Judith Heumann: Our fight for disability rights -- and why we're not done yet
جوديث هيومان: كفاحنا من أجل حقوق ذوي الاحتياجات الخاصة، ولماذا لم ننته بعد.
Judith Heumann is a lifelong advocate for the rights of disabled people. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
أصبت بشلل الأطفال.
for three years.
بشكل متكرر لمدة 3 سنوات.
in our Brooklyn neighborhood,
في منطقتنا (بروكلين)،
very helpful for my parents.
afraid of contagion,
in front of our house.
walk across the street.
الشارع المقابل لمنزلنا.
when my family really began to realize
that I would live at home,
until I was 36 years old.
إلا حين بلغت 36 من العمر.
with my father one night,
when you were two years old,
suggested to your mom and I
go ahead with their lives
with all the disability-related things.
المتعلقة بالاحتياجات الخاصة."
not because he was a liar,
I was really surprised by this story,
متفاجئة للغاية من هذه القصة،
all across the United States,
في أنحاء الولايات المتحدة،
in walking distance to our house,
بي للمدرسة مسافة قريبة من منزلنا،
up the steps into the school,
no, I couldn't come to that school
would send a teacher to my house.
in a real building
only with disabled children
مع أطفال ذوي إعاقات
mainly nondisabled children.
called sheltered workshops
or below minimum wage.
أو يأخذون أقل من الحد الأدنى للأجور.
who left in the 1930s,
الذين غادروا في الثلاثينات،
and they lost parents.
their parents in the Holocaust.
for me in my life.
I used a wheelchair,
in New York City, in the entire city,
في مدينة (نيويورك) بأكملها،
back onto home instruction
with other parents.
make some of the high schools accessible.
المدارس الثانوية قابلة للوصول.
a regular high school,
مدرسة ثانوية عادية،
about what discrimination was,
that I needed to become my own advocate.
أنني بحاجة إلى أن أكون مُدافعي الخاص.
Long Island University,
and I took all the appropriate courses,
وأخذت جميع المواد الدراسية المناسبة،
for me to go for my license,
inaccessible buildings,
سهلة الوصول لذوي الإحتياجات،
up and down the steps
صعوداً وهبوطاً على الدرج
completely different.
the doctor asked me
how I went to the bathroom.
for any kind of an interview,
من المقابلات كما تعلمون،
of questions that people could ask you?
الأسئلة التي قد تُسألونها؟
no disabled people using wheelchairs
خاصة يستخدمون الكراسي المتحركة
I was expecting something bad.
كنت أتوقع أمراً سيئا.
that teachers show their students
that I was denied my job
sequelae of -- I'm sorry.
sequelae of poliomyelitis.
عقابيل شلل الأطفال.
what the word "sequelae" meant,
and it meant "because of."
because I couldn't walk.
التعليم لأنني لا أستطيع المشي.
time in my life,
challenging the system, me,
of other friends who had disabilities
لديهم احتياجات خاصة
to move forward with this,
at Long Island University
خاصة في جامعة لونغ ايلاند
at the "New York Times,"
about what had happened
what had happened was wrong.
in the "New York Times"
العدد في "نيويورك تايمز"
"Human v. The Board of Education"
came out in support
who was writing a book about civil rights.
كان يكتب كتاباً عن الحقوق المدنية.
I want to sue the Board of Education."
أن أُقاضي مجلس التعليم."
were aligned around this court case,
تصطف حول هذه القضية.
female federal judge --
when she saw it.
to offer me a job,
and I started teaching that fall
وبدأت العمل في ذلك الخريف
around the country,
you needed to be cured,
عليك أن تتماثل للشفاء تماماً،
part of the equation.
from the Civil Rights Movement
about their activism
the Disability Rights Movement.
بحركة ذوي الاحتياجات الخاصة.
a couple of riddles.
to stop a bus in New York City
على إيقاف حافلة في مدينة نيويورك
because you're in a wheelchair?
الحافلة لأنكم على كرسي متحرك؟
right in front of the steps
المناسب أمام الحافلة
to learn how to do that,
vetoed the Rehabilitation Act.
نكسون قانون إعادة التأهيل.
to be promulgated to implement that law
أن يتم الإعلان عنها لتطبيقها
With Disabilities Act, the ADA,
الاحتياجات الخاصة،ADA،
in fact be passed in the House or Senate,
تمريرها في مجلس النواب أو مجلس الشيوخ،
the United States came together
من جميع أنحاء الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية
on the lawn of the White House.
على مرجة البيت الأبيض.
statements he had in his speech
of exclusion finally come tumbling down."
المشينة للاستبعاد."
or maybe or even 40 or older,
أو ربما 40 عاماً أو أكثر،
there were no ramps on the streets,
أرصفة منحدرة في الشوارع،
bathrooms in shopping malls,
المتحركة في الحمامات ومراكز التسوق،
a sign language interpreter,
مترجم للغة الإشارة،
or other kinds of supports.
أو أنواع أخرى من الدعم.
want laws like we have,
العالم يريدون قوانين مثل قوانيننا،
of Persons with Disabilities.
ذوي الاحتياجات الخاصة.
have joined this treaty.
human rights treaty
الشيوخ الأمريكي لدينا
that we ratify the treaty.
في التصديق على المعاهدة.
into force until ratification,
no president can ratify a treaty
التصديق على معاهدة
to enable us as Americans
people and governments around the world
الخاصة والحكومات في كل أنحاء العالم
that we've been doing,
have the same opportunities
don't have the same laws as we do
لديها نفس القوانين التي لدينا
are more limited.
violence and rape
these forms of violence
هذه الأشكال من العنف
and people that they know,
are not adjudicated.
لا يتم الفصل فيها.
where there's a quota system,
حيث يوجد نظام نسب،
in the facility."
the door of your vehicle,
in the community with appropriate supports
في المجتمع مع الدعم المناسب
lives of despair.
needs to be doing more to correct.
على الولايات المتحدة فعلها للتعديل.
be doing together?
you can join at any point in your life.
قد تنضمون إليها في أي نقطة في حياتكم.
how many of you have ever broken a bone?
كم منكم قد كسر عظامه؟
you to maybe write a couple of sentences
اليوم، أود منكم كتابة جملتين
has been like for you,
I couldn't do that.
هذا، لم أتمكن من فعل ذلك.
They acted differently towards me."
تصرفوا تجاهي بشكل مختلف."
and other disabled people see
ذوي الاحتياجات الخاصة
and watching this TED Talk --
ويشاهدون محادثة TED هذه..
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Judith Heumann - Disability rights activistJudith Heumann is a lifelong advocate for the rights of disabled people.
Why you should listen
Judith (Judy) Heumann contracted polio in 1949 in Brooklyn, NY and began to experience discrimination at five years old when she was denied the right to attend school because she was a "fire hazard." Her parents played a strong role in fighting for her rights as a child. Heumann determined that she, working in collaboration with other disabled people, had to play an increasing advocacy role as she and others experienced continuous discrimination because of their disabilities. She is now an internationally recognized leader in the disability rights community and a lifelong civil rights advocate. As a Senior Fellow at the Ford Foundation, she is currently working to help advance the inclusion of disability in the Foundation’s work and is leading a project to advance the inclusion of disabled people in the media.
President Obama appointed Heumann as the first Special Advisor for International Disability Rights at the US Department of State, where she served from 2010-2017. Prior to this position, she served as the Director for the Department on Disability Services for the District of Columbia, where she was responsible for the Developmental Disability Administration and the Rehabilitation Services Administration.
From June 2002- 2006, Heumann served as the World Bank's first Adviser on Disability and Development. In this position, she led the World Bank's disability work to expand the Bank’s knowledge and capability to work with governments and civil society on including disability in the global conversation. From 1993 to 2001, Heumann served in the Clinton Administration as the Assistant Secretary for the Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services in the Department of Education. She was also responsible for the implementation of legislation at the national level for programs in special education, disability research, vocational rehabilitation and independent living, serving more than 8 million youth and adults with disabilities.
Heumann graduated from Long Island University in Brooklyn, NY in 1969 and received her Master’s in Public Health from the University of California at Berkeley in 1975. Her goal in life is to continue to advance the rights and empowerment of ALL disabled people around the world. She is also currently building an online presence through The Heumann Perspective which can found on Facebook, YouTube and Twitter.
Judith Heumann | Speaker | TED.com