Drugsheaven.
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Jeg talte med Drugsheaven.
04:59
Drugsheaven was offering
excellent and consistent marijuana
excellent and consistent marijuana
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Drugsheaven tilbød fremragende
marijuana af stabil kvalitet
marijuana af stabil kvalitet
05:05
at a reasonable price.
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til en fornuftig pris.
05:08
He had a very generous refund policy,
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Han havde endda
en meget generøs refunderings politik,
en meget generøs refunderings politik,
05:11
detailed T's and C's,
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detaljerede vilkår og betingelser,
05:13
and good shipping times.
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og hurtig levering.
05:15
"Dear Drugsheaven," I wrote,
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"Kære Drugsheaven", skrev jeg,
05:17
via the internal emailing system
that's also encrypted, of course.
that's also encrypted, of course.
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via det interne mailsystem, der naturligvis
også er krypteret.
også er krypteret.
05:22
"I'm new here. Do you mind
if I buy just one gram of marijuana?"
if I buy just one gram of marijuana?"
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"Jeg er ny her. Har du noget imod,
at jeg kun køber 1 gram marijuana?"
at jeg kun køber 1 gram marijuana?"
05:27
A couple of hours later, I get a reply.
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Et par timer senere kom der svar.
05:29
They always reply.
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De svarer altid.
05:31
"Hi there, thanks for your email.
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"Hej, tak for din mail.
05:34
Starting small is a wise thing to do.
I would, too, if I were you."
I would, too, if I were you."
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Det er fornuftigt, at starte i det små.
Det ville jeg også gøre i dit sted."
Det ville jeg også gøre i dit sted."
05:39
(Laughter)
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(Latter)
05:41
"So no problem if you'd like to start
with just one gram.
with just one gram.
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"Det er intet problem, hvis du køber
et enkelt gram.
et enkelt gram.
05:44
I do hope we can do business together.
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Jeg håber, at vi kan lave en handel.
05:46
Best wishes, Drugsheaven."
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De bedste hilsner, Drugsheaven."
05:48
(Laughter)
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(Latter)
05:50
I don't know why he had a posh
English accent, but I assume he did.
English accent, but I assume he did.
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Jeg antager, at han havde en
snobbet engelsk accent.
snobbet engelsk accent.
05:56
Now, this kind
of consumer-centric attitude
of consumer-centric attitude
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Denne kundevenlighed
06:00
is the reason why, when I reviewed
120,000 pieces of feedback
120,000 pieces of feedback
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er årsagen til, at jeg ved gennemgang af
120.000 tilbagemeldinger,
120.000 tilbagemeldinger,
06:06
that had been left on one of these sites
over a three-month period,
over a three-month period,
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der var blevet givet på en af disse
hjemmesider igennem en 3-måneders periode,
hjemmesider igennem en 3-måneders periode,
06:10
95 percent of them were five out of five.
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var 95 procent af dem
blevet givet fem ud af fem.
blevet givet fem ud af fem.
06:14
The customer, you see, is king.
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Kunden har altid ret.
06:17
But what does that mean?
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Men hvad betyder dette?
06:19
Well, on the one hand,
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På den ene side,
06:20
that means there are more drugs,
more available, more easily,
more available, more easily,
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er der mere lettilgængelig narkotika
06:25
to more people.
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til flere mennesker.
06:26
And by my reckoning,
that is not a good thing.
that is not a good thing.
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Det synes jeg ikke nødvendigvis
er en god ting.
er en god ting.
06:30
But, on the other hand,
if you are going to take drugs,
if you are going to take drugs,
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Men hvis du på den anden side
absolut vil købe narkotika,
absolut vil købe narkotika,
06:34
you have a reasonably good way
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har du en forholdsvis god mulighed
06:37
of guaranteeing a certain level
of purity and quality,
of purity and quality,
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der garanterer et vist niveau af
renhed og kvalitet,
renhed og kvalitet,
06:42
which is incredibly important
if you're taking drugs.
if you're taking drugs.
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hvilket er utroligt vigtigt
hvis du bruger narkotika.
hvis du bruger narkotika.
06:45
And you can do so
from the comfort of your own home,
from the comfort of your own home,
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Du kan gøre det hjemmefra
06:48
without the risks associated
with buying on the streets.
with buying on the streets.
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uden den risiko, der er forbundet med
at købe på gaden.
at købe på gaden.
06:53
Now, as I said,
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Men som jeg sagde,
06:55
you've got to be creative and innovative
to survive in this marketplace.
to survive in this marketplace.
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man skal være kreativ og opfindsom
for at overleve på dette marked.
for at overleve på dette marked.
07:00
And the 20 or so sites
that are currently in operation --
that are currently in operation --
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De omkring 20 hjemmesider der er
aktive i øjeblikket --
aktive i øjeblikket --
07:03
by the way, they don't always work,
they're not always perfect;
they're not always perfect;
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og forresten, de fungerer ikke
altid perfekt;
altid perfekt;
07:07
the site that I showed you
was shut down 18 months ago,
was shut down 18 months ago,
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Hjemmesiden jeg viste jer
blev lukket for 1½ år siden,
blev lukket for 1½ år siden,
07:09
but not before it had turned
over a billion dollars' worth of trade.
over a billion dollars' worth of trade.
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men ikke før omsætningen på det tidspunkt
var på over en milliard dollars.
var på over en milliard dollars.
07:17
But these markets,
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Men fordi disse markeder
07:18
because of the difficult conditions
in which they are operating,
in which they are operating,
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opererer under svære omstændigheder,
07:21
the inhospitable conditions,
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ugæstfri omstændigheder,
07:23
are always innovating, always
thinking of ways of getting smarter,
thinking of ways of getting smarter,
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er de altid opfindsomme og
udtænker smartere metoder,
udtænker smartere metoder,
07:26
more decentralized, harder to censor,
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mere decentraliserede og
sværere at censurere,
sværere at censurere,
07:28
and more customer-friendly.
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og mere kundevenlige.
07:32
Let's take the payment system.
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Lad os se på betalingssystemet.
07:34
You don't pay with your credit card,
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Du betaler ikke med dit kreditkort,
07:36
of course -- that would lead
directly back to you.
directly back to you.
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da det naturligvis, ville lede direkte
tilbage til dig.
tilbage til dig.
07:38
So you use the crypto-currency bitcoin,
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Så du bruger valutaen bitcoin,
07:40
which is easily exchanged
for real-world currencies
for real-world currencies
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som er nem at omsætte
til rigtige penge
til rigtige penge
07:45
and gives quite a high degree
of anonymity to its users.
of anonymity to its users.
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og giver en høj grad af
anonymitet til brugerne.
anonymitet til brugerne.
07:49
But at the beginning of these sites,
people noticed a flaw.
people noticed a flaw.
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Men i starten,
stødte man på en fejl.
stødte man på en fejl.
07:52
Some of the unscrupulous dealers
were running away with peoples' bitcoin
were running away with peoples' bitcoin
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Nogle skuppelløse sælgere
stak af med folks bitcoins,
stak af med folks bitcoins,
07:56
before they'd mailed the drugs out.
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inden de sendte varen.
07:59
The community came up with a solution,
called multi-signature escrow payments.
called multi-signature escrow payments.
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Fællesskabet kom frem til en løsning
kaldet multi-signatur spærret betalinger.
kaldet multi-signatur spærret betalinger.
08:07
So on purchasing my item,
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Så når jeg køber en vare,
08:10
I would send my bitcoin
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sender jeg min bitcoin
08:13
to a neutral, secure third digital wallet.
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til en neutral, sikker digital pengepung.
08:18
The vendor, who would see
that I'd sent it,
that I'd sent it,
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Sælgeren kan se
jeg har sendt pengene,
jeg har sendt pengene,
08:21
would be confident that they
could then send the product to me,
could then send the product to me,
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og kan trygt sende
varen til mig.
varen til mig.
08:24
and then when I received it,
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Når jeg så modtager
forsendelsen
forsendelsen
08:25
at least two of the three people
engaged in the transaction --
engaged in the transaction --
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vil mindst to af de tre
der er involveret i transaktionen --
der er involveret i transaktionen --
08:28
vendor, buyer, site administrator --
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sælger, køber og administrator --
08:31
would have to sign the transaction off
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underskrive den
08:33
with a unique digital signature,
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med en unik digital signatur,
08:35
and then the money would be transferred.
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og pengene bliver overført.
08:38
Brilliant!
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Strålende!
08:39
Elegant.
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Elegant.
08:40
It works.
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Det virker.
08:42
But then they realized there was
a problem with bitcoin,
a problem with bitcoin,
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Men så fik man øje på et problem
med bitcoin,
med bitcoin,
08:45
because every bitcoin transaction
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fordi enhver transaktion
08:47
is actually recorded publicly
in a public ledger.
in a public ledger.
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registreres offentligt.
08:49
So if you're clever, you can try
and work out who's behind them.
and work out who's behind them.
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Så hvis du er lidt snild, kan du
udlede hvem der står bag.
udlede hvem der står bag.
08:53
So they came up with a tumbling service.
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Derfor fandt man på at blande dem.
08:56
Hundreds of people send
their bitcoin into one address,
their bitcoin into one address,
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Hundreder sender deres
bitcoin til én adresse,
bitcoin til én adresse,
08:59
they're tumbled and jumbled up,
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her blandes de godt og grundigt,
09:01
and then the right amount
is sent on to the right recipients,
is sent on to the right recipients,
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og derefter sendes de korrekte beløb,
til de rigtige modtagere,
til de rigtige modtagere,
09:05
but they're different bitcoins:
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men det er forskellige bitcoins:
09:07
micro-laundering systems.
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mikro-hvidvaskning.
09:09
(Laughter)
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(Latter)
09:10
It's incredible.
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Det er utroligt.
09:11
Interested in what drugs are trending
right now on the dark net markets?
right now on the dark net markets?
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Interesseret i hvilke narkotika,
der er oppe i tiden på de mørke markeder?
der er oppe i tiden på de mørke markeder?
09:17
Check Grams, the search engine.
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Se på Grams-søgemaskinen.
09:19
You can even buy some advertising space.
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Du kan endda købe reklameplads.
09:21
(Laughter)
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(Latter)
09:23
Are you an ethical consumer worried
about what the drugs industry is doing?
about what the drugs industry is doing?
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Er du en etisk forbruger,
der bekymrer sig om narkotikaindustrien?
der bekymrer sig om narkotikaindustrien?
09:29
Yeah.
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Ja.
09:30
One vendor will offer you
fair trade organic cocaine.
fair trade organic cocaine.
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Der er en sælger, der tilbyder
fairtrade økologisk kokain.
fairtrade økologisk kokain.
09:34
(Laughter)
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(Latter)
09:35
That's not being sourced
from Colombian druglords,
from Colombian druglords,
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Det kommer ikke fra
columbianske narkokarteller,
columbianske narkokarteller,
09:38
but Guatemalan farmers.
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men fra bønder i Guatemala.
09:39
They even promised to reinvest
20 percent of any profits
20 percent of any profits
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De forpligter sig endda til at reinvestere
20 procent af overskuddet
20 procent af overskuddet
09:43
into local education programs.
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i lokale uddannelsesprojekter.
09:45
(Laughter)
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(Latter)
09:46
There's even a mystery shopper.
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1979
De har endda
markedsundersøgelser.
markedsundersøgelser.
09:48
Now, whatever you think
about the morality of these sites --
about the morality of these sites --
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Uanset din mening om moralen
af disse hjemmesider --
af disse hjemmesider --
09:52
and I submit that it's not
actually an easy question --
actually an easy question --
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og jeg erkender,
at dette ikke er et nemt spørgsmål --
at dette ikke er et nemt spørgsmål --
09:55
the creation of functioning,
competitive, anonymous markets,
competitive, anonymous markets,
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skabelsen af fungerende og konkurrerende
anonyme markeder,
anonyme markeder,
10:01
where nobody knows who anybody else is,
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hvor ingen ved hvem de andre er,
10:03
constantly at risk of being shut down
by the authorities,
by the authorities,
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konstant i risiko for at blive lukket ned
af myndighederne,
af myndighederne,
10:06
is a staggering achievement,
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2534
er en svimlende præstation,
10:09
a phenomenal achievement.
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2038
en fænomenal præstation.
10:12
And it's that kind of innovation
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Det er den type innovation,
10:16
that's why those on the fringes
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der betyder at dem
der befinder sig på grænsen
der befinder sig på grænsen
10:18
are often the harbingers
of what is to come.
of what is to come.
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ofte giver os et hint om
hvad vi kan forvente.
hvad vi kan forvente.
10:22
It's easy to forget
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Man kan let glemme
10:24
that because of its short life,
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at internettet i sin korte levetid,
10:26
the Internet has actually
changed many times
changed many times
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har ændret sig mange gange
10:30
over the last 30 years or so.
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i løbet af de sidste 30 år.
10:31
It started in the '70s
as a military project,
as a military project,
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Det startede i 70'erne
som et militært projekt,
som et militært projekt,
10:34
morphed in the 1980s
to an academic network,
to an academic network,
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og udviklede sig til
et akademisk netværk,
et akademisk netværk,
10:38
co-opted by commercial
companies in the '90s,
companies in the '90s,
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2462
og herefter blandet med
virksomheder i 90'erne.
virksomheder i 90'erne.
10:41
and then invaded by all of us
via social media in the noughties,
via social media in the noughties,
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3455
Derefter blev internet invaderet af os alle
via sociale medier i 00'erne,
via sociale medier i 00'erne,
10:44
but I think it's going to change again.
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632764
1929
men jeg tror,
at det vil ændre sig igen.
at det vil ændre sig igen.
10:47
And I think things
like the dark net markets --
like the dark net markets --
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Og jeg tror,
at ting som det mørke nets markeder --
at ting som det mørke nets markeder --
10:49
creative, secure, difficult to censor --
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3976
kreative, sikre og svære at censurere --
10:53
I think that's the future.
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1602
Jeg tror,
at det er fremtiden.
at det er fremtiden.
10:56
And the reason it's the future
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Og grunden til at det er fremtiden
10:58
is because we're all worried
about our privacy.
about our privacy.
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er fordi at vi alle bekymrer os
om vores privatliv.
om vores privatliv.
11:01
Surveys consistently show
concerns about privacy.
concerns about privacy.
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649273
3225
Målinger underbygger konsevent
bekymringer omkring privatlivet.
bekymringer omkring privatlivet.
11:04
The more time we spend online,
the more we worry about them,
the more we worry about them,
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652522
3959
Jo mere tid vi bruger online,
des mere betænkelige er vi,
des mere betænkelige er vi,
11:08
and those surveys show
our worries are growing.
our worries are growing.
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2270
og undersøgelser viser, at det stiger.
11:10
We're worried about
what happens to our data.
what happens to our data.
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2116
Vi frygter hvad der sker
med vores data.
med vores data.
11:12
We're worried about
who might be watching us.
who might be watching us.
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Hvem der kigger
os over skulderen.
os over skulderen.
11:15
Since the revelations from Edward Snowden,
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2568
Siden afsløringerne fra Edward Snowden,
11:17
there's been a huge increase
in the number of people
in the number of people
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2446
har antallet er mennesker stiget,
11:20
using various privacy-enhancing tools.
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668134
3092
som bruger værktøjer til beskyttelse
af privatlivet.
af privatlivet.
11:23
There are now between two
and three million daily users
and three million daily users
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3237
Der er nu mellem to og tre
millioner daglige brugere
millioner daglige brugere
11:26
of the Tor browser,
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674511
1275
af Tor-browseren.
11:27
the majority of which use
is perfectly legitimate,
is perfectly legitimate,
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5167
De fleste af disse benytter den
til helt legitime formål,
til helt legitime formål,
11:33
sometimes even mundane.
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681001
1759
nogle gange helt banale.
11:35
And there are hundreds of activists
around the world
around the world
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3151
Og der er hundredevis af aktivister
over hele verden,
over hele verden,
11:38
working on techniques and tools
to keep you private online --
to keep you private online --
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5266
som arbejder på teknikker og værktøjer
for at beskytter dit privatliv online --
for at beskytter dit privatliv online --
11:45
default encrypted messaging services.
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2481
krypteret kommunikation.
11:47
Ethereum, which is a project
which tries to link up
which tries to link up
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4023
Ethereum, som er et projekt
der forsøger, at forbinde
der forsøger, at forbinde
11:51
the connected but unused hard drives
of millions of computers around the world,
of millions of computers around the world,
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699663
5078
de ubrugte drev på millioner
af computere verden over,
af computere verden over,
11:56
to create a sort of distributed Internet
that no one really controls.
that no one really controls.
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704765
3871
til at oprette et distribueret internet
som ingen kan kontrollere.
som ingen kan kontrollere.
12:00
Now, we've had distributed
computing before, of course.
computing before, of course.
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2893
Vi har naturligvis tidligere haft
distribuerede computere.
distribuerede computere.
12:03
We use it for everything from Skype
to the search for extraterrestrial life.
to the search for extraterrestrial life.
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4198
Vi bruger det til alt lige fra Skype
til søgning efter liv i rummet.
til søgning efter liv i rummet.
12:07
But you add distributed computing
and powerful encryption --
and powerful encryption --
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4489
Men kombinerer du distribuering
og kryptering --
og kryptering --
12:12
that's very, very hard
to censor and control.
to censor and control.
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720312
3887
så er det meget meget svært at
censurere og kontrollere.
censurere og kontrollere.
12:16
Another called MaidSafe
works on similar principles.
works on similar principles.
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2813
Et andet projekt der hedder MaidSafe
fungerer efter lignende principper.
fungerer efter lignende principper.
12:19
Another called Twister,
and so on and so on.
and so on and so on.
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Endnu et hedder Twister, osv. osv.
12:23
And here's the thing --
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731396
1990
Sagen er den --
12:25
the more of us join,
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1464
at når flere af os kommer til,
12:26
the more interesting those sites become,
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734898
2451
bliver disse hjemmesider
mere interessante,
mere interessante,
12:29
and then the more of us join, and so on.
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2488
og så kommer endnu flere til, osv.
12:32
And I think that's what's going to happen.
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2025
Det er hvad jeg tror vil ske.
12:34
In fact, it's already happening.
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2148
Faktisk sker det allerede.
12:36
The dark net is no longer
a den for dealers
a den for dealers
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744489
3876
Det mørke net er ikke længere
en rede for narkohandlere
en rede for narkohandlere
12:40
and a hideout for whistle-blowers.
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2567
og et skjulested for whisteblowere.
12:42
It's already going mainstream.
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1687
Det er ved at blive mainstream.
12:45
Just recently, the musician Aphex Twin
released his album as a dark net site.
released his album as a dark net site.
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6574
Musikeren Aphex Twin, frigav fornylig
sit album som hjemmeside på det mørke net.
sit album som hjemmeside på det mørke net.
12:52
Facebook has started a dark net site.
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Facebook har også en side derinde.
12:56
A group of London architects
have opened a dark net site
have opened a dark net site
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3633
En gruppe arkitekter i Londen
har åbnet en side på det mørke net
har åbnet en side på det mørke net
12:59
for people worried
about regeneration projects.
about regeneration projects.
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2845
for mennesker der er betænkelige
ved byudviklingsprojekter
ved byudviklingsprojekter
13:02
Yes, the dark net is going mainstream,
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770799
2573
Ja, det mørke net bliver mainstream,
13:05
and I predict that fairly soon,
every social media company,
every social media company,
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3617
og jeg forudsiger at enhver på markedet
for sociale medier,
for sociale medier,
13:09
every major news outlet,
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1435
enhver nyhedsside,
13:10
and therefore most of you
in this audience,
in this audience,
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3084
og derfor også de fleste af jer
blandt publikum,
blandt publikum,
13:13
will be using the dark net, too.
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2356
også vil bruge det mørke net.
13:16
So the Internet is about to get
more interesting,
more interesting,
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3029
Internettet bliver snart
mere interessant,
mere interessant,
13:19
more exciting, more innovative,
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787995
2780
mere spændende, mere innovativt,
13:22
more terrible,
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1725
mere skrækkeligt,
13:24
more destructive.
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1354
mere destruktivt.
13:27
That's good news
if you care about liberty.
if you care about liberty.
255
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2273
Det er gode nyheder,
13:29
It's good news if you care about freedom.
256
797437
1970
hvis du holder af frihed.
13:31
It's good news if you care
about democracy.
about democracy.
257
799431
2119
Det er gode nyheder,
hvis du holder af demokrati.
hvis du holder af demokrati.
13:33
It's also good news
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801574
1378
Det er også gode nyheder,
13:34
if you want to browse
for illegal pornography
for illegal pornography
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2446
hvis du er til illegal pornografi
13:37
and if you want to buy and sell drugs
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2329
og hvis du vil handle med narkotika
13:39
with impunity.
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1293
straffefrit.
13:41
Neither entirely dark, nor entirely light.
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3899
Ikke kun mørkt, men heller ikke kun lyst.
13:45
It's not one side or the other
that's going to win out, but both.
that's going to win out, but both.
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3677
Det er ikke enten eller, men begge dele.
13:50
Thank you very much, indeed.
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Rigtig mange tak.
13:52
(Applause)
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(Bifald)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Jamie Bartlett - Social media analystIn his book "The Dark Net," Jamie Bartlett investigates Internet subcultures, both legal and illegal.
Why you should listen
As the director of the Centre for the Analysis of Social Media at Demos, a leading UK think tank, Jamie Bartlett is currently involved in projects on crypto-currencies, surveillance and counter-surveillance methods and ISIS’s use of social media for propaganda and recruitment. He is a vocal columnist and commentator and the author of The Dark Net, a book on legal and illegal internet subcultures. Previously, he conducted field research in Pakistan and Bangladesh.
Jamie Bartlett | Speaker | TED.com