TEDWomen 2010
Liza Donnelly: Drawing on humor for change
Liza Donnelly: Menggambar humor demi perubahan.
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Kartunis New Yorker Lize Donnelly berbagi portofolio dari kartunnya yang lucu dan bijak tentang kehidupan modern -- dan berbicara tentang bagaimana humor dapat memberi kekuatan kepada wanita untuk mengubah aturan-aturan.
Liza Donnelly - Cartoonist
New Yorker cartoonist Liza Donnelly tackles global issues with humor, intelligence and sarcasm. Her latest project supports the United Nations initiative Cartooning For Peace. Full bio
New Yorker cartoonist Liza Donnelly tackles global issues with humor, intelligence and sarcasm. Her latest project supports the United Nations initiative Cartooning For Peace. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:17
(Laughter)
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(Tawa)
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I was afraid of womanhood.
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Dulu saya takut menjadi wanita
00:27
Not that I'm not afraid now,
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Bukannya saya tidak takut sekarang
00:29
but I've learned to pretend.
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tapi saya belajar berpura-pura.
00:31
I've learned to be flexible.
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Saya belajar menjadi fleksibel.
00:33
In fact, I've developed some interesting tools
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Sebenarnya, saya membuat beberapa alat menarik
00:35
to help me deal with this fear.
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untuk membantu mengatasi ketakutan ini.
00:37
Let me explain.
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Biar saya jelaskan.
00:39
Back in the '50s and '60s, when I was growing up,
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Di tahun 50 dan 60-an, saat saya dibesarkan
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little girls were supposed to be kind and thoughtful
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gadis kecil haruslah baik dan bijaksana
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and pretty and gentle and soft,
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cantik, sopan, dan lemah lembut.
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and we were supposed to fit into roles
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Dan kami harus cocok dengan aturan-aturan
00:48
that were sort of shadowy --
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yang membayangi kita.
00:50
really not quite clear what we were supposed to be.
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Benar-benar tidak jelas bagaimana kami seharusnya bersikap
00:52
(Laughter)
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(Tawa)
00:56
There were plenty of role models all around us.
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Ada banyak contoh untuk diteladani di sekitar kami
00:58
We had our mothers, our aunts, our cousins, our sisters,
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Ada ibu kami, bibi kami, sepupu kami, saudari kami,
01:01
and of course, the ever-present media
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dan tentu saja, keberadaan media
01:03
bombarding us with images and words,
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yang menghujani kami dengan gambar dan kata-kata
01:06
telling us how to be.
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untuk mengajari kami bersikap.
01:09
Now my mother was different.
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Ibu saya berbeda.
01:11
She was a homemaker,
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Dia seorang ibu rumah tangga,
01:13
but she and I didn't go out and do girlie things together,
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namun ibu dan saya tidak pernah melakukan hal-hal berbau wanita bersama.
01:15
and she didn't buy me pink outfits.
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Dan dia tidak membelikan saya pakaian merah jambu.
01:17
Instead, she knew what I needed, and she bought me a book of cartoons.
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Malahan, dia tahu apa yang saya butuhkan, dan dia membelikan saya buku kartun.
01:20
And I just ate it up.
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Dan saya menghabiskannya.
01:22
I drew, and I drew,
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Saya menggambar dan menggambar
01:24
and since I knew that humor was acceptable in my family,
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dan karena saya tahu keluarga saya dapat menerima humor.
01:27
I could draw, do what I wanted to do,
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saya dapat menggambar, melakukan apa yang saya inginkan,
01:29
and not have to perform, not have to speak --
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tanpa harus menunjukkannya, tanpa harus bicara --
01:31
I was very shy --
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Saya sangat pemalu --
01:33
and I could still get approval.
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dan saya masih dapat diterima.
01:36
I was launched as a cartoonist.
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Saya mulai menjadi kartunis.
01:40
Now when we're young,
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Saat kita masih muda
01:42
we don't always know. We know there are rules out there,
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kita tidak selalu tahu -- kita tahu ada aturan-aturan di sana,
01:45
but we don't always know --
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namun kita tidak selalu tahu --
01:47
we don't perform them right,
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kita tidak melakukannya dengan benar
01:49
even though we are imprinted at birth
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walaupun sejak lahir kita dicetak
01:51
with these things,
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dengan hal-hal ini,
01:54
and we're told
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dan kita diberi tahu
01:56
what the most important color in the world is.
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apa warna yang paling penting di dunia.
01:59
We're told what shape we're supposed to be in.
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Kita diberi tahu bentuk badan kita yang seharusnya.
02:02
(Laughter)
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(Tawa)
02:05
We're told what to wear --
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Kita diberi tahu apa yang harus dipakai --
02:07
(Laughter)
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(Tawa)
02:09
-- and how to do our hair --
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-- dan menata rambut kita --
02:11
(Laughter)
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(Tawa)
02:16
-- and how to behave.
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-- dan bagaimana bertingkah laku.
02:19
Now the rules that I'm talking about
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Peraturan yang saya bicarakan
02:21
are constantly being monitored by the culture.
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terus - menerus dimonitor oleh budaya.
02:23
We're being corrected,
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Kesalahan kita diperbaiki.
02:25
and the primary policemen are women,
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Dan penjaga utamanya adalah wanita
02:28
because we are the carriers of the tradition.
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karena kita adalah penerus tradisi.
02:30
We pass it down from generation to generation.
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Kita meneruskannya dari generasi ke generasi.
02:34
Not only that --
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Bukan hanya itu,
02:36
we always have this vague notion
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kita selalu memiliki pikiran samar-samar
02:38
that something's expected of us.
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bahwa ada sesuatu yang diharapkan dari kita.
02:40
And on top of all off these rules,
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Lebih dari itu, semua peraturan ini
02:43
they keep changing.
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terus berubah
02:45
(Laughter)
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(Tawa)
02:49
We don't know what's going on half the time,
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Kita sering tidak tahu tentang apa yang terjadi
02:52
so it puts us in a very tenuous position.
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yang membuat kita berada pada posisi yang lemah.
02:55
(Laughter)
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(Tawa)
02:57
Now if you don't like these rules,
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Jika Anda tidak menyukai peraturan ini,
02:59
and many of us don't --
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dan kebanyakan dari kita tidak suka --
03:01
I know I didn't, and I still don't,
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saya tahu saya tidak suka dan masih tidak suka,
03:04
even though I follow them half the time,
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walaupun sering saya mengikutinya
03:06
not quite aware that I'm following them --
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tanpa menyadari bahwa saya mengikutinya --
03:08
what better way than to change them [than] with humor?
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cara apa yang lebih baik daripada mengubahnya melalui humor?
03:13
Humor relies on the traditions of a society.
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Humor bergantung pada tradisi masyarakat.
03:16
It takes what we know, and it twists it.
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Humor mengambil apa yang kita ketahui, dan memelintirnya.
03:19
It takes the codes of behavior and the codes of dress,
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Humor mengambil cara bertingkah laku dan berpakaian
03:21
and it makes it unexpected,
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dan membuatnya tidak terduga,
03:23
and that's what elicits a laugh.
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dan inilah yang menimbulkan tawa.
03:25
Now what if you put together women and humor?
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Lalu bagaimana jika Anda menggabungkan wanita dan humor?
03:28
I think you can get change.
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Saya pikir Anda bisa mendapat perubahan.
03:30
Because women are on the ground floor,
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Karena wanita ada di bawah
03:32
and we know the traditions so well,
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dan kita tahu tradisi dengan sangat baik,
03:34
we can bring a different voice to the table.
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kita dapat membawa suara yang berbeda.
03:36
Now I started drawing
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Lalu saya mulai menggambar
03:38
in the middle of a lot of chaos.
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di tengah kekacauan.
03:40
I grew up not far from here in Washington D.C.
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Saya tumbuh tidak jauh dari sini di Washington D. C.
03:42
during the Civil Rights movement, the assassinations,
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selama pergerakan Hak-Hak Sipil, pembunuhan,
03:45
the Watergate hearings and then the feminist movement,
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persidangan Watergate, lalu pergerakan kaum feminis.
03:48
and I think I was drawing,
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Dan saya pikir saya menggambar
03:50
trying to figure out what was going on.
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mencoba mencari tahu apa yang terjadi.
03:52
And then also my family was in chaos,
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Kemudian keluarga saya juga dilanda kekacauan.
03:55
and I drew to try to bring my family together --
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Dan saya menggambar untuk mencoba menyatukan keluarga saya --
03:58
(Laughter)
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(Tawa)
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-- try to bring my family together with laughter.
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-- mencoba menyatukan keluarga saya dengan tawa,
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It didn't work.
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Namun tidak berhasil.
04:08
My parents got divorced, and my sister was arrested.
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Orang tua saya bercerai dan saudari saya ditahan.
04:11
But I found my place.
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Namun saya menemukan tempat saya.
04:13
I found that I didn't have to wear high heels,
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Ternyata saya tidak perlu memakai sepatu hak tinggi,
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I didn't have to wear pink,
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tidak perlu memakai warna merah jambu,
04:17
and I could feel like I fit in.
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dan saya merasa cocok.
04:20
Now when I was a little older, in my 20s,
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Saat saya berusia 20-an
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I realized there are not many women in cartooning.
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saya menyadari tidak banyak wanita yang menjadi kartunis.
04:26
And I thought, "Well, maybe I can break
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Dan saya berpikir, "Mungkin saya dapat menghancurkan
04:28
the little glass ceiling of cartooning,"
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atap kaca tipis ini untuk menjadi kartunis."
04:30
and so I did. I became a cartoonist.
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Dan saya melakukannya, saya menjadi kartunis.
04:32
And then I thought -- in my 40s I started thinking,
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Lalu saya berpikir, pada usia 40-an saya mulai berpikir
04:35
"Well, why don't I do something?
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"Mengapa saya tidak melakukan sesuatu?
04:37
I always loved political cartoons,
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Saya selalu suka dengan kartun politik
04:39
so why don't I do something with the content of my cartoons
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jadi mengapa saya tidak melakukan sesuatu dengan isi kartun saya
04:42
to make people think about the stupid rules that we're following
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untuk membuat orang berpikir tentang peraturan bodoh yang kita ikuti
04:45
as well as laugh?"
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dan juga tertawa?"
04:48
Now my perspective
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Cara pandang saya
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is a particularly --
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secara khusus --
04:52
(Laughter)
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(Tawa)
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-- my perspective is a particularly American perspective.
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-- cara pandang saya secara khusus adalah Amerika.
04:56
I can't help it. I live here.
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Saya tidak dapat berbuat apa-apa. Saya tinggal di sini.
04:59
Even though I've traveled a lot,
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Walaupun saya banyak bepergian
05:01
I still think like an American woman.
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saya masih berpikir seperti wanita Amerika.
05:03
But I believe that the rules that I'm talking about
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Namun saya percaya bahwa peranan yang saya bicarakan
05:05
are universal, of course --
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bersifat universal, tentu saja --
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that each culture has its different codes of behavior
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setiap budaya memiliki aturan tingkah laku,
05:10
and dress and traditions,
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berpakaian, dan tradisi berbeda
05:12
and each woman has to deal with these same things
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dan setiap wanita harus berurusan dengan hal yang sama
05:14
that we do here in the U.S.
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dengan kita di Amerika Serikat.
05:16
Consequently, we have.
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Akibatnya, kita memliki --
05:18
Women, because we're on the ground, we know the tradition.
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wanita, karena kita berada di dasar, kita tahu akan tradisi --
05:21
We have amazing antennae.
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kita memiliki antena menakjubkan.
05:24
Now my work lately
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Pekerjaan saya belakangan ini
05:26
has been to collaborate with international cartoonists,
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adalah bekerja sama dengan kartunis internasional,
05:28
which I so enjoy,
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yang sangat saya nikmati.
05:31
and it's given me a greater appreciation
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Dan hal ini membuat saya lebih menghargai
05:33
for the power of cartoons
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kekuatan kartun
05:35
to get at the truth,
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untuk menyatakan kebenaran
05:39
to get at the issues quickly and succinctly.
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untuk menyatakan masalah dengan cepat dan ringkas.
05:42
And not only that, it can get to the viewer
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Dan bukan hanya itu, humor dapat mencapai pembaca
05:44
through not only the intellect, but through the heart.
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melalui, bukan hanya otak, namun melalui hati.
05:47
My work also has allowed me to collaborate
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Pekerjaan saya juga memungkinkan saya bekerja sama
05:50
with women cartoonists from across the world --
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dengan para kartunis wanita dari seluruh dunia --
05:52
countries such as Saudi Arabia,
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negara-negara seperti Arab Saudi,
05:54
Iran, Turkey,
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Iran, Turki,
05:56
Argentina, France --
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Argentina, Perancis --
05:58
and we have sat together and laughed
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kami duduk bersama dan tertawa,
06:00
and talked and shared our difficulties.
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berbincang dan berbagi kesulitan-kesulitan kami.
06:02
And these women are working so hard to get their voices heard
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Dan para wanita ini berusaha keras agar suara mereka terdengar
06:05
in some very difficult circumstances.
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dalam kondisi yang sangat sulit.
06:08
But I feel blessed to be able to work with them.
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Namun saya bersyukur dapat bekerja sama dengan mereka.
06:12
And we talk about
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Dan kami membicarakan tentang
06:14
how women have such strong perceptions,
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bagaimana wanita memiliki persepsi yang kuat
06:16
because of our tenuous position
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karena posisi kita yang lemah
06:18
and our role as tradition-keepers,
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dan peran kita sebagai penerus tradisi,
06:21
that we can have the great potential
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bahwa kita memiliki potensi besar
06:24
to be change-agents.
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untuk menjadi agen perubahan.
06:26
And I think, I truly believe,
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Dan saya pikir, saya percaya
06:29
that we can change this thing
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bahwa kita dapat mengubah hal ini
06:31
one laugh at a time.
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setiap kali kita tertawa.
06:33
Thank you.
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Terima kasih.
06:35
(Applause)
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(Tepuk tangan)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Liza Donnelly - CartoonistNew Yorker cartoonist Liza Donnelly tackles global issues with humor, intelligence and sarcasm. Her latest project supports the United Nations initiative Cartooning For Peace.
Why you should listen
When Liza Donnelly joined The New Yorker in 1982, she was the youngest cartoonist on staff and one of only three women at the time to draw cartoons for the magazine. She’s still there. In 2005, Donnelly wrote the definitive book about her colleagues: Funny Ladies: The New Yorker’s Greatest Women Cartoonists and Their Cartoons. She’s been part of many other books, including Sex and Sensibility, Cartoon Marriage (about her life with fellow New Yorker cartoonist Michael Maslin) and a popular series of dinosaur books for kids. Her latest is Women on Men.
In 2007, Donnelly joined the United Nations initiative Cartooning for Peace. She travels worldwide to speak out about freedom of speech, world peace, and other global issues. Along with her New Yorker cartoons, Donnelly writes a column for Forbes, and draws a weekly political cartoon for Medium. She's a founding member of the US branch of the international organization FECO, and has taught at Vassar College and The School of Visual Arts. She received an honorary PhD from the University of Connecticut and is a cultural envoy for the US State Department, traveling to speak about women's rights, freedom of expression and cartoons.
Liza Donnelly | Speaker | TED.com