ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Zubaida Bai - Women's health advocate
Zubaida Bai innovates health and livelihood solutions for underserved women and girls around the world.

Why you should listen

Building on her expertise as a mechanical engineer, a social worker and her public speaking skills, Zubaida Bai put her unique passion to work. In the process, she built a brand and a product line, and she set in motion a movement that addresses market failures, breaks taboos and gives voice to the oft-ignored matter that is women’s health.

Bai is the founder and CEO of ayzh (pronounced "eyes"), a social enterprise based in India that designs vital healthcare products to improve the health and happiness of women and girls across their reproductive lives. Bai launched her company with janma, a $3 clean birth kit in a purse, but her story goes further back to when she stood by her mother to face head-on the challenge of survival facing her family when she had just entered her teens.

janma was conceived after traveling to one of the poorest communities in India and confronting the reality that more than one million mothers and babies lose their lives in the developing world each year due to uncleanliness at the time of childbirth. Packaged in a pink biodegradable jute bag, a design that mothers can reuse as a purse, the kit provides both cleanliness and dignity. Since beginning sales in 2012, Bai's company has sold more than 250,000 kits to more than 300 health institutions in 20 countries, touching the lives of more than 500,000 women and newborns. Bai is now expanding her product line to include kits for newborn, postpartum and menstrual health, while scaling her proven model across India and into Africa.

Bai was selected as a Young Global Leader by the World Economic Forum, a Maternal Health Champion by Ashoka, a TED speaker (Fellow and Resident) and the United Nations SDG Pioneer by the United Nations Global Compact (UNGC). ayzh's strategic partners from around the world who have written about Zubaida's work: TOMS shared her safe birth story; USAID blogged about how she's empowering women through a simple purse; and Grand Challenges Canada recognizes her lead role in scaling life-changing kits for mothers and newborns.

Bai believes that building a sustainable company takes a great team, stamina and a sturdy suitcase. She is fluent in eight languages and travels the world forging new partnerships and advocating for women's health. She has spoken at events for Women in the World, Pfizer Foundation and Women Deliver. She holds a master's degree in mechanical engineering specializing in development of modular products, and an MBA in social and sustainable enterprises.

More profile about the speaker
Zubaida Bai | Speaker | TED.com
TED Residency

Zubaida Bai: A simple birth kit for mothers in the developing world

주바이다 바이(Zubaida Bai): 개발도상국의 엄마들을 위한 간단한 출산 키트

Filmed:
975,456 views

TED펠로우인 주바이다 바이는 의료 전문가, 조사산 그리고 엄마들과 함께 작업하며 여성 건강에 존엄성을 부여하고 저렴한 해결책을 제시합니다. 짧지만 열정적인 이 강연에서, 주바다이는 세계 어디서든(혹은 병원이 멀리 있어도) 사용할 수 있는 위생적인 출산을 위해 필요한 것을 모두 담은 클린 출산 키트를 소개합니다.
- Women's health advocate
Zubaida Bai innovates health and livelihood solutions for underserved women and girls around the world. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:12
In the next다음 것 six minutes의사록
that you will listen to me,
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이제부터 6분 동안
제 이야기를 해드릴게요.
00:16
the world세계 will have lost잃어버린 three mothers어머니
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전 세계 산모 중 3명은
00:19
while delivering배달 their그들의 babies아기들:
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아이를 낳다가 사망해요.
00:22
one, because of a severe심한 complication복잡;
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한 명은 심각한 합병증 때문에
00:26
second둘째, because she will be a teenager십대
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또 한명 은 아직 10대라 너무 어려서
00:29
and her body신체 will not
be prepared준비된 for birth출생;
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출산을 감당할 만큼
몸이 강하지 못해서죠.
00:32
but the third제삼, only because of lack결핍
of access접속하다 to basic기본 clean깨끗한 tools도구들
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하지만 마지막 산모는
출산할 때 기본적으로
00:38
at the time of childbirth출산.
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위생적인 출산 도구가 없어서예요.
00:41
She will not be alone혼자.
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산모만 사망하는 것이 아니예요.
00:43
Over one million백만 mothers어머니 and babies아기들
die주사위 every...마다 single단일 year
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개발도상국에서는 매년
00:47
in the developing개발 중 world세계,
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약 백만 명이상의
산모와 태아가 사망해요.
00:49
only because of lack결핍 of access접속하다
to basic기본 cleanliness청결
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출산을 할 때 조차도
00:53
while giving주는 birth출생 to their그들의 babies아기들.
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기본적인 청결상태도
불량하기 때문이에요.
00:56
My journey여행 began시작되었다 on a hot뜨거운 summer여름 afternoon대낮
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저의 여정은 2008년 뜨거운 어느 오후
00:59
in India인도 in 2008,
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인도에서 시작했어요.
01:01
when after a day of meeting모임 women여자들
and listening청취 to their그들의 needs필요,
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도움이 필요한 여성들과
이야기를 나눈 다음 날
01:05
I landed착륙 in a thatched초가의 hut오두막 with a midwife산파.
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한 조산사와 함께 막사에 내렸어요.
01:09
As a mother어머니, I was very curious이상한
on how she delivered배달 된 babies아기들 in her house.
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저도 같은 엄마라서 그런지 집에서
어떻게 출산을 하는지 궁금했죠.
01:13
After a deep깊은 and engaging매력적인
conversation대화 with her
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그 조산사가 자신의 일에
얼마나 소명의식을 갖고 있는지
01:16
on how she considered깊이 생각한 it a profound깊은
calling부름 to do what she was doing,
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깊고 즐겁게 이야기를 나눈 후
01:20
I asked물었다 her a parting이별 question문제:
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헤어지기 전에 질문을 하나 했어요.
01:23
Do you have the tools도구들 that you need
to deliver배달 the babies아기들?
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"출산 도구는 뭐 쓰세요?"라구요.
01:27
I got to see her tool수단.
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그렇게 그 조산사의 도구를 보게 됐죠.
01:30
"This is what I use to separate갈라진
the mother어머니 and the baby아가," she said.
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"이건 탯줄을 자를 때
사용하는 거예요"라고 하더군요.
01:35
Unsure불안정한 of how to react반응하다, I held개최 된 this
agricultural농업의 tool수단 in my hand in shock충격.
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너무나 충격적이었던 나머지
멍하니 그 농기구를 들고 있었죠.
01:41
I took~했다 a picture그림 of this,
hugged껴안다 her and walked걸었다 away.
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이사진을 한 장 찍고는
조산사와 헤어졌어요.
01:45
My mind마음 was flooded침수 된 with reflections반사
of my own개인적인 infection감염
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저도 예전에 출산할 때 세균감염으로
01:48
that I had to struggle노력 with
for a year past과거 childbirth출산
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1년 간 고생했던 기억이 막 떠올랐죠.
01:51
despite무례 having access접속하다
to the best베스트 medical의료 care케어,
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심지어 의료시설이 굉장히
좋은 곳이었는데도 말이에요.
01:55
and memories기억 of my conversation대화
with my father아버지,
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그리고 아버지와 나눴던
대화가 떠올랐어요.
01:57
who had lost잃어버린 his mom엄마 to childbirth출산,
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제 할머니도 아버지를
낳다 돌아가셨거든요.
01:59
on how he thought his life
would be so different다른
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만약 할머니가 살아계셨으면
02:02
if she would have been
just next다음 것 to him growing성장하는 up.
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아버지 삶이 어떻게 달라졌을까
이야기하곤 하셨죠.
02:05
As a product생성물 developer개발자,
I started시작한 my process방법 of research연구.
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전 제품 개발자로 연구를 시작했어요.
02:09
I was very excited흥분한 to find
that there was a product생성물 out there
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클린 출산 키트라는 상품이
02:12
called전화 한 the Clean깨끗한 Birth출생 Kit전부.
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있다는 걸 알고 정말 기뻤죠.
02:14
But I just couldn't할 수 없었다 buy사다 one for months개월.
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하지만 수 개월을
기다려야 살 수 있었죠.
02:18
They were only assembled조립 된
based기반 on availability유효성 of funding자금.
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왜냐하면 기금이 조성되지 않으면
생산하지 않았거든요.
02:22
Finally마침내, when I got my hands소유 on one,
I was in shock충격 again.
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마침내 그 출산도구를 구했는데
또 충격에 빠졌죠.
02:26
I would never use these tools도구들
to deliver배달 my baby아가, I thought.
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내 아기였다면 절대
사용하지 않았을 거예요.
02:30
But to confirm확인하다 my instincts본능,
I went갔다 back to the women여자들,
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이런 제 예감을 확인해보러
산모들을 다시 찾았죠.
02:33
some of whom누구에게 had the experience경험
of using~을 사용하여 this product생성물.
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몇몇은 그걸 사용해본
경험이 있었거든요.
02:37
Lo봐라 and behold보다, they had
the same같은 reaction반응 and more.
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이게 뭔 일인지 모두
반응이 똑같았어요.
02:41
The women여자들 said they would rather차라리
deliver배달 on a floor바닥
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엄마들은 사방에 피를 묻히며
비닐 시트에서 낳느니
02:43
than on a plastic플라스틱 sheet시트
that smeared얼룩진 blood all over.
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차라리 바닥이 낫겠다 하더군요.
02:46
They were absolutely전혀 right --
it would cause원인 more infection감염.
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저도 격하게 공감했죠.
감염만 더 악화시킬게 뻔했죠.
저 실은 세균 고속도로나
마찬가지였어요.
02:49
The thread provided제공된 was a highway고속도로
to bacterial세균성의 infection감염
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02:52
through...을 통하여 the baby's아기의 umbilical생명줄 cord코드,
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곧바로 세균이 탯줄로 타고가죠.
02:54
and the blade used was the kind종류
that men남자 used for shaving면도,
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저 칼날은 면도할 때나 쓰는 거죠.
02:57
and they did not want it
anywhere어딘가에 close닫기 to them.
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그 엄마들은 그런걸 가까이
두고 싶어하지도 않았어요.
03:00
There was no incentive자극 for anybody아무도
to redesign재 설계하다 this product생성물,
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그 누구도 이 제품을 개선하려고
시도하지 않았어요.
03:03
because it was based기반 on charity자선.
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이건 자선사업을 통해서만
이루어졌거든요.
03:05
The women여자들 were never
consulted상의 한 in this process방법.
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그 여성들은 이런 과정에 대해
상담을 받아 본적이 없어요.
03:08
And to my surprise놀람, the need
was not only in homes주택
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더욱 충격인 건 가정집은 고사하고
03:11
but also또한 in institutional제도적 settings설정
with high-volume높은 볼륨 births출생.
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출산을 전문으로하는 기관에서도
그런 상담은 부족했어요.
03:14
Situations상황 in remote areas지역
were even more daunting발굴.
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외곽지역으로 가보면
상황은 더 심각했어요.
03:18
This had to change변화.
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변화가 필요했어요.
03:20
I made만든 this my area지역 of focus초점.
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저는 먼저 저희 지역에 집중해서
03:22
I started시작한 the design디자인 process방법
by collecting수집 feedback피드백,
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다양한 피드백을 기초로
디자인을 시작했어요.
03:26
developing개발 중 prototypes프로토 타입
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견본을 만들고
03:28
and engaging매력적인 with various여러 stakeholders이해 관계자
researching연구하다 global글로벌 protocols프로토콜들.
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이해관계자들과 연계해서 해외로
확대해 협약을 맺고 연구를 진행했죠.
03:32
With every...마다 single단일 prototype원기,
we went갔다 back to the women여자들
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견본을 만들 때마다
엄마들에게 가지고 가서
03:34
to ensure안전하게 하다 that we had a product생성물 for them.
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제품에 대해 피드백을 받았어요.
03:38
What I learned배운 through...을 통하여 this process방법
was that these women여자들,
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이 과정중에 깨달은 건 이 여성들도
03:40
despite무례 their그들의 extreme극단 poverty가난,
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비록 극심한 가난으로 힘들어하지만
03:42
placed배치 된 great value
on their그들의 health건강 and well-being안녕.
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건강과 복지를 굉장히
중요하게 생각한다는 거예요.
03:44
They were absolutely전혀 not poor가난한 in mind마음.
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몸은 가난해도 마음까지
가난하진 않았죠.
03:47
As with all of us, they would appreciate고맙다
a well-designed잘 설계된 product생성물
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우리와 마찬가지로
잘 만들어진 제품은 알아봐요
03:50
developed개발 된 for their그들의 needs필요.
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자신들의 필요성에 부합하는지를요.
03:52
After many많은 iterations반복
working with experts전문가,
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엄마들이 직접참여하고
03:54
medical의료 health건강 professionals전문가
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의료보건 전문가들과 작업하며
03:56
and the women여자들 themselves그들 자신,
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여러차례 반복하면서
03:58
I should say it was not
an easy쉬운 process방법 at all,
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물론 절대 쉬운 과정은 아니었지만
04:01
but we had a simple단순한 and beautiful아름다운 design디자인.
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간편하고 훌륭한 제품을 만들어냈죠.
04:05
For a dollar달러 more than what
the existing기존의 product생성물 was offered제안 된 for,
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기존 제품보다 천 원더 비싼 가격인
04:10
at three dollars불화, we were able할 수 있는
to deliver배달 "janma한 마,"
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3천원으로 "잔마"라는
작은 가방에 넣은
04:13
a clean깨끗한 birth출생 kit전부 in a purse지갑.
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출산 키트를 제공할 수 있었어요.
04:16
Janmama마, meaning의미 "birth출생," contained포함 된
a blood-absorbing혈액 흡수 sheet시트
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잔마는 "출산"이란 뜻으로 구성품으로는
04:18
for the woman여자 to give birth출생 on,
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산모용 출혈 흡수시트
04:20
a surgical수술 scalpel메스, a cord코드 clamp집게,
a bar of soap비누, a pair of gloves장갑
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수술용 메스, 탯줄 집게,
비누, 장갑 한 쌍
04:24
and the first cloth
to wipe닦음 the baby아가 clean깨끗한.
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그리고 아기를 닦아줄 천이 들어있죠.
04:27
All this came왔다 packaged포장 된
in a beautiful아름다운 purse지갑
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이걸 모두 예쁜 가방에 포장했어요.
04:29
that was given주어진 to the mother어머니
as a gift선물 after all her hard단단한 work,
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힘든 노동 후에 지친
엄마에게 선물했어요.
04:32
that she carried운반 된 home with pride자부심
as a symbol상징 of prosperity번영.
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그 엄마는 자랑스럽게 집에 가져갔어요.
04:37
One woman여자 reacted반응 한 to this gift선물.
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한 엄마는 선물을 받자
이렇게 말했어요.
04:40
She said, "Is this really mine광산?
Can I keep it?"
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"정말 제 거예요? 제가
가져도 돼요?"라고요.
04:44
The other one said,
"Will you give me a different다른 color색깔
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이런 분도 있었어요.
"다음 아기출산할 땐
다른 색으로 주세요!"
04:46
when I have my next다음 것 baby아가?"
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(웃음)
04:48
(Laughter웃음)
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04:50
Better yet아직, a woman여자 expressed표현 된
that this was the first purse지갑
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혹은 살면서 처음 가져본 가방이라고
04:52
that she had ever owned소유 한 in her life.
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기뻐하는 엄마도 있어요.
04:55
The kit전부, aside곁에 from its symbolism상징주의
and its simplicity간단,
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이 키트는 상징적인 뜻과
간단함뿐만 아니라
04:57
is designed디자인 된 to follow따르다
globally전 세계적으로 recommended추천 된 medical의료 protocol실험 계획안
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세계 어느 곳에서도 사용할 수 있게
맞춤으로 제작했어요.
05:01
and serves봉사하다 as a behavior-change행동 변화 tool수단
to follow따르다 steps걸음 one after the other.
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또한 행동 변화에 맞춰 한 단계씩
따라 할 수 있게 만들었어요.
05:06
It can not only be used in homes주택,
but also또한 in institutional제도적 settings설정.
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가정에서뿐만 아니라
출산기관에서도 사용할 수 있죠.
05:10
To date날짜, our kit전부 has impacted영향을받은
over 600,000 mothers어머니 and babies아기들
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지금까지 이 키트로 전 세계
6십만 명 이상의 산모와
태아를 도와줬어요.
05:14
around the world세계.
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05:16
It's a humbling겸손한 experience경험
to watch these numbers번호 grow자라다,
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겸허하게 도움받은 사람들의
수가 증가하는 걸 지켜보고 있지만
05:19
and I cannot~ 할 수 없다. wait until...까지
we reach범위 a hundred million백만.
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한편으론 빨리 십억 명까지
도달했으면 좋겠어요.
05:24
But women's여자 health건강 issues문제 do not end종료 here.
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하지만 여성 건강 문제는
여기서 끝이 아니에요.
05:27
There are thousands수천 of simple단순한 issues문제
that require요구하다 low-cost저렴한 비용 interventions개입.
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저렴한 해결책이 필요한 간단한
문제들이 아직도 수 천 가지나 돼요.
05:31
We have facts사리 to prove알다
that if we invest사다 in women여자들 and girls여자애들
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여성과 어린 소녀에게 투자해서
05:34
and provide~을 제공하다 them with better
health건강 and well-being안녕,
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건강과 복지를 증진시켜주면
05:37
they will deliver배달 healthier더 건강한 and wealthier더 부유 한
and prosperous번영하는 communities커뮤니티.
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지역사회를 더 건강하고
풍요롭게 할 수 있어요.
05:42
We have to start스타트 by bringing데려 오는 simplicity간단
and dignity존엄 to women's여자 health건강 issues문제:
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단순하지만 존엄성을 가지고
여성의 건강 문제에 접근해야 해요
05:46
from reducing감소시키는 maternal산모 mortality인류,
to breaking파괴 taboos금기,
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가령 산모 사망률 줄이기,
여성을 억압하는 금기 깨기
05:49
to empowering권한을 부여하는 women여자들
to take control제어 of their그들의 own개인적인 lives.
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여성들에게 자주적인
권리를 주는 것까지요.
05:52
This is my dream.
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이게 저의 꿈이에요.
05:55
But it is not possible가능한 to achieve이루다 it
without없이 engaging매력적인 men남자 and women여자들 alike서로 같은
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하지만 여성뿐만 아니라
남성도 참여하지 않으면
05:59
from around the world세계 --
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소용없어요.
06:01
yes, all of you.
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그래요 여러분 모두말이에요.
06:04
I recently요새 heard들었던 this lyric서정시
by Leonard레오나드 Cohen코헨:
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최근에 레너드 코헨의 이런
노랫말을 들은 적이 있어요.
06:08
"Ring반지 the bells that still can ring반지.
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"울릴 수 있는 종은 모두 울려라
06:12
Forget잊다 your perfect완전한 offering헌금.
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완벽한 것은 없다.
06:15
There is a crack갈라진 금 in everything.
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모든 것에는 틈이 있지만
06:18
That's how the light gets도착 in."
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그 틈으로 빛이 들어온다."
06:21
This is my bit비트 of light.
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저에겐 이게 작은 빛이에요.
06:23
But we need more light.
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하지만 그 빛이 좀더 필요하죠.
06:25
In fact, we need huge거대한 spotlights스포트 라이트
placed배치 된 in the world세계 of women's여자 health건강
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정말로 세계 여성 건강에
더 큰 관심을 가져야 되요.
06:28
if we need a better tomorrow내일.
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더 나은 세상을 만들기 위해
06:30
We should never forget잊다 that women여자들
are at the center센터 of a sustainable지속 가능한 world세계,
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우리가 잊지 말아야 할 건 세상을
지속하는데 여성이 중요하단 사실과
06:35
and we do not exist있다 without없이 them.
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여성 없인 우리도 존재할 수
없다는 사실이에요.
06:38
Thank you.
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고맙습니다.
06:39
(Applause박수 갈채)
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(박수)
Translated by 기영 장
Reviewed by Tae Young Choi

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Zubaida Bai - Women's health advocate
Zubaida Bai innovates health and livelihood solutions for underserved women and girls around the world.

Why you should listen

Building on her expertise as a mechanical engineer, a social worker and her public speaking skills, Zubaida Bai put her unique passion to work. In the process, she built a brand and a product line, and she set in motion a movement that addresses market failures, breaks taboos and gives voice to the oft-ignored matter that is women’s health.

Bai is the founder and CEO of ayzh (pronounced "eyes"), a social enterprise based in India that designs vital healthcare products to improve the health and happiness of women and girls across their reproductive lives. Bai launched her company with janma, a $3 clean birth kit in a purse, but her story goes further back to when she stood by her mother to face head-on the challenge of survival facing her family when she had just entered her teens.

janma was conceived after traveling to one of the poorest communities in India and confronting the reality that more than one million mothers and babies lose their lives in the developing world each year due to uncleanliness at the time of childbirth. Packaged in a pink biodegradable jute bag, a design that mothers can reuse as a purse, the kit provides both cleanliness and dignity. Since beginning sales in 2012, Bai's company has sold more than 250,000 kits to more than 300 health institutions in 20 countries, touching the lives of more than 500,000 women and newborns. Bai is now expanding her product line to include kits for newborn, postpartum and menstrual health, while scaling her proven model across India and into Africa.

Bai was selected as a Young Global Leader by the World Economic Forum, a Maternal Health Champion by Ashoka, a TED speaker (Fellow and Resident) and the United Nations SDG Pioneer by the United Nations Global Compact (UNGC). ayzh's strategic partners from around the world who have written about Zubaida's work: TOMS shared her safe birth story; USAID blogged about how she's empowering women through a simple purse; and Grand Challenges Canada recognizes her lead role in scaling life-changing kits for mothers and newborns.

Bai believes that building a sustainable company takes a great team, stamina and a sturdy suitcase. She is fluent in eight languages and travels the world forging new partnerships and advocating for women's health. She has spoken at events for Women in the World, Pfizer Foundation and Women Deliver. She holds a master's degree in mechanical engineering specializing in development of modular products, and an MBA in social and sustainable enterprises.

More profile about the speaker
Zubaida Bai | Speaker | TED.com

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