TEDGlobal 2009
William Kamkwamba: How I harnessed the wind
William Kamkwamba: Kaip aš pasikinkiau vėją.
Filmed:
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Būdamas keturiolikos, skurde ir bade, berniukas iš Malavio pastatė vėjo jegainę, kad aprūpintų savo šeimos namus. Šiandien 22 metų Viljamas Kamkvambas antrą kartą TED scenoje savo paties žodžiais seka istoriją apie išradimą, pakeitusį jo gyvenimą.
William Kamkwamba - Inventor
To power his family's home, young William Kamkwamba built an electricity-producing windmill from spare parts and scrap -- starting him on a journey detailed in the book and film "The Boy Who Harnessed the Wind." Full bio
To power his family's home, young William Kamkwamba built an electricity-producing windmill from spare parts and scrap -- starting him on a journey detailed in the book and film "The Boy Who Harnessed the Wind." Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
Thank you.
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Ačiū.
00:15
Two years ago, I stood on the TED stage in Arusha, Tanzania.
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Prieš dvejus metus stovėjau TED scenoje, Arušoje, Tanzanijoje.
00:19
I spoke very briefly about one of my proudest creations.
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Aš kalbėjau labai glaustai apie vieną iš mano kūrinių, kuriuo didžiuojuosi labiausiai.
00:24
It was a simple machine that changed my life.
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Tai buvo paprastas aparatas, kuris pakeitė mano gyvenimą.
00:28
Before that time,
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Prieš tai
00:30
I had never been away from my home
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aš niekada nebuvau išvykęs iš savo namų
00:33
in Malawi.
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Malavyje.
00:36
I had never used a computer.
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Aš niekada nesinaudojau kompiuteriu.
00:38
I had never seen an Internet.
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Aš nebuvau matęs Interneto.
00:42
On the stage that day, I was so nervous.
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Scenoje tą dieną, aš buvau toks susijaudinęs.
00:47
My English lost,
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Mano anglų kalba dingo,
00:51
I wanted to vomit.
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mane pykino.
00:53
(Laughter)
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(Juokas)
00:57
I had never been surrounded by so many azungu,
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Aš dar nebuvau buvęs tarp tiek daug azungu -
01:01
white people.
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baltaodžių.
01:03
(Laughter)
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(Juokas)
01:06
There was a story I wouldn't tell you then.
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Tada nebūčiau Jums papasakojęs tokios istorijos.
01:09
But well, I'm feeling good right now.
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Na, bet dabar aš jaučiuosi puikiai.
01:12
I would like to share that story today.
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Ir aš norėčiau pasidalinti ta istorija šiandien.
01:15
We have seven children in my family.
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Mano šeimoje yra septyni vaikai.
01:17
All sisters, excepting me.
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Visos seserys, išskyrus mane.
01:21
This is me with my dad when I was a little boy.
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Čia aš su savo tėčiu, kai buvau mažas berniukas.
01:26
Before I discovered the wonders of science,
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Prieš man atrandant mokslo stebuklus,
01:29
I was just a simple farmer
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aš buvau tiesiog paprastas žemdirbys
01:31
in a country of poor farmers.
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neturtingų žemdirbių šalyje.
01:34
Like everyone else, we grew maize.
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Kaip ir visi mes auginome kukurūzus.
01:38
One year our fortune turned very bad.
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Vienais metais mums išties nesisekė.
01:43
In 2001 we experienced an awful famine.
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2001m. mes patyrėme siaubingą badą.
01:48
Within five months all Malawians began to starve to death.
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Nepraėjus penkiems mėnesiams, malaviečiai pradėjo mirti iš bado.
01:55
My family ate one meal per day, at night.
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Mano šeima valgydavo vieną kartą per parą, naktį.
01:59
Only three swallows of nsima for each one of us.
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Tik trys kasniai "nsima" kiekvienam iš mūsų.
02:03
The food passes through our bodies.
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Maistas tarsi pereidavo kiaurai mūsų kūnus.
02:05
We drop down to nothing.
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Sulysome iki nieko.
02:09
In Malawi, the secondary school,
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Malavyje, vidurinėje mokykloje,
02:12
you have to pay school fees.
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reikia mokėti mokyklos mokestį.
02:14
Because of the hunger, I was forced to drop out of school.
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Dėl bado buvau priverstas mesti mokyklą.
02:20
I looked at my father
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Aš pažvelgiau į tėvą,
02:22
and looked at those dry fields.
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ir į tuos išsausėjusius laukus.
02:24
It was the future I couldn't accept.
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Tokios ateities aš negalėjau priimti.
02:28
I felt very happy to be at the secondary school,
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Mokykloje aš jaučiausi laimingas.
02:32
so I was determined to do anything possible
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Taigi aš buvau pasiryžęs padaryti bet ką,
02:37
to receive education.
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kad gaučiau išsilavinimą.
02:39
So I went to a library.
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Taigi nuėjau į biblioteką.
02:41
I read books, science books, especially physics.
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Skaičiau knygas, mokslines knygas, ypač fiziką.
02:45
I couldn't read English that well.
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Tada nemokėjau gerai skaityti angliškai.
02:47
I used diagrams and pictures
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Aš naudojausi diagramomis ir paveikslėliais,
02:50
to learn the words around them.
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kad išmokčiau žodžius aplink juos.
02:55
Another book put that knowledge in my hands.
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Dar viena knyga suteikė man žinių.
02:59
It said a windmill could pump water and generate electricity.
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Buvo rašoma, vėjo jegainė gali pompuoti vandenį ir gaminti elektrą.
03:05
Pump water meant irrigation,
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Pompuoti vandenį reiškė drėkinimą.
03:08
a defense against hunger,
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Gynybą prieš badą,
03:10
which we were experiencing by that time.
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kurį mes patyrėme tuo metu.
03:14
So I decided I would build one windmill for myself.
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Taigi aš nusprendžiau pastatyti vėjo jėgainę.
03:18
But I didn't have materials to use,
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Bet aš neturėjau medžiagų.
03:21
so I went to a scrap yard
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Tai aš nuėjau į metalo laužyną,
03:23
where I found my materials.
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kur ir radau reikalingų medžiagų.
03:26
Many people, including my mother,
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Daug žmonių, įskaitant mano mamą,
03:30
said I was crazy.
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sakė, kad aš pamišęs.
03:32
(Laughter)
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(Juokas)
03:34
I found a tractor fan,
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Aš radau traktoriaus ventiliatorių,
03:36
shock absorber, PVC pipes.
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amortizatorių, PVC vamzdžius.
03:38
Using a bicycle frame
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Naudodamas dviračio rėmą
03:41
and an old bicycle dynamo,
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ir seną dviračio varikliuką,
03:45
I built my machine.
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aš pastačiau vėjo jegainę.
03:47
It was one light at first.
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Pradžioje buvo viena lemputė.
03:50
And then four lights,
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Vėliau keturios
03:53
with switches, and even a circuit breaker,
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su jungtukais ir net su saugikliu,
03:58
modeled after an electric bell.
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įtaisytu po elektros diržu.
04:02
Another machine pumps water
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Kita mašina pompuoja vandenį
04:06
for irrigation.
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žemės drėkinimui.
04:09
Queues of people start lining up at my house
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Eilės žmonių pradėjo rikiuotis šalia mano namų,
04:12
(Laughter)
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(Juokas)
04:14
to charge their mobile phone.
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kad pasikrautų savo mobiliuosius telefonus.
04:16
(Applause)
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(Plojimai)
04:20
I could not get rid of them.
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Negalėjau atsikratyti jais.
04:22
(Laughter)
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(Juokas)
04:24
And the reporters came too,
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Taip pat atvyko ir žurnalistai,
04:27
which lead to bloggers
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tai privedė prie "blogerių",
04:29
and which lead to a call from something called TED.
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o pastarieji - prie skambučio iš kažko, vadinamo TED.
04:34
I had never seen an airplane before.
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Aš niekada nebuvau matęs lėktuvo.
04:36
I had never slept in a hotel.
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Niekad nemiegojau viešbutyje.
04:39
So, on stage that day in Arusha,
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Taigi, tą dieną ant scenos Arušoje,
04:43
my English lost,
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mano anglų kalba pradingo,
04:46
I said something like,
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aš pasakiau kažką panašaus į:
04:49
"I tried. And I made it."
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"Pabandžiau. Ir padariau."
04:53
So I would like to say something
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Taigi, norėčiau pasakyti,
04:55
to all the people out there like me
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visiems žmonėms, tokiem kaip aš,
04:58
to the Africans, and the poor
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afrikiečiams, ir neturtingiesiems,
05:01
who are struggling with your dreams.
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kurie kovoja dėl svajonės,
05:05
God bless.
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telaimina jus Dievas.
05:07
Maybe one day you will watch this on the Internet.
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Galbūt vieną dieną Jūs žiūrėsite šį įrašą.
05:11
I say to you, trust yourself and believe.
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Aš sakau jums, pasikliaukit savimi ir tikėkit.
05:16
Whatever happens, don't give up.
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Kad ir kas benutiktų, nepasiduokit.
05:18
Thank you.
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Ačiū.
05:20
(Applause)
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(Plojimai)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
William Kamkwamba - InventorTo power his family's home, young William Kamkwamba built an electricity-producing windmill from spare parts and scrap -- starting him on a journey detailed in the book and film "The Boy Who Harnessed the Wind."
Why you should listen
William Kamkwamba, from Malawi, is a born inventor. When he was 14, he built an electricity-producing windmill from spare parts and scrap, working from rough plans he found in a library book called Using Energy and modifying them to fit his needs. The windmill he built powers four lights and two radios in his family home.
After reading about Kamkwamba on Mike McKay's blog Hactivate (which picked up the story from a local Malawi newspaper), TEDGlobal Conference Director Emeka Okafor spent several weeks tracking him down at his home in Masitala Village, Wimbe, and invited him to attend TEDGlobal on a fellowship. Onstage, Kamkwamba talked about his invention and shared his dreams: to build a larger windmill to help with irrigation for his entire village, and to go back to school.
Following Kamkwamba's moving talk, there was an outpouring of support for him and his promising work. Members of the TED community got together to help him improve his power system (by incorporating solar energy), and further his education through school and mentorships. Subsequent projects have included clean water, malaria prevention, solar power and lighting for the six homes in his family compound; a deep-water well with a solar-powered pump for clean water; and a drip irrigation system. Kamkwamba himself returned to school, and is now attending the African Leadership Academy, a new pan-African prep school outside Johannesburg, South Africa.
Kamkwamba's story is documented in his autobiography, The Boy Who Harnessed the Wind: Creating Currents of Electricity and Hope. A documentary about Kamkwamba, called William and the Windmill, won the Documentary Feature Grand Jury award at SXSW in 2013 (watch a trailer ). You can support his work and other young inventors at MovingWindmills.org.
William Kamkwamba | Speaker | TED.com