Christiane Amanpour: How to seek truth in the era of fake news
Christiane Amanpour: Comment chercher la vérité à l'ère des fake news
TV news legend Christiane Amanpour is known for her uncompromising approach to reporting and interviewing. Full bioChris Anderson - TED Curator
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
great to have you here.
ravi de vous recevoir.
that in the last few years,
que les dernières années,
developments that you're seeing.
de développements alarmants.
to the earlier speakers,
les intervenants précédents,
in what they've been saying:
grâce à ce qu'ils ont dit :
cities, the threat to our environment
la menace envers notre environnement
understanding the truth
of what we're talking about
de ce dont nous parlons
of the science on climate
sur des preuves scientifiques,
with a handful of deniers,
avec quelques négationnistes,
certainly this last year --
certainement l'année dernière --
in a way that's truly alarming
d'une façon très alarmante
to be thrown around.
à utiliser un peu partout.
between the truth and fake news,
distinguer la vérité des fake news,
difficult time trying to solve
de difficultés à résoudre
auxquels nous faisons face.
in this question of,
dans cette question :
what is impartiality,
la vérité et l'impartialité
reporting the Balkan Wars 25 years ago.
des guerres des Balkans il y a 25 ans.
vous êtes connue pour avoir dit,
aux droits de l'Homme :
one simply cannot be neutral about,
où l'on ne peut pas être neutre
aren't heeding that advice
ne tiennent pas compte de ce conseil
objectivity is the golden rule.
l'objectivité est la règle d'or.
what objectivity means.
ce que signifie l'objectivité.
very young in my career,
au cours de ma carrière,
violation, not just of human rights,
non seulement des droits de l'Homme,
cleansing and genocide,
l'épuration ethnique et le génocide
in the highest war crimes court
de justice du monde.
what we were seeing
ce que nous observions
trying to tell one story.
une seule histoire.
was accused of siding with,
été accusée de prendre le parti,
who were being attacked
accused of this.
ce qu'était l'objectivité.
that what people wanted
que ce que voulaient les gens,
our democratically elected government's,
notre gouvernement élu démocratiquement,
of human rights --
that all sides are equally guilty,
tous les partis étaient autant coupables,
of ethnic hatred,
durait depuis des siècles,
slaughter and ethnically cleanse
de massacrer et de purifier ethniquement
giving all sides an equal hearing
équitablement tous les partis
de la même manière,
or a factual equivalence.
ou une équivalence factuelle.
that crisis point
situation de crise,
of international and humanitarian law,
des lois internationales et humanitaires,
what you're seeing,
ce que vous observez,
in the fake news paradigm,
dans le paradigme des fake news,
an accomplice to genocide.
d'un génocide.
these propaganda battles,
ont toujours existé
the stand you took back then.
une telle position à l'époque.
c'est d'une tout autre manière
semblent devenir fausses.
of the free world,
du monde libre,
in the entire world,
la plus puissante du monde,
of the United States --
country in the whole world,
le plus puissant du monde,
in every which way --
politiquement selon toutes mesures --
its values and power around the world.
ses valeurs et son pouvoir dans le monde.
who only seek the truth --
ne cherchons que la vérité --
looking for the truth
à travers le monde
in various parts of the world
aller dans divers endroits
about things that are vitally important
sur des sujets d'importance vitale
accusing you of fake news,
vous accuse de rapporter des fake news,
it starts to chip away
and maybe they're thinking,
et pensent peut-être :
of the United States says that,
been critical of the media --
montrés critiques envers les médias --
looking at the avalanche of information
considérant l'avalanche d'informations
and Facebook and so forth,
than they've ever been.
plus saines que jamais auparavant.
will say what they'll say,
what they will say.
How is there an extra danger?"
un danger supplémentaire ? »
upon which we get our information
où nous obtenons nos informations
of truth and transparency
de la vérité, de la transparence,
le contraire s'est produit.
the information superhighway,
de l'autoroute de l'information,
and all the rest of it,
Twitter et autres,
into certain lanes and tunnels
dans des files et des tunnels
on areas of their own interest
sur des zones d'intérêt propre
dans sa globalité.
that with algorithms, with logarithms,
les algorithmes, logarithmes,
channels of information,
d'informations spécifiques,
about this phenomenon.
au sujet de ce phénomène.
the internet came,
internet est arrivé,
our access to more democracy,
notre accès à plus de démocratie,
is incredibly dangerous.
incroyablement dangereux.
of this country and you say things,
de ce pays et dites des choses,
undemocratic countries the cover
dans des pays non démocratiques
and their own journalists --
ainsi que leurs journalistes,
is what happened, though,
ce qu'il s'est produit
media that you worked in
où vous avez travaillé
et de médiation
because they weren't credible,
car elles n'étaient pas crédibles,
for publication and for amplification
de publication et d'amplification
excitement, click,
l'excitation, les clics --
is that part of what's caused the problem?
and we saw this in the election of 2016,
nous l'avons vu pour les élections de 2016
was very sexy and very attractive,
était très attractive
and fake news items
et toutes ces fausses informations
and by happenstance being put out there,
aléatoirement et par hasard,
in the creation of fake news
de création de fake news
de l'Europe de l'Est
in real space and in cyberspace.
et dans le cyberespace.
to proliferate this stuff
à proliférer ces choses
or light, just about --
ou de la lumière, à propos --
such a massive amount of information
à un volume si massif d'informations
leads them to abide by the truth,
les mènent à se conformer à la vérité,
and a code of professional ethics.
et un code d'éthique professionnelle.
people who work at Facebook
des gens travaillant à Facebook,
with good intention --
avec de bonnes intentions --
of those companies,
de ces entreprises,
incredibly well-intentioned,
de très bonnes intentions,
an unbelievable, game-changing system,
incroyable et révolutionnaire
on this thing called Facebook.
sur ce truc appelé Facebook.
economy for themselves
to wake up and smell the coffee
de sentir l'odeur de café
to us right now."
a global community.
une communauté mondiale.
community going to look like?
cette communauté mondiale ?
of conduct actually are.
les codes de conduite.
he probably believed this --
il le croyait probablement --
could be tinkering and messing around
trifouiller et créer la confusion
in the last few weeks?
au cours des dernières semaines ?
a major problem in that regard,
and figure it out.
enquêter et comprendre.
what they can now
de faire ce qu'ils peuvent
for a long, long time.
pendant très longtemps.
en termes de technologie,
journalistic investigation --
l'investigation journalistique --
but somehow, you know --
comment ils font, mais d'une façon,
qui sont insérés
as a matter of warfare
dans un cadre de guerre
by other means, of hybrid warfare.
via d'autres moyens, la guerre hybride.
en France ni en Allemagne.
where they've tried to interfere,
où ils ont essayé d'interférer,
right now, Emmanuel Macron,
Emmanuel Macron,
a confronté cela directement,
and confronted it head on,
from some of this, isn't there?
à ce sujet, n'est-ce pas ?
peut-être deux,
of it is also about technology,
sont liées à la technologie,
some kind of moral compass.
une conscience morale.
but you know what I mean.
mais vous savez ce que je veux dire.
with a moral compass --
les conneries et avec une conscience --
moral technology.
une technologie morale.
CA: You know what I mean.
CAm : Vous me comprenez.
with so many people across the world.
à tant de gens à travers le monde.
I don't know if others feel this --
j'ignore si les autres partagent cela --
what's happened recently,
les événements récents,
bites the dust."
impressed by, inspired by?
the world in crisis,
immersed in this crisis --
immergés dans la crise --
of a nervous breakdown.
de la dépression nerveuse.
vacuum of leadership,
en terme de leadership,
I ask all these --
je questionne tous --
I ask about leadership.
je parle de leadership.
president of Liberia today,
extravertie du Liberia,
heads of an African country
d'un pays africain
after her prescribed term.
à la fin de leur mandat.
to do that as a lesson.
le faire pour que ça serve de leçon.
sur le leadership,
of certain names,
of the new French president,
du nouveau président français,
when I say his name?"
quand je dis son nom ? »
leadership vacuum."
actuel en terme de leadership. »
an interview with him.
sa première interview internationale.
It was great. It was yesterday.
lors d'une discussion ouverte,
saying that in an open forum,
it was his first interview,
sa première interview
and you know what?
et devinez quoi !
to-come-back-to-the-point.
pour en arriver au sujet.
renowned for doing,
to answer the question.
répondent à la question.
I'm the listener.
nationalism and tribalism here today.
de nationalisme et de tribalisme.
to confront the prevailing winds
avez-vous eu le courage
nationalism, populism
du nationalisme, du populisme
in the United States
in many European elections
dans beaucoup d'élection européennes
c'est la guerre.
on my continent,
just for political expediency,
pour l'opportunisme politique,
common denominator
commun le plus bas
in other political elections.
dans d'autres élections politiques.
who is a very dangerous woman.
qui est une femme très dangereuse.
into the minds of everyone here,
dans l'esprit de tous les gens présents,
where you get your information from;
quant à où vous tirez vos informations ;
for what you read, listen to and watch;
vous lisez, écoutez et regardez ;
brands to get your main information,
d'enseignes de confiance,
a wide, eclectic intake,
d'informations est vaste et éclectique,
names that you know,
que vous connaissez,
at this moment right now,
our problems are so severe,
nos problèmes sont si graves
as global citizens
en tant que citoyens du monde
empirical evidence and facts,
les preuves empiriques et les faits,
going to be wandering along
to Emmanuel Macron
enough love going around.
is the subject of global obsession."
est le sujet d'une obsession mondiale. »
Qu'est-ce que c'est pour vous ? »
or an elected leader about love.
à un président ou un dirigeant élu.
he actually answered it.
she is part of me,
ensemble depuis des décennies. »
to have somebody at home
d'avoir quelqu'un à la maison
It's all about the truth.
Tout est question de vérité.
Ideas worth spreading.
Des idées à partager.
so much. That was great.
merci beaucoup. C'était génial.
CH: That was really lovely.
CAn : C'était très agréable.
ABOUT THE SPEAKERS
Christiane Amanpour - JournalistTV news legend Christiane Amanpour is known for her uncompromising approach to reporting and interviewing.
Why you should listen
Christiane Amanpour is CNN's chief international correspondent and anchor of the global a airs program "Amanpour," broadcast from the television network's London bureau. She's covered the most relevant conflicts of the last decades, exposing both the brutality and human cost of war and its geopolitical impacts. From the 1991 Gulf War to the siege of Sarajevo (the city later named her honorary citizen), from the 2003 American-led invasion of Iraq to the trial of Saddam Hussein the following year, Amanpour's fearless and uncompromising approach has made her popular with audiences, and a force to be reckoned with by global influencers.
During the Balkan wars, Amanpour famously broke with the idea of journalism neutrality by calling out human right abuses and saying that "there are some situations one simply cannot be neutral about, because when you are neutral you are an accomplice." Since her interview show "Amanpour" was launched in 2009, she's spoken to leaders and decision makers on the issues affecting the world today while continuing reporting from all over the world, including the 2010 earthquake in Haiti and the 2011 tsunami in Japan.
Christiane Amanpour | Speaker | TED.com
Chris Anderson - TED Curator
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading.
Why you should listen
Chris Anderson is the Curator of TED, a nonprofit devoted to sharing valuable ideas, primarily through the medium of 'TED Talks' -- short talks that are offered free online to a global audience.
Chris was born in a remote village in Pakistan in 1957. He spent his early years in India, Pakistan and Afghanistan, where his parents worked as medical missionaries, and he attended an American school in the Himalayas for his early education. After boarding school in Bath, England, he went on to Oxford University, graduating in 1978 with a degree in philosophy, politics and economics.
Chris then trained as a journalist, working in newspapers and radio, including two years producing a world news service in the Seychelles Islands.
Back in the UK in 1984, Chris was captivated by the personal computer revolution and became an editor at one of the UK's early computer magazines. A year later he founded Future Publishing with a $25,000 bank loan. The new company initially focused on specialist computer publications but eventually expanded into other areas such as cycling, music, video games, technology and design, doubling in size every year for seven years. In 1994, Chris moved to the United States where he built Imagine Media, publisher of Business 2.0 magazine and creator of the popular video game users website IGN. Chris eventually merged Imagine and Future, taking the combined entity public in London in 1999, under the Future name. At its peak, it published 150 magazines and websites and employed 2,000 people.
This success allowed Chris to create a private nonprofit organization, the Sapling Foundation, with the hope of finding new ways to tackle tough global issues through media, technology, entrepreneurship and, most of all, ideas. In 2001, the foundation acquired the TED Conference, then an annual meeting of luminaries in the fields of Technology, Entertainment and Design held in Monterey, California, and Chris left Future to work full time on TED.
He expanded the conference's remit to cover all topics, including science, business and key global issues, while adding a Fellows program, which now has some 300 alumni, and the TED Prize, which grants its recipients "one wish to change the world." The TED stage has become a place for thinkers and doers from all fields to share their ideas and their work, capturing imaginations, sparking conversation and encouraging discovery along the way.
In 2006, TED experimented with posting some of its talks on the Internet. Their viral success encouraged Chris to begin positioning the organization as a global media initiative devoted to 'ideas worth spreading,' part of a new era of information dissemination using the power of online video. In June 2015, the organization posted its 2,000th talk online. The talks are free to view, and they have been translated into more than 100 languages with the help of volunteers from around the world. Viewership has grown to approximately one billion views per year.
Continuing a strategy of 'radical openness,' in 2009 Chris introduced the TEDx initiative, allowing free licenses to local organizers who wished to organize their own TED-like events. More than 8,000 such events have been held, generating an archive of 60,000 TEDx talks. And three years later, the TED-Ed program was launched, offering free educational videos and tools to students and teachers.
Chris Anderson | Speaker | TED.com