Christiane Amanpour: How to seek truth in the era of fake news
Кристиан Аманпур: Как найти истину в эпоху ложных новостей
TV news legend Christiane Amanpour is known for her uncompromising approach to reporting and interviewing. Full bioChris Anderson - TED Curator
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
great to have you here.
Кристиан, мы вам очень рады.
that in the last few years,
что за последние несколько лет
developments that you're seeing.
событий, за которыми вы наблюдаете.
to the earlier speakers,
прослушав предыдущих докладчиков,
in what they've been saying:
cities, the threat to our environment
города, угроза окружающей среде
understanding the truth
сводится к пониманию истины
of what we're talking about
до истины того, о чём идёт речь,
of the science on climate
with a handful of deniers,
конкурируют с горсткой противников,
certainly this last year --
несколько лет и особенно прошлый год
in a way that's truly alarming
как очень тревожного явления,
to be thrown around.
которым повсюду разбрасываются.
between the truth and fake news,
правдивые новости от фальшивых,
difficult time trying to solve
решать те серьёзные проблемы,
in this question of,
what is impartiality,
правда и беспристрастность
reporting the Balkan Wars 25 years ago.
во время Балканской войны 25 лет назад.
one simply cannot be neutral about,
невозможно оставаться беспристрастным,
aren't heeding that advice
что современные журналисты
objectivity is the golden rule.
объективность — это золотое правило.
what objectivity means.
мы не понимаем, что значит объективность.
very young in my career,
начале своей карьеры,
violation, not just of human rights,
не просто с нарушением прав человека,
cleansing and genocide,
чисткой и геноцидом,
in the highest war crimes court
по военным преступлениям в мире.
what we were seeing
рассказать об этом миру,
trying to tell one story.
лишь половину правды.
was accused of siding with,
обвинили в принятии стороны,
who were being attacked
в меньшинстве и подверглись нападению
accused of this.
что такое объективность.
that what people wanted
деле общественность хотела
our democratically elected government's,
избранного народом правительства
of human rights --
that all sides are equally guilty,
обе стороны одинаково виновны,
of ethnic hatred,
slaughter and ethnically cleanse
решила убить, вырезать,
giving all sides an equal hearing
одинаковую возможность обеим сторонам
or a factual equivalence.
моральное или фактичное равенство.
that crisis point
of international and humanitarian law,
международного и гуманитарного права,
what you're seeing,
in the fake news paradigm,
an accomplice to genocide.
соучастником геноцида.
these propaganda battles,
the stand you took back then.
занять свою позицию.
совершенно по новому.
of the free world,
in the entire world,
of the United States --
country in the whole world,
и могущественной страны во всём мире
in every which way --
политическом и любом другом плане,
its values and power around the world.
свои ценности и власть во всему миру.
who only seek the truth --
тех, кто ищет правду;
looking for the truth
и ушами каждого человека,
in various parts of the world
в разные уголки планеты,
about things that are vitally important
которые жизненно важны
accusing you of fake news,
обвиняет вас в фальсификации новостей,
it starts to chip away
and maybe they're thinking,
возможно, думают:
of the United States says that,
Соединённых Штатов это говорит,
been critical of the media --
looking at the avalanche of information
взглянув на лавину информации,
and Facebook and so forth,
из Твиттера, Фейсбука и им подобных,
than they've ever been.
как никогда раньше.
будут говорить, что хотят,
will say what they'll say,
what they will say.
из нас может высказаться.
How is there an extra danger?"
В чём здесь опасность?»
upon which we get our information
с которых мы получаем информацию,
of truth and transparency
больше правды и прозрачности,
с точностью до наоборот.
the information superhighway,
говорить об информационной автостраде,
and all the rest of it,
сетей, Твиттера и остальных,
into certain lanes and tunnels
по конкретным направлениям и туннелям,
on areas of their own interest
только на своих интересах
общую картину целиком.
that with algorithms, with logarithms,
алгоритмов, логарифмов
channels of information,
по конкретным каналам информации,
about this phenomenon.
the internet came,
our access to more democracy,
станет больше демократии,
is incredibly dangerous.
of this country and you say things,
такой страны заявляет о подобных вещах,
undemocratic countries the cover
других, недемократичных, стран,
на нас с ещё большей силой
and their own journalists --
и своим собственным журналистам
is what happened, though,
media that you worked in
because they weren't credible,
как незаслуживающие доверия,
for publication and for amplification
публикации и распространения
excitement, click,
любопытство, кликабельность:
is that part of what's caused the problem?
причины, вызвавшей проблему?
and we saw this in the election of 2016,
мы видели это во время выборов 2016 года,
was very sexy and very attractive,
очень заманчивой и привлекательной,
and fake news items
and by happenstance being put out there,
in the creation of fake news
по созданию сфабрикованных новостей
in real space and in cyberspace.
мире, так и в киберпространстве.
причиной проблемы является
to proliferate this stuff
распространять информацию
or light, just about --
не видели ничего подобного.
such a massive amount of information
с таким огромным количеством информации,
leads them to abide by the truth,
придерживаться правды,
and a code of professional ethics.
и кодекс профессиональной этики.
знакомы с теми, кто работает в Фейсбук,
people who work at Facebook
with good intention --
с добрыми намерениями,
of those companies,
к лидерам этих компаний,
incredibly well-intentioned,
исключительно добрые намерения,
an unbelievable, game-changing system,
и очень влиятельную систему,
on this thing called Facebook.
под названием Фейсбук.
economy for themselves
огромную экономику,
to wake up and smell the coffee
to us right now."
a global community.
глобальное сообщество.
community going to look like?
сообщество будет собой представлять?
of conduct actually are.
подевались нормы поведения.
he probably believed this --
он наверняка в это верил, —
could be tinkering and messing around
могли что-то нахимичить
in the last few weeks?
за последние несколько недель?
a major problem in that regard,
существует серьёзная проблема,
and figure it out.
целое расследование, чтобы всё выяснить.
what they can now
сделать всё, что могут,
for a long, long time.
уже очень долгое время.
journalistic investigation --
журналистское расследование?
but somehow, you know --
они это сделают, но как-то
as a matter of warfare
в целях ведения борьбы
by other means, of hybrid warfare.
иными путями, гибридной борьбы.
where they've tried to interfere,
когда они попытались вмешаться,
right now, Emmanuel Macron,
Франции, Эмануэль Макрон,
and confronted it head on,
позицию противостояния,
from some of this, isn't there?
надежду, не так ли?
of it is also about technology,
ситуации многое зависит от технологий,
some kind of moral compass.
что-то вроде морального компаса.
but you know what I mean.
но вы понимаете, о чём я.
with a moral compass --
алгоритм с моральным компасом.
moral technology.
моральные технологии.
CA: You know what I mean.
КА: Вы меня понимаете.
with so many people across the world.
со многими людьми по всему миру.
I don't know if others feel this --
чувствуют ли это остальные, —
what's happened recently,
угодила лицом в грязь».
bites the dust."
impressed by, inspired by?
the world in crisis,
что в мире наступил кризис,
immersed in this crisis --
в этот кризис всю свою жизнь,
of a nervous breakdown.
vacuum of leadership,
образовался вакуум,
I ask all these --
I ask about leadership.
president of Liberia today,
в отставку президентом Либерии,
heads of an African country
лидеров африканских государств,
after her prescribed term.
после окончания срока правления.
to do that as a lesson.
чтобы её уход послужил примером.
of certain names,
of the new French president,
французкого президента
when I say his name?"
когда я произношу его имя?»
leadership vacuum."
пустующее место лидера».
an interview with him.
его первое международное интервью.
It was great. It was yesterday.
говорить это на открытом форуме,
saying that in an open forum,
it was his first interview,
что это было его первое интервью,
and you know what?
to-come-back-to-the-point.
renowned for doing,
to answer the question.
ответы на заданные вопросы.
I'm the listener.
nationalism and tribalism here today.
о национализме и трайбализме.
to confront the prevailing winds
смелости противостоять популярным веяниям
nationalism, populism
in the United States
in many European elections
во многих европейских выборах
on my continent,
на нашем континенте,
just for political expediency,
ради своей политической выгоды,
common denominator
общим знаменателем,
in other political elections.
других политических выборов.
who is a very dangerous woman.
а это очень опасная женщина.
достойны распространения?
into the minds of everyone here,
в каждом из здесь присутствующих,
where you get your information from;
к тому, откуда вы берёте информацию,
for what you read, listen to and watch;
что вы читаете, слушаете и смотрите;
brands to get your main information,
вы обращаетесь за основной информацией;
a wide, eclectic intake,
ли вы широкий, эклектический подход,
names that you know,
источников, которые вы знаете.
at this moment right now,
прямо сейчас, в этот самый момент,
our problems are so severe,
наши проблемы настолько серьёзные,
as global citizens
вести себя как граждане мира,
empirical evidence and facts,
эмпирические данные и факты,
going to be wandering along
to Emmanuel Macron
к Эммануэлю Макрону
enough love going around.
is the subject of global obsession."
объект пристального внимания».
или избранного лидера о любви,
or an elected leader about love.
he actually answered it.
он действительно ответил на вопрос.
she is part of me,
она часть меня,
to have somebody at home
чтобы дома был кто-то,
It's all about the truth.
к началу. Все дело в правде.
Ideas worth spreading.
Идеи, достойные распространения.
so much. That was great.
большое спасибо. Это было здорово.
CH: That was really lovely.
Крис: Нам было очень приятно.
ABOUT THE SPEAKERS
Christiane Amanpour - JournalistTV news legend Christiane Amanpour is known for her uncompromising approach to reporting and interviewing.
Why you should listen
Christiane Amanpour is CNN's chief international correspondent and anchor of the global a airs program "Amanpour," broadcast from the television network's London bureau. She's covered the most relevant conflicts of the last decades, exposing both the brutality and human cost of war and its geopolitical impacts. From the 1991 Gulf War to the siege of Sarajevo (the city later named her honorary citizen), from the 2003 American-led invasion of Iraq to the trial of Saddam Hussein the following year, Amanpour's fearless and uncompromising approach has made her popular with audiences, and a force to be reckoned with by global influencers.
During the Balkan wars, Amanpour famously broke with the idea of journalism neutrality by calling out human right abuses and saying that "there are some situations one simply cannot be neutral about, because when you are neutral you are an accomplice." Since her interview show "Amanpour" was launched in 2009, she's spoken to leaders and decision makers on the issues affecting the world today while continuing reporting from all over the world, including the 2010 earthquake in Haiti and the 2011 tsunami in Japan.
Christiane Amanpour | Speaker | TED.com
Chris Anderson - TED Curator
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading.
Why you should listen
Chris Anderson is the Curator of TED, a nonprofit devoted to sharing valuable ideas, primarily through the medium of 'TED Talks' -- short talks that are offered free online to a global audience.
Chris was born in a remote village in Pakistan in 1957. He spent his early years in India, Pakistan and Afghanistan, where his parents worked as medical missionaries, and he attended an American school in the Himalayas for his early education. After boarding school in Bath, England, he went on to Oxford University, graduating in 1978 with a degree in philosophy, politics and economics.
Chris then trained as a journalist, working in newspapers and radio, including two years producing a world news service in the Seychelles Islands.
Back in the UK in 1984, Chris was captivated by the personal computer revolution and became an editor at one of the UK's early computer magazines. A year later he founded Future Publishing with a $25,000 bank loan. The new company initially focused on specialist computer publications but eventually expanded into other areas such as cycling, music, video games, technology and design, doubling in size every year for seven years. In 1994, Chris moved to the United States where he built Imagine Media, publisher of Business 2.0 magazine and creator of the popular video game users website IGN. Chris eventually merged Imagine and Future, taking the combined entity public in London in 1999, under the Future name. At its peak, it published 150 magazines and websites and employed 2,000 people.
This success allowed Chris to create a private nonprofit organization, the Sapling Foundation, with the hope of finding new ways to tackle tough global issues through media, technology, entrepreneurship and, most of all, ideas. In 2001, the foundation acquired the TED Conference, then an annual meeting of luminaries in the fields of Technology, Entertainment and Design held in Monterey, California, and Chris left Future to work full time on TED.
He expanded the conference's remit to cover all topics, including science, business and key global issues, while adding a Fellows program, which now has some 300 alumni, and the TED Prize, which grants its recipients "one wish to change the world." The TED stage has become a place for thinkers and doers from all fields to share their ideas and their work, capturing imaginations, sparking conversation and encouraging discovery along the way.
In 2006, TED experimented with posting some of its talks on the Internet. Their viral success encouraged Chris to begin positioning the organization as a global media initiative devoted to 'ideas worth spreading,' part of a new era of information dissemination using the power of online video. In June 2015, the organization posted its 2,000th talk online. The talks are free to view, and they have been translated into more than 100 languages with the help of volunteers from around the world. Viewership has grown to approximately one billion views per year.
Continuing a strategy of 'radical openness,' in 2009 Chris introduced the TEDx initiative, allowing free licenses to local organizers who wished to organize their own TED-like events. More than 8,000 such events have been held, generating an archive of 60,000 TEDx talks. And three years later, the TED-Ed program was launched, offering free educational videos and tools to students and teachers.
Chris Anderson | Speaker | TED.com