Matt Walker: Sleep is your superpower
Matt Walker: Tidur adalah kekuatan super Anda
Matt Walker is a brain scientist trying to understand why we sleep. Full bio
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to start with testicles.
than those who sleep seven hours or more.
mereka yang tidur 7 jam atau lebih
just four to five hours a night
hanya 4 hingga 5 jam semalam
10 years their senior.
lebih tua dari mereka.
will age a man by a decade
satu dekade ke umur seorang pria
aspect of wellness.
yang kritis itu.
in female reproductive health
dalam kesehatan reproduksi wanita
that I have for you today.
dari saya untuk Anda hari ini.
mungkin akan menjadi lebih buruk.
about the wonderfully good things
hal-hal yang sangat baik
that happen when you don't get enough,
ketika Anda kurang tidur
otak dan badan Anda.
over the past 10 or so years
selama sepuluh tahun terakhir ini
on those new memories
akan tersimpan
that you also need sleep before learning
Anda juga perlu tidur sebelum belajar
new information.
informasi baru dari awal.
the memory circuits of the brain
sirkuit memori di dalam otak
waterlogged, as it were,
menyerap memori baru.
to test the hypothesis
memutuskan untuk menguji hipotesis
was a good idea.
adalah ide yang bagus.
to one of two experimental groups:
salah satu dari dua grup eksperimental:
and a sleep deprivation group.
satu grup kurang tidur.
a full eight hours of slumber,
mendapatkan 8 jam penuh tidur,
we're going to keep them awake
akan kami buat tetap terjaga
di bawah pengawasan penuh.
so it's miserable for everyone involved.
jadi semua yang terlibat sengsara.
inside an MRI scanner
di dalam pemindai MRI
try and learn a whole list of new facts
mempelajari banyak fakta baru
of brain activity.
aktivitas otak mereka.
that learning has been.
proses belajarnya.
here on the vertical axis.
pada sumbu vertikal.
those two groups head to head,
ditempatkan bersampingan,
40-percent deficit
defisit sebanyak 40 persen
to make new memories without sleep.
memori baru tanpa tidur.
is happening to sleep
terjadi pada tidur
in a child acing an exam
mendapat nilai paling bagus di ujian
what goes wrong within your brain
apa yang salah di dalam otak Anda
of learning disabilities.
ketidakmampuan belajar seperti ini
of your brain, called the hippocampus.
yang namanya hipokampus.
inbox of your brain.
di dalam otak.
new memory files
menerima memori baru
a full night of sleep,
tidur malamnya cukup,
learning-related activity.
aktivitas belajar yang sehat
who were sleep-deprived,
orang-orang yang kurang tidur,
any significant signal whatsoever.
yang signifikan sama sekali.
had shut down your memory inbox,
menutup kotak masuk memori Anda,
they were just being bounced.
hanya terpental.
commit new experiences to memory.
baru ke memori dengan efektif.
if I were to take sleep away from you,
jika tidak tidur,
to that control group for a second.
grup kontrol tadi sebentar.
that got a full eight hours of sleep?
mendapatkan tidur 8 jam penuh?
a very different question:
pertanyaan yang sangat berbeda.
quality of your sleep
fisiologis tidur Anda,
your memory and learning ability
daya ingat dan kemampuan belajar
all over the head,
di seluruh kepala,
is that there are big, powerful brainwaves
gelombang otak yang besar dan kuat
the very deepest stages of sleep
tahap tidur yang paling nyenyak
of electrical activity
of these deep-sleep brainwaves
gelombang otak dari tidur nyenyak inilah
mechanism at night,
pemindahan berkas pada malam hari,
vulnerable reservoir
jangka pendek yang rentan
storage site within the brain,
yang lebih permanen di dalam otak,
making them safe.
serta membuatnya aman.
these memory benefits,
yang memberikan manfaat memori ini,
and societal implications.
medis dan sosial yang nyata.
out into, clinically,
usaha ini secara klinis,
and dementia.
penuaan dan demensia.
that, as we get older,
seiring bertambahnya usia,
begin to fade and decline.
mulai memudar dan menurun.
is that your sleep gets worse,
tidur Anda semakin memburuk,
that I was just discussing.
yang baru saja saya diskusikan.
we finally published evidence
kami akhirnya menerbitkan bukti
they're not simply co-occurring,
tidak hanya terjadi secara bersamaan
that the disruption of deep sleep
gangguan terhadap tidur nyenyak
to cognitive decline or memory decline
kognitif atau penurunan daya ingat
we've discovered,
baru-baru ini kami menemukan
depressing news.
sangat menyedihkan.
silver lining here.
that we know are associated with aging,
yang kita tahu terkait dengan penuaan,
in the physical structure of the brain,
in the explanatory puzzle
yang hilang dari teka-teki penjelas
itu menarik
to do something about it.
melakukan sesuatu tentang itu.
approaching this at my sleep center
di pusat tidur saya
sleeping pills, by the way.
that do not produce naturalistic sleep.
karena tidak menghasilkan tidur alami.
a method based on this.
mengembangkan sebuah metode.
brain stimulation.
stimulasi otak arus searah.
of voltage into the brain,
tegangan ke otak,
during sleep in young, healthy adults,
orang dewasa muda sehat selama tidur,
with those deep-sleep brainwaves,
gelombang otak tidur nyenyak itu,
the size of those deep-sleep brainwaves,
gelombang otak tidur nyenyak itu,
double the amount of memory benefit
menggandakan jumlah manfaat memori
is whether we can translate
apakah kita bisa menerapkan
potentially portable piece of technology
berpotensi portabel ini
dan penderita demensia.
some healthy quality of deep sleep,
kualitas tidur nyenyak yang sehat,
aspects of their learning
menyelamatkan kemampuan belajar
goals, as it were.
tujuan kami yang ambisius.
of sleep for your brain,
contoh tidur untuk otak Anda,
as essential for your body.
untuk badan Anda.
and your reproductive system.
dan sistem reproduksi.
and your cardiovascular system,
tidur dan sistem kardiovaskular Anda,
hanyalah satu jam.
performed on 1.6 billion people
dilakukan pada 1,6 miliar orang
when we lose one hour of sleep,
kehilangan satu jam tidur,
in heart attacks that following day.
serangan jantung di hari berikutnya.
when we gain an hour of sleep,
mendapat tambahan tidur satu jam,
reduction in heart attacks.
dalam serangan jantung.
for car crashes, road traffic accidents,
tabrakan mobil, kecelakaan lalu lintas,
I want to focus on this:
mari fokus pada ini:
sistem kekebalan tubuh.
blue elements in the image.
biru yang indah dalam gambar ini.
almost like the secret service agents
dibayangkan seperti agen dinas rahasia
dangerous, unwanted elements
elemen berbahaya yang tidak diinginkan
is destroying a cancerous tumor mass.
memusnahkan massa tumor kanker.
is a virile set of these immune assassins
kekebalan dan pembunuh tangguh ini
if you're not sleeping enough.
jika Anda tidak cukup tidur.
deprived for an entire night,
untuk sepanjang malam,
restricted to four hours
selama 4 jam
what's the percent reduction
persentase penurunan
bukan 10 persen,
in natural killer cell activity.
aktivitas para sel pembunuh alami.
of immune deficiency,
kekebalan tubuh yang memprihatinkan,
why we're now finding
mengapa kami sekarang melihat
short sleep duration
rentang waktu tidur yang pendek
of numerous forms of cancer.
berbagai bentuk kanker.
cancer of the bowel,
kanker usus besar,
and cancer of the breast.
dan kanker payudara.
and cancer is now so strong
dan kanker sekarang sangat kuat
Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia (WHO)
of nighttime shift work
pekerjaan sif malam hari
of your sleep-wake rhythms.
tidur-bangun Anda.
mendengar pepatah lama itu,
sangat tidak bijaksana.
across millions of individuals.
terhadap jutaan individu.
the shorter your life.
semakin pendek hidup Anda.
semua penyebab kematian.
for the development of cancer
terkena kanker
that a lack of sleep will even erode
tidur bahkan akan mengikis
they took a group of healthy adults
sekelompok orang dewasa yang sehat
to six hours of sleep a night
hanya enam jam semalam
in their gene activity profile
dalam aktivitas gen mereka
of sleep a night.
penuh semalam.
was that about half of those genes
gen tersebut
by a lack of sleep
karena kurang tidur
with your immune system,
dengan sistem kekebalan Anda,
that immune deficiency.
kekurangan kekebalan tubuh tadi.
that were actually upregulated
meningkat aktivitasnya
with the promotion of tumors,
dengan kemunculan tumor,
chronic inflammation within the body,
kronis jangka panjang dalam tubuh,
cardiovascular disease.
penyakit kardiovaskular.
kesehatan Anda
of sleep deprivation
dari kurang tidur
water pipe in your home.
yang bocor,
into every nook and cranny
ke setiap sudut dan celah
the very DNA nucleic alphabet
alfabet nukleat DNA
your daily health narrative.
kesehatan harian Anda.
Anda mungkin berpikir,
how do I start to get better sleep?
bisa tidur lebih baik?
tidur yang baik?"
the damaging and harmful impact
yang merusak dan berbahaya
with sleep at night,
di malam hari,
wake up at the same time,
bangun juga pada saat yang sama,
it's the weekday or the weekend.
hari kerja atau akhir pekan.
and the quality of that sleep.
dan kualitas tidur Anda.
its core temperature
menurunkan suhu intinya
Fahrenheit to initiate sleep
Celsius untuk mulai tidur
you will always find it easier
merasa lebih mudah
yang terlalu dingin
of around 65 degrees,
di kamar tidur,
for the sleep of most people.
tidur kebanyakan orang.
in taking a step back, then,
dan memikirkan
statement here?
is not an optional lifestyle luxury.
mewah yang opsional.
biological necessity.
yang tidak bisa dinegosiasikan.
pendukung kehidupan Anda,
best effort yet at immortality.
untuk mencapai keabadian.
throughout industrialized nations
negara-negara industri
on our health, our wellness,
pada kesehatan kita, kebugaran kita,
of our children.
anak-anak kita.
kurang tidur yang bisu,
public health challenges
kesehatan masyarakat terbesar
to reclaim our right
kita memperoleh kembali hak kita
yang patut disayangkan.
with the most powerful elixir of life,
dengan ramuan kehidupan paling kuat,
of health, as it were.
selamat malam, semoga sukses,
Stay there for a second.
Tetap di sana sebentar.
I appreciate that.
Saya menghargai itu.
DB: Yes, thank you, thank you.
DB: Iya, terima kasih.
what are we supposed to do?
apa yang harus kita lakukan?
tossing and turning in bed late at night
misalnya, kita bolak-balik di ranjang
we can't catch up on sleep.
kita tak bisa menebus tidur.
at a later point in time.
di kemudian hari.
that it's so catastrophic
mengapa ini sangat fatal
deteriorates so quickly,
merosot dengan sangat cepat,
are the only species
satu-satunya spesies
themselves of sleep
waktu tidurnya sendiri
because it means that Mother Nature,
karena berarti alam
of this thing called sleep deprivation.
tantangan dari kekurangan tidur ini.
mengembangkan jaring pengaman,
ketika Anda kurang tidur,
both within the brain and the body.
baik di otak maupun di badan.
tidur di tempat tidur,
awake for too long,
di tempat tidur,
and go to a different room
pergi ke ruang lain
will very quickly associate your bedroom
sangat cepat mengasosiasi kamar tidur
asosiasi itu.
ketika Anda mengantuk,
the association that you once had,
asosiasi yang pernah Anda miliki,
tempat untuk tidur.
waiting to get hungry,
makan, menunggu lapar datang,
waiting to get sleepy?
tidur menunggu mengantuk?
atas nasihatnya.
Thank you very much.
Terima kasih banyak.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Matt Walker - Sleep scientist, professor, authorMatt Walker is a brain scientist trying to understand why we sleep.
Why you should listen
Matt Walker's research examines the impact of sleep on human health and disease. He got his PhD from the Medical Research Council in London, UK, and subsequently became a Professor of Psychiatry at Harvard Medical School. He's currently a Professor of Neuroscience and Psychology at the University of California, Berkeley, and Director of the Center for Human Sleep Science.
Walker has received funding awards from the National Science Foundation and the National Institutes of Health, and he's a Kavli Fellow of the National Academy of Sciences. He has shared his research on the importance of sleep on television and radio outlets including CBS's "60 Minutes," National Geographic, NOVA Science, NRP and the BBC. He is the author of the international bestseller Why We Sleep.
Matt Walker | Speaker | TED.com