TEDxSMU
Jessica Shortall: The US needs paid family leave -- for the sake of its future
Jessica Shortall: Sådan svigter USA nybagte forældre - og deres spædbørn
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Vi har brug for kvinder på arbejdsmarkedet, og vi har brug for at de får børn. Så hvorfor er USA et af de eneste lande i verden, der ikke tilbyder nybagte mødre i job, betalt barsel? I dette foredrag kritiserer Jessica Shortall skarpt og empatisk realiteten for arbejdende mødre i USA, en realitet som er både skjult og horribel: Millioner af kvinder tvinges hvert år tilbage i job få uger efter fødslen.
Pointen er: Det er tid til at anerkende de økonomiske, fysiske og psykiske omkostninger ved den aktuelle tilgang til nybagte mødre på arbejdsmarkedet og deres spædbørn, og sikringen af den økonomiske fremtid ved at tilbyde betalt barsel til alle forældre i job.
Jessica Shortall - Strategy consultant, social entrepreneur and author
Jessica Shortall is a working mom of two and author of Work. Pump. Repeat: The New Mom's Survival Guide to Breastfeeding and Going Back to Work. Full bio
Jessica Shortall is a working mom of two and author of Work. Pump. Repeat: The New Mom's Survival Guide to Breastfeeding and Going Back to Work. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
Hvordan ser en arbejdende mor ud?
00:12
What does a working mother look like?
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00:15
If you ask the Internet,
this is what you'll be told.
this is what you'll be told.
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Hvis du spørger Internettet,
får du dette svar.
får du dette svar.
00:18
Never mind that this is
what you'll actually produce
what you'll actually produce
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Men det her bliver resultatet
00:22
if you attempt to work at a computer
with a baby on your lap.
with a baby on your lap.
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hvis du forsøger at arbejde
med et barn på skødet
med et barn på skødet
00:25
(Laughter)
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(Latter)
00:27
But no, this isn't a working mother.
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Men nej, dette er en arbejdende mor.
00:30
You'll notice a theme in these photos.
We'll look at a lot of them.
We'll look at a lot of them.
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Bemærk det gennemgående træk
på disse fotos.
på disse fotos.
00:33
That theme is amazing natural lighting,
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Belysningen er forbløffende naturlig,
00:36
which, as we all know,
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og som vi alle ved,
00:39
is the hallmark
of every American workplace.
of every American workplace.
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er en prioritet på alle
amerikanske arbejdspladser.
amerikanske arbejdspladser.
00:43
There are thousands of images like these.
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Der er tusinder af billeder som disse.
00:46
Just put the term "working mother"
into any Google image search engine,
into any Google image search engine,
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Bare skriv "working mother"
i en billedsøgning på Google,
i en billedsøgning på Google,
00:50
stock photo site.
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En salgsside med fotos.
00:51
They're all over the Internet,
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De er overalt på Internettet,
00:53
they're topping
blog posts and news pieces,
blog posts and news pieces,
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De findes øverst på blog-indlæg
og nyhedsartikler,
og nyhedsartikler,
00:55
and I've become kind of obsessed with them
and the lie that they tell us
and the lie that they tell us
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og jeg blev en smule besat af dem
og den løgn de fortæller os
og den løgn de fortæller os
00:59
and the comfort that they give us,
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og den forsikring de giver os om,
01:01
that when it comes
to new working motherhood in America,
to new working motherhood in America,
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at når det gælder arbejdende
mødre i Amerika,
mødre i Amerika,
01:05
everything's fine.
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er alt godt.
01:07
But it's not fine.
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Men det er ikke godt.
01:08
As a country, we are sending
millions of women back to work
millions of women back to work
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Her i landet, sendes hvert år
millioner af kvinder på arbejde
millioner af kvinder på arbejde
01:12
every year, incredibly
and kind of horrifically soon
and kind of horrifically soon
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forfærdelig tidligt,
01:16
after they give birth.
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efter de har født.
01:17
That's a moral problem
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Det er et moralsk problem
01:19
but today I'm also going to tell you
why it's an economic problem.
why it's an economic problem.
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men idag vil jeg også fortælle jer,
hvorfor det er et økonomisk problem.
hvorfor det er et økonomisk problem.
01:23
I got so annoyed and obsessed
with the unreality of these images,
with the unreality of these images,
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Jeg blev så irriteret og besat
af det uvirkelige signal billederne sender
af det uvirkelige signal billederne sender
01:27
which look nothing like my life,
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hvilket overhovedet ikke minder om mit liv
01:29
that I recently decided to shoot and star
in a parody series of stock photos
in a parody series of stock photos
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at jeg fornyligt besluttede at
medvirke i en parodi
medvirke i en parodi
01:34
that I hoped the world would start to use
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som jeg håbede verden ville benytte
01:36
just showing the really awkward reality
of going back to work
of going back to work
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ved at udstille den akavede realitet
det er at vende tilbage til jobbet
det er at vende tilbage til jobbet
01:40
when your baby's food source
is attached to your body.
is attached to your body.
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når din babys fødekilde
sidder på din krop.
sidder på din krop.
01:45
I'm just going to show you two of them.
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Jeg vil lige vise Jer to af dem.
01:47
(Laughter)
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(Latter)
01:49
Nothing says "Give that girl a promotion"
like leaking breast milk
like leaking breast milk
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Intet siger "Giv den kvinde en
forfremmelse" som lækkende mælk
forfremmelse" som lækkende mælk
01:52
through your dress during a presentation.
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gennem din kjole,
under en præsentation.
under en præsentation.
01:55
You'll notice that there's
no baby in this photo,
no baby in this photo,
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Du vil opdage at der ingen
baby er på dette billede
baby er på dette billede
01:57
because that's not how this works,
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for sådan fungerer det ikke,
02:00
not for most working mothers.
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ikke for de fleste arbejdende mødre.
02:02
Did you know, and this will ruin your day,
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Vidste du - og det vil ødelægge din dag -
02:04
that every time a toilet is flushed,
its contents are aerosolized
its contents are aerosolized
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at når et toilet skyller,
er indholdet aerosoliseret
er indholdet aerosoliseret
02:07
and they'll stay airborne for hours?
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og det forbliver luftbårent i timevis?
02:10
And yet, for many new working mothers,
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Alligevel gælder det for
mange mødre i job,
mange mødre i job,
02:13
this is the only place during the day
that they can find to make food
that they can find to make food
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at toilettet er det eneste sted,
de i løbet af dagen, kan give
de i løbet af dagen, kan give
02:16
for their newborn babies.
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mælk til deres nyfødte.
02:18
I put these things,
a whole dozen of them, into the world.
a whole dozen of them, into the world.
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Jeg bragte et helt dusin
af dem ud til verden.
af dem ud til verden.
02:22
I wanted to make a point.
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Jeg ville bevise en pointe.
02:24
I didn't know what I was also doing
was opening a door,
was opening a door,
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Hvad jeg ikke vidste var,
at jeg samtidig åbnede en dør,
at jeg samtidig åbnede en dør,
02:27
because now, total strangers
from all walks of life
from all walks of life
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for totalt fremmede fra
alle samfundslag
alle samfundslag
02:31
write to me all the time
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skriver hele tiden til mig
02:32
just to tell me what it's like
for them to go back to work
for them to go back to work
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for at fortælle, hvordan det er
at komme tilbage på job
at komme tilbage på job
02:36
within days or weeks of having a baby.
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få dage eller uger efter at de har født.
02:39
I'm going to share
10 of their stories with you today.
10 of their stories with you today.
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Jeg vil dele 10 af deres
historier med jer idag.
historier med jer idag.
02:42
They are totally real,
some of them are very raw,
some of them are very raw,
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De er hudløs ærlige,
nogle er meget rå
nogle er meget rå
02:45
and not one of them
looks anything like this.
looks anything like this.
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og ikke en eneste af dem ser
noget nær ud som dette.
noget nær ud som dette.
02:50
Here's the first.
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Her er den første.
02:52
"I was an active duty
service member at a federal prison.
service member at a federal prison.
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"Jeg var tjenestemand i et
føderalt fængsel.
føderalt fængsel.
02:55
I returned to work after the maximum
allowed eight weeks for my C-section.
allowed eight weeks for my C-section.
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Jeg vendte tilbage til arbejde efter de
maksimale tilladte 8 uger ved kejsersnit.
maksimale tilladte 8 uger ved kejsersnit.
03:00
A male coworker was annoyed
that I had been out on 'vacation,'
that I had been out on 'vacation,'
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En mandlig kollega var irriteret over,
at jeg havde været væk på "ferie",
at jeg havde været væk på "ferie",
03:04
so he intentionally opened the door on me
while I was pumping breast milk
while I was pumping breast milk
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og han åbner døren ind til mig,
mens jeg pumper brystmælk ud
mens jeg pumper brystmælk ud
03:07
and stood in the doorway
with inmates in the hallway."
with inmates in the hallway."
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og står der med nogle indsatte
i gangen bag sig."
i gangen bag sig."
03:11
Most of the stories that these women,
total strangers, send to me now,
total strangers, send to me now,
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De fleste historier, som totalt
fremmede kvinder, nu sender mig
fremmede kvinder, nu sender mig
03:15
are not actually even about breastfeeding.
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handler egentlig ikke om amning.
03:17
A woman wrote to me to say,
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En kvinde skrev dette til mig.
03:19
"I gave birth to twins and went back
to work after seven unpaid weeks.
to work after seven unpaid weeks.
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"Jeg fødte tvillinger og vendte tilbage
til jobbet efter 7 syv uger uden løn.
til jobbet efter 7 syv uger uden løn.
03:24
Emotionally, I was a wreck.
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Følelsesmæssigt, var jeg et vrag.
03:25
Physically, I had a severe hemorrhage
during labor, and major tearing,
during labor, and major tearing,
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Jeg blødte meget under fødslen
og sprækkede slemt,
og sprækkede slemt,
03:30
so I could barely get up, sit or walk.
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og kunne knap rejse mig, sidde eller gå.
03:33
My employer told me I wasn't allowed
to use my available vacation days
to use my available vacation days
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Min arbejdsgiver sagde at jeg ikke
måtte bruge min ferie
måtte bruge min ferie
03:36
because it was budget season."
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fordi det var budget-sæson."
03:39
I've come to believe that we can't look
situations like these in the eye
situations like these in the eye
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Vi vil ikke konfronteres med
disse situationer
disse situationer
03:44
because then we'd be horrified,
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for de fylder os med afsky,
03:46
and if we get horrified
then we have to do something about it.
then we have to do something about it.
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og så er vi nød til at
gøre noget ved det.
gøre noget ved det.
03:49
So we choose to look at,
and believe, this image.
and believe, this image.
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Vi vælger derfor a tro
dette billede.
dette billede.
03:53
I don't really know
what's going on in this picture,
what's going on in this picture,
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Egentlig ved jeg ikke hvad
der foregår på billedet,
der foregår på billedet,
03:55
because I find it weird
and slightly creepy.
and slightly creepy.
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for jeg synes det er mærkeligt
og en smule uhyggeligt.
og en smule uhyggeligt.
03:58
(Laughter)
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(Latter)
03:59
Like, what is she doing?
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Hvad laver hun monstro?
04:01
But I know what it tells us.
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Men jeg ved hvad det fortæller os.
04:05
It tells us that everything's fine.
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Det siger at alt er i orden.
04:07
This working mother, all working mothers
and all of their babies, are fine.
and all of their babies, are fine.
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Denne mor i job, alle mødre i job
og deres børn, har det helt fint.
og deres børn, har det helt fint.
04:11
There's nothing to see here.
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Der er intet at bemærke her.
04:13
And anyway, women have made a choice,
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Under alle omstændigheder, så
har kvinderne taget et valg
har kvinderne taget et valg
04:16
so none of it's even our problem.
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så intet af det her er egentlig vores
problem.
problem.
04:19
I want to break this choice thing
down into two parts.
down into two parts.
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Jeg bryder dette valg-argument
op i to dele.
op i to dele.
04:22
The first choice says
that women have chosen to work.
that women have chosen to work.
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Den første del siger,
at kvinder har valgt at arbejde.
at kvinder har valgt at arbejde.
04:25
So, that's not true.
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Se, det er ikke sandt.
04:28
Today in America, women make up
47 percent of the workforce,
47 percent of the workforce,
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I dagens USA, udgør kvinder
47% af arbejdsstyrken,
47% af arbejdsstyrken,
04:33
and in 40 percent of American households
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og i 40% af USAs
husholdninger
husholdninger
04:35
a woman is the sole
or primary breadwinner.
or primary breadwinner.
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er en kvinde den eneste
eller primære forsørger.
eller primære forsørger.
04:38
Our paid work is a part, a huge part,
of the engine of this economy,
of the engine of this economy,
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Vores lønnede arbejde er en del - en stor
del - af økonomiens motor,
del - af økonomiens motor,
04:43
and it is essential
for the engines of our families.
for the engines of our families.
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og det er en nødvendighed
for motoren i familien.
for motoren i familien.
04:46
On a national level,
our paid work is not optional.
our paid work is not optional.
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På et nationalt plan,
er kvinders job ikke valgfri.
er kvinders job ikke valgfri.
04:50
Choice number two says that women
are choosing to have babies,
are choosing to have babies,
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Anden del af argumentet siger, at
kvinder vælger at få børn,
kvinder vælger at få børn,
04:53
so women alone should bear
the consequences of those choices.
the consequences of those choices.
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så kvinderne alene skal bære
konsekvenserne for disse valg.
konsekvenserne for disse valg.
04:58
You know, that's one of those things
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Hør, det er en af de ting
05:00
that when you hear it in passing,
can sound correct.
can sound correct.
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som man i forbifarten
synes lyder rigtigt.
synes lyder rigtigt.
05:02
I didn't make you have a baby.
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Jeg tvang dig ikke til det.
05:03
I certainly wasn't there
when that happened.
when that happened.
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Jeg var der heller ikke
da det skete.
da det skete.
05:06
But that stance
ignores a fundamental truth,
ignores a fundamental truth,
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Men den holdning overser
en fundamental sandhed,
en fundamental sandhed,
05:12
which is that our procreation
on a national scale is not optional.
on a national scale is not optional.
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som er, at vores forplantning på
nationalt plan ikke er valgfri.
nationalt plan ikke er valgfri.
05:17
The babies that women, many of them
working women, are having today,
working women, are having today,
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De børn som mange arbejdende
kvinder, får idag,
kvinder, får idag,
05:21
will one day fill our workforce,
protect our shores,
protect our shores,
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vil en dag være vores arbejdsstyrke,
beskytte vores kyster,
beskytte vores kyster,
05:24
make up our tax base.
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stå for vores skattegrundlag.
05:26
Our procreation
on a national scale is not optional.
on a national scale is not optional.
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Vores forplantning på nationalt plan,
er ikke valgfri.
er ikke valgfri.
05:30
These aren't choices.
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Disse er ikke valg.
05:32
We need women to work.
We need working women to have babies.
We need working women to have babies.
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Vi har behov for kvinder i job,
og børn fra disse kvinder.
og børn fra disse kvinder.
05:36
So we should make
doing those things at the same time
doing those things at the same time
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Så vi bør gøre det muligt,
både at arbejde og få børn
både at arbejde og få børn
05:38
at least palatable, right?
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på en ordenlig måde, ikke sandt?
05:40
OK, this is pop quiz time:
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Okay, nu er det tid til quiz:
05:43
what percentage of working
women in America do you think
women in America do you think
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Hvor stor en procent af de
amerikanske kvinder i job, tror du
amerikanske kvinder i job, tror du
05:46
have no access to paid maternity leave?
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står uden betalt barsel?
05:51
88 percent.
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88%
05:53
88 percent of working mothers
will not get one minute of paid leave
will not get one minute of paid leave
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88% af alle mødre i job
får ikke et eneste minuts betalt barsel
får ikke et eneste minuts betalt barsel
05:57
after they have a baby.
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efter de har født.
05:58
So now you're thinking about unpaid leave.
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Det bringer os til barsel uden løn.
06:02
It exists in America.
It's called FMLA. It does not work.
It's called FMLA. It does not work.
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Det eksisterer i Amerika.
Det kaldes FMLA. Det virker ikke.
Det kaldes FMLA. Det virker ikke.
06:05
Because of the way it's structured,
all kinds of exceptions,
all kinds of exceptions,
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For pga strukturen med
alle mulige undtagelser,
alle mulige undtagelser,
06:08
half of new mothers are ineligible for it.
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er halvdelen af alle nybagte mødre
ikke berettiget til det.
ikke berettiget til det.
06:12
Here's what that looks like.
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Det ser sådan ud.
06:16
"We adopted our son.
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"Vi adopterede vores søn.
06:18
When I got the call, the day he was born,
I had to take off work.
I had to take off work.
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Da de ringede om min søns fødsel,
ville jeg tage fri fra arbejde.
ville jeg tage fri fra arbejde.
06:22
I had not been there long enough
to qualify for FMLA,
to qualify for FMLA,
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Jeg havde ikke været i firmaet
længe nok til at få FMLA,
længe nok til at få FMLA,
06:25
so I wasn't eligible for unpaid leave.
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og var derfor ikke berettiget til
barsel uden løn.
barsel uden løn.
06:28
When I took time off
to meet my newborn son,
to meet my newborn son,
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Så da jeg tog fri for at møde
min nyfødte søn,
min nyfødte søn,
06:30
I lost my job."
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mistede jeg mit job."
06:33
These corporate stock photos
hide another reality, another layer.
hide another reality, another layer.
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Disse professionelle billeder
skjuler en anden virkelighed.
skjuler en anden virkelighed.
06:38
Of those who do have access
to just that unpaid leave,
to just that unpaid leave,
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Ud af dem som har orlov uden
løn tilgængeligt,
løn tilgængeligt,
06:42
most women can't afford
to take much of it at all.
to take much of it at all.
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har de færreste råd til ret lang tid.
06:45
A nurse told me, "I didn't qualify
for short-term disability
for short-term disability
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En sygeplejerske fortalte: "Jeg fik
ikke ret til kortvarig sygemelding
ikke ret til kortvarig sygemelding
06:49
because my pregnancy
was considered a preexisting condition.
was considered a preexisting condition.
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fordi min graviditet var at betragte
som en allerede eksisterende tilstand.
som en allerede eksisterende tilstand.
06:53
We used up all of our tax returns
and half of our savings
and half of our savings
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Vi brugte al overskydende skat
og halvdelen af opsparingen
og halvdelen af opsparingen
06:55
during my six unpaid weeks.
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1845
under mine 6 ulønnede uger.
06:57
We just couldn't manage any longer.
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Vi havde ikke råd til mere.
06:59
Physically it was hard,
but emotionally it was worse.
but emotionally it was worse.
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2536
Det var hårdt fysisk, men
psykisk var det værre.
psykisk var det værre.
07:02
I struggled for months
being away from my son."
being away from my son."
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Jeg kæmpede i måneder
med at være væk fra min søn."
med at være væk fra min søn."
07:05
So this decision
to go back to work so early,
to go back to work so early,
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413080
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Denne beslutning
om at starte i job så tidligt,
om at starte i job så tidligt,
07:08
it's a rational economic decision
driven by family finances,
driven by family finances,
136
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er en rationel beslutning
baseret på familiens økonomi
baseret på familiens økonomi
07:12
but it's often physically horrific
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men det er fysisk horribelt,
07:14
because putting a human
into the world is messy.
into the world is messy.
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3536
for det at sætte et menneske
i verden er rodet.
i verden er rodet.
07:18
A waitress told me,
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1416
En servitrice fortalte mig:
07:19
"With my first baby, I was back
at work five weeks postpartum.
at work five weeks postpartum.
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"Jeg var tilbage på arbejde 5 uger
efter fødslen af mit første barn.
efter fødslen af mit første barn.
07:23
With my second, I had to have
major surgery after giving birth,
major surgery after giving birth,
141
431040
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Med mit andet, skulle jeg gennem
en større operation,
en større operation,
07:26
so I waited until six weeks to go back.
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og var derfor hjemme i 6 uger.
07:29
I had third degree tears."
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2080
Jeg havde en 3. grads bristning"
07:32
23 percent of new
working mothers in America
working mothers in America
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23% af de nybagte mødre
på arbejdsmarkedet i USA
på arbejdsmarkedet i USA
07:35
will be back on the job
within two weeks of giving birth.
within two weeks of giving birth.
145
443960
4600
er tilbage i job
inden to uger efter fødslen.
inden to uger efter fødslen.
07:42
"I worked as a bartender and cook,
average of 75 hours a week while pregnant.
average of 75 hours a week while pregnant.
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"Som bartender og kok arbejdede jeg
i snit 75 timer/ugen under graviditeten
i snit 75 timer/ugen under graviditeten
07:47
I had to return to work
before my baby was a month old,
before my baby was a month old,
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455000
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Jeg måtte tilbage inden mit
barn var en måned gammel,
barn var en måned gammel,
07:49
working 60 hours a week.
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457640
2016
og arbejde 60 timer om ugen.
07:51
One of my coworkers was only able
to afford 10 days off with her baby."
to afford 10 days off with her baby."
149
459680
5056
En af mine kollegaer kunne kun
tage 10 dage fri med sit barn."
tage 10 dage fri med sit barn."
07:56
Of course, this isn't just a scenario
with economic and physical implications.
with economic and physical implications.
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Det handler naturligvis ikke kun om
økonomisk og fysisk kompleksitet.
økonomisk og fysisk kompleksitet.
08:00
Childbirth is, and always will be,
an enormous psychological event.
an enormous psychological event.
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Fødsel er, og vil altid være,
en enorm psykologisk begivenhed.
en enorm psykologisk begivenhed.
08:06
A teacher told me,
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474160
2096
En lærer fortalte mig:
08:08
"I returned to work
eight weeks after my son was born.
eight weeks after my son was born.
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476280
2976
"Jeg vendte tilbage til jobbet
otte uger efter min søn var født
otte uger efter min søn var født
08:11
I already suffer from anxiety,
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479280
1896
Jeg lider i forvejen af angst,
08:13
but the panic attacks I had prior
to returning to work were unbearable."
to returning to work were unbearable."
155
481200
5096
og havde ubærlige anfald af panik
over at skulle tilbage i job."
over at skulle tilbage i job."
08:18
Statistically speaking,
156
486320
2096
Statistisk set,
08:20
the shorter a woman's leave
after having a baby,
after having a baby,
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488440
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jo kortere tid en kvinde har orlov
efter hun har født,
efter hun har født,
08:23
the more likely she will be to suffer
from postpartum mood disorders
from postpartum mood disorders
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491160
3216
des større er chancen for
lidelser
lidelser
08:26
like depression and anxiety,
159
494400
2096
som depression og angst,
08:28
and among many potential
consequences of those disorders,
consequences of those disorders,
160
496520
4016
og blandt mange
konsekvenser heraf
konsekvenser heraf
08:32
suicide is the second
most common cause of death
most common cause of death
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er selvmord den anden mest
almindelige dødsårsag,
almindelige dødsårsag,
08:35
in a woman's first year postpartum.
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1880
i en kvindes første år efter fødsel.
08:39
Heads up that this next story --
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1576
Bemærk den næste historie-
08:40
I've never met this woman,
but I find it hard to get through.
but I find it hard to get through.
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4576
Jeg har aldrig mødt denne kvinde, men
jeg synes det er hårdt at læse.
jeg synes det er hårdt at læse.
08:45
"I feel tremendous grief and rage
that I lost an essential,
that I lost an essential,
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513440
4176
"Jeg føler enorm sorg og raseri
over at jeg har mistet en væsentlig,
over at jeg har mistet en væsentlig,
08:49
irreplaceable and formative
time with my son.
time with my son.
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517640
3856
uerstattelig og formativ
tid med min søn.
tid med min søn.
08:53
Labor and delivery
left me feeling absolutely broken.
left me feeling absolutely broken.
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3416
Veer og fødsel
efterlod mig fuldstændig ødelagt.
efterlod mig fuldstændig ødelagt.
08:56
For months, all I remember
is the screaming: colic, they said.
is the screaming: colic, they said.
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524960
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I måneder var det eneste jeg huskede
skrigene: Kolik, sagde de.
skrigene: Kolik, sagde de.
09:01
On the inside, I was drowning.
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2136
Indeni var jeg ved at drukne.
09:03
Every morning, I asked myself
how much longer I could do it.
how much longer I could do it.
170
531800
3696
Hver morgen spurgte jeg mig selv:
-Hvor længe kan du blive ved?
-Hvor længe kan du blive ved?
09:07
I was allowed to bring my baby to work.
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535520
3176
Jeg fik lov at tage barnet med på job.
09:10
I closed my office door
while I rocked and shushed
while I rocked and shushed
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538720
3136
Jeg lukkede døren ind til mit kontor
mens jeg vuggede og tyssede
mens jeg vuggede og tyssede
09:13
and begged him to stop screaming
so I wouldn't get in trouble.
so I wouldn't get in trouble.
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og bad til, at han skulle stoppe med at
skrige, så jeg ikke fik problemer.
skrige, så jeg ikke fik problemer.
09:17
I hid behind that office door
every damn day
every damn day
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2056
Jeg gemte mig bag den dør hele dagen
09:19
and cried while he screamed.
175
547480
1936
og græd, mens han skreg.
09:21
I cried in the bathroom
while I washed out the pump equipment.
while I washed out the pump equipment.
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3656
Jeg græd på badeværelset
mens jeg vaskede brystpumpen.
mens jeg vaskede brystpumpen.
09:25
Every day, I cried all the way to work
and all the way home again.
and all the way home again.
177
553120
3136
Hver evig eneste dag, græd jeg
på vej til og fra arbejde.
på vej til og fra arbejde.
09:28
I promised my boss that the work
I didn't get done during the day,
I didn't get done during the day,
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556280
3136
Jeg lovede min chef, at det arbejde jeg
ikke nåede i løbet af dagen
ikke nåede i løbet af dagen
09:31
I'd make up at night from home.
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1656
ville jeg lave hjemme om aftenen.
09:33
I thought, there's just something
wrong with me that I can't swing this."
wrong with me that I can't swing this."
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561120
3800
Jeg tænkte, der må være noget galt med mig
siden jeg ikke magter det."
siden jeg ikke magter det."
09:38
So those are the mothers.
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2616
Det er altså mødrene.
09:41
What of the babies?
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Hvad med børnene?
09:42
As a country, do we care
about the millions of babies
about the millions of babies
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2496
Som land, tager vi os af
de millioner af børn
de millioner af børn
09:45
born every year to working mothers?
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573480
1856
der hver år fødes af mødre i job?
09:47
I say we don't,
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1336
Det mener jeg ikke vi gør,
09:48
not until they're of working
and tax-paying and military-serving age.
and tax-paying and military-serving age.
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576720
3456
ikke før de når en alder, hvor de
betaler skat og kan indgå i militæret.
betaler skat og kan indgå i militæret.
09:52
We tell them we'll see them in 18 years,
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1905
Vi siger til dem, vi ses om 18 år,
09:54
and getting there is kind of on them.
188
582129
1762
og vejen der til, må de selvom.
09:57
One of the reasons I know this
is that babies whose mothers
is that babies whose mothers
189
585854
2762
Jeg ved dette, fordi spædbørn af mødre
10:00
have 12 or more weeks at home with them
190
588640
2296
der har orlov 12 uger eller mere
10:02
are more likely to get their vaccinations
and their well checks in their first year,
and their well checks in their first year,
191
590960
3976
i større grad får deres vacciner
og helbredstjek det første år.
og helbredstjek det første år.
10:06
so those babies are more protected
from deadly and disabling diseases.
from deadly and disabling diseases.
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594960
4696
Disse børn er derfor bedre beskyttet
mod dødelige og invaliderende sygdomme.
mod dødelige og invaliderende sygdomme.
10:11
But those things are hidden
behind images like this.
behind images like this.
193
599680
3240
De ting vises ikke på
billeder som dette.
billeder som dette.
10:18
America has a message for new mothers
who work and for their babies.
who work and for their babies.
194
606280
5496
USA har en besked til nybagte
arbejdende mødre og deres børn.
arbejdende mødre og deres børn.
10:23
Whatever time you get together,
you should be grateful for it,
you should be grateful for it,
195
611800
3776
Enhver tid I tilbringer sammen
bør I være taknemmelig for,
bør I være taknemmelig for,
10:27
and you're an inconvenience
196
615600
2736
og du er en ulejlighed
10:30
to the economy and to your employers.
197
618360
3016
både for økonomien og dine kollegaer.
10:33
That narrative of gratitude
runs through a lot of the stories I hear.
runs through a lot of the stories I hear.
198
621400
4536
Denne "taknemmelighed"
er gennemgående i mange historier.
er gennemgående i mange historier.
10:37
A woman told me,
199
625960
1656
En kvinde fortalte mig:
10:39
"I went back at eight weeks
after my C-section
after my C-section
200
627640
2176
"Jeg vendte tilbage
8 uger efter kejsersnittet
8 uger efter kejsersnittet
10:41
because my husband was out of work.
201
629840
1816
fordi min mand var arbejdsløs.
10:43
Without me, my daughter
had failure to thrive.
had failure to thrive.
202
631680
2736
Uden mig, havde min datter
svært ved at trives.
svært ved at trives.
10:46
She wouldn't take a bottle.
203
634440
1296
Hun ville ikke have flaske.
10:47
She started losing weight.
204
635760
1616
Hun tabte sig.
10:49
Thankfully, my manager
was very understanding.
was very understanding.
205
637400
2816
Heldigvis,
var min chef meget forstående.
var min chef meget forstående.
10:52
He let my mom bring my baby,
206
640240
1536
Han lod min mor
hente mit barn,
hente mit barn,
10:53
who was on oxygen and a monitor,
207
641800
2296
som fik ilt og var tilsluttet en monitor,
10:56
four times a shift so I could nurse her."
208
644120
2120
fire gange dagligt,
så jeg kunne være hos hende."
så jeg kunne være hos hende."
10:59
There's a little club
of countries in the world
of countries in the world
209
647960
3376
Der er en lille samling lande
i verden
i verden
11:03
that offer no national
paid leave to new mothers.
paid leave to new mothers.
210
651360
3856
der ikke tilbyder betalt barsel
11:07
Care to guess who they are?
211
655240
2456
Vil I gætte hvem de er?
11:09
The first eight make up eight million
in total population.
in total population.
212
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3936
De første otte lande, har
samlet en befolkning på 8 millioner.
samlet en befolkning på 8 millioner.
11:13
They are Papua New Guinea,
Suriname and the tiny island nations
Suriname and the tiny island nations
213
661680
3496
Det er Papua Ny Guinea,
Surinam og de små ø nationer
Surinam og de små ø nationer
11:17
of Micronesia, Marshall Islands,
Nauru, Niue, Palau and Tonga.
Nauru, Niue, Palau and Tonga.
214
665200
6216
Mikronesien, Marshalløerne,
Nauru, Niue, Palau og Tonga.
Nauru, Niue, Palau og Tonga.
11:23
Number nine is
the United States of America,
the United States of America,
215
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2376
Nummer ni er USA
11:25
with 320 million people.
216
673840
2080
med 320 millioner indbyggere.
11:29
Oh, that's it.
217
677320
2336
Og ja, det var det.
11:31
That's the end of the list.
218
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2576
Der er ikke flere på den liste.
11:34
Every other economy on the planet
219
682280
1616
Alle andre økonomier på planeten
11:35
has found a way to make some level
of national paid leave work
of national paid leave work
220
683920
3896
har fundet en en måde at få
betalt barsel til at fungere
betalt barsel til at fungere
11:39
for the people doing the work
of the future of those countries,
of the future of those countries,
221
687840
2976
for de mennesker der
skaber fremtiden,
skaber fremtiden,
11:42
but we say,
"We couldn't possibly do that."
"We couldn't possibly do that."
222
690840
4056
men her siger vi:
"Vi kan umuligt få det til at fungere."
"Vi kan umuligt få det til at fungere."
11:46
We say that the market
will solve this problem,
will solve this problem,
223
694920
2496
Vi siger at markedet
vil ordne dette problem,
vil ordne dette problem,
11:49
and then we cheer when corporations
offer even more paid leave to the women
offer even more paid leave to the women
224
697440
4336
og så jubler vi når virksomheder
tilbyder endnu mere barsel til de kvinder
tilbyder endnu mere barsel til de kvinder
11:53
who are already the highest-educated
and highest-paid among us.
and highest-paid among us.
225
701800
3256
som allerede er de højst uddannede
og bedst betalte iblandt os.
og bedst betalte iblandt os.
11:57
Remember that 88 percent?
226
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1816
Kan I huske de 88 procent?
11:58
Those middle- and low-income women
are not going to participate in that.
are not going to participate in that.
227
706920
3840
Disse middel- og lavindkomst kvinder
får ikke fornøjelse af dette.
får ikke fornøjelse af dette.
12:03
We know that there are staggering
economic, financial, physical
economic, financial, physical
228
711880
5456
Vi ved der en svimlende
økonomisk, finansiel, fysisk
økonomisk, finansiel, fysisk
12:09
and emotional costs to this approach.
229
717360
2536
og følelsesmæssig omkostning
ved denne fremgangsmåde.
ved denne fremgangsmåde.
12:11
We have decided --
decided, not an accident,
decided, not an accident,
230
719920
4016
Vi har besluttet -
besluttet, det var ikke en fejl,
besluttet, det var ikke en fejl,
12:15
to pass these costs directly
on to working mothers and their babies.
on to working mothers and their babies.
231
723960
3936
at videregive disse omkostninger
direkte til mødre og deres børn.
direkte til mødre og deres børn.
12:19
We know the price tag is higher
for low-income women,
for low-income women,
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727920
2656
Vi ved at prisen er større for kvinder
med lav indkomst,
med lav indkomst,
12:22
therefore disproportionately
for women of color.
for women of color.
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730600
2776
herunder flest farvede kvinder.
12:25
We pass them on anyway.
234
733400
2456
Alligevel vedtager vi dem.
12:27
All of this is to America's shame.
235
735880
2616
Det er skammeligt for USA.
12:30
But it's also to America's risk.
236
738520
3896
Men samtidig også USAs risiko.
12:34
Because what would happen
237
742440
1896
For hvad ville der ske
12:36
if all of these individual
so-called choices to have babies
so-called choices to have babies
238
744360
4056
hvis alle disse individuelle,
såkaldte valg, om at få børn
såkaldte valg, om at få børn
12:40
started to turn into individual choices
not to have babies.
not to have babies.
239
748440
4000
tog en drejning til individuelle valg
om ikke at få børn.
om ikke at få børn.
12:45
One woman told me,
240
753320
1696
En anden kvinde fortalte mig:
12:47
"New motherhood is hard.
It shouldn't be traumatic.
It shouldn't be traumatic.
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3256
"Nyt moderskab er hårdt.
Det burde ikke være traumatisk.
Det burde ikke være traumatisk.
12:50
When we talk about expanding
our family now,
our family now,
242
758320
2256
Når vi nu taler om at udvide vores familie
12:52
we focus on how much time I would have
to care for myself and a new baby.
to care for myself and a new baby.
243
760600
4296
så fokuserer vi på hvor meget tid vi
har til at vare tage os selv og barnet.
har til at vare tage os selv og barnet.
12:56
If we were to have to do it again
the same way as with our first,
the same way as with our first,
244
764920
3296
Hvis vi skulle igennem det samme igen,
som vi var med det første barn,
som vi var med det første barn,
13:00
we might stick with one kid."
245
768240
1640
ville vi måske nøjes med det ene."
13:03
The birthrate needed in America
to keep the population stable
to keep the population stable
246
771800
2896
For at opretholde befolkningstallet
skal USA bruge
skal USA bruge
13:06
is 2.1 live births per woman.
247
774720
2136
2,1 levende fødsler per kvinde.
13:08
In America today, we are at 1.86.
248
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3976
I dagens USA, er tallet 1,86.
13:12
We need women to have babies,
249
780880
2296
Vi har brug for at kvinder får børn,
13:15
and we are actively disincentivizing
working women from doing that.
working women from doing that.
250
783200
4536
og vi demotiverer aktivt
arbejdende kvinder fra at gøre netop det.
arbejdende kvinder fra at gøre netop det.
13:19
What would happen to work force,
to innovation, to GDP,
to innovation, to GDP,
251
787760
3216
Hvad vil der ske med arbejdsstyrken,
innovationen, BNP'en,
innovationen, BNP'en,
13:23
if one by one, the working mothers
of this country were to decide
of this country were to decide
252
791000
4136
hvis kvinder i job, en efter en, besluttede
13:27
that they can't bear
to do this thing more than once?
to do this thing more than once?
253
795160
3360
at de ikke magter det mere end én gang?
13:31
I'm here today with only
one idea worth spreading,
one idea worth spreading,
254
799680
3496
Jeg er her idag, med kun en enkelt ide,
som er værd at dele,
som er værd at dele,
13:35
and you've guessed what it is.
255
803200
2136
og I har gættet hvad det er.
13:37
It is long since time
for the most powerful country on Earth
for the most powerful country on Earth
256
805360
3696
Den mest magtfulde nation på jorden,
burde forlængst
burde forlængst
13:41
to offer national paid leave
257
809080
2056
have tilbudt betalt barsel
13:43
to the people doing the work
of the future of this country
of the future of this country
258
811160
2715
til de der arbejder for
dette lands fremtid
dette lands fremtid
13:45
and to the babies
who represent that future.
who represent that future.
259
813899
2877
og til børnene,
som repræsenterer fremtiden.
som repræsenterer fremtiden.
13:48
Childbirth is a public good.
260
816800
2136
Fødsler er til folkets bedste.
13:50
This leave should be state-subsidized.
261
818960
2536
Barslen burde være statsstøttet.
13:53
It should have no exceptions
for small businesses,
for small businesses,
262
821520
2496
Der bør ingen undtagelser være
for mindre virksomheder,
for mindre virksomheder,
13:56
length of employment or entrepreneurs.
263
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ansættelsens længde eller iværksættere.
13:58
It should be able
to be shared between partners.
to be shared between partners.
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Den burde være mulig,
at dele mellem partnere.
at dele mellem partnere.
14:00
I've talked today a lot about mothers,
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Jeg har idag talt om mødrene,
14:02
but co-parents matter on so many levels.
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men med-forældre betyder noget på
mange niveauer.
mange niveauer.
14:07
Not one more woman
should have to go back to work
should have to go back to work
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Ikke en eneste kvinde
burde vende tilbage til jobbet
burde vende tilbage til jobbet
14:10
while she is hobbling and bleeding.
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hvis hun er dårligt gående eller bløder.
14:13
Not one more family should have
to drain their savings account
to drain their savings account
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Ikke én familie mere skal dræne
deres opsparring
deres opsparring
14:17
to buy a few days
of rest and recovery and bonding.
of rest and recovery and bonding.
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for at restituere og knytte bånd
i et par dage mere.
i et par dage mere.
14:21
Not one more fragile infant
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Ikke ét mere sårbart spædbarn
14:23
should have to go directly
from the incubator to day care
from the incubator to day care
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skal gå direkte
fra inkubator til vuggestue
fra inkubator til vuggestue
14:26
because his parents have used up
all of their meager time
all of their meager time
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fordi forældrene har opbrugt
alt deres sparsomme tid
alt deres sparsomme tid
14:29
sitting in the NICU.
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siddende på barselsgangen.
14:30
Not one more working family
should be told that the collision
should be told that the collision
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Ikke én arbejdende familie
burde få fortalt at kollisionen
burde få fortalt at kollisionen
14:33
of their work, their needed work
and their needed parenthood,
and their needed parenthood,
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mellem deres nødvendige job og
deres nødvendige forældreskab,
deres nødvendige forældreskab,
14:38
is their problem alone.
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alene er deres problem.
14:40
The catch is that when this is happening
to a new family, it is consuming,
to a new family, it is consuming,
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Sagen er, at når det sker for en
ny familie, er det tidskrævende
ny familie, er det tidskrævende
14:45
and a family with a new baby
is more financially vulnerable
is more financially vulnerable
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og en familie med et spædbarn
er økonomisk mere sårbare
er økonomisk mere sårbare
14:48
than they've ever been before,
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end de har været før.
14:49
so that new mother cannot afford
to speak up on her own behalf.
to speak up on her own behalf.
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De nybagte mødre har ikke råd til
at tale på egne vegne.
at tale på egne vegne.
14:53
But all of us have voices.
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Men vi har alle sammen en stemme.
14:55
I am done, done having babies,
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Jeg er færdig, færdig med at få børn
14:59
and you might be pre-baby,
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og du er måske ikke født endnu,
15:01
you might be post-baby,
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eller også er du kommet til verden,
15:02
you might be no baby.
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eller der er ikke tænkt på dig endnu.
15:04
It should not matter.
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Det burde ikke betyde noget.
15:06
We have to stop framing this
as a mother's issue,
as a mother's issue,
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Vi må stoppe med at beskrive dette
som en mors eller
som en mors eller
15:08
or even a women's issue.
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en kvindes problem.
15:10
This is an American issue.
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Det er USA's problem.
15:14
We need to stop buying the lie
that these images tell us.
that these images tell us.
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Vi skal ikke længere købe den løgn
som de billeder fortæller os.
som de billeder fortæller os.
15:17
We need to stop being comforted by them.
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Vi må ikke føle os trygge ved dem.
15:20
We need to question
why we're told that this can't work
why we're told that this can't work
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Vi skal sætte spørgsmålstegn ved
at det ikke vil fungere
at det ikke vil fungere
15:22
when we see it work
everywhere all over the world.
everywhere all over the world.
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når vi kan se det fungerer
alle andre steder i verdenen.
alle andre steder i verdenen.
15:26
We need to recognize
that this American reality
that this American reality
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Vi skal indse
at denne amerikanske virkelighed
at denne amerikanske virkelighed
15:29
is to our dishonor and to our peril.
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er vanærende og ødelæggende.
15:33
Because this is not,
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For det her er ikke,
15:35
this is not,
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ej heller dette,
15:37
and this is not
what a working mother looks like.
what a working mother looks like.
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og heller ikke dette billede,
viser hvordan en mor i job ser ud.
viser hvordan en mor i job ser ud.
15:42
(Applause)
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(Bifald)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Jessica Shortall - Strategy consultant, social entrepreneur and authorJessica Shortall is a working mom of two and author of Work. Pump. Repeat: The New Mom's Survival Guide to Breastfeeding and Going Back to Work.
Why you should listen
What do breastfeeding and paid leave for working mothers, sustainable eye care, hunger, green investing, giving shoes and the business case for LGBT equality have in common?
For Jessica Shortall, they have all been opportunities to change the world: challenges that need sustainable solutions and require a deep understanding of market forces, audiences, and cultures. They all require an intense dive into data, and they all benefit from powerful storytelling.
Shortall has provided strategy consulting to dozens of businesses, social enterprises, non-profit organizations and campaigns in the US, UK and beyond. Her first book, Work. Pump. Repeat: The New Mom's Guide to Surviving Breastfeeding and Going Back to Work, was inspired by her own experiences of circumnavigating the globe with a breast pump. She interviewed hundreds of working mothers and dozens of HR professionals to create a practical, relatable, judgment-free guide for women who want to try to continue breastfeeding after they've returned to work.
Shortall started her adult life as a Peace Corps Volunteer in Uzbekistan, and she haven't stopped searching for ways to change the world since, across non-profit and for-profit worlds. In the early 2000s, she co-founded and franchised a non-profit organization that is now active in more than 40 communities. In 2006, she received an MBA with honors from the University of Oxford, as a Skoll Scholar in Social Entrepreneurship. She went on to spend three years providing consulting services to social entrepreneurs. From 2009 to 2014, she was the first Director of Giving at TOMS Shoes, hired to build out the now-iconic One for One giving mission and strategy.
She currently lives in Dallas, TX with her husband Clay and her two children.
Jessica Shortall | Speaker | TED.com