Tasso Azevedo: Hopeful lessons from the battle to save rainforests
Tasso Azevedo: Pełna nadziei lekcja z walki o ratowanie lasów tropikalnych
Tasso Azevedo has helped reduce the rate of deforestation in Brazil’s Amazon rainforest by 75 percent — and inspired similar efforts around the world. Full bio
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in Latin America about 500 years ago,
do Ameryki Łacińskiej 500 lat temu,
this amazing tropical forest.
that they had never seen before,
their attention very quickly.
you find a very dark red resin
z niego ciemnoczerwona żywica,
and dye fabric to make clothes.
do malowania, jak i farbowania tkanin.
this species pau brasil,
ten gatunek brezylką ciernistą,
"land of Brasil," and later on, Brazil.
"ziemią brezylki", a później Brazylią.
that has the name of a tree.
którego nazwa pochodzi od drzewa.
to be a forester in Brazil,
być leśniczym w Brazylii.
for climate regulation.
istotną rolę w regulacji klimatu.
of the evaporation that makes rain
70% oparów powodujących deszcze
20 billion tons of water every day.
20 miliardów ton wody dziennie.
which is the largest river in the world,
najdłuższa rzeka świata,
which is 17 billion tons.
czyli 17 miliardów ton.
the same effect as evapotranspiration,
żeby otrzymać tyle samo oparów,
power generation capacity of the world.
i całą światową produkcję energii.
about four billion hectares of forests.
4 miliardów hektarów lasów.
Canada and Brazil all together,
Chin, USA, Kanady i Brazylii,
is in the temperate zone,
jest w strefie klimatu umiarkowanego,
hectares, holds most of the biodiversity,
zapewnia największą bioróżnorodność
of the living biomass, the carbon.
six billion hectares of forest --
6 miliardów hektarów,
what we have -- 2,000 years ago.
Było to 2000 lat temu.
in the last 2,000 years.
przez ostatnie dwa tysiące lat.
we lost half of that.
from deforestation of temperate forests
lasów w sferze umiarkowanej,
of forest in the tropics
in temperate forests.
w lasach sfery umiarkowanej.
that we are having.
piece of this puzzle.
forest in the world, just after Russia.
obszar leśny po Rosji.
the world's forests are in Brazil,
świata znajduje się w Brazylii.
It's a very big, large area.
many of the European countries there.
kilka krajów europejskich.
of the forest cover.
pump that we have in the Amazon
tę ogromną pompę w Amazonii,
fast and accelerating
and the beginning of the 2000s.
i na początku XXI wieku.
square kilometers in one year.
of Costa Rica every year.
in the government.
in the National Forest Department,
and find out the causes of deforestation,
znalezienia przyczyn wylesiania,
at a national level,
the civil society,
władze lokalne, jednostki społeczne,
tackle those causes.
with 144 actions in different areas.
144 akcji w różnych kategoriach.
all of them one by one --
of what we had done in the next few years.
akcji podjętych w ostatnich latach.
with the national space agency
współpracę z narodową agencją kosmiczną,
where deforestation is happening,
we have this system, DETER,
or every two months,
where deforestation is happening
o aktualnych akcjach wylesiania.
when it's happening.
is fully transparent
in independent systems.
of logs that were illegally taken.
kłód drewna z nielegalnej wycinki.
and all the revenue becomes a fund
a zysk przeznaczono na fundusz
of local communities as an endowment fund.
to make a big operation
dużych operacji,
i nielegalnych działań.
including a lot of public servants.
włączając urzędników państwowych.
that areas that have been doing
any kind of credit or finance.
otrzymać pomocy finansowej.
and then linked this to the end users.
odcięliśmy kredytobiorców od pożyczek.
the slaughterhouses, and so on
from illegal clear-cut areas,
pochodzące z nielegalnej wycinki,
for the deforestation.
to push the problem down.
metodami, zmniejszaliśmy problem.
on land tenure issues.
of protected areas were created,
obszarów chronionych,
were indigenous lands.
należało do tubylców.
in Brazil 75 percent.
with the average deforestation
which is the size of Austria.
czyli obszar rozmiaru Austrii.
it avoided the emission
of CO2 in the atmosphere.
dwutlenku węgla do atmosfery.
to reduce greenhouse gas emissions,
emisji gazów cieplarnianych.
these kinds of actions
economic activity or something like that.
that it's quite the opposite.
the deepest decline of deforestation,
największego spadku wylesiania
double from the previous decade,
w porównaniu do poprzedniej dekady,
deforestation come down.
podczas spadku wylesiania.
and it's quite an achievement,
very proud about that.
the deforestation in the Amazon in 2013,
last year, just last year.
in the other biomes in Brazil,
z pozostałych biomów w Brazylii,
deforestation rate in the world.
tempo wycinek lasu na świecie.
we are forest heroes,
not even close to satisfied.
of forest cover in Brazil
pokrywy leśnej w Brazylii.
in the relationship
gas emissions come from deforestation,
cieplarnianych pochodzi z wylesiania.
a big part of the solution
to sink, capture and store carbon.
i magazynuje węgiel z atmosfery.
of climate and forests
między lasem i klimatem
and made me change my career
i spowodowała, że zmieniłem karierę
with climate change.
in British Columbia,
do Kolumbii Brytyjskiej,
the forest services of other countries
służb leśnych z innych krajów,
like Canada, Russia, India, China, U.S.
Chiny, USA, z którymi współpracujemy.
we learned about this pine beetle
o problemie z żukiem sosnowym,
the forests in Canada.
these are really dead trees.
na tym zdjęciu są martwe.
because of the larvae of the beetle.
z powodu larw chrząszcza.
the cold weather in the winter.
the sufficient cold weather
nie są wystarczająco zimne,
the population of this beetle.
that is really killing billions of trees.
that the forest is actually
że las jest pierwszą
victims of climate change.
ofiarą zmiany klimatu.
with all my colleagues
later on for climate change
z powodu zmiany klimatu,
on climate change,
the challenge, and go from there.
is pretty straightforward.
of the average temperature
średniej temperatury na świecie
to this limit of two degrees,
Panel on Climate Change,
Zespół do Zmian Klimatu,
of 1,000 billion tons of CO2
1000 miliardów ton dwutlenku węgla
by the number of years,
of 11 billion tons of CO2 per year.
11 miliardów ton dwutlenku węgla na rok.
running 20 kilometers a day,
samochód jeżdżący 20 km dziennie
or to London, one way.
albo do Londynu.
are 50 billion tons, and it's growing.
50 mld ton i liczba ta rośnie.
it will be 61 by 2020.
from seven to nine billion people,
z 7 do 9 miliardów,
from 60 trillion dollars in 2010
z 60 bilionów dolarów w 2010 roku
is to be much more efficient
from seven tons of carbon per capita
z 7 ton na osobę rocznie
into something like one.
You take the airplane or you have a car.
samochodem czy samolotem.
a plan to combat deforestation.
nad planem ratowania lasów.
Can we really do it?
Czy uda nam się?
of the greenhouse gas emissions
60% gazów cieplarnianych
less than 30 percent.
tackle deforestation,
w jaki skupiliśmy się na wylesianiu,
that I think we should do.
from carbon emissions.
rozwój od emisji węgla.
to actually get more jobs
wzrostu ilości miejsc pracy
when we decreased deforestation
kiedy zmniejszyliśmy wyrąb lasu,
in the energy sector.
w sektorze energetycznym.
the incentives to the right place.
we właściwy sposób.
goes into subsidies for fossil fuels.
na dotacje do paliw kopalnych.
and transfer this to the renewable energy?
odnawialne źródła energii.
and make it transparent
i udostępniać informacje,
is emitting greenhouse gases
gazy cieplarniane,
for each one of those opportunities.
the routes of development,
przeskoku w drogach rozwoju.
to go to the landline telephone
mieć telefonu stacjonarnego,
to go to fossil fuels
who don't have access to energy
between governments,
and we need to have everybody on board.
i wszyscy powinni w tym uczestniczyć.
as business as usual goes.
to actually change the route,
change the route.
with deforestation in Brazil,
z wycinką drzew w Brazylii,
with climate change in the world.
ze zmianą klimatu.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Tasso Azevedo - Forester and sustainability activistTasso Azevedo has helped reduce the rate of deforestation in Brazil’s Amazon rainforest by 75 percent — and inspired similar efforts around the world.
Why you should listen
Tasso Azevedo founded the Brazilian non-governmental organization Imaflora in 1995 to create alternatives to deforestation. It became the leading environmental certification institution in Brazil. In 2003 he was appointed as the first director general of Brazil's National Forest Service.
In that job, by showing how the health of the Amazon rainforest is directly connected to his country’s economic stability and energy security, he led the implementation of an innovative framework of incentives for sustainable forestry that contributed to reduce the ate of deforestation in the Amazon by 75 percent -- and Brazil's greenhouse gas emissions by one-third. Today, Azevedo is focused on addressing climate change globally.
Tasso Azevedo | Speaker | TED.com