ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Judith Heumann - Disability rights activist
Judith Heumann is a lifelong advocate for the rights of disabled people.

Why you should listen

Judith (Judy) Heumann contracted polio in 1949 in Brooklyn, NY and began to experience discrimination at five years old when she was denied the right to attend school because she was a "fire hazard." Her parents played a strong role in fighting for her rights as a child. Heumann determined that she, working in collaboration with other disabled people, had to play an increasing advocacy role as she and others experienced continuous discrimination because of their disabilities. She is now an internationally recognized leader in the disability rights community and a lifelong civil rights advocate. As a Senior Fellow at the Ford Foundation, she is currently working to help advance the inclusion of disability in the Foundation’s work and is leading a project to advance the inclusion of disabled people in the media.  

President Obama appointed Heumann as the first Special Advisor for International Disability Rights at the US Department of State, where she served from 2010-2017. Prior to this position, she served as the Director for the Department on Disability Services for the District of Columbia, where she was responsible for the Developmental Disability Administration and the Rehabilitation Services Administration.

From June 2002- 2006, Heumann served as the World Bank's first Adviser on Disability and Development. In this position, she led the World Bank's disability work to expand the Bank’s knowledge and capability to work with governments and civil society on including disability in the global conversation. From 1993 to 2001, Heumann served in the Clinton Administration as the Assistant Secretary for the Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services in the Department of Education. She was also responsible for the implementation of legislation at the national level for programs in special education, disability research, vocational rehabilitation and independent living, serving more than 8 million youth and adults with disabilities.

Heumann graduated from Long Island University in Brooklyn, NY in 1969 and received her Master’s in Public Health from the University of California at Berkeley in 1975. Her goal in life is to continue to advance the rights and empowerment of ALL disabled people around the world. She is also currently building an online presence through The Heumann Perspective which can found on FacebookYouTube and Twitter.

More profile about the speaker
Judith Heumann | Speaker | TED.com
TEDxMidAtlantic

Judith Heumann: Our fight for disability rights -- and why we're not done yet

Judith Heumann: Nossa luta pelos direitos das pessoas com deficiência e por que ela ainda não terminou

Filmed:
1,130,125 views

Quatros décadas atrás, Judith Heumann ajudou na liderança de um protesto inovador chamado de manifestação da Seção 504, em que ativistas de direitos das pessoas com deficiência ocuparam um edifício federal norte-americano durante um mês, exigindo maior acessibilidade para todos. Nesta palestra inspiradora, Heumann fala sobre as histórias por trás do protesto e nos faz recordar que , 40 anos depois, a luta ainda não terminou.
- Disability rights activist
Judith Heumann is a lifelong advocate for the rights of disabled people. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

Eu nasci muito tempo atrás, em 1947,
00:12
I was born in 1947, a long time ago,
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00:17
and when I was 18 months old, I had polio.
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e tive pólio aos 18 meses de idade.
00:21
I was in an iron lung for three months
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Fiquei num ventilador
de pressão negativa por três meses
00:24
and in and out of the hospital
for three years.
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e entrei e saí do hospital
durante três anos.
00:27
Now, we had lots of neighbors
in our Brooklyn neighborhood,
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Bem, tínhamos muitos vizinhos no Brooklyn
00:31
and some of them were really
very helpful for my parents.
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e alguns deles foram realmente
muito prestativos com meus pais.
00:35
Some of them were really
afraid of contagion,
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Outros tinham muito receio de contágio
00:39
and they wouldn't even walk
in front of our house.
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e sequer passavam em frente à nossa casa.
00:42
They would literally
walk across the street.
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Literalmente atravessavam a rua,
para outra calçada.
00:45
I think this was a time
when my family really began to realize
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Acho que foi nessa época
que meus pais começaram a perceber
00:50
what disability meant to some people:
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o que a deficiência significava
para algumas pessoas: medo.
00:53
fear.
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00:55
And it wasn't even a sure thing
that I would live at home,
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E nem sequer tínhamos certeza
se eu viveria em casa,
00:59
although I didn't learn about this
until I was 36 years old.
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embora só tenha sabido disso aos 36 anos.
01:02
I was having a discussion
with my father one night,
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Certa noite, eu estava conversando
com meu pai e ele disse:
01:05
and he said, "You know,
when you were two years old,
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"Quando você tinha dois anos,
01:08
one of the doctors
suggested to your mom and I
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um dos médicos sugeriu a mim e à sua mãe
que deixássemos você numa instituição".
01:11
that you live in an institution,
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01:14
that they could just
go ahead with their lives
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O médico sugeriu que assim
eles poderiam tocar a vida deles,
01:17
and raise their kids
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criar seus filhos,
01:18
and kind of be done with having to deal
with all the disability-related things.
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sem precisarem mais lidar
com toda a questão da deficiência.
01:23
I didn't believe my father,
not because he was a liar,
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Não acreditei no meu pai,
não porque ele fosse mentiroso,
01:27
but I'd never heard this story,
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mas porque nunca
tinha ouvido essa história,
01:29
and my mother in fact validated that.
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mas minha mãe confirmou que era verdade.
01:32
She never wanted to tell me.
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Ela só nunca quis me contar.
01:34
But in reality, I don't know why
I was really surprised by this story,
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Na verdade, não sei por que
fiquei surpresa com essa história
01:38
because when I was five years old,
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porque, quando eu tinha cinco anos,
01:41
and my mother, like mothers and fathers
all across the United States,
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minha mãe, como qualquer
mãe e pai nos EUA,
01:45
was taking me to school to enroll,
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me levou pra me matricular na escola.
01:48
she pushed my wheelchair to the school
in walking distance to our house,
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Ela foi me empurrando na cadeira de rodas
até a escola, que ficava perto de casa,
01:53
pulled the wheelchair
up the steps into the school,
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puxou a cadeira de rodas pelas escadas
até entrarmos na escola,
01:56
and we were greeted by the principal.
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onde fomos saudadas pelo diretor.
01:58
Not really greeted.
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Na verdade, não exatamente saudadas.
02:00
But the principal said,
no, I couldn't come to that school
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O diretor disse que eu
não podia ir para aquela escola
02:04
because it wasn't accessible.
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porque ela não tinha acessibilidade.
02:07
But he told us not to worry,
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Mas ele disse para não nos preocuparmos
02:10
because the Board of Education in fact
would send a teacher to my house.
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porque o Conselho de Educação
enviaria um professor à nossa casa.
02:15
And they did
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E eles fizeram isso,
02:17
for a total of two and a half hours
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totalizando duas horas e meia
02:20
a week.
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por semana.
02:22
(Audience murmurs)
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(Murmúrio da plateia)
02:23
But for good behavior,
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Por bom comportamento,
02:25
they threw in an occupational therapist
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eles mandaram uma terapeuta ocupacional
02:28
who taught me that very essential skill
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que me ensinou a habilidade
essencial do ponto-cruz.
02:31
of cross-stitching.
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02:33
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
Atualmente, não faço mais ponto-cruz.
02:34
I don't cross-stitch today.
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02:35
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
02:38
I didn't actually get to go to school
in a real building
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Na verdade, só passei a frequentar
a escola de fato aos nove anos de idade,
02:42
until I was nine years old,
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02:44
and then I was in classes
only with disabled children
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mas eu ficava em turmas
que só tinham alunos deficientes,
02:47
in a school that had
mainly nondisabled children.
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numa escola que basicamente
só tinha crianças não deficientes.
02:50
And in my classes,
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Nas minhas turmas,
02:52
there were students up to the age of 21.
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havia alunos de até 21 anos de idade.
02:56
And then, after 21,
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Aí, após 21 anos,
02:58
they went to something
called sheltered workshops
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eles iam para as chamadas
oficinas protegidas,
03:02
with menial work
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realizando atividades braçais
03:03
and earning either nothing
or below minimum wage.
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e ganhando nada ou menos
que um salário mínimo.
03:07
So I understood discrimination.
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Aí, eu soube o que era a discriminação.
03:10
My parents understood discrimination.
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Meus pais sabiam
o que era a discriminação.
03:13
My parents came from Germany.
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Meus pais vieram da Alemanha.
03:16
They were German Jews
who left in the 1930s,
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Eles eram judeus alemães,
que deixaram a Alemanha na década de 1930,
03:19
escaping the Holocaust.
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fugindo do Holocausto.
03:21
My parents lost family
and they lost parents.
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Meus pais perderam seus pais e familiares.
03:25
Both my parents lost
their parents in the Holocaust.
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Ambos perderam meus avós no Holocausto.
03:29
And so they realized
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Aí, eles perceberam
que não podiam ficar passivos
03:31
that they could not be silent
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03:33
as things were going wrong
for me in my life.
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enquanto as coisas não iam bem pra mim...
não exatamente pra mim, mas as coisas
que aconteciam ao meu redor.
03:36
Not me personally,
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03:38
but what was going on around me.
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03:40
They learned that because
I used a wheelchair,
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Eles descobriram
que, por eu ser cadeirante,
03:44
none of the high schools
in New York City, in the entire city,
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nenhuma das escolas de ensino médio
da cidade de Nova Iorque inteira
03:47
were wheelchair accessible,
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tinha acessibilidade para cadeirantes.
03:49
so what was supposed to happen
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Então, o que eu teria que fazer
era voltar a estudar em casa,
03:52
is I was supposed to go
back onto home instruction
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03:55
along with many other students.
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assim como vários outros estudantes.
03:58
So my parents banded together
with other parents.
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Então, meus pais
se juntaram a outros pais.
04:03
They went to the Board of Education
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Eles foram até o Conselho de Educação
04:05
and they demanded that the Board of Ed
make some of the high schools accessible.
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e solicitaram que o conselho tornasse
acessíveis algumas dessas escolas.
Assim fez o Conselho de Educação.
04:09
And they did.
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04:11
And so I and many others
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Então, eu e vários outros alunos
04:14
were finally able to go to high school,
a regular high school,
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finalmente pudemos cursar
o ensino médio na escola,
04:17
and take regular classes.
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frequentando as aulas normalmente.
04:20
So what happened next?
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O que aconteceu depois?
04:23
I was learning more and more
about what discrimination was,
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Percebi cada vez mais
o que era a discriminação
04:26
and equally important, I was learning
that I needed to become my own advocate.
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e, além disso, descobri que eu precisava
ser defensora da minha própria causa.
04:31
I was entering college,
Long Island University,
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Eu entrei pra faculdade,
na Long Island University.
04:35
and I had always wanted to be a teacher,
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Eu sempre quis ser professora.
04:37
and so I minored in education
and I took all the appropriate courses,
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Então, cursei as disciplinas de educação
e fiz todos os cursos da área.
04:43
and then when it was time
for me to go for my license,
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Quando chegou o momento de receber
minha licença de exercício profissional,
04:47
I had to take a written exam,
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tive de fazer um teste escrito,
04:49
an oral exam
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um teste oral
04:51
and a medical exam.
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e um exame médico.
04:53
At that time, all three of those exams
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Na época, todos os três eram realizados
em locais sem acessibilidade.
04:56
were given in completely
inaccessible buildings,
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05:00
so I had friends who carried me
up and down the steps
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Então, pedi que amigos me ajudassem
a subir e descer as escadas
05:04
for these exams,
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pra realizar os testes e o exame,
05:06
not in a motorized wheelchair.
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não numa cadeira de rodas motorizada...
05:07
(Laughter)
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mas numa cadeira de rodas manual.
05:08
In a manual wheelchair.
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05:11
But I passed my oral exam.
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Mas passei no teste oral.
05:14
I passed my written exam.
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Passei no teste escrito.
05:16
My medical exam was something
completely different.
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Só que, no exame médico,
a coisa foi bem diferente.
05:21
One of the first questions
the doctor asked me
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Uma das primeiras perguntas da médica
05:24
was, could I please show her
how I went to the bathroom.
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foi se eu poderia mostrá-la
como eu usava o banheiro.
05:31
I was 22 years old
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Eu tinha 22 anos de idade.
05:33
and you know when you go
for any kind of an interview,
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Sabe quando vamos
a uma entrevista qualquer
05:36
you think about all the kinds
of questions that people could ask you?
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e pensamos em todo tipo de pergunta
que o entrevistador pode fazer?
05:39
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
05:41
That was not one of them.
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Essa não foi uma delas.
05:43
And I was freaked out in the first place
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Fiquei logo apavorada
porque eu tinha ouvido falar
05:46
because I had heard
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05:47
that there were actually
no disabled people using wheelchairs
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que na verdade não havia ninguém
com deficiência e usando cadeira de rodas
que fosse professor em Nova Iorque.
05:51
who were teachers in New York,
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05:53
so each step along the way
I was expecting something bad.
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Então, a cada novo passo do caminho,
eu esperava algo de ruim.
05:57
So I said to her,
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Aí, eu disse a ela:
05:59
is it a requirement
that teachers show their students
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"É uma exigência que os professores
mostrem aos alunos como usar o banheiro?
06:01
how to go to the bathroom?
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06:04
If it is, I can do that.
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Se for isso, eu consigo".
06:07
So no surprise,
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Como era de se esperar,
06:09
I was failed
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fui reprovada por não passar
no exame médico.
06:11
because I didn't pass the medical.
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06:13
The official reason
that I was denied my job
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O motivo oficial de me negarem o emprego
06:17
was paralysis of poliomyelitis
sequelae of -- I'm sorry.
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foi paralisia como sequela
de poliomelite... perdão...
06:24
Paralysis of both lower limbs,
sequelae of poliomyelitis.
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paralisia dos membros inferiores,
como sequela de poliomelite.
Francamente, eu não sabia
o significava a palavra "sequela".
06:28
Honestly, I didn't know
what the word "sequelae" meant,
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06:31
so I went to the dictionary,
and it meant "because of."
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Peguei um dicionário e vi
que significava "em decorrência de".
06:34
So I'd been denied my license
because I couldn't walk.
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Então, me negaram a licença profissional
por eu não poder andar.
06:38
So what was I going to do?
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O que eu faria?
06:41
This is a really important
time in my life,
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Esse foi um momento
muito importante na minha vida
06:44
because it would be the first time
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porque seria a primeira vez
que eu realmente desafiaria o sistema, eu,
06:46
that I really would be
challenging the system, me,
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06:50
and although I was working with a lot
of other friends who had disabilities
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e, embora eu estivesse trabalhando
com vários amigos que tinham deficiências
06:54
who were encouraging me
to move forward with this,
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e que me encorajavam a seguir adiante,
06:57
it was nonetheless quite frightening.
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foi muito assustador.
06:59
But I was really very lucky.
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Mas tive muita sorte.
07:01
I had a friend who was a disabled student
at Long Island University
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Eu tinha um amigo deficiente
na Long Island University
07:05
and was also a stringer
at the "New York Times,"
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que também era correspondente
do "New York Times",
07:08
and he was able to get a reporter
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e ele conseguiu fazer com que um repórter
07:11
to write a really good piece
about what had happened
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escrevesse um artigo muito bom
sobre o que tinha acontecido
07:15
and why he thought
what had happened was wrong.
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e por que ele achava
que o que tinha acontecido era errado.
07:18
The next day there was an editorial
in the "New York Times"
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No dia seguinte, foi publicado
um editorial no New York Times
07:23
with the title of
"Human v. The Board of Education"
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intitulado "Heumann versus
o Conselho de Educação"
07:26
and the "New York Times"
came out in support
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e o New York Times saiu em meu apoio
07:28
of my getting my teaching license.
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pra que eu conseguisse
minha licença de professora.
07:30
(Applause)
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(Aplausos)
07:34
And then the same day,
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Naquele mesmo dia,
07:36
I got a call from an attorney
who was writing a book about civil rights.
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recebi uma ligação de um advogado
que estava escrevendo
um livro sobre direitos civis.
07:41
And he was calling me to interview me,
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Ele estava me ligando para me entrevistar,
mas eu é que estava entrevistando ele.
07:44
and I was interviewing him.
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07:46
He didn't know that.
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Ele nem percebeu.
07:47
And at the end of our discussion, I said,
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No fim da conversa, eu disse:
07:50
"Would you be willing to represent me?
I want to sue the Board of Education."
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"Você estaria disposto a ser meu advogado?
Quero processar o Conselho de Educação".
07:54
And he said yes.
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Ele respondeu que sim.
07:56
Now, sometimes I say that the stars
were aligned around this court case,
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Bom, às vezes digo que as estrelas
estavam alinhadas nesse processo,
08:01
because we had an amazing judge:
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porque tivemos uma juíza incrível:
08:05
the first African American
female federal judge --
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a primeira juíza federal
afro-americana dos EUA...
08:10
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
08:12
Constance Baker Motley.
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Constance Baker Motley.
08:14
(Applause)
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(Aplausos)
08:20
And she knew discrimination
when she saw it.
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Ela reconhecia de longe
o cheiro da discriminação.
08:24
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
08:27
So she strongly encouraged the Board of Ed
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Ela então recomendou veementemente
que o Conselho de Educação
me deixasse fazer um novo exame médico,
08:31
to give me another medical exam,
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08:34
which they did.
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e eles deixaram.
08:36
And then I got my license,
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Aí, obtive minha licença
08:39
and while it took a number of months
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e, embora tenha levado alguns meses
08:41
for me to actually get a principal
to offer me a job,
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pra que algum diretor escolar
me oferecesse um emprego,
08:44
I finally did get a job
and I started teaching that fall
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no fim consegui um e comecei
a dar aulas em setembro daquele ano,
08:48
in the same school that I had gone to,
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na mesma escola em que
eu havia cursado o segundo ano.
08:51
second grade.
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1200
08:53
So --
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Então...
08:54
(Applause)
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522640
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(Aplausos)
É assunto pra uma outra palestra TED...
08:58
That's a whole other TED Talk.
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08:59
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
09:01
But I was learning as my friends were,
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529440
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Eu estava aprendendo,
tal como meus amigos
e outras pessoas em todo o país,
09:05
and people I didn't know
around the country,
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533520
2496
09:08
that we had to be our own advocates,
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536040
3256
que tínhamos de ser os defensores
da nossa própria causa,
09:11
that we needed to fight back people's view
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4256
que precisávamos confrontar
essa mentalidade das pessoas
09:15
that if you had a disability,
you needed to be cured,
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543600
3336
de que, se você tivesse uma deficiência,
você precisava ser curado,
09:18
that equality was not
part of the equation.
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3056
que a igualdade
não fazia parte da equação.
09:22
And we were learning
from the Civil Rights Movement
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3296
E nós estávamos aprendendo
com o movimento por direitos civis
09:25
and from the Women's Rights Movement.
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553360
2136
e com o movimento
pelos direitos das mulheres.
09:27
We were learning from them
about their activism
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555520
3176
Estávamos aprendendo com o ativismo deles
09:30
and their ability to come together,
184
558720
2016
e com sua capacidade de se unir
não só para discutir problemas,
09:32
not only to discuss problems
185
560760
2736
09:35
but to discuss solutions.
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563520
1936
mas para discutir soluções.
09:37
And what was born is what we call today
the Disability Rights Movement.
187
565480
4400
O que surgiu daí foi o que chamamos hoje
de Movimento pelos Direitos
das Pessoas com Deficiência.
09:42
So I'd like to tell you
a couple of riddles.
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570800
2800
Bom, tenho algumas charadas pra vocês.
09:46
How many people do you think it takes
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574840
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Quantas pessoas vocês acham
que são necessárias
09:50
to stop traffic on Madison Avenue
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578080
3776
para parar o tráfego na Avenida Madison
09:53
during rush hour in New York City?
191
581880
2536
durante a hora do rush
na cidade de Nova Iorque?
09:56
Do you have a guess? How many?
192
584440
1616
Alguém chuta? Quantas pessoas?
09:58
(Audience members shout out answers)
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586080
1715
(Plateia grita respostas)
10:01
Fifty.
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589360
1200
Cinquenta.
10:03
One would be too little.
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591520
1200
Uma seria muito pouco.
10:06
Fifty people.
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594160
1256
Cinquenta pessoas.
10:07
And there were no accessible paddy wagons,
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595440
2736
Não havia camburões com acessibilidade,
10:10
so they had to just kind of deal with us.
198
598200
2736
então tiveram simplesmente que nos aturar.
10:12
(Laughter)
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600960
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(Risos)
10:15
(Applause)
200
603280
1976
(Aplausos)
10:17
But let me tell you another riddle.
201
605280
2336
Tenho outra charada.
10:19
How many people does it take
to stop a bus in New York City
202
607640
4696
Quantas pessoas são necessárias
para parar um ônibus em Nova Iorque
10:24
when they refuse to let you on
because you're in a wheelchair?
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612360
3560
quando o motorista se recusa a te deixar
subir com cadeira de rodas?
10:29
One. That is the right answer.
204
617120
2376
Uma. Essa é a resposta certa.
10:31
So what you have to do though
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619520
2896
Então, o que você precisa fazer
é pegar sua cadeira de rodas...
10:34
is take your wheelchair --
206
622440
1856
10:36
(Laughter)
207
624320
2976
(Risos)
10:39
Sidle in the right place
right in front of the steps
208
627320
3856
posicioná-la no lugar certo,
bem em frente aos degraus,
10:43
and give it a little push underneath,
209
631200
3336
e dar um empurrãozinho por baixo,
10:46
and then their bus can't move.
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634560
1776
e aí o ônibus não consegue sair.
10:48
(Laughter)
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636360
3656
(Risos)
10:52
Any of you who want
to learn how to do that,
212
640040
3536
Quem quiser aprender a fazer isso
10:55
talk to me after this.
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643600
1216
me procure no final.
10:56
(Laughter)
214
644840
1816
(Risos)
10:58
In 1972, President Nixon
vetoed the Rehabilitation Act.
215
646680
6240
Em 1972, o presidente Nixon
vetou a Lei da Reabilitação.
11:05
We protested. He signed it.
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653720
2640
Nós protestamos, e ele assinou.
11:09
Then the regulations that needed
to be promulgated to implement that law
217
657120
4976
Aí, as regulações que precisavam
ser promulgadas para a aplicação da lei
11:14
had not in fact been signed.
218
662120
2416
ainda não tinham sido assinadas.
11:16
We demonstrated. They were signed.
219
664560
2360
Nós nos manifestamos,
e elas foram assinadas.
11:19
And when the Americans
With Disabilities Act, the ADA,
220
667680
3856
Quando a lei sobre norte-americanos
com deficiência, a ADA,
11:23
our Emancipation Proclamation Act,
221
671560
3016
que é nossa "Lei da Proclamação
da Emancipação",
11:26
looked as though it might not
in fact be passed in the House or Senate,
222
674600
5416
parecia que não passaria
nem na câmara nem no senado,
11:32
disabled people from all across
the United States came together
223
680040
4256
pessoas com deficiência,
de todos os EUA, se uniram
11:36
and they crawled up the Capitol steps.
224
684320
3560
e escalaram os degraus do Capitólio.
11:41
That was an amazing day,
225
689560
2736
Foi um dia incrível,
11:44
and the House and Senate passed the ADA.
226
692320
3480
e a câmara e o senado aprovaram a ADA.
11:48
And then President Bush signed the ADA.
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696520
5456
O presidente Bush então assinou a lei.
11:54
It's a great picture.
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702000
1576
Essa foto é ótima.
11:55
President Bush signed the ADA
on the lawn of the White House.
229
703600
4056
O presidente Bush assinou a lei
no gramado na Casa Branca.
11:59
It was an amazing day,
230
707680
1976
Foi um dia incrível,
12:01
and there are about 2,000 people there.
231
709680
2520
com a presença de umas 2 mil pessoas.
12:05
It was July 26, 1990.
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713000
3960
Foi em 26 de julho de 1990.
12:09
And one of the most famous
statements he had in his speech
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717720
3696
Uma das frases mais famosas
que ele proferiu em seu discurso
12:13
was, "Let the shameful walls
of exclusion finally come tumbling down."
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721440
5600
foi: "Que os muros vergonhosos da exclusão
sejam finalmente derrubados".
12:20
For any of you in the room
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728000
2056
Qualquer um aqui nesta sala
com 50 anos ou mais,
12:22
who are 50 or older,
or maybe or even 40 or older,
236
730080
3536
ou talvez 40 anos ou mais,
12:25
you remember a time when
there were no ramps on the streets,
237
733640
3176
vai se lembrar da época
em que não havia rampas nas ruas,
12:28
when buses were not accessible,
238
736840
2056
em que os ônibus
não tinham acessibilidade,
12:30
when trains were not accessible,
239
738920
1976
quando os trens não tinham acessibilidade,
12:32
where there were no wheelchair-accessible
bathrooms in shopping malls,
240
740920
3816
em que não havia banheiros acessíveis
para cadeirantes em shoppings,
12:36
where you certainly did not have
a sign language interpreter,
241
744760
3136
em que com certeza não havia
intérpretes de língua de sinais,
12:39
or captioning, or braille
or other kinds of supports.
242
747920
4176
nem legendas, nem braile,
nem outras formas de apoio.
12:44
These things have changed,
243
752120
1936
Isso tudo mudou e inspirou o mundo.
12:46
and they have inspired the world.
244
754080
2656
12:48
And disabled people around the world
want laws like we have,
245
756760
4816
Em todo o mundo, pessoas com deficiência
querem leis como as norte-americanas,
12:53
and they want those laws enforced.
246
761600
2240
e querem que elas sejam obedecidas.
12:56
And so what we've seen is something called
247
764600
2816
Então, o que vimos acontecer
foi algo chamado
12:59
the Convention on the Rights
of Persons with Disabilities.
248
767440
3280
de Convenção de Direitos
das Pessoas com Deficiência.
13:03
It is a treaty that was adopted in 2006.
249
771160
3856
É um tratado que foi adotado em 2006.
13:07
It's celebrating is 10-year anniversary.
250
775040
3976
Está fazendo dez anos.
13:11
More than 165 countries
have joined this treaty.
251
779040
4440
Mais de 165 países assinaram esse tratado.
13:16
It is the first international
human rights treaty
252
784160
4096
É o primeiro tratado internacional
de direitos humanos
13:20
fully focused on disabled people.
253
788280
2560
totalmente voltado
para pessoas com deficiência.
13:23
But I am sad to say that our US Senate
254
791520
4136
Mas lamento dizer
que o senado norte-americano
13:27
has failed to recommend to our president
that we ratify the treaty.
255
795680
5256
não recomendou ao nosso presidente
que ratificasse o tratado.
13:32
We signed it in 2009,
256
800960
2936
Os EUA o assinaram em 2009,
13:35
but it doesn't come
into force until ratification,
257
803920
4216
mas ele só passa a valer
após ratificação,
13:40
and the president --
no president can ratify a treaty
258
808160
3216
e nenhum presidente
pode ratificar o tratado
13:43
without the consent of the Senate.
259
811400
2560
sem o consentimento do senado.
13:46
So we feel really strongly
260
814560
3456
Então, sentimos realmente
13:50
that our US Senate needs to do its job,
261
818040
3536
que o senado norte-americano
precisa cumprir seu papel,
13:53
that our Senate needs
to enable us as Americans
262
821600
4176
e precisa nos permitir,
enquanto norte-americanos,
13:57
not only to be able to assist disabled
people and governments around the world
263
825800
5136
não só a ajudar pessoas com deficiência
e governos no mundo inteiro
14:02
to learn about the good work
that we've been doing,
264
830960
3856
a conhecer o bom trabalho
que temos realizado,
14:06
but it's equally important
265
834840
2016
mas é igualmente importante
14:08
that disabled people
have the same opportunities
266
836880
3816
que as pessoas com deficiência
tenham as mesmas oportunidades
14:12
to travel, study and work abroad
267
840720
3656
de viajar, estudar e trabalhar no exterior
14:16
as anyone else in our country.
268
844400
2376
que todas as outras pessoas
do nosso país têm.
14:18
And as long as many countries
don't have the same laws as we do
269
846800
4136
Enquanto muitos países não tiverem
as mesmas leis que nós temos
14:22
and don't enforce them if they have them,
270
850960
2616
e não as aplicarem, se as tiverem,
14:25
opportunities for disabled people
are more limited.
271
853600
3080
as oportunidades para as pessoas
com deficiência continuarão limitadas.
14:29
When I travel abroad,
272
857840
1936
Quando viajo ao exterior,
14:31
I am always meeting with disabled women,
273
859800
2816
sempre me encontro
com mulheres com deficiência,
14:34
and those women tell me stories
274
862640
2456
e elas me contam histórias
14:37
about how they experience
violence and rape
275
865120
4336
sobre suas experiências
de violência e de estupro
14:41
and how in many cases
these forms of violence
276
869480
3656
e sobre como, em muitos casos,
essas formas de violência
14:45
occur from family members
and people that they know,
277
873160
5496
partem de familiares
e de pessoas conhecidas
14:50
who in fact may be working for them.
278
878680
2576
e que às vezes são até suas cuidadoras.
14:53
And frequently these cases
are not adjudicated.
279
881280
3416
Normalmente, esses casos
não são denunciados.
14:56
I meet disabled people
280
884720
1976
Já conheci pessoas com deficiência
14:58
who have been offered jobs by businesses
281
886720
4656
que receberam oportunidades
de emprego em empresas
15:03
because they live in a country
where there's a quota system,
282
891400
3376
porque vivem em países
com sistema de quotas
15:06
and in order to avoid a fine,
283
894800
2536
e, para evitarem receber multas,
15:09
they will hire you
284
897360
2256
essas empresas te contratam e te dizem:
15:11
and then tell you,
285
899640
1256
15:12
"You don't need to come to work
286
900920
1856
"Não precisa vir trabalhar
15:14
because we really don't need you
in the facility."
287
902800
3160
porque não precisamos de você
nas dependências da empresa".
15:18
I have visited institutions
288
906800
2576
Já visitei instituições
15:21
where the stench of urine is so strong
289
909400
3856
onde o cheiro de urina era tão forte
15:25
that before you open
the door of your vehicle,
290
913280
3096
que, antes de abrir a porta do carro,
15:28
you're kind of pushed back,
291
916400
2016
você meio que recuava.
15:30
and then gone into those institutions
292
918440
2816
E já fui a instituições
15:33
where people should be living
in the community with appropriate supports
293
921280
4896
onde as pessoas deviam estar vivendo
em comunidade com apoio apropriado,
15:38
and seen people almost naked,
294
926200
3056
mas estavam quase nuas,
15:41
people who are chemically drugged
295
929280
2496
dopadas por remédios
15:43
and people who are living
lives of despair.
296
931800
2480
e vivendo uma vida de desespero.
15:47
These are some of the things that the US
needs to be doing more to correct.
297
935120
5320
Essas são algumas das coisas que os EUA
precisam se dedicar mais a corrigir.
15:53
We know discrimination when we see it,
298
941240
3176
Reconhecemos a discriminação
quando a vemos,
15:56
and we need to be fighting it together.
299
944440
2040
e precisamos enfrentá-la juntos.
15:59
So what is it that we can
be doing together?
300
947120
3160
Então, o que será
que podemos fazer juntos?
16:03
I encourage you all to recognize
301
951320
2776
Todos precisamos reconhecer
16:06
that disability is a family
you can join at any point in your life.
302
954120
5160
que todos podemos nos tornar deficientes
em qualquer momento da nossa vida.
16:12
I'd like to see by a show of hands
how many of you have ever broken a bone?
303
960040
4480
Por favor levante a mão
quem aqui já teve um osso quebrado.
Então, quando vocês saírem hoje,
16:18
And then, when you leave today, I'd like
you to maybe write a couple of sentences
304
966800
4776
escrevam talvez algumas frases
sobre como esse momento foi pra vocês,
16:23
about what that period of time
has been like for you,
305
971600
3856
16:27
because frequently I hear from people,
306
975480
2536
porque ouço com frequência
as pessoas dizerem:
16:30
"You know, I couldn't do this,
I couldn't do that.
307
978040
3016
"Sabe, não posso fazer isso,
não posso fazer aquilo.
16:33
People talked to me differently.
They acted differently towards me."
308
981080
4296
As pessoas falam e agem
de forma diferente comigo".
16:37
And that's what I see
and other disabled people see
309
985400
3856
E é isso que eu e outras pessoas
com deficiência vivenciamos.
16:41
in flashing letters.
310
989280
1560
16:43
But we -- you in this room,
311
991520
2736
Mas nós nesta sala,
16:46
people listening
and watching this TED Talk --
312
994280
3216
as pessoas que ouvem ou assistem
a esta palestra TED,
16:49
together we can make a difference.
313
997520
3136
juntos podemos fazer a diferença.
16:52
Together we can speak up for justice.
314
1000680
3080
Juntos podemos lutar por justiça.
16:56
Together we can help change the world.
315
1004280
2840
Juntos podemos ajudar a mudar o mundo.
16:59
Thank you. I have to go catch my bus.
316
1007960
2576
Obrigada. Preciso ir pegar meu ônibus.
17:02
(Applause)
317
1010560
6440
(Aplausos)
Translated by Leonardo Silva
Reviewed by Maricene Crus

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Judith Heumann - Disability rights activist
Judith Heumann is a lifelong advocate for the rights of disabled people.

Why you should listen

Judith (Judy) Heumann contracted polio in 1949 in Brooklyn, NY and began to experience discrimination at five years old when she was denied the right to attend school because she was a "fire hazard." Her parents played a strong role in fighting for her rights as a child. Heumann determined that she, working in collaboration with other disabled people, had to play an increasing advocacy role as she and others experienced continuous discrimination because of their disabilities. She is now an internationally recognized leader in the disability rights community and a lifelong civil rights advocate. As a Senior Fellow at the Ford Foundation, she is currently working to help advance the inclusion of disability in the Foundation’s work and is leading a project to advance the inclusion of disabled people in the media.  

President Obama appointed Heumann as the first Special Advisor for International Disability Rights at the US Department of State, where she served from 2010-2017. Prior to this position, she served as the Director for the Department on Disability Services for the District of Columbia, where she was responsible for the Developmental Disability Administration and the Rehabilitation Services Administration.

From June 2002- 2006, Heumann served as the World Bank's first Adviser on Disability and Development. In this position, she led the World Bank's disability work to expand the Bank’s knowledge and capability to work with governments and civil society on including disability in the global conversation. From 1993 to 2001, Heumann served in the Clinton Administration as the Assistant Secretary for the Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services in the Department of Education. She was also responsible for the implementation of legislation at the national level for programs in special education, disability research, vocational rehabilitation and independent living, serving more than 8 million youth and adults with disabilities.

Heumann graduated from Long Island University in Brooklyn, NY in 1969 and received her Master’s in Public Health from the University of California at Berkeley in 1975. Her goal in life is to continue to advance the rights and empowerment of ALL disabled people around the world. She is also currently building an online presence through The Heumann Perspective which can found on FacebookYouTube and Twitter.

More profile about the speaker
Judith Heumann | Speaker | TED.com

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