Judith Heumann: Our fight for disability rights -- and why we're not done yet
Джудит Хьюманн: Наша борьба за права инвалидов — и почему она ещё не окончена
Judith Heumann is a lifelong advocate for the rights of disabled people. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
я заболела полиомиелитом.
на аппарате искусственного дыхания
for three years.
периодически лежала в больнице.
in our Brooklyn neighborhood,
у нас было много соседей,
very helpful for my parents.
всяческую помощь моим родителям.
afraid of contagion,
in front of our house.
проходить мимо нашего дома.
walk across the street.
переходили на другую сторону улицы.
when my family really began to realize
моя семья начала понимать,
для определённых людей:
that I would live at home,
что я буду жить в родном доме,
until I was 36 years old.
with my father one night,
when you were two years old,
когда тебе было два года,
suggested to your mom and I
go ahead with their lives
with all the disability-related things.
что связано с инвалидностью.
not because he was a liar,
что посчитала его слова неправдой,
I was really surprised by this story,
почему эта история так удивила меня.
all across the United States,
в Соединённых Штатах,
in walking distance to our house,
к школе рядом с нашим домом,
up the steps into the school,
no, I couldn't come to that school
учиться в их школе,
для инвалидных колясок.
would send a teacher to my house.
предоставит мне учителя на дому.
in a real building
не была в само́м здании,
only with disabled children
только с детьми-инвалидами,
mainly nondisabled children.
учились дети без инвалидностей.
called sheltered workshops
защищённые мастерские,
or below minimum wage.
либо за сущие копейки.
что такое дискриминация.
who left in the 1930s,
покинувшие страну в 1930-е годы,
and they lost parents.
и своих собственных родителей.
their parents in the Holocaust.
они оба потеряли родителей.
for me in my life.
I used a wheelchair,
была моя инвалидная коляска:
in New York City, in the entire city,
для инвалидных колясок,
back onto home instruction
детьми-инвалидами.
with other parents.
с родителями других детей.
make some of the high schools accessible.
несколько школ доступными для инвалидов.
a regular high school,
в обычную среднюю школу,
about what discrimination was,
что такое дискриминация,
that I needed to become my own advocate.
что должна сама бороться за свои права.
Long Island University,
and I took all the appropriate courses,
и посещала все соответствующие предметы.
for me to go for my license,
inaccessible buildings,
неприспособленных для инвалидов,
up and down the steps
вверх и вниз по лестницам
completely different.
отличалась от других экзаменов.
the doctor asked me
how I went to the bathroom.
for any kind of an interview,
of questions that people could ask you?
no disabled people using wheelchairs
I was expecting something bad.
на каждом шагу своего пути.
that teachers show their students
должны показывать ученикам,
that I was denied my job
мне отказали в работе, —
sequelae of -- I'm sorry.
полиомиелита... Извините.
sequelae of poliomyelitis.
остаточное явление полиомиелита.
what the word "sequelae" meant,
что такое «остаточное явление»,
and it meant "because of."
и это означало «последствие».
because I couldn't walk.
из-за того, что я не могу ходить.
time in my life,
challenging the system, me,
of other friends who had disabilities
многие друзья с инвалидностью
to move forward with this,
двигаться вперёд в этом деле,
at Long Island University
в Университете Лонг-Айленда,
at the "New York Times,"
в «Нью-Йорк Таймс».
about what had happened
о том, что произошло,
what had happened was wrong.
это несправедливо.
in the "New York Times"
вышла редакционная статья
"Human v. The Board of Education"
Совета по образованию»,
came out in support
who was writing a book about civil rights.
писал книгу о гражданских правах.
I want to sue the Board of Education."
подать в суд на Совет по образованию».
were aligned around this court case,
что над этим делом сошлись звёзды,
female federal judge --
федеральный судья...
when she saw it.
что я подверглась дискриминации.
Совету по образованию
to offer me a job,
который бы дал мне работу,
and I started teaching that fall
и той же осенью начала преподавать
around the country,
you needed to be cured,
то будь добр лечиться,
part of the equation.
не может быть и речи.
from the Civil Rights Movement
за гражданские права чернокожих
about their activism
the Disability Rights Movement.
Движением за права инвалидов.
a couple of riddles.
оборудованных для инвалидов,
to stop a bus in New York City
чтобы остановить автобус в Нью-Йорке,
because you're in a wheelchair?
из-за инвалидной коляски?
right in front of the steps
прямо перед ступеньками
to learn how to do that,
vetoed the Rehabilitation Act.
на Закон о реабилитации инвалидов.
to be promulgated to implement that law
обнародовать для реализации этого закона,
Но они были подписаны.
With Disabilities Act, the ADA,
об американцах-инвалидах,
in fact be passed in the House or Senate,
представителей, ни в Сенат,
the United States came together
представителей и Сенат,
on the lawn of the White House.
на лужайке перед Белым домом.
statements he had in his speech
высказываний в речи президента было:
of exclusion finally come tumbling down."
отчуждения наконец рухнут».
or maybe or even 40 or older,
there were no ramps on the streets,
не было пандусов,
bathrooms in shopping malls,
для инвалидов-колясочников,
a sign language interpreter,
переводчиков языка жестов,
or other kinds of supports.
и других специальных возможностей.
want laws like we have,
такие же законы, как у нас,
of Persons with Disabilities.
have joined this treaty.
human rights treaty
по правам человека,
that we ratify the treaty.
ратифицировать соглашение.
into force until ratification,
только после ратификации,
no president can ratify a treaty
не может ратифицировать соглашение
выполнить свою работу,
to enable us as Americans
позволить нам, как американцам,
people and governments around the world
инвалидам и правительствам во всём мире
that we've been doing,
которую мы делаем;
have the same opportunities
и работать за рубежом,
don't have the same laws as we do
нет таких законов, как у нас,
are more limited.
с женщинами-инвалидами,
violence and rape
these forms of violence
and people that they know,
с которыми они знакомы,
are not adjudicated.
не рассматриваются судом.
рабочие места только потому,
where there's a quota system,
in the facility."
мы не нуждаемся в вас на производстве».
the door of your vehicle,
дверь вашего автомобиля,
in the community with appropriate supports
с соответствующей поддержкой,
lives of despair.
needs to be doing more to correct.
над чем нужно работать США.
be doing together?
you can join at any point in your life.
вы можете стать в любой момент жизни.
how many of you have ever broken a bone?
когда-либо ломали кость.
you to maybe write a couple of sentences
я прошу вас написать пару строк
has been like for you,
в тот период времени,
I couldn't do that.
я не мог делать это.
They acted differently towards me."
И по-другому вели себя со мной».
and other disabled people see
and watching this TED Talk --
и смотрит моё выступление, —
в защиту справедливости.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Judith Heumann - Disability rights activistJudith Heumann is a lifelong advocate for the rights of disabled people.
Why you should listen
Judith (Judy) Heumann contracted polio in 1949 in Brooklyn, NY and began to experience discrimination at five years old when she was denied the right to attend school because she was a "fire hazard." Her parents played a strong role in fighting for her rights as a child. Heumann determined that she, working in collaboration with other disabled people, had to play an increasing advocacy role as she and others experienced continuous discrimination because of their disabilities. She is now an internationally recognized leader in the disability rights community and a lifelong civil rights advocate. As a Senior Fellow at the Ford Foundation, she is currently working to help advance the inclusion of disability in the Foundation’s work and is leading a project to advance the inclusion of disabled people in the media.
President Obama appointed Heumann as the first Special Advisor for International Disability Rights at the US Department of State, where she served from 2010-2017. Prior to this position, she served as the Director for the Department on Disability Services for the District of Columbia, where she was responsible for the Developmental Disability Administration and the Rehabilitation Services Administration.
From June 2002- 2006, Heumann served as the World Bank's first Adviser on Disability and Development. In this position, she led the World Bank's disability work to expand the Bank’s knowledge and capability to work with governments and civil society on including disability in the global conversation. From 1993 to 2001, Heumann served in the Clinton Administration as the Assistant Secretary for the Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services in the Department of Education. She was also responsible for the implementation of legislation at the national level for programs in special education, disability research, vocational rehabilitation and independent living, serving more than 8 million youth and adults with disabilities.
Heumann graduated from Long Island University in Brooklyn, NY in 1969 and received her Master’s in Public Health from the University of California at Berkeley in 1975. Her goal in life is to continue to advance the rights and empowerment of ALL disabled people around the world. She is also currently building an online presence through The Heumann Perspective which can found on Facebook, YouTube and Twitter.
Judith Heumann | Speaker | TED.com