TED2010
Alan Siegel: Let's simplify legal jargon!
알란 시젤 (Alan Siegel): 법률 전문용어를 단순화 합시다!
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납세 신고 용지, 상업 신용 장약정서, 의료보험 법률제정: 그것들은 까다로운 표현으로 가득차 있고 이해할 수 없을 정도로 길다고, 알란 시젤 (Alan Siegel) 은 말한다. 그는 법률적 문서업무를 우리가 쉽게 이해할 수 있도록 간단하고 합리적으로 --또 평범한 영어로--다시 디자인할 것을 촉구한다.
Alan Siegel - Executive, simplicity guru
A branding expert and one of the leading authorities on business communication, Alan Siegel wants to put plain English into legal documents for government and business. Full bio
A branding expert and one of the leading authorities on business communication, Alan Siegel wants to put plain English into legal documents for government and business. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
So, basically we have public leaders,
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기본적으로 우리의 정부 관리나
00:18
public officials who are out of control;
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공무원들은 멋데로 행동합니다.
00:21
they are writing bills that are unintelligible,
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그들이 만든 법안들은 이해하기가 매우어렵죠.
00:23
and out of these bills are going to come
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이들 법령들 중에서는
00:25
maybe 40,000 pages of regulations, total complexity,
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4만 페이지가 넘기도 하며 매우 복잡합니다.
00:30
which has a dramatically negative impact on our life.
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이런 복잡한 법률들은 우리 삶에 나쁜 영향을 주죠.
00:33
If you're a veteran coming back from Iraq or Vietnam
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이라크나 베트남에서 귀향하는 참전 용사들은
00:37
you face a blizzard of paperwork to get your benefits;
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전후 위로금을 받기위해서 엄청난 서류작업을 해야합니다.
00:41
if you're trying to get a small business loan,
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소규모의 사업 대출을 받을 때도
00:43
you face a blizzard of paperwork.
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끔찍한 서류작업을 해야하죠.
00:45
What are we going to do about it? I define simplicity
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해결방법은 없는 걸까요? 단순화라는 것은
00:47
as a means to achieving clarity,
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의사소통 속에 인간성을 불어넣고
00:50
transparency and empathy,
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명확함과 투명성
00:52
building humanity into communications.
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동감을 얻기 위한 한 수단입니다.
00:55
I've been simplifying things for 30 years.
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저는 30년 동안 단순화 작업을 해왔습니다.
00:58
I come out of the advertising and design business.
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전 광고 디자인 분야에서 일을 해왔습니다.
01:01
My focus is understanding you people,
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주된 관심인 사람들을 이해하는 것
01:05
and how you interact with the government
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그들이 혜택을 받기 위한
01:07
to get your benefits,
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정부와 소통법
01:09
how you interact with corporations to decide whom you're going to do business with,
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협력사들과의 소통 법, 브랜드를 보는 법등에
01:12
and how you view brands.
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집중했습니다.
01:15
So, very quickly, when President Obama said,
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잠깐 언급하자면, 오바마 대통령이,
01:19
"I don't see why we can't
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"왜 아직도 한 페이지로 된 평이한 영어로 쓰여진
01:21
have a one-page, plain English consumer credit agreement."
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카드 명세서를 보지 못하는지 모르겠습니다." 라고 말했죠."
01:25
So, I locked myself in a room,
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그래서 저는 방에 틀어박혀서,
01:27
figured out the content,
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내용을 분석하고,
01:30
organized the document, and wrote it in plain English.
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개요를 구성하고, 쉬운 영어로 그것을 재구성했습니다.
01:33
I've had this checked by the two top
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그리고 소비자 신용 분야 전문 변호사
01:35
consumer credit lawyers in the country.
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두 분에게 감수도 받았습니다.
01:37
This is a real thing.
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이건 진짜입니다.
01:39
Now, I went one step further and said,
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좀 더 말씀드리자면,
01:42
"Why do we have to stick with the stodgy lawyers
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"우리가 왜 진부한 변호사들에게 메여서
01:44
and just have a paper document? Let's go online."
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종이 서류들에 집착 할 필요가 있나요? 온라인을 보죠"
01:48
And many people
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아마도 몇몇분들은
01:50
might need help in computation.
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복잡한 계산에 도움이 필요하실 겁니다.
01:52
Working with the Harvard Business School,
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하버드 경영 대학원과 일했을 때의
01:54
you'll see this example when you talk about minimum payment:
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카드 최소 상환액에 관한 예입니다.
01:58
If you spent 62 dollars for a meal,
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62달러를 식사비로 지불했다면
02:01
the longer you take to pay out that loan,
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최소 상환액만 지불하면서
02:04
you see, over a period of time using the minimum payment
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상환을 장기적으로 연기하면
02:06
it's 99 dollars and 17 cents.
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지불액은 99달러 17센트로 늘어납니다.
02:09
How about that? Do you think your bank is going to show that to people?
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어떻습니까? 은행들이 과연 이런 걸 사람들에게 공개할까요?
02:12
But it's going to work. It's more effective
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공개하지 않고도 잘 먹혀들어갑니다.
02:14
than just computational aids.
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계산기 보다 효과적이죠.
02:16
And what about terms like
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또 "한도초과" 같은
02:18
"over the limit"?
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용어는 어떤가요?
02:21
Perhaps a stealth thing.
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무슨 비밀의 단어같군요.
02:23
Define it in context. Tell people what it means.
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내용적으로 정의해서 사람들에게 알려주세요.
02:25
When you put it in plain English,
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쉬운용어로 바꿔 쓴다는 것은
02:27
you almost force the institution
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여러분이 기관들에게
02:29
to give the people a way, a default out of that,
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쉽게 설명하도록 압박을 가하는 것이며,
02:31
and not put themselves at risk.
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기관들도 문제를 피해갈 수 있죠.
02:33
Plain English is about
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쉬운 영어란
02:36
changing the content.
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내용을 바꾸는 것입니다.
02:38
And one of the things I'm most proud of
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그 중 제가 제일 자랑스럽게 생각하는 것은
02:40
is this agreement for IBM.
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IBM과 맺은 합의서입니다.
02:42
It's a grid, it's a calendar.
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그 합의서는 달력모양입니다.
02:44
At such and such a date, IBM has responsibilities,
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그 달력에는 어떤 날짜에 IBM의 의무와
02:46
you have responsibilities.
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고객들의 의무가 나와있습니다.
02:48
Received very favorably by business.
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이미 많은 기업에서 환영받고 있습니다
02:52
And there is some good news to report today.
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오늘 또 하나의 기쁜 소식을 알려드리겠습니다
02:54
Each year, one in 10 taxpayers
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매년 10명 중 한명의 납세자는
02:56
receives a notice from the IRS.
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IRS로부터 통지서를 받습니다
02:58
There are 200 million letters that go out.
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매년 2억통의 통지서가 날아갑니다
03:01
Running through this typical letter that they had,
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저는 이 전형적인 통지서를 살펴보면서
03:04
I ran it through my simplicity lab,
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저의 실험실에서 통지서를 분석했더니,
03:06
it's pretty unintelligible.
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굉장히 이해하기 힘들었습니다.
03:08
All the parts of the document in red are not intelligible.
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붉은색으로 표시된 부분이 의미가 불확실한 부분입니다.
03:12
We looked at doing over 1,000 letters that cover
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우리는 1,000 장 IRS 통지서를 쉬운 영어로 바꿨고,
03:14
70 percent of their transactions in plain English.
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이것은 약 70%의 IRS 서류를 포함합니다.
03:17
They have been tested in the laboratory.
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제 연구실에서 검사했었습니다.
03:19
When I run it through my lab,
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제가 실험실에서 검사해보니
03:21
this heat-mapping shows everything
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분석결과 문서의 대부분이 이해하기
03:23
is intelligible.
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쉬워졌습니다.
03:25
And the IRS has introduced the program.
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IRS (미국국세청)은 이것을 받아들였죠.
03:27
(Applause)
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(박수)
03:32
There are a couple of things going on right now
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지금 현재 벌어지고 있는 일 중
03:35
that I want to bring to your attention.
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제가 보여드리고 싶은 것이 있습니다.
03:37
There is a lot of discussion now
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현재 이슈가 되고 있는
03:39
about a consumer financial protection agency,
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소비자 재정 보호 에이전시와
03:41
how to mandate simplicity.
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단순화의 의무화에 대해서입니다.
03:43
We see all this complexity.
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우리는 복잡성에 대해 잘알고 있죠.
03:45
It's incumbent upon us,
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제가 생각할 때 우리와
03:47
and this organization, I believe,
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이 단체가 해야할 일은
03:49
to make clarity, transparency
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명확성, 투명성과
03:52
and empathy a national priority.
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동감을 국가의 최우선 과제로 삼는 것입니다.
03:55
There is no way that we should allow government
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우리는 정부가 그들이 의사소통하는 방식만을
03:57
to communicate the way they communicate.
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고수하도록 내버려 두어서는 안됩니다.
03:59
There is no way we should do business
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우리는 사업을 할 때,
04:01
with companies that have agreements
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복잡한고 이해하기 힘든 합의서를
04:04
with stealth provisions and that are unintelligible.
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사용하지 못하도록 해야합니다.
04:06
So, how are we going to change the world?
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어떻게 우리가 세상을 바꿀 수 있을까요?
04:08
Make clarity, transparency and simplicity a national priority.
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명확성, 투명성, 단순화를 국가우선과제로 삼아야합니다.
04:13
I thank you.
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감사합니다.
04:15
(Applause)
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(박수)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Alan Siegel - Executive, simplicity guruA branding expert and one of the leading authorities on business communication, Alan Siegel wants to put plain English into legal documents for government and business.
Why you should listen
Almost nothing so mundane renders as many beads of sweat on the foreheads of the citizens of the United States than the looming of April 15, the day of the dreaded yearly income tax mail-ins. But Alan Siegel says the better portion of that anxiety ain't necessarily the pay hit -- it's navigating the legendarily confusing jungle of jargon (and cluttered checkboxes) that constitutes the IRS's tax forms. It's more than a question of convenience to individuals, he emphasizes; as our society's systems get more complicated, the perplexing legal documents that make them run are becoming more of a drain, undermining our potential prosperity.
It's also a problem that's bigger than taxes; it's even bigger than the United States. Siegel, one of the world's foremost branding experts (he's founder and chairman of brand consultancy Siegel+Gale) notes that the world is suffering from an epidemic of legalese: fear of loopholes and lawsuits is forcing the world's attorneys, contract designers and EULA scribes to take their art form to historically impenetrable lows.
Better for us, Siegel has spent decades as a pioneer in the practice of simplification -- as he says, "bringing clarity to such daunting documents as insurance policies, bank loans, mutual fund agreements" and government communications. He hopes to transform the idea of document simplicity from a creative principle into an aggressive movement for change.
Siegel was recently director of a project for the IRS to simplify US income tax forms. He has written on the topic for the New York Times, Across the Board, and the National Law Journal.
Alan Siegel | Speaker | TED.com