TEDGlobal>London
Ole Scheeren: Why great architecture should tell a story
Ole Scheeren: 點解每座建築物都會有個故事
Filmed:
Readability: 5
2,529,642 views
對建築師 Ole Scheeren 嚟講，住喺建築物嘅人同喺入面做嘢嘅人似乎都係建築物不可或缺嘅一部分，就好似水泥，鋼筋，玻璃咁。佢問：建築物之間可唔可以有合作同故事，而唔止得一般高樓大廈嘅疏離感同分類學上嘅名稱呢？參觀佢設計嘅五座建築物，包括一個位於中國嘅紐曲式大樓同泰國嘅水上電影院，並聽下佢哋背後嘅故事。
Ole Scheeren - Architect
Ole Scheeren designs buildings that generate both functional and social spaces. Full bio
Ole Scheeren designs buildings that generate both functional and social spaces. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
喺過去好幾個世紀
00:13
For much of the past century,
0
1166
1692
建築行業受一條著名理論魔咒所左右
00:14
architecture was under the spell
of a famous doctrine.
of a famous doctrine.
1
2882
2808
00:18
"Form follows function" had become
modernity's ambitious manifesto
modernity's ambitious manifesto
2
6396
3595
「型式追隨功能」呢個理論
一度成為當代最雄心勃勃嘅理念
同時又係個帶有不良影響嘅緊箍咒
00:22
and detrimental straitjacket,
3
10015
2253
呢句話雖然令建築唔再使講求裝飾功能
00:24
as it liberated architecture
from the decorative,
from the decorative,
4
12292
2969
但同時令建築走向
純功能同有限用途嘅方向
純功能同有限用途嘅方向
00:27
but condemned it to utilitarian rigor
and restrained purpose.
and restrained purpose.
5
15285
3901
00:32
Of course, architecture is about function,
6
20418
2706
當然，建築係講功能性
但我想重新演譯
Bernard Tschumi 呢句話嘅意思
Bernard Tschumi 呢句話嘅意思
00:35
but I want to remember a rewriting
of this phrase by Bernard Tschumi,
of this phrase by Bernard Tschumi,
7
23148
3667
00:38
and I want to propose
a completely different quality.
a completely different quality.
8
26839
2713
00:43
If form follows fiction,
9
31140
1973
如果「型隨小說」
00:45
we could think of architecture
and buildings as a space of stories --
and buildings as a space of stories --
10
33556
4183
我哋可以理解建築設計同建築物
為一個空間嘅故事
有關居住果度嘅人嘅故事
00:49
stories of the people that live there,
11
37763
2480
同埋裡面做嘢嘅人嘅故事
00:52
of the people that work
in these buildings.
in these buildings.
12
40267
2355
00:55
And we could start to imagine
the experiences our buildings create.
the experiences our buildings create.
13
43088
4015
我哋可以想像
我哋建築物留低俾人嘅印象
00:59
In this sense, I'm interested in fiction
14
47965
2603
因為噉樣，我對小說感興趣嘅原因
唔係因為佢夠虛幻，而係因為真實
01:02
not as the implausible but as the real,
15
50592
3578
就好似建築對住喺裡面嘅居民
嚟講嘅意義一樣
嚟講嘅意義一樣
01:06
as the reality of what architecture means
16
54194
1998
01:08
for the people that live
in it and with it.
in it and with it.
17
56216
2348
01:11
Our buildings are prototypes,
ideas for how the space of living
ideas for how the space of living
18
59666
3599
我哋嘅建築物都
可以話係一啲雛形、諗法
可以話係一啲雛形、諗法
話俾人聽我哋生活空間
01:15
or how the space of working
could be different,
could be different,
19
63289
2328
或者工作空間可以唔同
01:18
and what a space of culture
or a space of media could look like today.
or a space of media could look like today.
20
66728
3501
以至文化、媒體空間
喺現今世代可以係點嘅樣
喺現今世代可以係點嘅樣
01:23
Our buildings are real;
they're being built.
they're being built.
21
71246
2080
我哋嘅建築物係真嘅
佢哋係起出嚟
01:25
They're an explicit engagement
in physical reality
in physical reality
22
73350
2859
佢哋係實物同想法
01:28
and conceptual possibility.
23
76233
2128
01:32
I think of our architecture
as organizational structures.
as organizational structures.
24
80013
3754
我會將我哋嘅建築物諗成係組織嘅結構
01:36
At their core is indeed
structural thinking, like a system:
structural thinking, like a system:
25
84276
3628
佢哋核心係結構思想
就好似一個系統咁
01:39
How can we arrange things
in both a functional
in both a functional
26
87928
3151
我哋點樣令啲嘢
同時具有功能同實驗用途？
01:43
and experiential way?
27
91103
1765
01:46
How can we create structures
that generate a series
that generate a series
28
94188
2668
我哋點樣可以令到結構
帶出一系列關係同故事呢？
01:48
of relationships and narratives?
29
96880
2419
而喺建築物裡面嘅居民
01:51
And how can fictive stories
30
99672
1591
01:53
of the inhabitants and users
of our buildings
of our buildings
31
101287
2814
同用戶似小說一樣嘅故事
可以點樣幫棟建築物加添一啲嘅描述？
01:56
script the architecture,
32
104125
1952
01:58
while the architecture scripts
those stories at the same time?
those stories at the same time?
33
106101
3367
同時建築物可以影響返呢啲故事？
02:02
And here comes the second term into play,
34
110428
1985
第二個字係我叫做嘅「故事混合體」
02:04
what I call "narrative hybrids" --
35
112437
2238
02:06
structures of multiple
simultaneous stories
simultaneous stories
36
114699
2745
好多個同時進行嘅故事
喺我哋嘅建築物展開
02:09
that unfold throughout
the buildings we create.
the buildings we create.
37
117468
2730
02:12
So we could think of architecture
as complex systems of relationships,
as complex systems of relationships,
38
120706
4860
所以我哋可以想像建築物
喺程式上、功能上
02:17
both in a programmatic and functional way
39
125590
2816
實驗上、情緒性或者社會上
係一個複雜嘅關係嚟
02:20
and in an experiential
and emotive or social way.
and emotive or social way.
40
128898
4503
02:27
This is the headquarters
for China's national broadcaster,
for China's national broadcaster,
41
135187
2747
呢個係中國中央電視台嘅總部
呢棟建築物係我同 Rem Koolhaas 喺
02:29
which I designed together
with Rem Koolhaas at OMA.
with Rem Koolhaas at OMA.
42
137958
3141
大都會建築事務嗰陣一齊設計
02:33
When I first arrived in Beijing in 2002,
the city planners showed us this image:
the city planners showed us this image:
43
141882
4139
2002 年當我第一次到北京果陣
城市規劃員向我哋展示一張城市藍圖︰
02:38
a forest of several hundred skyscrapers
44
146045
2167
過百棟高樓大廈將會出現喺中央商業區
02:40
to emerge in the central
business district,
business district,
45
148236
2071
02:42
except at that time,
only a handful of them existed.
only a handful of them existed.
46
150331
2621
但當時只有為數唔多嘅大樓喺度
所以喺幾乎咩都唔知嘅情況下設計
02:45
So we had to design in a context
that we knew almost nothing about,
that we knew almost nothing about,
47
153389
3263
我哋只係知道，座建築會係垂直嘅
02:48
except one thing:
it would all be about verticality.
it would all be about verticality.
48
156676
3095
02:52
Of course, the skyscraper is vertical --
it's a profoundly hierarchical structure,
it's a profoundly hierarchical structure,
49
160366
4779
當然，高樓大廈都係垂直嘅
垂直式係其中一種嘅大廈類型
02:57
the top always the best,
the bottom the worst,
the bottom the worst,
50
165169
2416
頂部永遠係最好
底部永遠係最差
底部永遠係最差
似乎係，你起得越高就越好
02:59
and the taller you are,
the better, so it seems.
the better, so it seems.
51
167609
3163
03:03
And we wanted to ask ourselves,
52
171661
1509
我哋問自己
一棟建築物可唔可以
有一個完全唔同嘅特性？
有一個完全唔同嘅特性？
03:05
could a building be about
a completely different quality?
a completely different quality?
53
173194
2793
佢可唔可以擺脫以往思維
03:08
Could it undo this hierarchy,
and could it be about a system
and could it be about a system
54
176011
3953
佢可唔可以係黏埋一齊
03:11
that is more about collaboration,
rather than isolation?
rather than isolation?
55
179988
3224
而並非一支嘢孤零零呢？
03:15
So we took this needle
and bent it back into itself,
and bent it back into itself,
56
183236
3054
所以我哋將呢支針拗彎
03:18
into a loop of interconnected activities.
57
186314
2853
形成一個空間互通嘅環
03:21
Our idea was to bring all aspects
of television-making
of television-making
58
189866
3279
我哋想將電視製作嘅所有環節
融合到同一個結構裡面：
03:25
into one single structure: news,
program production, broadcasting,
program production, broadcasting,
59
193169
3987
新聞、節目製作、廣播
資料搜集、訓練、行政
03:29
research and training, administration --
60
197180
2222
全部活動可以係呢個圈入面進行
03:31
all into a circuit
of interconnected activities
of interconnected activities
61
199426
3668
03:35
where people would meet in a process
of exchange and collaboration.
of exchange and collaboration.
62
203118
3913
個個可以係度見面、交流同合作
03:39
I still very much like this image.
63
207959
1818
我仍然好鐘意呢幅圖
佢令我諗返起生物堂
03:41
It reminds one of biology classes,
if you remember the human body
if you remember the human body
64
209801
3123
如果你仲記得人體構造
各種器官同循環系統就好似一座建築咁
03:44
with all its organs
and circulatory systems, like at school.
and circulatory systems, like at school.
65
212948
2904
突然你會覺得建築物
03:47
And suddenly you think of architecture
no longer as built substance,
no longer as built substance,
66
215876
3997
唔單單係建築材料堆成嘅嘢
03:51
but as an organism, as a life form.
67
219897
2102
佢更加似一個生命體
03:54
And as you start to dissect this organism,
68
222436
2347
而當你開始剖析呢個生命體
你分辨到一系列嘅基本嘅技術部門
03:56
you can identify a series
of primary technical clusters --
of primary technical clusters --
69
224807
4729
節目製作部、廣播中心、新聞部
04:01
program production,
broadcasting center and news.
broadcasting center and news.
70
229560
2694
04:04
Those are tightly intertwined
with social clusters:
with social clusters:
71
232857
3480
佢哋同社交設施
例如會議室、餐廳、交談區
例如會議室、餐廳、交談區
係一齊、唔可以分開
04:08
meeting rooms, canteens, chat areas --
72
236361
3064
亦都係非正式場合俾人見面交流
04:11
informal spaces for people
to meet and exchange.
to meet and exchange.
73
239449
3084
04:15
So the organizational structure
of this building was a hybrid
of this building was a hybrid
74
243260
4238
所以呢個建築物嘅組織結構係種混合體
集技術、社交、人同表演於一身
04:19
between the technical and the social,
75
247522
2446
04:21
the human and the performative.
76
249992
1834
04:24
And of course, we used the loop
of the building as a circulatory system,
of the building as a circulatory system,
77
252333
3640
我哋利用環形嘅特點串聯每一樣嘢
04:27
to thread everything together
and to allow both visitors and staff
and to allow both visitors and staff
78
255997
3909
令訪客同員工都可以
喺呢個建築裡面體驗唔同用途
喺呢個建築裡面體驗唔同用途
04:31
to experience all these different
functions in a great unity.
functions in a great unity.
79
259930
3585
04:37
With 473,000 square meters,
80
265118
3060
473,000 平方米嘅建築面積
令佢成為全世界數一數二大嘅建築物
04:40
it is one of the largest buildings
ever built in the world.
ever built in the world.
81
268202
3011
裡面可以容納一萬人
04:43
It has a population of over 10,000 people,
82
271237
2668
冇錯，咁嘅規模超出咗我哋
04:45
and of course, this is a scale
that exceeds the comprehension
that exceeds the comprehension
83
273929
3586
對一般建築物嘅理解範圍
04:49
of many things and the scale
of typical architecture.
of typical architecture.
84
277539
2760
所以我們停工過一排
04:52
So we stopped work for a while
85
280323
1628
然後坐低，剪出一萬張貼紙仔
04:53
and sat down and cut 10,000 little sticks
and glued them onto a model,
and glued them onto a model,
86
281975
4305
將佢哋貼係一個模型上面
04:58
just simply to confront ourselves
with what that quantity actually meant.
with what that quantity actually meant.
87
286304
4023
只係單純咁想挑戰我哋自己
對數字真正嘅理解
對數字真正嘅理解
05:03
But of course, it's not a number,
88
291261
1610
但當然啦，最重要嘅唔係數字
05:04
it is the people, it is a community
that inhabits the building,
that inhabits the building,
89
292895
4609
而係人，生活喺呢棟大樓裡面嘅社群
為咗理解班人兼為建築物寫藍本
05:09
and in order to both comprehend
this, but also script this architecture,
this, but also script this architecture,
90
297528
4453
我哋創造咗五個虛擬人物
05:14
we identified five characters,
hypothetical characters,
hypothetical characters,
91
302005
3246
然後用一日時間睇下佢哋喺
呢棟大樓嘅生活動態
呢棟大樓嘅生活動態
05:17
and we followed them throughout their day
in a life in this building,
in a life in this building,
92
305275
4569
睇下佢哋會喺邊度見其他人
05:21
thought of where they would meet,
what they would experience.
what they would experience.
93
309868
2883
佢哋會經歷乜嘢
05:24
So it was a way to script and design
the building, but of course,
the building, but of course,
94
312775
3139
呢個係描繪同設計建築嘅方法
咁當然，都係一種體會佢嘅方式
05:27
also to communicate its experiences.
95
315938
2037
呢個係同現代美術館
05:29
This was part of an exhibition
with the Museum of Modern Art
with the Museum of Modern Art
96
317999
3288
喺北京同紐約搞嘅展覧
05:33
in both New York and Beijing.
97
321311
2308
05:36
This is the main broadcast control room,
98
324865
2199
呢度係廣播控制室
安裝要求相當大
05:39
a technical installation so large,
99
327088
1818
呢度可以同時播二百個頻道
05:40
it can broadcast over 200
channels simultaneously.
channels simultaneously.
100
328930
3332
05:45
And this is how the building
stands in Beijing today.
stands in Beijing today.
101
333643
3420
呢個係佢依家喺北京嘅外貌
05:49
Its first broadcast live
was the London Olympics 2012,
was the London Olympics 2012,
102
337801
3294
佢做嘅第一次直播係
2012 年倫敦奧運會
2012 年倫敦奧運會
嗰次之前，佢已經試過喺外面
05:53
after it had been completed
from the outside for the Beijing Olympics.
from the outside for the Beijing Olympics.
103
341119
4055
完成北京奧運嘅轉播
05:57
And you can see at the very tip
of this 75-meter cantilever,
of this 75-meter cantilever,
104
345998
4063
你可以喺 75 米懸臂嗰頂睇風景
呢三個細圓圈就係
06:02
those three little circles.
105
350085
1554
06:03
And they're indeed part of a public loop
that goes through the building.
that goes through the building.
106
351663
3501
貫穿整棟大樓嘅開放迴廊嘅一部分
佢哋用玻璃做
06:07
They're a piece of glass
that you can stand on
that you can stand on
107
355188
2552
你可以企喺上面俯瞰你腳下
成個城市慢慢運作
成個城市慢慢運作
06:09
and watch the city pass by
below you in slow motion.
below you in slow motion.
108
357764
4103
06:15
The building has become
part of everyday life in Beijing.
part of everyday life in Beijing.
109
363524
3250
呢棟建築已經係北京生活嘅一部分
佢就係果度
06:18
It is there.
110
366798
1491
佢亦將變成咗北京
06:20
It has also become a very popular backdrop
111
368313
3088
一個相當受歡迎嘅婚禮攝影場地
06:23
for wedding photography.
112
371425
1485
06:24
(Laughter)
113
372934
2862
（笑聲）
06:30
But its most important moment
is maybe sill this one.
is maybe sill this one.
114
378621
2974
但最重要嘅時刻可能係
當呢本《城市漫步》嘅週刊
當呢本《城市漫步》嘅週刊
一本似倫敦《Time Out》嘅週刊
06:33
"That's Beijing" is similar to "Time Out,"
115
381619
2054
06:35
a magazine that broadcasts what
is happening in town during the week,
is happening in town during the week,
116
383697
4850
描述嗰個星期城市發生咗咩事
突然間你會發現
06:40
and suddenly you see the building
portrayed no longer as physical matter,
portrayed no longer as physical matter,
117
388571
4963
呢棟大樓唔單止只係一棟大樓
佢仲同時扮演梗城市嘅一員
06:45
but actually as an urban actor,
118
393558
1515
06:47
as part of a series of personas
that define the life of the city.
that define the life of the city.
119
395097
4689
決定咗呢個城市嘅生活
建築設計突然間有咗人嘅特徵
06:52
So architecture suddenly
assumes the quality of a player,
assumes the quality of a player,
120
400987
4910
06:57
of something that writes stories
and performs stories.
and performs stories.
121
405921
3923
好似作家咁寫故事、表達故事
而我認為呢樣可以成為
07:02
And I think that could be one
of its primary meanings
of its primary meanings
122
410619
4312
其中一個我哋相信嘅建築嘅基本意義
07:06
that we believe in.
123
414955
1247
呢棟大樓仲有另一個故事
07:08
But of course, there's another
story to this building.
story to this building.
124
416226
2611
就係建造佢嘅人嘅故事
07:10
It is the story of the people
that made it --
that made it --
125
418861
2929
四百個由我帶領幾乎超過十年
嘅工程師同建築師
嘅工程師同建築師
07:13
400 engineers and architects
that I was guiding
that I was guiding
126
421814
2818
07:16
over almost a decade of collaborative work
127
424656
2591
07:19
that we spent together
in scripting this building,
in scripting this building,
128
427271
2967
我們一齊起呢棟大樓
想像佢成真
07:22
in imagining its reality
129
430262
1906
到最後終於喺中國內地將佢起好
07:24
and ultimately getting it built in China.
130
432192
3291
07:29
This is a residential development
in Singapore, large scale.
in Singapore, large scale.
131
437737
4356
呢個係一個係新加坡嘅大型住宅項目
07:34
If we look at Singapore like most of Asia
and more and more of the world,
and more and more of the world,
132
442541
4230
如果我哋睇下新加坡
佢同亞洲多數地方
同全世界好多地方一樣
同全世界好多地方一樣
07:38
of course, it is dominated by the tower,
133
446795
3547
都係以高樓大廈為主
一種普遍現象係
07:42
a typology that indeed creates
more isolation than connectedness,
more isolation than connectedness,
134
450366
4521
呢類型嘅大廈營造咗疏離感
而唔係聯繫感
而唔係聯繫感
07:46
and I wanted to ask, how
could we think about living,
could we think about living,
135
454911
3211
而我想問
我哋可以點樣唔單止將住宅睇成係
自己既私隱、個人同住所
自己既私隱、個人同住所
07:50
not only in terms of the privacy
and individuality of ourselves
and individuality of ourselves
136
458146
3825
07:53
and our apartment,
137
461995
1436
以至係一種集體嘅嘢 ?
07:55
but in an idea of a collective?
138
463455
2636
我哋要諗下點創造
一個促進社區交流嘅環境
一個促進社區交流嘅環境
07:58
How could we think about creating
a communal environment
a communal environment
139
466115
3399
08:01
in which sharing things was as great
as having your own?
as having your own?
140
469538
3888
令你樂意同人分享自己嘅嘢 ?
08:06
The typical answer to the question --
we had to design 1,040 apartments --
we had to design 1,040 apartments --
141
474664
4696
典型嘅解答係
我哋要設計出 1,040 間公寓
08:11
would have looked like this:
142
479384
1357
外型就好似咁︰
當地政府法例限制樓宇只可以有 24 層高
08:12
24-story height limit given
by the planning authorities,
by the planning authorities,
143
480765
2746
12 棟大樓咩都冇
08:15
12 towers with nothing
but residual in between --
but residual in between --
144
483535
3974
之間只有用剩嘅土地
相當緊密的格局
08:19
a very tight system that,
although the tower isolates you,
although the tower isolates you,
145
487533
2913
雖然住樓可以將你同其他人分隔開
但根本俾唔到你私隱
08:22
it doesn't even give you privacy,
because you're so close to the next one,
because you're so close to the next one,
146
490470
3507
因為你離隔籬鄰居係好近
08:26
that it is very questionable
what the qualities of this would be.
what the qualities of this would be.
147
494001
3290
亦令人非常質疑住樓嘅質素
08:30
So I proposed to topple the towers,
throw the vertical into the horizontal
throw the vertical into the horizontal
148
498488
4294
所以，我建議推淋晒大廈
將垂直設計改做水平設計
08:34
and stack them up,
149
502806
1790
將佢哋堆砌起嚟
從側面睇係不規則嘅
08:36
and what looks a bit random from the side,
150
504620
2547
如果你搭直升機睇落去
08:39
if you look from the viewpoint
of the helicopter,
of the helicopter,
151
507191
2794
你可以睇到佢嘅組織結構
08:42
you can see its organizational structure
is actually a hexagonal grid,
is actually a hexagonal grid,
152
510009
4729
水平建築物擺埋一齊會形成六邊形
08:46
in which these horizontal
building blocks are stacked up
building blocks are stacked up
153
514762
3737
務求中間有一個大嘅花園
08:50
to create huge outdoor courtyards --
central spaces for the community,
central spaces for the community,
154
518523
5069
有著好多設施同功能
08:55
programmed with a variety
of amenities and functions.
of amenities and functions.
155
523616
3356
08:59
And you see that these courtyards
are not hermetically sealed spaces.
are not hermetically sealed spaces.
156
527800
3287
呢啲花園並唔係密閉空間
佢哋係開放、通透、互通嘅
09:03
They're open, permeable;
they're interconnected.
they're interconnected.
157
531111
2492
我們叫呢個項目做「交錯」
09:05
We called the project "The Interlace,"
158
533627
2224
好似我哋將人連埋一齊
09:07
thinking that we interlace
and interconnect
and interconnect
159
535875
2974
09:10
the human beings and the spaces alike.
160
538873
2915
空間都係一樣
09:14
And the detailed quality
of everything we designed
of everything we designed
161
542502
2891
我們設計嘅每樣細節都係想活化空間
09:17
was about animating the space
and giving the space to the inhabitants.
and giving the space to the inhabitants.
162
545417
3832
還居民空間
09:21
And, in fact, it was a system
163
549273
1397
事實上，呢個系統裏面
09:22
where we would layer
primarily communal spaces,
primarily communal spaces,
164
550694
3468
我哋既會強調公共空間
又會重視私人空間
09:26
stacked to more and more
individual and private spaces.
individual and private spaces.
165
554186
3960
所以，我哋帶出咗
09:30
So we would open up a spectrum
166
558662
1843
大眾同個人嘅概念
09:32
between the collective and the individual.
167
560529
3190
09:36
A little piece of math:
168
564203
1151
有一個小小嘅數學題 :
09:37
if we count all the green
that we left on the ground,
that we left on the ground,
169
565378
2551
如果我哋將所有
喺地面上嘅綠色植物面積
喺地面上嘅綠色植物面積
扣除掉建築物佔地面積
09:39
minus the footprint of the buildings,
170
567953
2085
然後加上所有有綠色植物嘅露台面積
09:42
and we would add back
the green of all the terraces,
the green of all the terraces,
171
570062
3427
09:45
we have 112 percent green space,
172
573513
2054
我哋會得出 112% 嘅綠色覆蓋率
09:47
so more nature than not
having built a building.
having built a building.
173
575591
2483
比起唔起樓仲要有更多嘅自然空間
09:50
And of course this little piece of math
shows you that we are multiplying
shows you that we are multiplying
174
578463
4002
當然，呢個小小嘅數學題說明咗
我哋將有人住嘅空間都乘埋入去
09:54
the space available
to those who live there.
to those who live there.
175
582489
2857
09:57
This is, in fact, the 13th floor
of one of these terraces.
of one of these terraces.
176
585830
3184
呢度係其中一棟樓嘅 13 樓
你會見到為社交活動而設嘅
新基準平面、新地平面
新基準平面、新地平面
10:01
So you see new datum planes,
new grounds planes for social activity.
new grounds planes for social activity.
177
589038
4619
10:06
We paid a lot of attention
to sustainability.
to sustainability.
178
594792
2938
我哋好注重可持續發展
10:10
In the tropics, the sun is the most
important thing to pay attention to,
important thing to pay attention to,
179
598212
3579
喺熱帶地區，太陽係最必須留意嘅嘢
10:13
and, in fact, it is seeking
protection from the sun.
protection from the sun.
180
601815
3062
而遮蔽陽光係建築需要做嘅嘢
我哋首先會確認所有公寓大樓
10:16
We first proved that all apartments
would have sufficient daylight
would have sufficient daylight
181
604901
3137
一年內有足夠嘅太陽
10:20
through the year.
182
608062
1173
10:21
We then went on to optimize
the glazing of the facades
the glazing of the facades
183
609648
2661
然後我們優化外牆嘅玻璃
減少建築物嘅能源消耗
10:24
to minimize the energy
consumption of the building.
consumption of the building.
184
612333
2569
10:27
But most importantly, we could prove
that through the geometry
that through the geometry
185
615981
3415
但最重要，我哋可以透過大廈嘅座向
證明真係做到能源效益
10:31
of the building design,
186
619420
1576
建築物本身提供足夠嘅遮陰俾中庭花園
10:33
the building itself would provide
sufficient shading to the courtyards
sufficient shading to the courtyards
187
621020
3362
所以花園成年都可以開放俾人
10:36
so that those would be usable
throughout the entire year.
throughout the entire year.
188
624406
3002
我哋沿著主風廊設置咗水槽
10:39
We further placed water bodies
along the prevailing wind corridors,
along the prevailing wind corridors,
189
627432
3478
水蒸發可以冷卻環境
10:42
so that evaporative cooling
would create microclimates
would create microclimates
190
630934
3720
仲會形成一個微型氣候
10:46
that, again, would enhance
the quality of those spaces
the quality of those spaces
191
634678
3485
噉就可以改善居民居住嘅質素
10:50
available for the inhabitants.
192
638187
2411
10:53
And it was the idea of creating
this variety of choices,
this variety of choices,
193
641773
3746
呢款樓令你有得揀
喺建築物之內想去邊都得
10:57
of freedom to think
where you would want to be,
where you would want to be,
194
645543
4073
11:01
where you would want to escape, maybe,
195
649640
1904
11:03
within the own complexity
of the complex in which you live.
of the complex in which you live.
196
651568
3818
11:09
But coming from Asia to Europe:
197
657036
2040
宜家離開亞洲，去到歐洲
我哋見到一座建築
11:11
a building for a German
media company based in Berlin,
media company based in Berlin,
198
659100
3856
佢係屬於一間位於柏林
11:14
transitioning from the traditional
print media to the digital media.
print media to the digital media.
199
662980
4420
啱啱由傳統印刷媒體轉型到
數碼媒體嘅德國公司
數碼媒體嘅德國公司
11:19
And its CEO asked a few
very pertinent questions:
very pertinent questions:
200
667830
2864
公司執行董事問咗幾個好中肯嘅問題
11:23
Why would anyone today
still want to go to the office,
still want to go to the office,
201
671146
2605
點解依家每個人仍然會去寫字樓番工
即使佢地其實可以喺任何地方做嘢 ?
11:25
because you can actually work anywhere?
202
673775
2189
一個公司嘅數碼形象
11:27
And how could a digital identity
of a company be embodied
of a company be embodied
203
675988
3873
可以點樣喺建築物上面表現出嚟 ?
11:31
in a building?
204
679885
1151
11:34
We created not only an object,
but at the center of this object
but at the center of this object
205
682147
3823
我哋創作嘅唔只係一件物件
我哋仲喺物件嘅中間整咗個大空間
11:37
we created a giant space,
206
685994
1595
11:39
and this space was about
the experience of a collective,
the experience of a collective,
207
687613
3674
呢個空間係關於集體嘅經驗
11:43
the experience of collaboration
and of togetherness.
and of togetherness.
208
691311
2867
合作同一齊嘅經歷
11:47
Communication, interaction
as the center of a space
as the center of a space
209
695011
3615
溝通、互動係空間嘅核心
溝通、互動會自動喺中間
11:50
that in itself would float,
210
698650
2539
11:53
like what we call the collaborative cloud,
211
701213
2112
就好似係我哋所講嘅
「合作雲端」喺建築物中間
「合作雲端」喺建築物中間
11:55
in the middle of the building,
212
703349
1508
被好多個標準模組嘅辦公室包圍
11:56
surrounded by an envelope
of standard modular offices.
of standard modular offices.
213
704881
3388
只要由你安靜嘅辦公枱行幾步
12:00
So with only a few steps
from your quiet work desk,
from your quiet work desk,
214
708944
3150
你就可以喺核心空間入面
經歷好多共同嘅事
經歷好多共同嘅事
12:04
you could participate
in the giant collective experience
in the giant collective experience
215
712118
3727
12:07
of the central space.
216
715869
1629
12:12
Finally, we come to London,
a project commissioned
a project commissioned
217
720159
3579
最後，我哋嚟到倫敦
一個由倫敦市長委任開發公司嘅項目
12:15
by the London Legacy
Development Corporation
Development Corporation
218
723762
2578
12:18
of the Mayor of London.
219
726364
1429
12:20
We were asked to undertake a study
220
728309
2188
佢哋要求我哋研究
Stratford 奧運公園嘅土地開發潛力
12:22
and investigate the potential of a site
221
730521
2792
12:25
out in Stratford in the Olympic Park.
222
733337
2471
12:28
In the 19th century, Prince Albert
had created Albertopolis.
had created Albertopolis.
223
736229
3584
十九世紀，Albert 王子建立咗 Albert 城
而 Boris Johnson 就想建立奧林匹克城
12:32
And Boris Johnson thought
of creating Olympicopolis.
of creating Olympicopolis.
224
740513
3738
12:37
The idea was to bring together
some of Britain's greatest institutions,
some of Britain's greatest institutions,
225
745211
4272
個想法係將一啲英國最大既機構
同一啲國際機構擺埋一齊
12:41
some international ones,
and to create a new system of synergies.
and to create a new system of synergies.
226
749507
3860
創造一個新嘅協同效益系統
當時十九世紀 Albert 王子建立 Albert 城
12:45
Prince Albert, as yet, created
Albertopolis in the 19th century,
Albertopolis in the 19th century,
227
753803
4524
係想展示人類嘅成就
12:50
thought of showcasing
all achievements of mankind,
all achievements of mankind,
228
758351
2463
同埋想將藝術同科學放埋一齊
12:52
bringing arts and science closer together.
229
760838
2800
12:56
And he built Exhibition Road,
a linear sequence of those institutions.
a linear sequence of those institutions.
230
764082
4674
佢仲起咗一條路叫展覧路
機構按次序進駐條路
當然，依家社會已經比當時進步咗好多
13:01
But of course, today's society
has moved on from there.
has moved on from there.
231
769836
3691
我哋唔再係活喺一個
13:05
We no longer live in a world
232
773551
1956
每樣嘢都界定清楚嘅世界
13:07
in which everything
is as clearly delineated
is as clearly delineated
233
775531
2680
13:10
or separated from each other.
234
778235
1502
我哋生活係一個
13:11
We live in a world in which
boundaries start to blur
boundaries start to blur
235
779761
3389
領域分類開始模糊嘅世界
13:15
between the different domains,
236
783174
1468
一個合作同互動遠比保持分開
更加緊要嘅世界
更加緊要嘅世界
13:16
and in which collaboration and interaction
becomes far more important
becomes far more important
237
784666
3990
13:20
than keeping separations.
238
788680
1784
13:23
So we wanted to think
of a giant culture machine,
of a giant culture machine,
239
791408
3019
所以我哋想建立一個大型嘅文化機器
即係一座會協調並賦予
13:26
a building that would orchestrate
and animate the various domains,
and animate the various domains,
240
794451
4777
唔同領域生命嘅建築物
13:31
but allow them to interact
and collaborate.
and collaborate.
241
799252
3054
但建築物同時又容許
領域之間互動同合作
13:35
At the base of it is a very simple module,
242
803211
2105
而建築物底部係一個非常簡單嘅模組
一個環形模組
13:37
a ring module.
243
805340
1151
佢有一條內廊式走廊，有日照同通風
13:38
It can function as a double-loaded
corridor, has daylight, has ventilation.
corridor, has daylight, has ventilation.
244
806515
3643
佢係通透嘅
13:42
It can be glazed over
245
810182
1151
噉就可以變成一個大型展覽表演嘅空間
13:43
and turned into a giant
exhibitional performance space.
exhibitional performance space.
246
811357
2873
呢啲模組堆砌埋一齊
13:46
These modules were stacked together
247
814254
2125
大部分活動都可以
用任何一個呢啲嘅模組
用任何一個呢啲嘅模組
13:48
with the idea that almost any
function could, over time,
function could, over time,
248
816403
3762
13:52
occupy any of these modules.
249
820189
1737
13:53
So institutions could shrink or contract,
250
821950
3116
機構就可以咁而縮細規模
因為喺未來，文化某種程度嚟講
13:57
as, of course, the future of culture
is, in a way, the most uncertain of all.
is, in a way, the most uncertain of all.
251
825090
4721
係最無法預測嘅一樣嘢
14:02
This is how the building sits,
adjacent to the Aquatics Centre,
adjacent to the Aquatics Centre,
252
830733
2955
呢棟建築將坐落水上運動中心隔嚟
14:05
opposite the Olympic Stadium.
253
833712
1951
喺奧運會場對面
14:08
And you can see how
its cantilevering volumes
its cantilevering volumes
254
836608
2333
你可以睇到佢嘅懸臂式空間係點
伸延同融入咗公眾空間
14:10
project out and engage the public space
255
838965
2790
同佢嘅中庭係點帶俾公眾娛樂
14:13
and how its courtyards
animate the public inside.
animate the public inside.
256
841779
3701
14:19
The idea was to create a complex system
257
847313
3228
個諗法係創造一個複雜嘅系統
俾裡面嘅機構可以維持佢哋嘅形象
14:22
in which institutional entities
could maintain their own identity,
could maintain their own identity,
258
850565
4888
但又唔會被當係建築物
大空間嘅一小部分
大空間嘅一小部分
14:27
in which they would not
be subsumed in a singular volume.
be subsumed in a singular volume.
259
855477
2933
呢個係同法國巴黎
龐畢藝術中心嘅比例對照圖
龐畢藝術中心嘅比例對照圖
14:30
Here's a scale comparison
to the Centre Pompidou in Paris.
to the Centre Pompidou in Paris.
260
858434
3166
14:33
It both shows the enormous scale
and potential of the project,
and potential of the project,
261
861624
3365
顯示出呢個項目嘅龐大規模同潛力
但都有唔一樣嘅地方
14:37
but also the difference:
262
865013
1287
佢係一個多重合成建築物
14:38
here, it is a multiplicity
of a heterogeneous structure,
of a heterogeneous structure,
263
866324
4175
裡面唔同嘅機構可以互動
14:42
in which different entities can interact
264
870523
2511
而又同時不失佢哋嘅形象
14:45
without losing their own identity.
265
873058
2459
個諗法係咁嘅：創造一個組織結構
14:48
And it was this thought: to create
an organizational structure
an organizational structure
266
876395
3950
可以令唔同故事都可以描述出嚟
14:52
that would allow for multiple
narratives to be scripted --
narratives to be scripted --
267
880369
2833
包括從事教育同創造文化嘅人
14:55
for those in the educational parts
that create and think culture;
that create and think culture;
268
883226
5454
表演視覺藝術、舞蹈嘅人
15:00
for those that present
the visual arts, the dance;
the visual arts, the dance;
269
888704
3506
以及公眾，俾佢哋用唔同方式欣賞呢啲嘢
15:04
and for the public to be
admitted into all of this
admitted into all of this
270
892234
2809
15:07
with a series of possible trajectories,
271
895067
2646
然後由呢幾批人闡述佢哋
15:09
to script their own reading
of these narratives
of these narratives
272
897737
2732
對呢啲故事嘅理解同本身嘅經歷
15:12
and their own experience.
273
900493
1633
15:16
And I want to end on a project
that is very small,
that is very small,
274
904475
3406
我想講一個計劃嚟做總結
呢個計劃其實又細又同其他計劃好唔同
15:19
in a way, very different:
275
907905
1253
15:21
a floating cinema
in the ocean of Thailand.
in the ocean of Thailand.
276
909896
2048
個計劃係一個泰國嘅水上電影院
15:23
Friends of mine had founded
a film festival,
a film festival,
277
911968
3536
我有朋友搵到一個電影節
我諗如果我哋思考電影嘅故事同讀白
15:27
and I thought,
278
915528
1190
15:29
if we think of the stories
and narratives of movies,
and narratives of movies,
279
917226
3279
我哋應該都可以思考
15:32
we should also think of the narratives
of the people that watch them.
of the people that watch them.
280
920529
3543
睇呢部戲嘅觀眾佢哋自己嘅讀白
所以我設計咗一個小型模組式水上平台
15:36
So I designed a small
modular floating platform,
modular floating platform,
281
924096
3285
用嚟自當地漁民嘅技術整出嚟
15:39
based on the techniques
of local fishermen,
of local fishermen,
282
927405
2274
用佢哋起龍蝦田同魚田嘅技術
15:41
how they built their lobster
and fish farms.
and fish farms.
283
929703
2087
15:43
We collaborated with the local community
284
931814
2379
我哋同當地社區合作
起咗呢個由佢哋回收返嚟嘅物料
15:46
and built, out of recycled
materials of their own,
materials of their own,
285
934217
3732
15:49
this fantastical floating platform
286
937973
2122
製成嘅迷人水上平台
15:52
that gently moved in the ocean
287
940119
1921
我哋一路睇英國電影檔案館嘅戲
15:54
as we watched films
from the British film archive,
from the British film archive,
288
942064
2884
好似 1904 年嘅「愛麗絲夢遊仙境」
15:56
[1903] "Alice in Wonderland," for example.
289
944972
2666
我哋一路慢慢移個平台去海度
15:59
The most primordial
experiences of the audience
experiences of the audience
290
947987
3057
我哋仲發現原來本地人嘅經歷
同電影嘅情節相同
同電影嘅情節相同
16:03
merged with the stories of the movies.
291
951068
3065
所以我相信，建築設計超越物質同建築
16:07
So I believe that architecture exceeds
the domain of physical matter,
the domain of physical matter,
292
955840
4810
16:12
of the built environment,
293
960674
1460
16:14
but is really about how
we want to live our lives,
we want to live our lives,
294
962158
3189
而真係同我哋想點生活
點樣闡述我哋同人哋嘅故事息息相關
16:17
how we script our own stories
and those of others.
and those of others.
295
965371
3062
16:20
Thank you.
296
968885
1151
多謝
（掌聲）
16:22
(Applause)
297
970060
3413
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Ole Scheeren - ArchitectOle Scheeren designs buildings that generate both functional and social spaces.
Why you should listen
Ole Scheeren is a German architect and principal of Buro Ole Scheeren with offices in Hong Kong, Beijing, Berlin and Bangkok. He is chief designer and leading the company’s creative vision and strategic development.
Ole Scheeren’s current work includes the Guardian Art Center, a new exhibition space and headquarters for China’s oldest art auction house currently under construction near the Forbidden City in Beijing; 1500 West Georgia, a residential high-rise in downtown Vancouver; DUO, a large-scale mixed-use urban development under construction in Singapore; MahaNakhon, at 314 meters Bangkok’s tallest tower housing the Ritz-Carlton Residences; Angkasa Raya, a 268 meter tall landmark building in the center of Kuala Lumpur; and a large-scale mixed-use urban development in Shenzhen, China.
Prior to launching Buro Ole Scheeren in 2010, Ole was Director and Partner along with Rem Koolhaas at OMA and responsible for the office’s work across Asia. As partner-in-charge of one of the largest buildings in the world, he successfully led the design and realization of the CCTV and TVCC Towers in Beijing. Other projects include The Interlace, a residential complex in Singapore and the Taipei Performing Arts Center in Taiwan. He also directed OMA’s work for Prada and completed the Prada Epicenters in New York and Los Angeles.
Through Studio Ole Scheeren, he is exploring his more personal interest in non-architectural projects and interventions, such as Archipelago Cinema, a floating auditorium in the Andaman Sea for the “Film on the Rocks” Festival in Yao Noi, Thailand, and subsequently installed at the 13th Architecture Biennale in Venice. He also developed Mirage City Cinema, a cinema-architecture space commissioned by the Sharjah Art Foundation as part of the Sharjah Biennial 11 Film Programme.
Ole Scheeren has contributed to various arts and culture projects and exhibitions throughout his career, including triennials in Beijing and Milan, China Design Now in London, the exhibition Cities on the Move at London’s Hayward Gallery and in the city of Bangkok, Media City Seoul and the Rotterdam Film Festival. For the Museum of Modern Art he designed two exhibitions in New York and Beijing featuring the CCTV project.
He regularly lectures at various international institutions and conferences, serves on juries for awards and competitions, and has been awarded numerous prizes, including the CTBUH 2013 Best Tall Building award for CCTV and the 2015 inaugural Urban Habitat Award for The Interlace.
Educated at the universities of Karlsruhe and Lausanne, Ole Scheeren graduated from the Architectural Association in London and was awarded the RIBA Silver Medal.
Ole Scheeren | Speaker | TED.com